An ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles

Abstract

The present invention provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles of the present invention can quickly realize the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area and rim area of aluminum alloy wheels, with high working efficiency, small equipment investment, low manufacturing cost, and strong process applicability. It can be used for the surface strengthening of aluminum alloy wheels with various complex structures in the new energy vehicle industry of our country, improving the fatigue strength, service life, and stress corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy wheels. Moreover, the surface finish of the aluminum alloy wheels after ultrasonic impact strengthening is effectively improved, enhancing the surface aesthetics of the aluminum alloy wheels, and significantly improving the handling, stability, and safety of new energy vehicles.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the manufacturing process and technical field of new energy vehicle structural parts, and particularly relates to an ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. Background Technique

[0002] In the field of automotive engineering, as an important component connecting the vehicle and the road surface, the performance of the wheel directly relates to the handling, safety, and driving quality of the whole vehicle. First of all, the wheel supports the total weight of the whole vehicle and transfers the vehicle weight to the road surface, bearing various forces during vehicle driving, such as lateral loads, driving forces, and braking torque during vehicle turning; secondly, the wheel is the part where the axle is installed, which can buffer the external impact of the vehicle, ensure the driving performance of the vehicle, and keep the tire in good contact with the road surface. As a traditional and cost-effective steel wheel, it is known for its high strength and long durability, and can withstand large loads and impacts. However, its weight is relatively large, which will affect the handling and driving range of new energy vehicles. At the same time, the heat dissipation and rust prevention of steel wheels need to be maintained regularly, which limits their application scenarios.

[0003] As the most popular wheel material in the current market, aluminum alloy wheels are known for their lightweight characteristics, which can reduce the total weight of the vehicle, thereby improving the driving range and handling of new energy vehicles. Moreover, the excellent thermal conductivity of aluminum alloy materials also helps the heat dissipation of the wheels, and the corrosion resistance has been significantly improved compared with steel wheels. Different from fuel vehicles, new energy vehicles are driven by electric energy. The vehicle has a fast starting speed at the start stage and a short braking distance during driving. As a load-bearing structural part that bears the total weight of the vehicle body, the wheel needs to continuously bear tensile-compressive impact loads during service. Moreover, as a means of transportation for travel, new energy vehicles often need to be used for a long time. Therefore, higher fatigue strength technical index requirements are put forward for the wheels of new energy vehicles.

[0004] Currently, the manufacturing processes for improving the fatigue strength of new energy vehicle wheels mainly include surface strengthening and extrusion strengthening. Extrusion strengthening is to extrude the center hole and other areas of the wheel through an extrusion rod, introducing a layer of residual compressive stress layer on the material surface, thereby improving the fatigue strength and service life of new energy vehicle wheels; however, extrusion strengthening will damage the structural dimensions of aluminum alloy wheels, making the aluminum alloy wheels unable to be installed and used. Surface strengthening processes mainly include surface shot peening strengthening, surface laser shock peening, and surface ultrasonic shock peening. Shot peening strengthening, as a traditional surface strengthening process, has the advantages of simple operation, strong process applicability, and good effect; however, when surface shot peening strengthening is carried out, numerous and uneven-sized craters will be formed on the part surface, and the surface roughness of the part is relatively large, making it impossible to carry out surface treatment processes such as anodization. Surface laser shock peening is an advanced surface strengthening technology. By impacting the material surface with high-energy laser pulses, residual compressive stress is generated on the material surface, improving the fatigue strength, crack resistance, and corrosion resistance of the material; however, as a metal material with excellent thermal conductivity, when the aluminum alloy absorbs high-energy pulsed laser on the material surface during laser shock peening, it will cause a rapid increase in the surface temperature of the surface layer material, exceeding the heat-resistant temperature limit of the material, resulting in damage and injury to the microstructure of the surface layer material, affecting the service life of the aluminum alloy wheel. Ultrasonic shock technology is an efficient method for eliminating harmful residual tensile stress on the surface of components or in the weld area and introducing beneficial compressive stress. Ultrasonic shock equipment usually uses high-power energy to drive the impact head to impact the surface of metal objects at a frequency of about 20,000 times per second. The high-frequency, high-efficiency, and large energy under focusing cause large compressive plastic deformation on the metal surface layer; at the same time, ultrasonic shock changes the original stress field, generating beneficial compressive stress; the surface temperature of the metal rises extremely rapidly and then cools rapidly under high-energy impact, causing changes in the surface layer metal structure of the action area, and the impact part is strengthened. It can be seen that ultrasonic shock strengthening is a surface treatment technology. Through the high-frequency vibration generated by ultrasonic waves, the impact gun generates high-frequency vibration impacts on the workpiece surface, causing severe plastic deformation on the part surface, introducing residual stress, and effectively improving the fatigue strength and stress corrosion resistance of the part. The working principle of ultrasonic shock strengthening is that the power supply system generates high-frequency electrical signals, the transducer converts the high-frequency electrical signals into mechanical vibrations, the horn amplifies the amplitude of the mechanical vibrations, and the impact gun converts the vibration energy into impact force acting on the part surface, forming a residual compressive stress layer on the part surface through severe plastic deformation, improving the fatigue strength and stress corrosion resistance of the part, thereby enhancing the material properties of the part. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to solve problems such as improving the fatigue strength, service life, and stress corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy wheels for new energy vehicles, and a method and device for ultrasonic impact strengthening to improve the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels for new energy vehicles are proposed. Compared with the existing surface shot peening strengthening and surface laser shock strengthening manufacturing processes, the preparation method of the present invention has the characteristics of simple operation, low manufacturing cost, small environmental pollution, strong process applicability, fast processing speed, high production efficiency, and high surface finish of the wheels. The present invention performs ultrasonic impact strengthening on the spoke area and rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel, specifically, full-area coverage ultrasonic impact strengthening is carried out along the inner cavity surface of the spoke area and the outer side surface of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel.

[0006] By using the ultrasonic impact strengthening device and preparation method for aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in the present invention, ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area and rim area of aluminum alloy wheels with complex structures can be quickly achieved, significantly improving the fatigue strength and stress corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy wheels for new energy vehicles; the surface roughness of the obtained aluminum alloy wheels Ra ≤0.8μm, the stress corrosion fracture toughness KISCC of the aluminum alloy wheel ≥ 16 MPa·m 1 / 2 , the fatigue strength of the aluminum alloy wheel is increased by more than 20%, significantly improving the service life of the aluminum alloy wheel for new energy vehicles, and improving the handling performance, stability, and safety of new energy vehicles.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] An ultrasonic impact strengthening device, characterized in that the device includes an equipment base, a spoke strengthening unit, a rim strengthening unit, and an aluminum alloy wheel fixing unit;

[0009] The spoke strengthening unit includes a spoke strengthening support rod, a spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement locator, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod, and a spoke strengthening structure; the spoke strengthening support rod is connected to the equipment base; the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod is connected to the spoke strengthening support rod; the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor is arranged at the rear end of the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod; the spoke strengthening left and right displacement locator is connected to the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod; the spoke strengthening structure is connected to the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod through the spoke strengthening left and right displacement locator; the spoke strengthening structure is used to realize ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; the rim strengthening unit includes a rim strengthening structure, a rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor, a rim strengthening support rod, a displacement amplitude modulator, and a displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture; the displacement amplitude modulator is connected to the equipment base; the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture is located above the displacement amplitude modulator and connects the rim strengthening structure and the displacement amplitude modulator; the rim strengthening support rod is connected to the equipment base; one end of the rim strengthening support rod is connected to the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor, and the other end is connected to the rim strengthening structure; the rim strengthening structure is used to realize ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; the aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit includes a differential support seat, a differential, a differential speed regulation drive shaft, and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure; the differential support seat is connected to the equipment base, and the differential support seat is connected to the differential speed regulation drive shaft through the differential; an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure is arranged above the differential speed regulation drive shaft.

[0010] Beneficial effects:

[0011] The present invention provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs of new energy vehicles. Compared with the surface shot peening strengthening process, the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the present invention does not require high-speed impact of projectiles, has little environmental pollution, no noise pollution and dust pollution, and will not produce micro-pits on the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub. After the aluminum alloy wheel hub is subjected to ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment, the surface finish is high and the manufacturing cost is low. Compared with the laser shock strengthening process, the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the present invention does not generate a high-energy temperature field, will not cause a rapid rise in temperature on the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, and will not damage the material microstructure on the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; the equipment investment of the ultrasonic impact strengthening device of the present invention is small, the operation is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low.

[0012] The working mode of the spoke strengthening impact gun and the rim strengthening impact gun of the present invention is a multi-point die. A large number of impact heads can be closely attached to the spoke area and the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub during ultrasonic impact strengthening and perform 100% full-coverage ultrasonic impact strengthening, introducing a residual compressive stress layer with a relatively large depth on the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, and significantly improving the fatigue strength of the aluminum alloy wheel hub.

[0013] The ultrasonic impact strengthening device and method for aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles according to the present invention can quickly achieve ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area and rim area of aluminum alloy wheels, with high working efficiency, small equipment investment, low manufacturing cost, and strong process applicability. It can be used for surface strengthening of aluminum alloy wheels with various complex structures in the new energy vehicle industry in China, improving the fatigue strength, service life, and stress corrosion resistance of aluminum alloy wheels. Moreover, the surface finish of the aluminum alloy wheels after ultrasonic impact strengthening is effectively improved, enhancing the surface aesthetics of the aluminum alloy wheels and significantly improving the controllability, stability, and safety of new energy vehicles. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a multi-point die of an impact gun for strengthening the rim area of an aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the working principle of a multi-point die of an impact gun for strengthening the spoke area of an aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle shown in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the physical object of an aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle prepared in Example 3.

[0020] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the physical object of an aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle prepared in Example 4.

[0021] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the physical object of an aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle prepared in Example 5.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1 is the equipment base; 2 is the fastening nut for the spoke reinforcement support rod; 3 is the spoke reinforcement support rod; 4 is the displacement drive motor for the spoke reinforcement support rod; 5 is the left and right displacement positioner for the spoke reinforcement; 6 is the left and right displacement support rod for the spoke reinforcement; 7 is the power supply system for the spoke reinforcement; 8 is the transducer for the spoke reinforcement; 9 is the horn for the spoke reinforcement; 10 is the angle adjuster for the spoke reinforcement; 11 is the impact gun for the spoke reinforcement; 12 is the differential support seat; 13 is the fastening nut for the differential support seat; 14 is the differential; 15 is the speed regulation drive shaft of the differential; 16 is the impact gun for the rim reinforcement; 17 is the horn for the rim reinforcement; 18 is the transducer for the rim reinforcement; 19 is the power supply system for the rim reinforcement; 20 is the displacement drive motor for the rim reinforcement support rod; 21 is the rim reinforcement support rod; 22 is the fastening nut for the rim reinforcement support rod; 23 is the displacement amplitude modulator; 24 is the clamping fixture for the displacement amplitude modulator; 25 is the fastening nut for the displacement amplitude modulator base; 26 is the positioning support base for the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; 27 is the aluminum alloy wheel hub; 28 is the magnetic fastener for the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub. Detailed implementation mode

[0023] <Ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles>

[0024] As described above, the present invention provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening device, especially an ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. Among them, the ultrasonic impact strengthening device includes an equipment base 1, a spoke reinforcement unit, a rim reinforcement unit and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit; the aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit is arranged between the spoke reinforcement unit and the rim reinforcement unit;

[0025] The spoke reinforcement unit includes a spoke reinforcement support rod 3, a displacement drive motor 4 for the spoke reinforcement support rod, a left and right displacement positioner 5 for the spoke reinforcement, a left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement, and a spoke reinforcement structure member;

[0026] The spoke reinforcement support rod 3 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1; the left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement is vertically connected to the spoke reinforcement support rod 3; the displacement drive motor 4 for the spoke reinforcement support rod is arranged at the rear end of the left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement, and is used to realize the up and down displacement of the left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement in the vertical direction; the left and right displacement positioner 5 for the spoke reinforcement is connected to the left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement; the spoke reinforcement structure member is connected to the left and right displacement support rod 6 for the spoke reinforcement through the left and right displacement positioner 5 for the spoke reinforcement, and the left and right displacement positioner 5 for the spoke reinforcement is used to realize the left and right displacement of the spoke reinforcement structure member in the horizontal direction;

[0027] The spoke reinforcement structure member is used to realize the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub;

[0028] The rim strengthening unit includes a rim strengthening structural member, a rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20, a rim strengthening support rod 21, a displacement amplitude modulator 23, and a displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24;

[0029] The displacement amplitude modulator 23 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1; the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is located above the displacement amplitude modulator 23, and the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 connects the rim strengthening structural member and the displacement amplitude modulator 23; the displacement amplitude modulator 23 is used to support the vertical up and down displacement of the rim strengthening structural member;

[0030] The rim strengthening support rod 21 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1; one end of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is connected to the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20, and the other end is connected to the rim strengthening structural member; the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20 is used to achieve the vertical up and down displacement of the rim strengthening structural member, and to achieve the left and right displacement of the rim strengthening structural member in the horizontal direction;

[0031] The rim strengthening structural member is used to achieve ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub;

[0032] The aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit includes a differential support seat 12, a differential 14, a differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structural member;

[0033] The differential support seat 12 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1, and the differential support seat 12 is connected to the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 through the differential 14; an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structural member is arranged above the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 for fixing the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0034] In the present invention, the term "vertical direction" refers to the direction perpendicular to the ground; the term "horizontal direction" refers to the direction parallel to the ground.

[0035] <Equipment base>

[0036] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the equipment base 1 is stainless steel; the length of the equipment base 1 ≥ 2000 mm; the width of the equipment base 1 ≥ 600 mm; the thickness of the equipment base 1 ≥ 35 mm.

[0037] <Spoke strengthening unit>

[0038] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the spoke strengthening structural member and the spoke strengthening unit are used to achieve ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, preferably for achieving ultrasonic impact strengthening of the inner cavity surface of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub.

[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced support rod 3 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1, that is, the included angle between the spoke-reinforced support rod 3 and the equipment base 1 is 90°.

[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 is vertically connected to the spoke-reinforced support rod 3, that is, the included angle between the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 and the spoke-reinforced support rod 3 is 90°.

[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 is arranged at the rear end of the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6; the rear end corresponds to the front end. The rear end refers to the end of the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 where no spoke-reinforced structural member is provided, and the front end refers to the end of the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 where the spoke-reinforced structural member is provided; the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 is used to realize the up-and-down displacement of the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 in the vertical direction.

[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the center of the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 coincides with the center of the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement locator 5 is connected to the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement support rod 6 by a nut.

[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced structural member is located directly below the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement locator 5.

[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced structural member includes a spoke-reinforced power supply system 7, a spoke-reinforced transducer 8, a spoke-reinforced horn 9, a spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10, and a spoke-reinforced impact gun 11; the spoke-reinforced transducer 8 is connected to the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement locator 5 through the spoke-reinforced power supply system 7, the spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10 is connected to the spoke-reinforced transducer 8 through the spoke-reinforced horn 9, and the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is connected to the spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10.

[0046] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced power supply system 7 is located directly below the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement locator 5 and is connected to the spoke-reinforced left-right displacement locator 5 by a nut.

[0047] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke-reinforced transducer 8 is located directly below the spoke-reinforced power supply system 7, the spoke-reinforced horn 9 is located directly below the spoke-reinforced transducer 8, the spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10 is located directly below the spoke-reinforced horn 9, and the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is located directly below the spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10.

[0048] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke reinforcement structural member is perpendicularly connected to the left - right displacement support rod 6 for spoke reinforcement.

[0049] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spoke reinforcement support rod 3 is perpendicularly connected to the equipment base 1 through the fastening nut 2 for the spoke reinforcement support rod.

[0050] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the fastening nut 2 for the spoke reinforcement support rod is carbon steel, and the number of the fastening nuts 2 for the spoke reinforcement support rod is 4 - 6.

[0051] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the spoke reinforcement support rod 3 is stainless steel; the cross - section of the spoke reinforcement support rod 3 is square, such as a square with a side length of 50 mm - 80 mm; the height of the spoke reinforcement support rod 3 is 800 mm - 1200 mm.

[0052] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the left - right displacement support rod 6 for spoke reinforcement is stainless steel; the cross - section of the left - right displacement support rod 6 for spoke reinforcement is square, such as a rectangle with a side length of 40 mm - 60 mm; the length of the left - right displacement support rod 6 for spoke reinforcement is 600 mm - 1000 mm.

[0053] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance of the up - down displacement of the left - right displacement support rod 6 for spoke reinforcement in the vertical direction is 100 mm - 400 mm, for example, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm or 400 mm.

[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the distance of the left - right displacement of the spoke reinforcement structural member in the horizontal direction is 50 mm - 950 mm, for example, 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, 550 mm, 600 mm, 650 mm, 700 mm, 750 mm, 800 mm, 850 mm, 900 mm or 950 mm.

[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output power of the spoke reinforcement power supply system 7 is 400 W - 3200 W, for example, 400 W, 500 W, 600 W, 800 W, 1000 W, 1200 W, 1500 W, 1800 W, 2000 W, 2400 W, 2500 W, 2800 W, 3000 W or 3200 W.

[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the spoke reinforcement transducer 8 is piezoelectric ceramic, the maximum pre - tightening force is 100 N - 800 N, the material of the front cover plate is stainless steel, and the material of the rear cover plate is tungsten alloy.

[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the cooling method of the spoke-reinforced transducer 8 is water cooling, and the composition of the water-based coolant includes 5.2%-6.0% (mass fraction, the same below) of polysiloxane, 1.2%-1.8% of polyoxypropylene-based polymer (Polyalkylene Glycol), 0.15%-0.30% of borate ester, 0.25%-0.45% of organic amine, 0.4%-0.5% of sulfurized fatty acid, 0.35%-0.55% of triethanolamine, 0.12%-0.25% of isothiazolinone, and the balance is pure water.

[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the spoke-reinforced horn 9 is stepped.

[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the impact head of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is spherical, and the radius of the spherical head is 2.0 mm - 3.5 mm.

[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the impact head of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is tungsten carbide hard alloy, and the cobalt element content in the tungsten carbide hard alloy is 5% - 10%.

[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the impact head of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is physically vapor deposited with a TiAlN ceramic coating, and the hardness is 85 HRA - 95 HRA.

[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the number of impact heads of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is 18 - 25, and the working mode is multi-point die impact.

[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration frequency of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is 20 kHz - 35 kHz, the impact pressure is 60 N - 180 N, the single-point impact time is 0.5 s - 1.2 s, and the moving speed is 0.25 mm·s -1 -0.40 mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 20% - 50%, and the duty cycle is 50% - 100%.

[0064] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude of the spoke-reinforced horn 9 is 15 μm - 45 μm, for example, 15 μm, 20 μm, 25 μm, 30 μm, 35 μm, 40 μm or 45 μm.

[0065] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment range of the spoke-reinforced angle adjuster 10 is -30° to 210°, for example, -30°, 0°, 30°, 45°, 60°, 75°, 90°, 120°, 150°, 180° or 210°.

[0066] <Rim strengthening unit>

[0067] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening unit and the rim strengthening structural member are used to achieve ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, preferably for achieving ultrasonic impact strengthening of the outer side surface of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub.

[0068] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement amplitude modulator 23 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through the displacement amplitude modulator base fastening nut 25.

[0069] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the amplitude modulator base fastening nut 25 is carbon steel; the number of the amplitude modulator base fastening nuts 25 is 4 - 6.

[0070] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement distance that the displacement amplitude modulator 23 can make the rim strengthening structural member move up and down in the vertical direction is 40mm - 320mm, for example, 40mm, 50mm, 60mm, 80mm, 100mm, 120mm, 150mm, 160mm, 180mm, 200mm, 220mm, 240mm, 250mm, 280mm, 300mm or 320mm.

[0071] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is alloy steel; the shape of the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is square, such as a square with a side length of 60mm - 100mm; the thickness of the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is 20mm - 40mm.

[0072] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the centers of gravity of the displacement amplitude modulator 23 and the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 are collinear.

[0073] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening support rod 21 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through the rim strengthening support rod fastening nut 22.

[0074] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the rim strengthening support rod fastening nut 22 is carbon steel; the number of the rim strengthening support rod fastening nuts 22 is 4 - 6.

[0075] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is stainless steel; the cross-section of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is square, such as a square with a side length of 30mm - 60mm; the height of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is 400mm - 800mm.

[0076] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement driving motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod can displace the rim strengthening structure up and down in the vertical direction by a distance of 50 mm - 750 mm, such as 50 mm, 100 mm, 150 mm, 200 mm, 250 mm, 300 mm, 350 mm, 400 mm, 450 mm, 500 mm, 550 mm, 600 mm, 650 mm, 700 mm or 750 mm; the displacement driving motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod can displace the rim strengthening structure left and right in the horizontal direction by a distance of 20 mm - 80 mm, such as 20 mm, 30 mm, 40 mm, 50 mm, 60 mm, 70 mm or 80 mm.

[0077] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening structure is perpendicularly connected to the rim strengthening support rod 21.

[0078] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement amplitude adjuster 23 is arranged in parallel with the rim strengthening support rod 21.

[0079] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening structure is connected to the rim strengthening support rod 21 by nuts.

[0080] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening structure includes a rim strengthening impact gun 16, a rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17, a rim strengthening transducer 18 and a rim strengthening power supply system 19; the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is connected to the rim strengthening support rod 21, the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 is connected to the rim strengthening power supply system 19 through the rim strengthening transducer 18, and the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is connected to the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17.

[0081] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is connected to the rim strengthening support rod 21 by nuts; the rim strengthening transducer 18 is connected to the rim strengthening power supply system 19 by nuts; the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 is connected to the rim strengthening transducer 18 by nuts; the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is connected to the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 by nuts.

[0082] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the centers of the rim strengthening transducer 18 and the rim strengthening power supply system 19 are horizontally collinear; the centers of the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 and the rim strengthening transducer 18 are horizontally collinear; the centers of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 are horizontally collinear.

[0083] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the included angle between the displacement driving motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod and the rim strengthening support rod 21 is 90°, and the included angle between the rim strengthening power supply system 19 and the rim strengthening support rod 21 is 90°.

[0084] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the output power of the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is 500W - 2400W, for example, 500W, 600W, 800W, 1000W, 1200W, 1500W, 1800W, 2000W or 2400W.

[0085] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the rim strengthening transducer 18 is piezoelectric ceramics, the maximum pre-tightening force is 200N - 600N, the material of the front cover plate is titanium alloy, the material of the rear cover plate is alloy steel, the cooling method is air cooling, and the air cooling flow rate is 50L·min -1 -95L·min -1 .

[0086] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is roller-shaped, and the radius of the roller is 1.5mm - 2.5mm.

[0087] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is titanium carbide cemented carbide, and the molybdenum element content in the titanium carbide cemented carbide is 2% - 6%.

[0088] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface of the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is physically vapor deposited with a TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 95HRA - 105HRA, the number is 20 - 30, and the working mode is multi-point mode impact.

[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration frequency of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is 35Hz - 50kHz, the impact pressure is 120N - 300N, the single-point impact time is 0.1s - 0.4s, and the moving speed is 0.15mm·s -1 -0.25mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 30% - 70%, and the duty cycle is 60% - 90%.

[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the rim strengthening horn 17 is exponential.

[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the amplitude of the rim strengthening horn 17 is 25μm - 50μm, for example, 25μm, 30μm, 35μm, 40μm, 45μm or 50μm.

[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is used to connect the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23 in the rim strengthening structure.

[0093] <The aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit>

[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum alloy wheel fixing structure member includes an aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26, an aluminum alloy wheel 27, and an aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28; the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26 is disposed above the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15; the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is placed above the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26, and the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28 is disposed above the aluminum alloy wheel 27; after the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28 applies magnetic force through electromagnetic induction, it is used to realize the tight positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 by the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26.

[0095] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the displacement amplitude modulator 23 is disposed parallel to the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15.

[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the differential 14 is disposed directly above the differential support seat 12; the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 is disposed directly above the differential 14.

[0097] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the differential 4 can drive the aluminum alloy wheel 27 to rotate at high speed through the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26, and the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28.

[0098] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is placed directly above the center of the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26, and the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28 is disposed directly above the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel 27.

[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the centers of the differential 14, the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning and supporting base 26, the aluminum alloy wheel 27, and the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener 28 coincide.

[0100] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the differential support seat 12 is connected to the equipment base 1 through a differential support seat fastening nut 13. The material of the differential support seat fastening nut 13 is carbon steel, and the number of the differential support seat fastening nuts 13 is 4 - 6.

[0101] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the differential support seat 12 is alloy steel, and the height of the differential support seat 12 ≥ 300 mm.

[0102] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 is alloy steel, the diameter of the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 is 40 mm - 60 mm; the length of the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 ≥ 350 mm.

[0103] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the differential 14 is connected to the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 through a transmission gear; the rotational speed output after the differential 14 is connected to the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 through the transmission gear is 500 r·min -1 -2000 r·min -1 , for example, 600 r·min -1 , 800 r·min -1 , 1000 r·min -1 , 1200 r·min -1 , 1500 r·min -1 , 1800 r·min -1 .

[0104] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the positioning support base 26 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole is permanent magnet steel; the diameter of the positioning support base 26 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole is 180 mm - 320 mm; the thickness of the positioning support base 26 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole ≥ 35 mm.

[0105] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the magnetic induction intensity applied to the magnetic force fastener 28 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole is 0.3 T - 0.6 T, for example, 0.3 T, 0.4 T, 0.5 T or 0.6 T.

[0106] <Ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles>

[0107] The present invention also provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The method is based on the above-mentioned ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles; the method includes the following steps:

[0108] (i) Positioning and installation of the aluminum alloy wheel hub: Install the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 on the positioning support base 26 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole, and install the magnetic force fastener 28 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole above the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27; Apply electromagnetic induction to the magnetic force fastener 28 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole to achieve the positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27;

[0109] (ii) Ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel hub: Start the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 4 and the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5 to adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11; Start the differential 14, and drive the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 to rotate through the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the positioning support base 26 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole, and the magnetic force fastener 28 of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole; Turn on the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27;

[0110] (iii)Ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim of the aluminum alloy wheel hub: Start the displacement drive motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod and the displacement amplitude adjuster 23 to adjust the position of the rim strengthening impact gun 16; start the differential 14, and drive the rotation of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 through the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the positioning support base 26 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub and the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; turn on the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0111] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, the method further includes:

[0112] (iv)Surface inspection of the aluminum alloy wheel hub: Turn off the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, take out the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 from above the positioning support base 26 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub, inspect the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, and complete the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0113] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, in step (i), the intensity of the battery induction is 0.3T - 0.6T.

[0114] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, in step (ii), start the displacement drive motor 4 of the spoke strengthening support rod, and adjust the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a distance of 0 - 5 μm between the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 and the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the horizontal direction. When the distance is 0, it means that the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is in contact with the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the horizontal direction.

[0115] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, in step (ii), start the left - right displacement locator 5 of the spoke strengthening, and adjust the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a distance of 0 - 5 μm between the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 and the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the vertical direction. When the distance is 0, it means that the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is in contact with the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the vertical direction.

[0116] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, in step (ii), during the process of turning on the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, dynamically adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 according to the structural dimensions of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0117] According to the implementation scheme of the present invention, in step (ii), the dynamic adjustment process continues until the ultrasonic impact strengthening of all spoke areas of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is completed.

[0118] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the position of the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 is dynamically adjusted by the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 and the spoke-reinforced left and right displacement positioners 5 to ensure that the vertical distance between the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 and the spoke region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 0 - 5 μm; the horizontal distance between the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 and the spoke region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 0 - 5 μm.

[0119] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the spoke of the aluminum alloy wheel hub in step (ii), the following steps are further included:

[0120] Turn off the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 and the differential 14; start the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 to move the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 to the outside of the top surface area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0121] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, start the spoke-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 4 to move the spoke-reinforced impact gun 11 to a position where the height distance from the top surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 150 mm - 250 mm.

[0122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (ii), the rotational speed of the rotation of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 1200 r·min -1 -2000 r·min -1 , and the time of the spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 3 min - 5 min.

[0123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), start the rim-reinforced support rod displacement drive motor 20 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23, and adjust the rim-reinforced impact gun 16 so that the distance between the rim-reinforced impact gun 16 and the rim region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the vertical direction is 0 - 5 μm. When the distance is 0, it means that the rim-reinforced impact gun 16 is in contact with the rim region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 in the vertical direction.

[0124] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), during the process of turning on the rim-reinforced impact gun 16 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the rim region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, the position of the rim-reinforced impact gun 16 is dynamically adjusted according to the structural dimensions of the rim region of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0125] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the dynamic adjustment process continues until the ultrasonic impact strengthening of all rim regions of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is completed.

[0126] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the position of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is dynamically adjusted by the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23 to ensure that the vertical distance between the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 0 - 5 μm.

[0127] According to an embodiment of the present invention, after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the aluminum alloy wheel hub spoke in step (iii), it further includes:

[0128] Turn off the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the differential 14; start the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20 to move the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to the outside of the side area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0129] According to an embodiment of the present invention, preferably, start the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20 to move the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to a position with a horizontal distance of 100 mm - 150 mm from the side of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0130] According to an embodiment of the present invention, in step (iii), the rotational speed of the rotation of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 500 r·min -1 -1200 r·min -1 , and the time for the rim ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 2 min - 4 min.

[0131] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that the following embodiments are only for illustrative explanation of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention. All technologies implemented based on the above content of the present invention are covered within the scope of protection intended by the present invention.

[0132] Unless otherwise specified, the experimental methods used in the following embodiments are all conventional methods; the reagents, materials, etc. used in the following embodiments can be obtained from commercial channels unless otherwise specified.

[0133] Example 1

[0134] An ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs of new energy vehicles, the ultrasonic impact strengthening device includes an equipment base 1, a spoke strengthening unit, a rim strengthening unit, and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit; the aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit is arranged between the spoke strengthening unit and the rim strengthening unit;

[0135] The spoke strengthening unit includes a spoke strengthening support rod 3, a spoke strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 4, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6, and a spoke strengthening structure; the spoke strengthening structure includes a spoke strengthening power supply system 7, a spoke strengthening transducer 8, a spoke strengthening horn 9, a spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10, and a spoke strengthening impact gun 11;

[0136] The spoke strengthening support rod 3 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through a spoke strengthening support rod fastening nut 2; the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6 is vertically connected to the spoke strengthening support rod 3; the spoke strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 4 is arranged at the rear end of the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6, and the spoke strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 4 coincides with the center of the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6; the spoke strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 4 is used to realize the up and down displacement of the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6 in the vertical direction, and the distance of the up and down displacement is 100 mm - 400 mm; the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5 is arranged on the spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod 6, and the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5 is used to realize the left and right displacement of the spoke strengthening structure in the horizontal direction, and the distance of the left and right displacement is 50 mm - 950 mm;

[0137] The spoke strengthening transducer 8 is connected to the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5 through the spoke strengthening power supply system 7, the spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10 is connected to the spoke strengthening transducer 8 through the spoke strengthening horn 9, the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is connected to the spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10, the spoke strengthening power supply system 7 is located directly below the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5, and is connected to the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner 5 through a nut; the spoke strengthening transducer 8 is located directly below the spoke strengthening power supply system 7, the spoke strengthening horn 9 is located directly below the spoke strengthening transducer 8, the spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10 is located directly below the spoke strengthening horn 9, and the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is located directly below the spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10;

[0138] The spoke strengthening structure is used to realize the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub;

[0139] The rim strengthening unit includes a rim strengthening structure, a rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor 20, a rim strengthening support rod 21, a displacement amplitude adjuster 23, and a displacement amplitude adjuster clamping fixture 24; the rim strengthening structure includes a rim strengthening impact gun 16, a rim strengthening horn 17, a rim strengthening transducer 18, and a rim strengthening power supply system 19;

[0140] The rim strengthening support rod 21 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through the rim strengthening support rod fastening nut 22; one end of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is connected to the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20, and the included angle between the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 and the rim strengthening support rod 21 is 90°; the other end of the rim strengthening support rod 21 is connected to the rim strengthening power supply system 19, and the included angle between the rim strengthening power supply system 19 and the rim strengthening support rod 21 is 90°; the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 is used to realize the up and down displacement of the rim strengthening structure along the vertical direction, and the distance of the up and down displacement is 50 mm - 750 mm; the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 is also used to realize the left and right displacement of the rim strengthening structure along the horizontal direction, and the distance of the left and right displacement is 20 mm - 80 mm;

[0141] The rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17 is connected to the rim strengthening power supply system 19 through the rim strengthening transducer 18, the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is connected to the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17, and the centers of the rim strengthening impact gun 16, the rim strengthening amplitude-changing rod 17, the rim strengthening transducer 18 and the rim strengthening power supply system 19 are horizontally collinear;

[0142] The displacement amplitude modulator 23 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through the displacement amplitude modulator base fastening nut 25; the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 is located above the displacement amplitude modulator 23, the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 connects the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23, and the centers of gravity of the displacement amplitude modulator 23 and the displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture 24 are collinear; the displacement amplitude modulator 23 is used to support the up and down displacement of the rim strengthening structure along the vertical direction, and the distance of the up and down displacement is 40 mm - 320 mm;

[0143] The rim strengthening structure is used to realize the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub;

[0144] The aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit includes a differential support seat 12, a differential 14, a differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure; the aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure includes an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26, an aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 and an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener 28;

[0145] The differential support base 12 is vertically connected to the equipment base 1 through the differential support base fastening nut 13. The differential support base 12 is connected to the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 through the differential 14, and the differential 14 is arranged directly above the differential support base 12. The differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 is arranged directly above the differential 14. The differential 14 and the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15 are also connected through transmission gears. The aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26 is arranged above the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15.

[0146] An aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is placed directly above the center of the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26, and an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener 28 is arranged directly above the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27. The centers of the differential 14, the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26, the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, and the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener 28 coincide. After the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener 28 applies magnetic force through electromagnetic induction, it is used to realize the tight positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 by the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26.

[0147] In an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is stepped; the amplitude of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is 15μm - 45μm.

[0148] In an embodiment of the present invention, the angle adjustment range of the spoke strengthening angle adjuster 10 is -30° to 210°.

[0149] In an embodiment of the present invention, the impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is spherical, and the radius of the spherical head is 2.0mm - 3.5mm; the material of the impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is tungsten carbide hard alloy, and the cobalt element content in the tungsten carbide hard alloy is 5% - 10%; the surface of the impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is physically vapor deposited with a TiAlN ceramic coating, and the hardness is 85HRA - 95HRA; the number of the impact heads of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is 18 - 25, and the working mode is multi-point die impact.

[0150] In an embodiment of the present invention, the vibration frequency of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is 20kHz - 35kHz, the impact pressure is 60N - 180N, the single-point impact time is 0.5s - 1.2s, the moving speed is 0.25mm·s -1 -0.40mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 20% - 50%, and the duty cycle is 50% - 100%.

[0151] In an embodiment of the present invention, the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is in the shape of a roller, and the radius of the roller is 1.5 mm - 2.5 mm; the material of the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is titanium carbide hard alloy, and the molybdenum element content in the titanium carbide hard alloy is 2% - 6%; the surface of the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is physically vapor deposited with a TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 95 HRA - 105 HRA, the number is 20 - 30, and the working mode is multi-point die impact.

[0152] In an embodiment of the present invention, the structure of the rim strengthening horn 17 is exponential; the amplitude of the rim strengthening horn 17 is 25 μm - 50 μm.

[0153] Example 2

[0154] This embodiment also provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The method is based on the ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in Example 1;

[0155] The method includes the following steps:

[0156] (i) Positioning and installation of the aluminum alloy wheel: Install the aluminum alloy wheel 27 on the positioning support base 26 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel, and install the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel above the aluminum alloy wheel 27; Apply an electromagnetic induction with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.3 T - 0.6 T to the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel to achieve the positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel 27;

[0157] (ii) Ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel: Start the displacement drive motor 4 of the spoke strengthening support rod and the left and right displacement positioner 5 of the spoke strengthening, adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 so that it fits the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel 27; Start the differential 14, and drive the aluminum alloy wheel 27 to rotate at a high speed through the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the positioning support base 26 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel, and the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel; Among them, the rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is 1200 r·min -1 -2000 r·min -1; Turn on the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, and dynamically adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 according to the structural dimensions of the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 until the ultrasonic impact strengthening of all spoke areas of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is completed; during the dynamic adjustment process, use the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 4 and the spoke strengthening left and right displacement locator 5 to dynamically adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to ensure that the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 always fits the spoke area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27; the time for the spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 3 min - 5 min; after the aluminum alloy wheel hub spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening step is completed, it also includes: turning off the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 and the differential 14; starting the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 4 to move the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a position 150 mm - 250 mm above the top surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27;

[0158] (iii) Ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim of the aluminum alloy wheel hub:

[0159] Start the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23, adjust the position of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 so that it fits the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27; start the differential 14, and drive the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 to rotate at a high speed through the differential speed regulation drive shaft 15, the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base 26, and the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener 28; among them, the rotational speed of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 500 r·min -1 - 1200 r·min -1 ; Turn on the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27, and dynamically adjust the position of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 according to the structural dimensions of the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 until the ultrasonic impact strengthening of all rim areas of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is completed; during the dynamic adjustment process, use the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 and the displacement amplitude modulator 23 to dynamically adjust the position of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to ensure that the rim strengthening impact gun 16 always fits the rim area of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27; the time for the rim ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 2 min - 4 min; after the aluminum alloy wheel hub spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening step is completed, it also includes: turning off the rim strengthening impact gun 16 and the differential 14; starting the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 20 to move the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to a position 100 mm - 150 mm horizontally from the side of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0160] (iv)Surface inspection of aluminum alloy wheels: Turn off the magnetic fastener 28 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel, take out the aluminum alloy wheel 27 from above the positioning and supporting base 26 of the center hole of the aluminum alloy wheel, inspect the surface of the aluminum alloy wheel 27, and complete the ultrasonic impact strengthening of the aluminum alloy wheel 27.

[0161] Example 3

[0162] This example provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The method is based on the ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in Example 1.

[0163] Among them, the output power of the spoke strengthening power supply system 7 is 1800 W; the material of the spoke strengthening transducer 8 is piezoelectric ceramics, the maximum pre-tightening force is 450 N, the front cover plate is made of stainless steel, the rear cover plate is made of tungsten alloy, and the cooling method is water cooling; the composition of the water-based coolant includes 5.6% (mass fraction, the same below) of polysiloxane, 1.5% of polyoxypropylene-based polymer (Polyalkylene Glycol), 0.22% of borate ester, 0.35% of organic amine, 0.45% of sulfurized fatty acid, 0.45% of triethanolamine, 0.20% of isothiazolinone, and the balance is pure water.

[0164] The output power of the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is 1500 W; the material of the rim strengthening transducer 18 is piezoelectric ceramics, the maximum pre-tightening force is 400 N, the front cover plate is made of titanium alloy, the rear cover plate is made of alloy steel, the cooling method is air cooling, and the air cooling flow rate is 75 L·min -1 .

[0165] The structure of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is stepped. The impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is spherical, the spherical radius is 3.0 mm, the material is tungsten carbide hard alloy, the cobalt element content in the tungsten carbide hard alloy is 8%, the surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 90 HRA, the number is 20, and the working mode is multi-point mode impact. The vibration frequency of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is 30 kHz, the impact pressure is 120 N, the single-point impact time is 1.0 s, and the moving speed is 0.35 mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 35%, and the duty cycle is 75%. The amplitude of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is 30 μm.

[0166] The structure of the rim strengthening horn 17 is exponential. The impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is roller-shaped, with a roller radius of 2.0 mm, made of titanium carbide hard alloy. The molybdenum element content in the titanium carbide hard alloy is 4%. The surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with a TiAlN ceramic coating, with a hardness of 100 HRA, and the number is 25. The working mode is multi-point die impact. The vibration frequency of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is 42 Hz, the impact pressure is 210 N, the single-point impact time is 0.25 s, and the moving speed is 0.20 mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 50%, and the duty cycle is 75%. The amplitude of the rim strengthening horn 17 is 40 μm.

[0167] The method is the ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in Embodiment 2; specifically: applying an electromagnetic induction with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.4 T to the magnetic fastener 28 of the central hole of the aluminum alloy wheel to achieve the positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel 27; the rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the aluminum alloy wheel spoke is 1600 r·min -1 , and the time for ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment of the aluminum alloy wheel spoke of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is 4 min; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the aluminum alloy wheel spoke is completed, start the displacement drive motor 4 of the spoke strengthening support rod to move the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a position 200 mm above the top surface of the aluminum alloy wheel 27. The rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the aluminum alloy wheel rim is 800 r·min -1 , and the time for ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment of the aluminum alloy wheel rim of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is 3 min; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the aluminum alloy wheel rim is completed, start the displacement drive motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod to move the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to a position 120 mm horizontally from the side of the aluminum alloy wheel 27.

[0168] The material of the aluminum alloy wheel in Embodiment 3 is A356, and the forming process is low-pressure die casting with a metal mold. Table 1 shows the comparison effect of Embodiment 3 and the process method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles by surface shot peening. Figure 6 Shown is a schematic diagram of the physical object of the aluminum alloy wheel of a new energy vehicle prepared in Embodiment 3.

[0169] Table 1 Comparison effect of Embodiment 3 and the process method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles by surface shot peening

[0170]

[0171] Embodiment 4

[0172] This embodiment provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The method is based on the ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in Embodiment 1.

[0173] Among them, the output power of the spoke strengthening power supply system 7 is 3200 W; the material of the spoke strengthening transducer 8 is piezoelectric ceramic, the maximum pre-tightening force is 800 N, the material of the front cover plate is stainless steel, the material of the rear cover plate is tungsten alloy, and the cooling method is water cooling; the composition of the water-based coolant includes 6.0% (mass fraction, the same below) of polysiloxane, 1.8% of polyoxypropylene polymer (Polyalkylene Glycol), 0.30% of borate ester, 0.45% of organic amine, 0.5% of sulfurized fatty acid, 0.55% of triethanolamine, 0.25% of isothiazolinone, and the balance is pure water.

[0174] The output power of the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is 2400 W; the material of the rim strengthening transducer 18 is piezoelectric ceramic, the maximum pre-tightening force is 600 N, the material of the front cover plate is titanium alloy, the material of the rear cover plate is alloy steel, the cooling method is air cooling, and the air cooling flow rate is 95 L·min -1 .

[0175] The structure of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is stepped. The impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is spherical, the spherical radius is 3.5 mm, the material is tungsten carbide hard alloy, the cobalt element content in the tungsten carbide hard alloy is 10%, the surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 95 HRA, the number is 25, and the working mode is multi-point mode impact. The vibration frequency of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is 35 kHz, the impact pressure is 180 N, the single-point impact time is 1.2 s, and the moving speed is 0.40 mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 50%, and the duty cycle is 100%. The amplitude of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is 45 μm.

[0176] The structure of the rim strengthening horn 17 is exponential. The impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is roller-shaped, the roller radius is 2.5 mm, the material is titanium carbide hard alloy, the molybdenum element content in the titanium carbide hard alloy is 6%, the surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 105 HRA, the number is 30, and the working mode is multi-point mode impact. The vibration frequency of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is 50 kHz, the impact pressure is 300 N, the single-point impact time is 0.4 s, and the moving speed is 0.25 mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 70%, and the duty cycle is 90%. The amplitude of the rim strengthening horn 17 is 50 μm.

[0177] The method is an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles based on that described in Embodiment 2; specifically: an electromagnetic induction with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.6T is applied to the magnetic fastening device 28 of the central hole of the aluminum alloy wheel to achieve the positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel 27. The rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the wheel spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel is 2000 r·min -1 , and the ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment time of the wheel spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is 5 min; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the wheel spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel is completed, the displacement drive motor 4 of the wheel spoke strengthening support rod is started to move the wheel spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a position 250 mm above the top surface of the aluminum alloy wheel 27. The rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the wheel rim of the aluminum alloy wheel is 1200 r·min -1 , and the ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment time of the wheel rim of the aluminum alloy wheel 27 is 4 min; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the wheel rim of the aluminum alloy wheel is completed, the displacement drive motor 20 of the wheel rim strengthening support rod is started to move the wheel rim strengthening impact gun 16 to a position 150 mm horizontally from the side surface of the aluminum alloy wheel 27.

[0178] The material of the aluminum alloy wheel in Embodiment 4 is A356, and the forming process is precision spin forming. Table 2 shows the comparison effect between Embodiment 4 and the process method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles by laser shock strengthening. Figure 7 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the physical object of the new energy vehicle wheel in Embodiment 4.

[0179] Table 2 Comparison effect between Embodiment 4 and the process method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles by laser shock strengthening

[0180]

[0181] Embodiment 5

[0182] This embodiment provides an ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles. The method is based on the ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels of new energy vehicles described in Embodiment 1;

[0183] Among them, the output power of the wheel spoke strengthening power supply system 7 is 400 W; the material of the wheel spoke strengthening transducer 8 is piezoelectric ceramics, the maximum pre-tightening force is 100 N, the front cover plate is made of stainless steel, the rear cover plate is made of tungsten alloy, and the cooling method is water cooling; the composition of the water-based coolant includes 5.2% (mass fraction, the same below) of polysiloxane, 1.2% of polyoxypropylene polymer (Polyalkylene Glycol), 0.15% of borate ester, 0.25% of organic amine, 0.4% of sulfonated fatty acid, 0.35% of triethanolamine, 0.12% of isothiazolinone, and the balance is pure water.

[0184] The output power of the rim strengthening power supply system 19 is 500 W; the material of the rim strengthening transducer 18 is piezoelectric ceramics, the maximum pre-tightening force is 200 N, the material of the front cover plate is titanium alloy, the material of the rear cover plate is alloy steel, the cooling method is air cooling, and the air cooling flow rate is 50 L·min -1 。

[0185] The structure of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is stepped, the impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is spherical, the spherical radius is 2.0 mm, the material is tungsten carbide hard alloy, the cobalt element content in the tungsten carbide hard alloy is 5%, the surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 85 HRA, the number is 18, and the working mode is multi-point die impact. The vibration frequency of the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 is 20 kHz, the impact pressure is 60 N, the single-point impact time is 0.5 s, and the moving speed is 0.25 mm·s -1 ,The path planning overlap rate is 20%, and the duty cycle is 50%. The amplitude of the spoke strengthening horn 9 is 15 μm.

[0186] The structure of the rim strengthening horn 17 is exponential, the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is roller-shaped, the roller radius is 1.5 mm, the material is titanium carbide hard alloy, the molybdenum element content in the titanium carbide hard alloy is 2%, the surface of the impact head is physically vapor deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 95 HRA, the number is 20, and the working mode is multi-point die impact. The vibration frequency of the rim strengthening impact gun 16 is 35 Hz, the impact pressure is 120 N, the single-point impact time is 0.1 s, and the moving speed is 0.15 mm·s -1 ,The path planning overlap rate is 30%, and the duty cycle is 60%. The amplitude of the rim strengthening horn 17 is 25 μm.

[0187] The method is the ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving the fatigue strength of the aluminum alloy wheel hub of a new energy vehicle based on the embodiment 2; specifically: applying electromagnetic induction with a magnetic induction intensity of 0.6 T to the magnetic fastening device 28 of the central hole of the aluminum alloy wheel hub to realize the positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27. The rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the spoke of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is 1200 r·min -1 ,The time for the ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment of the spoke of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 3 min; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the spoke of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is completed, the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor 4 is started to move the spoke strengthening impact gun 11 to a position 150 mm above the top surface of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27. The rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 during the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the rim of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is 500 r·min -1, the ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment time of the rim of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27 is 2 minutes; after the ultrasonic impact strengthening step of the rim of the aluminum alloy wheel hub ends, start the displacement drive motor 20 of the rim strengthening support rod to move the rim strengthening impact gun 16 to a position with a horizontal distance of 100 mm from the side of the aluminum alloy wheel hub 27.

[0188] The material of the aluminum alloy wheel hub in Example 5 is A357, and the forming process is low-pressure die casting with a metal mold. Table 3 shows the comparison effects of Example 5 with the process methods for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs for new energy vehicles by surface shot peening and laser shock peening. Figure 8 Shown is a schematic diagram of the physical object of the wheel hub of a new energy vehicle in Example 5.

[0189] Table 3 Comparison effects of Example 5 with the process methods for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs for new energy vehicles by surface shot peening and laser shock peening

[0190]

[0191] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving the fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheels for new energy vehicles, characterized in that: The device comprises an equipment base, a spoke strengthening unit, a rim strengthening unit and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit; The spoke strengthening unit includes a spoke strengthening support rod, a spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner, a spoke strengthening left and right displacement support rod, and a spoke strengthening structural member; The spoke reinforcement support rod is connected to the equipment base; the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement support rod is connected to the spoke reinforcement support rod; the spoke reinforcement support rod displacement drive motor is arranged at the rear end of the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement support rod; the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement positioner is connected to the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement support rod; the spoke reinforcement structural member is connected to the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement support rod through the spoke reinforcement left and right displacement positioner; the spoke reinforcement structural member is used to realize ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spoke area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel hub; The rim strengthening unit comprises a rim strengthening structural member, a rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor, a rim strengthening support rod, a displacement amplitude modulator and a displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture; The displacement modulator is connected to the equipment base; the displacement modulator clamp is located above the displacement modulator and connects the rim reinforcement structure and the displacement modulator; The rim strengthening support rod is connected to the equipment base; one end of the rim strengthening support rod is connected to the rim strengthening support rod displacement driving motor, and the other end is connected to the rim strengthening structural member; the rim strengthening structural member is used to realize ultrasonic impact strengthening of the rim area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel hub; The aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing unit includes a differential support seat, a differential, a differential speed regulating drive shaft and an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure; The differential support seat is connected to the equipment base, and the differential support seat is connected to the differential speed regulating drive shaft through the differential; an aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure is arranged above the differential speed regulating drive shaft; The spoke strengthening structural component includes a spoke strengthening power supply system, a spoke strengthening transducer, a spoke strengthening amplitude rod, a spoke strengthening angle adjuster and a spoke strengthening impact gun; The spoke strengthening transducer is connected to the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioner through the spoke strengthening power supply system, the spoke strengthening angle adjuster is connected to the spoke strengthening transducer through the spoke strengthening amplitude rod, and the spoke strengthening impact gun is connected to the spoke strengthening angle adjuster; The rim strengthening structural component includes a rim strengthening impact gun, a rim strengthening horn, a rim strengthening transducer and a rim strengthening power supply system; The rim strengthening power supply system is connected to the rim strengthening support rod, the rim strengthening amplitude rod is connected to the rim strengthening power supply system through the rim strengthening transducer, and the rim strengthening impact gun is connected to the rim strengthening amplitude rod; The impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun is spherical, and the radius of the spherical head is 2.0mm-3.5mm; the surface of the impact head of the spoke strengthening impact gun is physically vapor-deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, and the hardness is 85HRA-95HRA; the number of impact heads of the spoke strengthening impact gun is 18-25, and the working mode is multi-point mold impact; The spoke reinforcement impact gun has a vibration frequency of 20kHz-35kHz, an impact pressure of 60N-180N, a single-point impact time of 0.5s-1.2s, and a moving speed of 0.25mm·s -1 -0.40mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 20%-50%, and the duty cycle is 50%-100%; The impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun is roller-shaped, and the radius of the roller is 1.5mm-2.5mm; the surface of the impact head of the rim strengthening impact gun is physically vapor-deposited with TiAlN ceramic coating, the hardness is 95HRA-105HRA, the number is 20-30, and the working mode is multi-point mold impact; The vibration frequency of the rim strengthening impact gun is 35Hz-50kHz, the impact pressure is 120N-300N, the single point impact time is 0.1s-0.4s, and the moving speed is 0.15mm·s -1 -0.25mm·s -1 , the path planning overlap rate is 30%-70%, and the duty cycle is 60%-90%.

2. The ultrasonic impact strengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distance of the up-and-down displacement of the spoke reinforcement left-and-right displacement support rod in the vertical direction is 100mm-400mm; the distance of the left-and-right displacement of the spoke reinforcement structural member in the horizontal direction is 50mm-950mm; the displacement modulator can make the rim reinforcement structural member displace up-and-down in the vertical direction by 40mm-320mm; the rim reinforcement support rod displacement drive motor can make the rim reinforcement structural member displace up-and-down in the vertical direction by 50mm-750mm; the rim reinforcement support rod displacement drive motor can make the rim reinforcement structural member displace left-and-right in the horizontal direction by 20mm-80mm.

3. The ultrasonic impact strengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spoke reinforcement horn has a stepped structure; the amplitude of the spoke reinforcement horn is 15 μm-45 μm; The structure of the rim strengthening amplitude transformer is exponential; the amplitude of the rim strengthening amplitude transformer is 25 μm-50 μm.

4. The ultrasonic impact strengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The displacement amplitude modulator clamping fixture is used to connect the rim strengthening impact gun and the displacement amplitude modulator in the rim strengthening structural member.

5. The ultrasonic impact strengthening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aluminum alloy wheel hub fixing structure comprises an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base, an aluminum alloy wheel hub and an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener; The aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base is arranged above the differential speed regulating drive shaft; the aluminum alloy wheel hub is placed above the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base, and an aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener is arranged above the aluminum alloy wheel hub; the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener applies magnetic force through electromagnetic induction to realize the aluminum alloy wheel hub being tightly positioned by the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base.

6. An ultrasonic impact strengthening method for improving fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs for new energy vehicles, the method is based on the ultrasonic impact strengthening device for improving fatigue strength of aluminum alloy wheel hubs for new energy vehicles according to any one of claims 1 to 5; the method comprises the following steps: (i) Positioning and installing the aluminum alloy wheel hub: installing the aluminum alloy wheel hub on the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base, installing the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener above the aluminum alloy wheel hub; applying electromagnetic induction to the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener to achieve positioning of the aluminum alloy wheel hub; (ii) Ultrasonic impact strengthening of the spokes of the aluminum alloy wheel hub: start the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor and the spoke strengthening left and right displacement positioners, and adjust the position of the spoke strengthening impact gun; start the differential, and drive the aluminum alloy wheel hub to rotate through the differential speed control drive shaft, the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole positioning support base and the aluminum alloy wheel hub center hole magnetic fastener; turn on the spoke strengthening impact gun to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the spoke area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel hub; (iii) Ultrasonic impact strengthening of aluminum alloy wheel rims: Start the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor and displacement modulator, and adjust the position of the rim strengthening impact gun; start the differential, and drive the aluminum alloy wheel to rotate through the differential speed control drive shaft, the aluminum alloy wheel center hole positioning support base and the aluminum alloy wheel center hole magnetic fastener; turn on the rim strengthening impact gun to perform ultrasonic impact strengthening on the rim area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel.

7. The ultrasonic impact strengthening method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After the aluminum alloy wheel hub spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening step in step (ii) is completed, the following steps are further included: Turn off the spoke strengthening impact gun and the differential; start the spoke strengthening support rod displacement drive motor to move the spoke strengthening impact gun to the outside of the top surface area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel hub; After the aluminum alloy wheel hub spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening step in step (iii) is completed, the following steps are further included: Turn off the rim strengthening impact gun and the differential; start the rim strengthening support rod displacement drive motor to move the rim strengthening impact gun to the outside of the side area of ​​the aluminum alloy wheel hub; In step (ii), the rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is 1200 r·min -1 -2000r·min -1 The time of the wheel spoke ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 3min-5min; In step (iii), the rotation speed of the aluminum alloy wheel hub is 500 r·min -1 -1200r·min -1 The time for the rim ultrasonic impact strengthening treatment is 2min-4min.

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