Modular multi-stage intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and arrangement method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of marine construction engineering, and particularly relates to a modular multi-stage intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and a laying method thereof. The ecological revetment concrete block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5 cm-10 cm on the surface, and the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, so that the surface area and the attachment points are increased. The surface concave-convex degree of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within a range of plus or minus 5 cm, so that the anti-skid performance is improved, the water flow turbulence is increased, and the oxygen exchange is promoted. By simulating the ecological gradient of the natural intertidal zone, a suitable growth and reproduction environment is provided for marine organisms, and the balance and service function of the marine ecological system are maintained.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of marine construction engineering, in particular to a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and a laying method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the increasing development activities in the coastal zone, the traditional artificial seawall design gradually exposes its adverse effects on the marine ecological environment. These designs often only focus on flood control, tide prevention and other engineering functions, while ignoring the damage of seawalls to the biodiversity of the intertidal zone and the service functions of the marine ecosystem. As the special area between the sea and the land, the intertidal zone has rich biodiversity and important ecological service functions, and is the key area for marine organisms to inhabit, reproduce and migrate. However, the construction of traditional seawalls often leads to the reduction of intertidal area and the destruction of biological habitat, thereby causing the decline of marine biodiversity and the degradation of ecosystem service functions.

[0003] In order to cope with this challenge, ecological revetment technology emerges as the times require. Ecological revetment aims to simulate the ecological functions of natural coastlines to provide suitable habitats for marine organisms, while taking into account the engineering protection function. However, the existing ecological revetment technology mostly uses single type of ecological structure, such as vegetation revetment, ecological bag, etc. These structures have limitations in providing ecological functions and are difficult to adapt to the needs of different coastline conditions and ecological environment. In addition, the arrangement method of these ecological structures often lacks scientificity and systematicness, resulting in unsatisfactory overall effect of ecological revetment. Therefore, it is particularly important to develop a new type of ecological revetment structure that can meet the requirements of engineering protection, take into account marine ecological protection, and adapt to different coastline conditions.

[0004] Under this background, the present application proposes a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and a laying method thereof, which aims to build a flexible and varied ecological revetment system with rich ecological functions, and provides a new effective way for coastal zone ecological protection and restoration through modular design idea and multi-level arrangement strategy. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block and a laying method thereof.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] The present application discloses a modular multi-level intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block in the first aspect, the surface of the ecological revetment concrete block is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm, the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, the surface area and the attachment point are increased;

[0008] The surface concave-convex degree of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the range of ±5cm, the anti-skid performance is improved, the water flow turbulence is increased, and oxygen exchange is promoted.

[0009] The three layers of support bodies in the ecological revetment concrete block are as follows: the outermost layer of support body is a 50mm-70mm thick concrete wall body, the height of which is 100-150mm lower than the overall height of the block body, the middle layer of support body is 50-60mm thick, the height of which is 100-150mm lower than the height of the outermost layer of support body, and the innermost layer of support body is a 500mm*500mm cubic column; each side of the support bodies in the ecological revetment concrete block is provided with a cavity body.

[0010] Preferably, the ecological revetment concrete block is a cubic structure.

[0011] Preferably, the cavity body is 50mm*50mm in size, which is used to reduce the amount of concrete used in the block body and promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and form a wave-damping effect; the outermost layer of cavity is arranged at the corner of the outermost layer of support body, and one cavity is arranged in each direction of the support body; the middle layer of cavity is arranged at the middle position of the four sides of the middle layer of support body, so that the middle layer of support body is divided into a 4C shape, and the height of the cavity is consistent with the height of the support body; the support bodies and the cavities form channels and internal water flow passages, and the connectivity of the biological habitat is enhanced.

[0012] Preferably, the alkalinity of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the range of pH 9-10.

[0013] Preferably, the water permeability coefficient of the material of the ecological revetment concrete block is not less than 0.1cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01cm / s, which promotes the formation of biological membranes and the flow of oxygen. 3 / cm 2 ·s, promotes the formation of biological membranes and the flow of oxygen.

[0014] The second aspect of the present application discloses a method for arranging a modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete block, which is applied to any one of the modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks and comprises the following steps:

[0015] The vertical level arrangement is based on the dynamic adaptation of the intertidal water level gradient and the biological habitat demand; wherein the ecological revetment concrete block is arranged in the high tide area to attract the organisms that prefer to be sheltered and complex habitats; and the natural rock-shaped block body is arranged in the low tide area to simulate the natural ecological environment.

[0016] In the arrangement process, the gaps and connection modes between the block bodies are ensured to promote the water flow and biological migration; meanwhile, the hierarchical and staggered arrangement mode is adopted in the overall layout to form a coherent ecological system.

[0017] According to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides, and wind speed, the arrangement of the blocks is adaptively adjusted;

[0018] A monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and the arrangement of the blocks is timely adjusted and optimized according to the monitoring results.

[0019] Preferably, the vertical hierarchical arrangement is dynamically adapted based on the intertidal water level gradient and the biological habitat requirements, specifically:

[0020] Water level data of at least one complete tidal cycle in the target area is collected, the critical elevation values of high tide level and low tide level are determined through water level frequency analysis, and then the intertidal zone is divided into N vertical levels;

[0021] When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, the equal elevation method is used to establish the level boundary, and when the tidal range is ≤3 meters, a non-uniform layering model is established according to the measured distribution data of biological habitat zones;

[0022] A biological preference database is established for each level, and when the benthic biodiversity index in the level is lower than the threshold value α, the modular block type selection mechanism is triggered: in the high tide level area, deploy cube modules with holes, the internal cavity network forms a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15 cm, and through the height difference of the support body, a multi-level platform structure is constructed to meet the vertical migration needs of crab and shellfish; In the low tide level area, natural reef-shaped blocks are generated using a fluid mechanics optimization algorithm, with a surface curvature radius controlled within 0.2-1.5m, so that the block surface flow velocity gradient is within ±15% error range of the natural reef area;

[0023] Based on the average flow rate v and water turbidity T in the level, a correction function of gap width W is constructed: when v>0.8m / s, W=10+0.5(T-30)cm, and at the same time, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks, to ensure that the angle θ between the center line of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming an interlaced energy dissipation structure;

[0024] When fish migration channels are detected, a continuous gap channel is generated that penetrates through 3 or more levels, with a cross-sectional area of S=0.2H 2 Gradual design is performed to realize the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; where H is the channel height.

[0025] Preferably, during the arrangement process, the gaps and connection methods between the blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, a hierarchical and staggered arrangement is adopted in the overall layout to form a coherent ecological system, specifically:

[0026] Real-time flow velocity distribution data is obtained by deploying underwater flow velocity sensors. When the average flow velocity v in a local area is monitored to be greater than 1.2 m / s, a gap width compensation mechanism is started: a formula W = 10 + 0.3(v-1.2) is used 2 The gap width W is dynamically adjusted according to the flow velocity v; wherein W is the gap width;

[0027] Meanwhile, based on the tracking data of biological migration paths, the gap in the area where the migration channel is located is directionally widened: when fish cluster activities are detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20 cm, and artificial seaweed bundles are implanted in the gap to build a temporary guiding channel;

[0028] A Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional space grid with block center points as nodes, and the constraint conditions include: the projection overlap rate of adjacent layers is less than or equal to 30%; the vertical direction layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H = 1.5h ± 10%; the block long axis direction and the main flow direction angle θ need to satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°;

[0029] When the angle β between the tidal direction and the prevailing wind direction is greater than 45°, a double flow direction optimization mode is started, two groups of staggered arrangement schemes are generated, and the staggered arrangement scheme with vortex intensity reduced by more than 15% is selected through fluid simulation;

[0030] A block network connectivity model is constructed using graph theory algorithm. When it is detected that the shortest path between any two ecological units exceeds 3 block spacings, a jump board type transition module is automatically inserted: the surface of the module is provided with a stepped groove with a width of 20 cm, the groove is filled with oyster shell matrix, and the stress transfer efficiency is verified to be greater than or equal to 85% through finite element analysis;

[0031] For a straight line segment arranged continuously for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and the turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α = 30° + 0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; wherein L is the length of the arranged straight line segment.

[0032] Preferably, according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides, and wind speed, the arrangement of the blocks is adaptively adjusted, specifically:

[0033] The environmental pressure index EPI = 0.4 × (W s / 15) 2 + 0.3 × (V t / 2) 1.5 + 0.3 is obtained; wherein W s is the wind speed; V t is the rising and falling tide rate;

[0034] When EPI > 1.2, the dynamic weight algorithm is used to adjust the mass of the block foundation: in the area where the wind speed W_s > 15 m / s, the block bottom is embedded with detachable weight modules; when the tidal rate > 2 m / s, the density compensation mechanism is started, the block arrangement spacing is compressed to 80% of the design value, and the hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the overall integrity of the structure;

[0035] When the nitrogen-phosphorus concentration ratio N / P > 16 and the substrate particle size D 50 <0.2mm, Kandelia ocellata seedlings are planted in the planting groove on the surface of the block, and the root system of the seedlings is fixed by biological adhesive; when the endangered species activity track is detected, a biomimetic channel is erected between adjacent blocks, the surface of the channel is provided with intertidal rock texture, and the inclination angle α of the channel is optimized through fluid simulation to reduce the flow rate to 0.3-0.5 m / s;

[0036] When the water quality index COD of the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for 3 consecutive days, the micropore activation program is started: the internal pore of the block is dredged by the built-in high-pressure water jet system, so that the permeability coefficient is increased to 0.15-0.2 cm / s;

[0037] During the typhoon warning period, the anti-wave optimization mode is automatically activated: the long axis direction of the block is adjusted to be staggered with the wave direction at 55°±5°, and the vortex energy dissipation rate is verified by computational fluid dynamics to be ≥65%, forming a hierarchical energy dissipation protection system.

[0038] Preferably, a monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and timely adjust and optimize the block arrangement according to the monitoring results, specifically:

[0039] A three-dimensional monitoring system is established by deploying an underwater sonar array, a biological sensor network and a structure strain gauge to collect three types of core indicators, including biomass density, block displacement and permeability coefficient decay rate, in real time;

[0040] When any indicator is monitored to be out of the threshold range for 3 consecutive months, the data cross-validation program is started: the image features of the attached organisms on the surface of the block are extracted by convolutional neural network, a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupling map is constructed by combining hydrodynamic sensor data, and the spatial distribution characteristics of the abnormal area are identified;

[0041] A dual evaluation system of ecological function index EFI and engineering performance index EPI is established: when EFI decreases to 70% of the initial value, a transition module with artificial reef cavity is inserted at the key node based on the biological migration thermodynamic map, and salt-tolerant vegetation is pre-planted on the surface of the transition module;

[0042] When the EPI is less than 80% of the design value, the structure reinforcement mode is activated, the block space topology relationship is reconstructed by laser scanning technology, the anchor reinforcement is implemented for the block with displacement accumulation exceeding 50mm, and the adjacent void is filled with basalt fiber reinforced concrete;

[0043] A knowledge graph library containing historical maintenance data is constructed, when it is detected that the number of annual repeated maintenance at the same location is greater than or equal to 2 times, the block with a biological adhesion rate in the current layout is reserved as a high-quality gene, and the space coordinates are forced to be reserved when the arrangement matrix is regenerated, and the vortex energy dissipation rate of the new scheme is verified to be increased by more than 10% through Monte Carlo simulation, and the self-learning update is implemented after each flood season, and the feature parameters of the successful maintenance cases are converted into new constraint conditions and injected into the optimization model, forming a closed-loop iterative optimization system.

[0044] A three-level early warning mechanism is established: when the local area biomass week-on-week decrease is 20%, the blue warning is started, and artificial propagation is released; when the monthly cumulative displacement exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, the orange warning is triggered, and the unmanned aerial vehicle cluster is used for precise grouting reinforcement; when the permeability coefficient decays to 60% of the design value and is accompanied by a 30% increase in turbidity, the red warning is started, and the modular replacement device is used for in-situ replacement, ensuring continuous system function without interruption.

[0045] The present application solves the technical defects in the background art, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0046] (1) Ecological benefit application value effect

[0047] Firstly, through modular design and multi-level structure arrangement, diversified habitats and ecological niches are provided for marine organisms, significantly increasing the biodiversity of intertidal zones. This design helps to restore and protect the intertidal ecosystem, maintaining the continuity and stability of the biological community. Secondly, the use of ecologically compatible materials reduces the potential harm to marine organisms, promotes the formation of biological membranes and oxygen flow, further enhancing the stability and self-recovery ability of the ecological system. Finally, by simulating the ecological gradient of natural intertidal zones, suitable growth and reproduction environments are provided for marine organisms, which helps to maintain the balance and service functions of the marine ecosystem, such as water purification and carbon sink. The application value of these ecological benefits not only lies in the protection of the marine ecological environment, but also provides a strong guarantee for the sustainable utilization of marine resources.

[0048] (2) Engineering benefit application value effect

[0049] Firstly, the modular design makes the concrete blocks easy to manufacture, transport and install, significantly reducing the construction difficulty and cost. At the same time, the interchangeability and flexible combination between the modules provide convenience for engineering adjustment and maintenance, improving the engineering efficiency. Secondly, the multi-level structure arrangement strategy can be adjusted adaptively according to the specific environmental conditions of the intertidal zone, enhancing the stability and durability of the ecological revetment system. In addition, the internal cavity and channel design in the invention reduces the amount of block concrete, while promoting water circulation and wave dissipation effect, improving the engineering protection performance. The application value of these engineering benefits makes the patent have wide applicability and competitiveness in coastal protection engineering, providing a more economical, efficient and sustainable solution for coastal protection engineering. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0050] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of embodiments can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0051] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the 4C block;

[0052] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the 4C block;

[0053] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the simplified version of the 4C block;

[0054] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the simplified version of the 4C block;

[0055] Figure 5 It is a revetment arrangement effect diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings of embodiments can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0057] In the following description, many specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application, however, the present application can also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein, therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0058] As Figures 1-4As shown, the first aspect of the present application discloses a modular multi-stage intertidal zone ecological revetment concrete block, the surface of which is designed with holes with a diameter of 5-10 cm, and the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, increasing the surface area and attachment points.

[0059] The surface of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within ±5 cm in terms of concave-convex degree, improving the anti-skid performance, while increasing the water flow turbulence and promoting oxygen exchange.

[0060] The ecological revetment concrete block has three layers of support bodies inside, the outermost support body is a 50-70 mm thick concrete wall, the height of which is 100-150 mm lower than the overall height of the block, the middle layer support has a thickness of 50-60 mm, and the height is 100-150 mm lower than the height of the outermost support body, and the innermost support body is a 500 mm x 500 mm cubic column; each edge of the internal support of the ecological revetment concrete block is provided with a through cavity.

[0061] Preferably, the ecological revetment concrete block is a cubic structure, and the length, width and height can all be 1 meter (which can be adjusted according to actual engineering needs), ensuring the interchangeability and combination flexibility between modules. The modules are closely arranged and connected to ensure the overall stability of the structure.

[0062] Preferably, the cavity size is 50 mm x 50 mm, which is used to reduce the amount of concrete used in the block and promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and form a wave-damping effect; the outermost cavities are arranged at the corners of the outermost support body at 100 mm, and one cavity is arranged in each direction of the support body, and the middle layer cavities are arranged at the middle positions of the four edges of the middle layer support, dividing the middle layer support into 4C shapes (4 similar "C"s), and the cavity height is consistent with the support body height; the support body and the support body, and the cavity and the support body form a channel, an internal water flow passage, and enhance the connectivity of the biological habitat environment.

[0063] Preferably, the alkalinity of the ecological revetment concrete block is controlled within the pH value range of 9-10, which is much lower than the pH value of 13 of ordinary concrete, reducing the potential harm to marine organisms.

[0064] Preferably, the material permeability coefficient of the ecological revetment concrete block is not less than 0.1 cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01 cm 3 / cm 2 ·s, promoting the formation of biological membranes and oxygen flow.

[0065] In summary, the concrete block in the present application is an innovative ecological revetment component. Its core lies in the comprehensive application of modular design, multi-level structure, complex surface, internal cavity and channel, and ecologically compatible materials, aiming to create a comprehensive ecological revetment system that not only has engineering protection functions, but also promotes the habitat of marine organisms and the stability of the ecological system.

[0066] (1) Modular design

[0067] Each concrete block serves as an independent module, not only having a standardized size (such as 1m x 1m x 1m, which can be adjusted according to actual needs), but also having specific structure and function. This design greatly facilitates the individual manufacturing, transportation, installation and later maintenance of the blocks, significantly reducing construction difficulty and cost. At the same time, through the close arrangement and specific connection method between modules, different forms and scales of ecological revetment systems can be flexibly combined to adapt to various coastal environments and engineering needs. In addition, the interchangeability between modules ensures the convenience and efficiency of the ecological revetment system when expanding or adjusting.

[0068] (2) Multi-level structure design

[0069] The blocks are scientifically divided into 3-5 levels in the vertical direction, with a height difference of 0.2-0.3m between different blocks in each level, and an overall slope design of 1:3 to 1:5 to simulate the ecological gradient of natural intertidal zone. This multi-level structure not only provides multi-level and multi-type habitat space and ecological niche for marine organisms, but also optimizes water flow dynamics, promoting the stability and diversity of the biological habitat environment. Each level is adjusted according to water level changes to ensure the adaptability and functionality of the ecological revetment system under different tidal conditions.

[0070] (3) Complex surface structure

[0071] The block surface is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm, a hole density of 10-50 per square meter, and a concave-convex degree within ±5cm. This complex porous and concave-convex structure significantly increases the surface area and roughness of the block, providing abundant attachment points and habitat space for marine organisms. At the same time, this structure is also conducive to the growth and reproduction of microorganisms, promoting the formation of biofilm and oxygen flow, further enhancing the stability and biodiversity of the ecological system.

[0072] (4) Internal cavity and channel

[0073] The cavities and channels are ingeniously arranged inside the blocks, with dimensions of length x width = 50 mm x 50 mm, which reduces the amount of concrete used and promotes water circulation. These cavities and channels form a miniature ecosystem, providing a safe habitat for small marine organisms and promoting water exchange and nutrient cycling. In addition, the arrangement of cavities and channels also helps to form turbulence and wave-breaking effects, enhancing the protective performance of the ecological revetment system.

[0074] (5) Ecologically compatible materials

[0075] The blocks are made of specially formulated concrete materials with low alkalinity (pH value controlled within the range of 9-10) and high ecological compatibility. This material significantly reduces the potential harm to marine organisms, providing a more suitable environment for the growth and habitat of marine organisms. At the same time, the water-permeable and air-permeable properties of the material also promote the formation of biological membranes and oxygen flow, further enhancing the stability and biodiversity of the ecosystem.

[0076] As shown in Figure 5 , the second aspect of the present application discloses a method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks, which is applied to any one of the modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks, comprising the following steps:

[0077] Vertical level arrangement based on dynamic adaptation of intertidal water level gradient and biological habitat demand; wherein the ecological revetment concrete blocks are arranged in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer sheltered and complex habitats; natural rock-shaped blocks are arranged in the low tide area to simulate natural ecological environment;

[0078] It should be noted that according to the water level change and ecological environment characteristics of the intertidal zone, the ecological concrete blocks are arranged in multiple levels in the vertical direction. Different types of blocks are arranged in each level, such as blocks with large surface area and complex internal structure in the high tide area to attract organisms that prefer sheltered and complex habitats; natural rock-shaped blocks in the low tide area to simulate natural ecological environment. This multi-level arrangement strategy forms a diversified ecological environment, providing sufficient habitat space and foraging opportunities for marine organisms.

[0079] During the arrangement process, ensure the gap between the blocks (average width not less than 10 cm) and the connection method (adopting a staggered strategy), promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, adopt layered and staggered arrangement in the overall layout, forming a coherent ecological system; this design helps to maintain the continuity of the biological community and the overall stability of the ecological system.

[0080] According to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides, and wind speed, the arrangement of the blocks is adapted; for example, in areas with strong winds and waves, the stability and erosion resistance of the blocks are increased; in ecologically sensitive areas, vegetation coverage and biodiversity protection measures are increased; such environmental adaptability ensures the stability and functionality of the ecological revetment system under different environmental conditions.

[0081] A monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and timely adjustments and optimizations are made to the block arrangement based on the monitoring results.

[0082] It should be noted that a long-term monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system. Through measures such as cleaning of attached objects and replenishment of vegetation, the health and stability of the ecological system are ensured. At the same time, timely adjustments and optimizations are made to the block arrangement based on the monitoring results to ensure that it always meets the ecological principles and meets the needs of ecological protection. This monitoring and maintenance mechanism helps to maintain the long-term benefits and sustainability of the ecological revetment system.

[0083] It should be noted that in high-tide areas, blocks with large surface areas and complex internal structures may be deployed to attract organisms that prefer sheltered and complex habitats; in low-tide areas, blocks that are closer to natural reef morphology may be used to simulate natural ecological environments.

[0084] In terms of arrangement, a staggered strategy is adopted. This means that blocks are not simply arranged in straight lines or evenly spaced, but are carefully arranged according to tidal changes, water flow speed, and biological activity habits. In this way, the total surface area of blocks per square meter of coastline is not less than 2 square meters, providing sufficient habitat space for marine organisms. This arrangement also helps to reduce the impact of blocks on intertidal water flow, maintaining the natural flow state of water. In addition, the influence of water flow direction and speed on block arrangement is fully considered. In order to ensure smooth exchange of water flow and natural circulation of matter, the average width of block gaps is not less than 10 cm. This size allows water to flow smoothly, while avoiding the problem of block stability caused by excessively large gaps. In the overall layout, blocks are arranged in layers and staggered. Large surface area and complex structure blocks are deployed in high-tide areas to form stable habitat platforms; the middle-tide area is a transition zone with relatively sparse block arrangement; the low-tide area simulates a natural reef environment with closely spaced and diverse block arrangements. This layered arrangement not only helps to maintain the continuity of biological communities, but also enhances the overall stability of the intertidal ecosystem.

[0085] Hierarchical division: The blocks are divided into 3-5 levels vertically, with a height difference of 0.2-0.3m per level, simulating the ecological gradient of natural intertidal zones. Slope design: The overall slope of the blocks is 1:3 to 1:5, adjusted according to the water level changes of different levels to optimize water flow dynamics and biological habitat.

[0086] To increase the complexity of water flow and the diversity of biological habitat, the angle between the center lines of adjacent blocks is not less than 30 degrees. This design makes the water flow generate more vortex and turbulence when passing through the gap between the blocks, thus providing more habitat and foraging opportunities for organisms.

[0087] At the same time, ecological corridors with a width of not less than 2 meters are reserved. These corridors serve as channels for biological migration and material exchange, which are of great significance to maintaining the connectivity and stability of the intertidal ecosystem. They allow organisms in different ecological niches to communicate and interact, promoting the improvement of biodiversity. To ensure the continuous effectiveness of ecological optimization, regular monitoring and adjustment mechanisms will be implemented. By monitoring key indicators such as biodiversity, biomass, and water flow velocity, the impact of block arrangement on the intertidal ecosystem can be understood in a timely manner. Based on the monitoring results, the block arrangement will be adjusted and optimized in a timely manner to ensure that it always meets the ecological principles and the needs of ecological protection.

[0088] Preferably, the vertical level arrangement based on the dynamic adaptation of intertidal water level gradient and biological habitat demand is as follows:

[0089] Collect water level data of the target area for at least one complete tidal cycle, determine the critical elevation values of high tide level (>90% submergence frequency) and low tide level (<10% submergence frequency) through water level frequency analysis, and then divide the intertidal zone into N vertical levels (N≥3);

[0090] When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, use the equal elevation method to establish the level boundary, and when the tidal range is ≤3 meters, establish a non-uniform layering model according to the measured distribution data of biological habitat zone;

[0091] For each level, establish a biological preference database. When the benthic biodiversity index in the level is lower than the threshold value α (α = 0.6), trigger the modular block type selection mechanism: deploy cube modules with holes in the high tide area (submergence time <4h / d), the internal cavity network forms a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15cm, and through the height difference of the support body, a multi-level platform structure is constructed to meet the vertical migration needs of crabs and shellfish; in the low tide area (submergence time >8h / d), use fluid mechanics optimization algorithm to generate natural reef shaped blocks, the surface curvature radius is controlled within 0.2-1.5m, so that the surface flow velocity gradient of the block is within ±15% error range of the natural reef area;

[0092] A correction function of gap width W is constructed based on the average flow velocity v within the hierarchy and the turbidity T of the water body: when v > 0.8 m / s, W = 10 + 0.5 (T - 30) cm (T unit NTU), and at the same time, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks to ensure that the angle θ between the center line of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming an interlaced energy dissipation structure;

[0093] When the fish migration channel is detected, a continuous gap channel is generated through 3 or more hierarchies, and the cross-sectional area is S = 0.2H 2 The gradual change design is implemented to realize the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; wherein, H is the channel height.

[0094] Preferably, during the arrangement process, the gap between the blocks and the connection mode are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the hierarchical and staggered arrangement is adopted on the overall layout to form a coherent ecological system, specifically:

[0095] By deploying underwater flow rate sensors to obtain real-time flow rate distribution data, when the local area average flow rate v > 1.2 m / s is monitored, the gap width compensation mechanism is started: the formula W = 10 + 0.3 (v - 1.2) 2 (unit: cm) is used to dynamically adjust the distance between adjacent blocks; wherein, W is the gap width;

[0096] At the same time, based on the biological migration path tracking data, the gap in the area where the migration channel is located is implemented directional widening: when the fish cluster activity is detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20 cm, and the artificial seaweed bundle (density ≥ 5 bundles / m 2 ) is implanted in the gap to construct a temporary guide channel;

[0097] The Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional space grid with block center points as nodes, and the constraint conditions include: the projection overlap rate of adjacent layers of blocks ≤ 30%; the vertical direction layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H = 1.5h ± 10%; the angle θ between the block long axis direction and the main flow direction needs to satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°;

[0098] When the angle β between the tidal direction and the prevailing wind direction is > 45°, the double flow direction optimization mode is started, generating two groups of staggered arrangement schemes, and through fluid simulation, the staggered arrangement scheme with vortex intensity reduced by more than 15% is selected;

[0099] A block network connectivity model is constructed using graph theory algorithm. When the shortest path between any two ecological units is detected to exceed 3 block spacings, a catwalk transition module is automatically inserted: the surface of the module is provided with a ladder-shaped groove with a width of 20 cm (depth 5-10 cm), the groove is filled with oyster shell matrix (particle size 2-5 cm), and the stress transfer efficiency is verified by finite element analysis to be ≥85%;

[0100] For a straight line segment arranged continuously for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and the turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α = 30° + 0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; wherein L is the length of the arranged straight line segment.

[0101] Preferably, according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides, and wind speed, the arrangement of the blocks is adaptively adjusted, specifically:

[0102] The environmental pressure index EPI = 0.4 × (W s / 15) 2 + 0.3 × (V t / 2) 1.5 + 0.3; wherein W s is the wind speed; V t is the rate of rising and falling tides;

[0103] When EPI > 1.2, the block foundation mass is adjusted using a dynamic weight algorithm: in the area where the wind speed W_s > 15 m / s, the block bottom is embedded with a detachable weight module; when the tidal rate > 2 m / s, the compactness compensation mechanism is started, the block arrangement spacing is compressed to 80% of the design value, and the hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the overall structure;

[0104] When the nitrogen and phosphorus concentration ratio N / P > 16 and the substrate particle size D 50 < 0.2 mm, Kandelia ocellata seedlings (density 3-5 / m 2 ) are planted in the surface planting groove (depth ≥ 15 cm) of the block, and the root system fixation module is strengthened by biological adhesive (composition: chitosan-sodium alginate composite material); when the endangered species (such as Chinese horseshoe crab) activity track is detected, a biomimetic channel (width ≥ 30 cm) is erected between adjacent blocks, the surface of the channel is provided with intertidal rock texture (roughness Ra = 50-100 μm), and the channel inclination angle α (5° ≤ α ≤ 15°) is optimized by fluid simulation to reduce the flow rate to 0.3-0.5 m / s;

[0105] When the water quality index COD at the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for 3 consecutive days, the micropore activation program is started: the internal pore of the block is dredged by the built-in high-pressure water jet system (pressure ≥ 20 MPa) to increase the permeability coefficient to 0.15-0.2 cm / s;

[0106] During typhoon warning, automatically activate the anti-wave optimization mode: adjust the long axis direction of the block to 55°±5° staggered arrangement with the wave direction, and verify the vortex energy dissipation rate ≥65% through computational fluid dynamics, forming a hierarchical energy dissipation protection system.

[0107] Preferably, a monitoring and maintenance mechanism is established to regularly evaluate and maintain the ecological function and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and timely adjust and optimize the block arrangement according to the monitoring results, specifically:

[0108] Deploy underwater sonar arrays, biological sensor networks, and structural strain gauges to form a three-dimensional monitoring system, real-time collection of biomass density, block displacement, and water permeability coefficient attenuation rate, three core indicators;

[0109] When any indicator is monitored for 3 consecutive months beyond the threshold range, start the data cross-validation procedure: extract the image features of the attached organisms on the block surface through convolutional neural networks, combine with hydrodynamic sensor data to construct a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupling atlas, and identify the spatial distribution characteristics of abnormal areas;

[0110] Establish a dual evaluation system of ecological function index EFI and engineering performance index EPI: when EFI drops to 70% of the initial value, based on the biological migration thermodynamic map, insert a transition module with artificial reef cavity (cavity volume ≥0.2m 3 ) at key nodes, with pre-planting of salt-tolerant vegetation (survival rate ≥90%) on the surface;

[0111] When EPI is lower than 80% of the design value, activate the structure strengthening mode, use laser scanning technology to reconstruct the spatial topology of the block, anchor and reinforce the blocks with cumulative displacement exceeding 50mm (anchor pullout resistance ≥200kN), and fill the adjacent voids with basalt fiber reinforced concrete (compressive strength ≥40MPa);

[0112] Build a knowledge graph database containing historical maintenance data, when detecting that the number of annual repeated maintenance at the same location is ≥2 times, retain the top 30% of blocks with biological attachment rate in the current layout as high-quality genes, and force to retain their spatial coordinates when regenerating the arrangement matrix, and verify that the new scheme improves the vortex energy dissipation rate by ≥10% through Monte Carlo simulation; After each flood season, implement self-learning update, convert the feature parameters of successful maintenance cases (including water flow angle 45°-60°, gap width 12-18cm, etc.) into new constraint conditions and inject them into the optimization model, forming a closed-loop iterative optimization system;

[0113] Establish a three-level early warning mechanism: when the local area biomass week-on-week decreases by 20%, start the blue warning, implement artificial propagation and release (density ≥50 tail / m 2); when the monthly cumulative displacement amount exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, an orange early warning is triggered, and a UAV cluster is used for precise grouting reinforcement (positioning error ≤5 cm); when the permeability coefficient decays to 60% of the design value and is accompanied by a 30% increase in turbidity, a red early warning is started, and a modular replacement device is enabled for in-situ replacement (single operation time ≤2 hours), ensuring continuous uninterrupted system function.

[0114] In several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and actual implementation can have another division manner, such as: multiple units or components can be combined, or can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displayed or discussed components can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0115] The units described above as separate components can or can not be physically separated, and the components shown as units can or can not be physical units; they can be located in one place or distributed on multiple network units; part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the embodiment scheme.

[0116] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can be a separate unit, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in the form of hardware or in the form of hardware plus software functional unit.

[0117] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the steps of the above method embodiments can be completed by program instruction related hardware, and the foregoing program can be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the program executes the steps including the above method embodiments when executed; and the foregoing storage medium includes: mobile storage device, read-only memory (ROM, Read-Only Memory), random access memory (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disk or optical disk, and various storage program codes.

[0118] Alternatively, the above-mentioned integrated unit of the present application, if realized in the form of a software function module and sold or used as an independent product, can also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on such an understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including a number of instructions to make a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the embodiments of the method of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes: mobile storage devices, ROM, RAM, magnetic disks or optical disks, and various media that can store program codes.

[0119] The above is only a specific implementation of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto, any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical range disclosed by the present application, which should be covered within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for arranging modular, multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks, characterized in that: The surface of the ecological revetment concrete blocks is designed with holes with a diameter of 5cm-10cm, and the hole density is 10-50 per square meter, which increases the surface area and attachment points. The surface unevenness of the ecological revetment concrete blocks is controlled within ±5cm to improve anti-slip performance, while increasing water turbulence and promoting oxygen exchange. The ecological revetment concrete block has three layers of support. The outermost support is a 50mm-70mm thick concrete wall, which is 100-150mm lower than the overall height of the block. The middle support is 50-60mm thick and is 100-150mm lower than the outermost support. The innermost support is a 500mm×500mm cubic column. Each side of the internal support of the ecological revetment concrete block has a continuous cavity. The arrangement method includes the following steps: The vertical hierarchical arrangement is based on the dynamic adaptation of intertidal water level gradient and the habitat needs of organisms; in the high tide area, the ecological revetment concrete blocks are arranged to attract organisms that prefer shelter and complex habitats; while in the low tide area, natural reef-shaped blocks are arranged to simulate the natural ecological environment. During the layout process, the gaps and connections between blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem. The layout of the blocks is adaptively adjusted according to the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides and wind speed. Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism to regularly assess and maintain the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and adjust and optimize the block layout in a timely manner based on the monitoring results.

2. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ecological revetment concrete blocks are cubic structures.

3. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity has dimensions of 50mm x 50mm (length x width) and is designed to reduce the amount of concrete used in the block structure, promote water circulation, generate turbulence, and create a wave-damping effect. The outermost cavity is located 100mm from the corner of the outermost support, with one cavity in each direction of the support. The middle cavity is located in the middle of the four sides of the middle support, dividing the middle support into a 4C shape. The cavity height is the same as the support height. Channels are formed between the supports and between the cavities and the supports, providing internal water flow paths and enhancing the connectivity of the biological habitat.

4. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alkalinity of the ecological revetment concrete blocks is controlled within the pH range of 9-10.

5. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that: The permeability coefficient of the ecological revetment concrete blocks is not less than 0.1 cm / s, and the air permeability coefficient is not less than 0.01 cm³ / cm²·s, which promotes biofilm formation and oxygen circulation.

6. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The vertical tiered layout, dynamically adapted to the intertidal water level gradient and the habitat requirements of organisms, is as follows: Collect water level data for at least one complete tidal cycle in the target area, determine the critical elevation values ​​of high tide and low tide through water level frequency analysis, and then divide the intertidal zone into N vertical levels. When the tidal range exceeds 3 meters, the stratification boundary is established using the equal division elevation method. When the tidal range is ≤3 meters, a non-uniform stratification model is established based on the measured distribution data of biological habitats. A biological preference database was established for each level. When the benthic biodiversity index within a level was detected to be lower than the threshold α, a modular block type selection mechanism was triggered: in the high tide area, a perforated cubic module was deployed, with its internal cavity network forming a sheltered space with a diameter of 5-15cm. A multi-level platform structure was constructed through the height difference of the support body to meet the vertical migration needs of crabs and shellfish. In the low tide area, a fluid dynamics optimization algorithm was used to generate natural reef-shaped blocks, with its surface curvature radius controlled within the range of 0.2-1.5m, so that the surface velocity gradient of the block was kept within ±15% of the error range of the natural reef area. The correction function for the gap width W is constructed based on the average flow velocity v and water turbidity T within the layer: when v>0.8m / s, W=10+0.5(T-30) cm. At the same time, the Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to optimize the spatial arrangement of the blocks, ensuring that the angle θ between the line connecting the centers of adjacent blocks and the main flow direction satisfies 30°≤θ≤60°, forming an interlaced energy dissipation structure. When a fish migration channel is detected, a continuous gap channel is generated that runs through three or more levels. The cross-sectional area of ​​the channel is designed to gradually change according to S=0.2H², so as to realize the three-dimensional construction of the biological corridor; where H is the channel height.

7. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, During the layout process, the spacing and connection methods between blocks are ensured to promote water flow and biological migration; at the same time, the overall layout adopts a layered and staggered arrangement to form a coherent ecosystem, specifically: By deploying underwater flow velocity sensors to acquire real-time flow velocity distribution data, when the average flow velocity v in a local area is detected to be greater than 1.2 m / s, a gap width compensation mechanism is activated: using the formula W = 10 + 0.3(v - 1.2). 2 The spacing between adjacent blocks is dynamically adjusted; where W is the gap width. Meanwhile, based on biological migration path tracking data, the gaps in the area where the migration channel is located are widened in a targeted manner: when fish schooling activity is detected, the gap width is expanded to 15-20cm, and artificial seaweed bundles are implanted in the gap to construct a temporary guiding channel; The Delaunay triangulation algorithm is used to construct a three-dimensional spatial mesh with the center point of the block as the node. The constraints include: the overlap rate of the projection of adjacent blocks is ≤30%; the vertical layer spacing H and the block height h satisfy H=1.5h±10%; the angle θ between the major axis of the block and the main direction must satisfy 45°≤θ≤60°. When the angle β between the tidal direction and the prevailing wind direction is greater than 45°, the dual flow direction optimization mode is activated to generate two sets of staggered arrangement schemes, and the staggered arrangement scheme with a vortex intensity reduction of more than 15% is selected through fluid simulation. A block network connectivity model was constructed using graph theory algorithms. When the shortest path between any two ecological units is detected to be more than 3 block intervals, a springboard-type transition module was automatically inserted. The surface of this module is provided with a stepped groove with a width of 20cm, and the groove is filled with oyster shell matrix. The stress transfer efficiency was verified to be ≥85% through finite element analysis. For a straight section that is continuously arranged for more than 50 meters, a Z-shaped turning unit is forcibly inserted, and the turning angle is dynamically adjusted according to α=30°+0.5L to ensure the formation of an asymmetric flow field structure; where L is the length of the arranged straight section.

8. The method for arranging modular multi-level intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on the specific environmental conditions of the coastal zone, including water quality, tides, and wind speed, the layout of the blocks is adaptively adjusted, specifically as follows: The environmental stress index (EPI) was obtained as 0.4 × (W). s / 15) 2 + 0.3×(V t / 2) 1.5 + 0.3; where W s V represents wind speed. t The rate of tidal rise and fall; When EPI > 1.2, a dynamic counterweight algorithm is used to adjust the mass of the block foundation: in the area where wind speed W_s > 15m / s, a detachable counterweight module is embedded at the bottom of the block; when the tidal rate > 2m / s, a density compensation mechanism is activated to compress the block spacing to 80% of the design value, and a hexagonal honeycomb arrangement is used to improve the overall structure. When the nitrogen-to-phosphorus concentration ratio (N / P) > 16 and the substrate particle size D 50 When the thickness is <0.2mm, Kandelia candel seedlings are planted in the planting troughs on the surface of the block, and their root fixing modules are reinforced with bio-adhesive. When the activity trajectory of endangered species is detected, a biomimetic channel is set between adjacent blocks. The channel surface is set with a texture that mimics intertidal reefs, and the channel inclination angle α is optimized through fluid simulation to reduce the flow velocity to 0.3-0.5m / s. When the COD water quality index at the upstream monitoring point exceeds the standard for three consecutive days, the micropore activation program is activated: the internal pores of the block are cleared through the built-in high-pressure water jet system, so that the permeability coefficient is increased to 0.15-0.2cm / s; During typhoon warnings, the wave-resistant optimization mode is automatically activated: the long axis of the block is adjusted to be staggered with the wave direction at 55°±5°, and the vortex energy dissipation rate is verified to be ≥65% through computational fluid dynamics, forming a graded energy dissipation and protection system.

9. The method for arranging modular multi-stage intertidal ecological revetment concrete blocks according to claim 1, characterized in that, Establish a monitoring and maintenance mechanism to regularly assess and maintain the ecological functions and engineering performance of the ecological revetment system, and adjust and optimize the block layout in a timely manner based on the monitoring results, specifically as follows: A three-dimensional monitoring system is constructed by deploying an underwater sonar array, a biosensor network, and structural strain gauges to collect three core indicators in real time: biomass density, block displacement, and permeability coefficient attenuation rate. When any indicator is detected to exceed the threshold range for three consecutive months, the data cross-validation procedure is initiated: the image features of organisms attached to the surface of the block are extracted by a convolutional neural network, and a three-dimensional ecological-mechanical coupled map is constructed by combining hydrodynamic sensor data to identify the spatial distribution characteristics of abnormal areas. Establish a dual evaluation system of Ecological Function Index (EFI) and Engineering Performance Index (EPI): When the EFI drops to 70% of the initial value, based on the biological migration thermogram, a transition module with artificial reef cavity is inserted at the key node, and its surface is pre-planted with salt-tolerant vegetation. When the EPI is lower than 80% of the design value, the structural strengthening mode is activated, and the spatial topology of the blocks is reconstructed using laser scanning technology. The blocks with a cumulative displacement of more than 50 mm are anchored and reinforced, and basalt fiber-reinforced concrete is filled into the adjacent gaps. A knowledge graph library containing historical maintenance data is constructed. When the number of repeated maintenance times at the same location is detected to be ≥2 times per year, the top 30% of the blocks with the highest bio-attachment rate in the current layout are retained as high-quality genes. When regenerating the layout matrix, their spatial coordinates are forcibly retained. The improvement of eddy current energy dissipation rate of the new scheme is verified by Monte Carlo simulation to be ≥10%. After the flood season each year, self-learning updates are implemented to transform the feature parameters of successful maintenance cases into new constraints and inject them into the optimization model to form a closed-loop iterative optimization system. A three-tiered early warning mechanism is established: a blue alert is activated when the biomass in a local area decreases by 20% week-on-week, and artificial propagation and release are implemented; an orange alert is triggered when the cumulative displacement in a month exceeds 50% of the annual allowable value, and a drone swarm is used for precise grouting reinforcement; a red alert is activated when the permeability coefficient decreases to 60% of the design value and is accompanied by a 30% increase in turbidity, and a modular replacement device is used for in-situ replacement to ensure continuous and uninterrupted system function.

Images