TBM non-pressure water delivery tunnel water source supply structure and construction method thereof
By applying diversion holes and double-bucket through-driver in the water transmission tunnel excavated by TBM, groundwater is introduced into the tunnel, which solves the cost and resource consumption problems of groundwater treatment during construction, and improves the water resource utilization efficiency and construction economy of the tunnel.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510341299.5
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-02
AI Technical Summary
When TBM excavates a water transport tunnel, groundwater needs to be pumped or sealed, resulting in increased construction costs and increased water resource consumption. In addition, water transport tunnels are prone to water leakage and increased return water pressure during operation.
A water source replenishment structure of TBM pressureless water transport tunnel is designed. By applying diversion holes at the initial branch large span and below in the water-rich surrounding rock section, groundwater is introduced into the operational water transport tunnel, and groundwater is collected and introduced into the double-bucket through-blocking device to achieve water replenishment, and the diversion holes are sealed during the construction process to reduce the drainage.
Through this structure, the water transfer volume can be replenished without increasing the water source flow, reduce investment in groundwater construction, reduce water resource consumption, and improve the working capacity and economic benefits of water transfer tunnels.
Smart Images
Figure CN119913874A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water conveyance tunnels, and in particular to a TBM pressureless water conveyance tunnel water source replenishment structure and an application method thereof. Background Art
[0002] With the needs of China's economic development, the number of non-pressure water tunnel construction has increased rapidly. When TBM is used to excavate a water tunnel through a water-rich stratum, it is usually necessary to pump out or seal the groundwater for construction safety. In fact, water tunnels are different from traffic tunnels, mining tunnels, etc. Their main function during service is to transport water rather than materials.
[0003] Therefore, we only need to reduce the infiltration of groundwater into the tunnel during the construction of the water transfer tunnel. In fact, if the groundwater does not pollute the environment and the water source in the tunnel, the infiltration of groundwater into the water transfer tunnel during the operation of the water transfer tunnel can increase the water transfer capacity of the tunnel, reduce the pressure on water resource consumption at the water transfer source, and supplement the leakage loss of tunnel water resources, which has positive significance for the tunnel water transfer work.
[0004] Based on the above situation, the present invention proposes a TBM non-pressure water supply tunnel water supply structure and its construction method, which can regulate the water resource seepage near the surrounding rock of the water supply tunnel and improve the utilization efficiency of the water supply tunnel. In this way, the water supply can be reduced and the investment in blocking groundwater during the construction period can be reduced. Summary of the invention
[0005] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and provides a TBM pressureless water transfer tunnel water source replenishment structure and its construction method. By constructing diversion holes in the initial support large span and below the water-rich surrounding rock section, groundwater is introduced into the operating water transfer tunnel to achieve water replenishment during the water transfer process. At the same time, the diversion holes can be blocked during the construction process to reduce the drainage volume during the construction process and improve the working capacity of the water transfer tunnel.
[0006] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a TBM pressureless water transfer tunnel water supply structure, which is constructed in the water-rich surrounding rock section of the tunnel when environmental conditions allow the release of groundwater or the release of groundwater in the corresponding section will not cause negative environmental impact. It specifically includes a diversion hole and a double-bucket penetrator. The orifice of the diversion hole is drilled at and below the large span of the tunnel, and the bottom of the hole is higher than the highest water surface height during the operation period. If it is a horizontal diversion hole, its position should be higher than the highest water level. The double-bucket penetrator is placed inside the diversion hole and is grout-fixed between the diversion hole and the hole wall; the diversion hole is arranged horizontally, or the diversion hole is arranged upward at a predetermined angle, and the groundwater in the surrounding rock is collected through the double-bucket penetrator and introduced into the water transfer tunnel.
[0007] Furthermore, the double bucket through-hole is composed of an upper bucket piece, a lower bucket piece, a sealing gasket and a blocking piece. The end of the circular tube part of the upper bucket piece is provided with an upper bucket piece internal thread, the end of the circular tube part of the lower bucket piece is provided with a lower bucket piece external thread and one end of the bell mouth is provided with a lower bucket piece internal thread; the blocking piece is a truncated cone piece with an external thread and can be meshed with the internal thread of the lower bucket piece. The sealing gasket is connected to both ends of the double bucket through-hole, and the diversion and blocking of the water flow in the double bucket through-hole is adjusted by loading and unloading the blocking piece.
[0008] Furthermore, a straight groove is provided in the middle of the bottom end of the blocking piece, which facilitates inserting a disassembly tool into the straight groove to quickly disassemble and assemble the blocking piece.
[0009] Furthermore, the upper bucket piece and the lower bucket piece are connected by threaded engagement, and a threaded adjustment section of a preset length is provided at the connection between the upper bucket piece and the lower bucket piece, and the length of the double bucket through-hole can be telescopically adjusted by rotating the upper bucket piece or the lower bucket piece.
[0010] Furthermore, the upper bucket piece, the circular tube portion of the lower bucket piece and the plugging piece can be made of relatively hard and corrosion-resistant materials such as relatively hard resin or steel, and the sealing gasket at the end of the bell mouth is made of relatively soft and elastic silicone or rubber material.
[0011] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a method for constructing a water supply structure for a TBM pressureless water transfer tunnel according to any one of the schemes of the first aspect, which specifically comprises the following steps: After the initial support is completed, diversion holes are drilled at the large span of the tunnel and below and penetrated into the surrounding rock. The bottom of the diversion hole is higher than the highest water surface height during the operation period. The double-bucket penetrator is placed inside the diversion hole and fixed to the hole wall by grouting.
[0012] Furthermore, before grouting and fixing, the upper bucket piece or the lower bucket piece is rotated to adjust the length of the double bucket through-hole through telescopic adjustment.
[0013] Furthermore, during the tunnel construction period, the bell mouth of the lower bucket of the double bucket through-hole is sealed with a plugging piece, and the plugging piece is removed before the tunnel is put into water operation.
[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The water supply structure of the TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel provided by the present invention is scientifically and reasonably designed. It can guide and utilize groundwater without affecting the overall mechanical properties of the primary support and lining. It is easy to store and transport, has a low manufacturing cost, a simple construction process, and does not require high-altitude operations. It has safe and reliable performance.
[0015] (2) The double-bucket through-hole of the present invention is placed inside the diversion hole, which can continuously collect groundwater and guide it into the water transfer tunnel to increase the water transfer volume. The double-bucket through-hole can be used to block and drain water during the construction process, and can also be used to replenish groundwater into the water transfer tunnel during the operation of the water transfer tunnel, thereby reducing the return water pressure and water resource consumption at the water transfer source. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] FIG1 is an axonometric view of a double bucket through-hole assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention; FIG2 is a front view of a double bucket through-hole assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention; FIG3 is a left side view of a double bucket through-hole assembly in a specific embodiment of the present invention; FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a specific application position of a water supply structure in a specific embodiment of the present invention; In the figure: 1-sealing gasket, 2-upper bucket piece, 21-upper bucket piece internal thread, 3-lower bucket piece, 31-lower bucket piece external thread, 32-lower bucket piece internal thread, 4-blocking piece, 5-slotted groove, 51-blocking piece external thread, 6-double bucket through-hole, 7-diversion hole, 8-surrounding rock, 9-primary support, 10-lining. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0017] The following is a further description of a TBM pressureless water transfer tunnel water supply structure and its construction method of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that those skilled in the art can better understand the technical solution of the present invention. This embodiment is implemented based on the technical solution of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
[0018] Example 1: The present invention proposes a TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water source replenishment structure and its construction method. The TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water source replenishment structure is shown in Figure 4 , including a diversion hole 7 and a double bucket penetrator 6. The diversion hole 7 is drilled at or below the initial branch span of the water-rich section of the tunnel and below the lowest water level when water is flowing. The bottom of the diversion hole 7 is higher than the highest water level during the operation period. If it is a horizontal diversion hole, its position should be higher than the highest water level. The double bucket penetrator 6 is placed inside the diversion hole and grouting is performed between it and the hole wall. During the TBM pressureless tunnel water conveyance process, groundwater from the water-rich section that the tunnel passes through can be controllably introduced into the tunnel, and the water conveyance volume can be supplemented without increasing the water source flow rate. At the same time, the construction investment for blocking groundwater can be reduced, and the economic effect of water conveyance can be significantly improved.
[0019] See also Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3The double bucket through-device 6 is composed of an upper bucket piece 2, a lower bucket piece 3, a sealing gasket 1 and a blocking piece 4. The end of the circular tube part of the upper bucket piece 2 is provided with an upper bucket piece internal thread 21, the end of the circular tube part of the lower bucket piece 3 is provided with a lower bucket piece external thread 31, and one end of the bell mouth is provided with a lower bucket piece internal thread 32; the blocking piece 4 is a truncated cone piece containing an external thread 51 and can be engaged with the bell mouth of the lower bucket piece 3, and a "I" groove 5 is provided in the middle of its bottom end.
[0020] See also Figure 3 The upper bucket piece 2 and the lower bucket piece 3 are meshed with threads. The length of the double bucket through-hole 6 can be adjusted telescopically by rotating the upper bucket piece 2 or the lower bucket piece 3, and the rotating sealing piece 4 can seal and block the bell mouth of the lower bucket piece 3.
[0021] The upper bucket 2, the circular tube parts of the lower bucket 3 and the plugging member 4 described in the present application are made of relatively hard materials such as resin and steel, and the sealing gasket 1 at the end of the bell mouth is made of relatively soft and elastic silicone material.
[0022] See also Figure 4 , from the outside to the inside of the tunnel, there are: surrounding rock 8, primary support 9 and lining 10. When the water replenishment structure of the primary branch section of the pressureless water supply tunnel is constructed, diversion holes 7 are drilled in the large span of the primary branch and below the water-rich section of the surrounding rock, and the bottom of the hole is kept 0.7m higher than the water surface of the tunnel, and the hole mouth is 0.3m lower than the water surface of the tunnel. The diversion holes 7 are drilled in the direction of the water surface, and a double bucket through-hole 6 is installed in the diversion hole 7. The bell mouth of the lower bucket 3 is sealed with a plugging piece 4. The length is adjusted by rotating the upper bucket 2 or the lower bucket 3 to make it in close contact with the bottom of the hole. After installation, grouting is performed between the double bucket through-hole 6 and the hole wall to fix it. The plugging piece 4 is removed before the tunnel is put into operation. It can be understood that the diversion holes 7 can be drilled in different longitudinal sections of the tunnel, and the number of holes and the drilling angle can be adjusted as needed. In this embodiment Figure 4 A total of four diversion holes 7 are shown, two of which are horizontal diversion holes 7, and the other two are inclined diversion holes 7. A double bucket through-hole 6 is installed in each diversion hole 7 (the double bucket through-hole 6 in the horizontal diversion hole 7 is illustrated by a dotted line structure).
[0023] The upper bucket piece 2, lower bucket piece 3, sealing gasket 1 and plugging piece 4 of the double bucket through-hole 6 are made of PVC material. First, the upper bucket piece 2, lower bucket piece 3, sealing gasket 1 and plugging piece 4 of the double bucket through-hole 6 are connected together by threads. The length of the double bucket through-hole 6 is adjusted so that one end of it contacts the bottom of the diversion hole 7, and the other end is flush with the primary support surface. According to this method, a double bucket through-hole 6 is installed at each diversion hole 7. The end of the double bucket through-hole is made of silicone material, which can fit tightly with the bottom of the hole to perform internal sealing, and can also prevent the slurry from infiltrating into the double bucket through-hole 6 during the grouting process.
[0024] Embodiment 2: The present invention proposes a TBM non-pressure water supply tunnel water supply structure and its construction method, the structure and use process of which are basically the same as those of Embodiment 1; the only difference is that the upper bucket 2 and the lower bucket 3 of the double bucket through-hole 6 are made of hard metal materials, such as steel, pig iron, etc., the plugging member 4 is made of resin material, and the bucket sealing gasket 1 is made of rubber material with good elasticity. Since the double bucket through-hole 6 itself is made of hard material and is not easily deformed or damaged during the grouting process, it is not necessary to inject liquid water and other substances during installation, and it can be directly installed according to the method of Embodiment 1.
[0025] In addition to the above embodiments, the present invention may also have other implementations. Any technical solution formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent deformation falls within the protection scope required by the present invention.
Claims
1. A TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water supply structure, characterized in that: It includes a diversion hole and a double-bucket penetrator. The diversion hole is drilled at or below the large span of the tunnel after the initial support is completed. The bottom of the hole is higher than the highest water surface height during the operation period. If it is a horizontal diversion hole, its position is higher than the highest water level. The double-bucket penetrator is placed inside the diversion hole and is fixed to the hole wall of the diversion hole by grouting.
2. The TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water supply structure according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The double bucket through-hole is composed of an upper bucket piece, a lower bucket piece, a sealing gasket and a blocking piece. The end of the circular tube part of the upper bucket piece is provided with an upper bucket piece internal thread, the end of the circular tube part of the lower bucket piece is provided with a lower bucket piece external thread and one end of the bell mouth is provided with a lower bucket piece internal thread; the blocking piece is a truncated cone piece with an external thread and can be engaged with the internal thread of the lower bucket piece.
3. The TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water supply structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A straight groove is arranged in the middle of the bottom end of the blocking piece.
4. The TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water supply structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper bucket piece and the lower bucket piece are connected by threaded engagement, and a threaded adjustment section with a preset length is provided at the connection between the upper bucket piece and the lower bucket piece. The length of the double bucket through-hole can be telescopically adjusted by rotating the upper bucket piece or the lower bucket piece.
5. The TBM non-pressure water transfer tunnel water supply structure according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The upper bucket piece, the circular tube part of the lower bucket piece and the plugging piece are made of relatively hard anti-corrosion materials, and the sealing pad at the end of the bell mouth is made of an anti-corrosion material with good elasticity.
6. A method for constructing a water supply structure for a TBM pressureless water transfer tunnel according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: After the initial support is completed, diversion holes are drilled at the large span of the tunnel and below and penetrated into the surrounding rock. The bottom of the diversion hole is higher than the highest water surface height during the operation period. The double-bucket penetrator is placed inside the diversion hole and fixed to the hole wall by grouting.
7. The method of application according to claim 6, characterized in that: Before grouting and fixing, rotate the upper bucket piece or the lower bucket piece to adjust the length of the double bucket through-hole.
8. The method of application according to claim 6, characterized in that: During the tunnel construction period, the bell mouth of the lower bucket of the double-bucket through-hole is sealed with a plugging piece, and the plugging piece is removed before the tunnel is put into water operation.