High-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of high-precision synchronous multistage telescopic electric support column, belong to hydraulic support technical field.The column adopts multistage thread engagement transmission structure, through double-output shaft synchronous motor drive square shaft type power transmitter, combined with interference locking bolt to realize zero-gap power transmission, realize column synchronous telescoping.Synchronous controller is adjusted motor speed in real time by encoder feedback, ensure that multistage telescoping is synchronized.The bottom hemispherical base type fixed cylinder is matched with integrated protection box body spherical groove, allows column deflection to adapt to dynamic load;Dustproof seal ring is fixedly installed at the top of fixed cylinder and the top of first telescopic rod by bolt, forms dynamic seal, protection level ≥IP65, effectively isolate dust intrusion.The present application replaces hydraulic system with mechanical transmission, completely eliminates the risk of leakage, with the advantages of long stroke (≥2m), high precision, strong environmental adaptability, suitable for coal mine support, tunnel engineering and other complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of hydraulic support technology, specifically relating to a high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column. Through the coordinated design of a square-axis power transmitter, interference-fit locking pin, and dustproof sealing ring, it solves problems such as leakage and poor synchronization in traditional hydraulic support columns, making it suitable for dynamic load scenarios such as underground coal mines and tunnel engineering. Background Technology

[0002] Traditional column lifting devices mostly employ hydraulic drives or single-stage mechanical transmissions, which suffer from problems such as large size, low adjustment precision, and susceptibility to leakage. Some motor-driven solutions rely on a single telescopic rod, resulting in limited stroke and poor synchronization. The stroke of a traditional single-stage hydraulic support column is typically 1 meter, which is insufficient for complex working conditions. Furthermore, leakage in the hydraulic system not only affects equipment performance but also pollutes the environment. While existing mechanical transmission solutions avoid the leakage problem of hydraulic systems, they still have shortcomings in synchronization and vibration resistance. Therefore, a new support column solution is needed that can provide long stroke, high-precision synchronous control, and adapt to dynamic load changes.

[0003] The patent document "Hydraulic Support Column with Internal Circulation Medium Replacement" (CN201810749372.2) discloses a hydraulic support column with internal circulation medium replacement. Its invention lies in realizing the automatic replacement of liquid in the hydraulic support column without affecting the normal operation of the hydraulic support, increasing the fluidity of the hydraulic medium inside the column, reducing medium deterioration, reducing corrosion, and improving the service life of the hydraulic support. This patent, on the other hand, completely eliminates hydraulic oil and eliminates the risk of leakage by using a dual-output shaft synchronous motor to drive a multi-stage threaded meshing transmission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the technical shortcomings of traditional hydraulic support columns, the present invention aims to provide a high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column. It adopts mechanical transmission, eliminates the need for hydraulic oil, completely eliminates the risk of leakage, is environmentally friendly and safe, and the multi-stage threaded meshing structure allows the stroke to be more than twice that of the traditional structure (≥2m), with significantly better stability than hydraulic drive solutions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this invention provides a high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column, comprising: a hemispherical base type fixed cylinder, a composite internal and external thread first-stage telescopic rod, an external thread linkage second-stage telescopic rod, a dual-output shaft synchronous motor, a square shaft power transmitter, an interference-locking pin, a bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set, a dustproof sealing ring, an integrated protective housing, a synchronous controller, and a bearing seat. The hemispherical base type fixed cylinder has a hemispherical bottom end; the composite internal and external thread first-stage telescopic rod has an external thread on its bottom outer wall, engaging with the internal thread of the fixed cylinder; the first-stage telescopic rod has a square through hole at its bottom center, interlocking with the square shaft power transmitter; its top end has an internal thread structure, engaging with the external thread linkage second-stage telescopic rod; the external thread linkage second-stage telescopic rod has an external thread on its bottom outer wall, engaging with the internal thread of the first-stage telescopic rod; the top end of the external thread linkage second-stage telescopic rod has a pin hole, which, through connection with the support top beam ear plate, transmits only axial force; the dual-output shaft synchronous motor... The motor is located in the center of the integrated protective housing and drives the two square shaft power transmitters through the bevel gear set. The dustproof sealing ring is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed cylinder and the top of the first-stage telescopic rod by bolts. The integrated protective housing is made of high-strength aluminum alloy and has a dual-output shaft synchronous motor, bevel gear set, synchronous controller and bearing seat arranged in the center inside. The synchronous controller is fixed to the inner wall of the housing by bolts and is located in front of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor and arranged parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the housing. The bearing seat is fixed to the housing by high-strength bolts to support the dual-output shaft synchronous motor and bevel gear set.

[0006] The assembly method of the interference locking pin is to insert one end into the output hole of the bevel gear set and press the other end into the groove of the square shaft power transmitter. The fit tolerance is H7 / s6, which eliminates transmission backlash and improves vibration resistance. The axial positioning accuracy is ≤0.05mm.

[0007] The deflection of the hemispherical base type fixed cylinder is achieved by the cooperation between the bottom hemispherical structure and the spherical groove of the integrated protective box, allowing the column to deflect by ±3°. The support base is rigidly connected to the integrated protective box by high-strength bolts to form a fixed support structure.

[0008] The dustproof sealing ring includes a first dustproof sealing ring and a second dustproof sealing ring. The first dustproof sealing ring is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed cylinder by bolts, and its inner ring is elastically compressed and fitted with the outer ring of the top of the first-stage telescopic rod. The second dustproof sealing ring is fixedly installed on the top of the first-stage telescopic rod by bolts, and its inner ring is elastically compressed and fitted with the outer ring of the top of the second-stage telescopic rod.

[0009] The synchronous controller acquires the speed signals of the photoelectric encoders on both sides of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor in real time, calculates the real-time displacement of the first-stage and second-stage telescopic rods through the thread lead, and dynamically adjusts the output torque of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor based on the displacement difference, so that the displacement synchronization error of the telescopic rods on both sides is ≤ ±0.5mm.

[0010] The advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. By coordinating the work of a dual-output shaft synchronous motor and a synchronous controller, combined with encoder feedback to adjust the motor speed in real time, multi-stage telescopic synchronization is ensured. This high-precision synchronous control significantly improves the stability and reliability of the support column, making it suitable for complex working conditions requiring precise adjustment; 2. This invention adopts a mechanical transmission structure, completely eliminating the leakage risk inherent in traditional hydraulic systems. Through a multi-stage threaded meshing transmission structure and interference-locking pins, zero-backlash power transmission is achieved, improving the system's durability and environmental adaptability, making it particularly suitable for harsh environments such as coal mine support and tunnel engineering; 3. Through the multi-stage threaded meshing structure, the stroke of the support column can reach more than twice that of traditional structures (≥2m). Simultaneously, the design of the bottom hemispherical base-type fixed cylinder and the spherical groove of the integrated protective box can adapt to dynamic load changes, enhancing the system's flexibility and adaptability. Attached Figure Description

[0011] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0012] Figure 1 A cross-sectional view of the assembly of the double columns and the integrated protective enclosure;

[0013] Figure 2 This is a diagram of the overall structure.

[0014] Figure 3 This is a full sectional view of a hemispherical base-type fixed cylinder.

[0015] Figure 4 A sectional view of a single-stage telescopic rod with combined internal and external threads;

[0016] Figure 5 This is a full sectional view of the externally threaded, two-stage telescopic rod.

[0017] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of a bevel gear driving a first-stage telescopic rod;

[0018] Figure 7 Cross-sectional view of the interference-fit locking pin and the square shaft power transmitter;

[0019] Figure 8 This is an internal diagram of the integrated protective enclosure.

[0020] The following is a supplementary explanation of the attached drawings: 1. Hemispherical base type fixed cylinder; 2. Internal and external thread composite primary telescopic rod; 3. External thread linkage secondary telescopic rod; 3-1. Pin hole; 4. Dual output shaft synchronous motor; 5. Square shaft type power transmitter; 6. Interference locking pin; 7. Bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set; 8. Dustproof sealing ring; 8-1. First dustproof sealing ring; 8-2. Second dustproof sealing ring; 9. Integrated protective housing; 10. Synchronous controller; 11. Bearing seat; 12. Support base; 13. Support top beam ear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments thereof, and the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made by those skilled in the art to all other embodiments obtained without creative effort should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "top," "bottom," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Moreover, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," and "first," "second," etc., are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific spatial position or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0023] See Figures 1 to 8 This invention provides a detailed description of a high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column, which is mainly used in dynamic load scenarios such as underground coal mine support and tunnel engineering, providing an efficient and reliable solution for structural support under complex working conditions. Its core lies in its innovative mechanical transmission architecture, which overcomes the limitations of traditional hydraulic drive systems.

[0024] See Figures 1 to 8 The present invention provides a detailed description of a high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column. The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: A high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column includes: a hemispherical base type fixed cylinder 1, an internal and external thread composite primary telescopic rod 2, an external thread linkage secondary telescopic rod 3, a dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4, a square shaft type power transmitter 5, an interference locking pin 6, a bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set 7, a dustproof sealing ring 8, an integrated protective housing 9, a synchronous controller 10, and a bearing seat 11. The hemispherical base-type fixed cylinder 1 is located at the bottom of the column. The hemispherical structure at the bottom end cooperates with the spherical groove at the top of the integrated protective box 9, allowing the column to deflect ±3° to adapt to dynamic loads. The external thread at the bottom of the composite internal and external thread primary telescopic rod 2 engages with the internal thread of the fixed cylinder 1, and the internal thread at the top end connects with the external thread of the secondary telescopic rod 3, forming the primary telescopic structure. The external thread of the external thread-linked secondary telescopic rod 3 engages with the primary telescopic rod 2. The top end of the external thread-linked secondary telescopic rod 3 is provided with a pin hole 3-1, which is connected to the bracket top beam ear plate 3 through a pin. It can only move axially, thereby realizing secondary telescopic movement. The dustproof sealing ring 8 The system includes a primary dustproof sealing ring 8-1 and a secondary dustproof sealing ring 8-2. The dustproof sealing ring 8-1 is bolted to the top of the fixed cylinder 1, with its outer ring tightly fitted to the outer wall of the top of the fixed cylinder 1. Its inner ring is elastically compressed against the outer ring of the top of the primary telescopic rod 2, ensuring a dynamic seal between the primary telescopic rod 2 and the sealing ring during telescopic movement. The dustproof sealing ring 8-2 is bolted to the top of the primary telescopic rod 2, with its outer ring tightly fitted to the outer wall of the top of the primary telescopic rod 2 (composite internal and external threads). Its inner ring is elastically compressed against the outer ring of the top of the secondary telescopic rod 3, ensuring a dynamic seal between the secondary telescopic rod 3 and the sealing ring during telescopic movement. The sealing rings are made of a nitrile rubber and polyurethane composite material, possessing both wear resistance and elasticity, capable of adapting to the reciprocating motion of the telescopic rod, with a protection level ≥ IP65. The integrated protective housing 9 is manufactured using a high-strength aluminum alloy integral casting process, with an internal layout based on a modular symmetrical design. The support base 12 is rigidly connected to the integrated protective housing 9 via high-strength bolts, forming a fixed support structure.

[0025] The bottom of the fixed cylinder 1 is a hemispherical structure, and the mating surface with the spherical groove of the integrated protective box 9 is coated with a wear-resistant lubricating coating (such as molybdenum disulfide) to reduce frictional resistance. The inner wall of the cylinder is machined with internal threads, which precisely mesh with the external threads of the first-stage telescopic rod 2 to ensure smooth telescopic movement. The composite internal and external thread first-stage telescopic rod is an integral welded structure. The external thread at the bottom meshes with the internal thread of the fixed cylinder 1, and the thread lead is precisely designed. The internal thread at the top meshes with the external thread of the second-stage telescopic rod 3. The surface of the thread pair is hardened, and the wear resistance life is ≥50,000 cycles. The external thread of the second-stage telescopic rod 3 meshes with the internal thread of the first-stage telescopic rod 2. The pin passes through the pin hole 3-1 at the top of the second-stage telescopic rod 3 and is aligned with the corresponding hole on the bracket top beam ear plate 13. It is fixed by the pin. When the first-stage telescopic rod rotates and moves axially, the thread engagement of the second-stage telescopic rod is driven. However, because the pin is connected to the bracket top beam ear plate 13, it can only move axially, completely restricting the rotational freedom of the second-stage telescopic rod 3.

[0026] The dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4 is located at the center of the integrated protective housing 9. It transmits power to the two square shaft power transmitters on both sides through the bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set 7 to achieve bidirectional synchronous drive. The driving bevel gear of the bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set 7 is keyed to the motor output shaft, and the driven bevel gear is fixed to the square shaft power transmitter 5 through the interference locking pin 6 to achieve torque transmission. The square shaft of the square shaft power transmitter 5 is inserted into the square through hole at the bottom of the internal and external threaded composite first-stage telescopic rod 2, driving the first-stage telescopic rod 2 to rotate synchronously.

[0027] One end of the interference-fit locking pin 6 is inserted into the output hole of the bevel gear set 7, and the other end is pressed into the groove of the square shaft power transmitter 5. The fit tolerance is H7 / s6, and the axial positioning accuracy is ≤0.05mm. The pin surface is carburized, with a hardness ≥HRC58, ensuring a 30% improvement in vibration resistance.

[0028] The integrated protective housing 9 contains a dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4, a synchronous controller 10, a bevel gear set 7, and a bearing seat 11. The inner wall of the housing 9 is equipped with heat dissipation fins and air ducts, combined with a forced air cooling system to ensure the heat dissipation efficiency of the motor and controller and avoid overheating. The outer surface is coated with an anti-corrosion coating to adapt to high humidity environments. The synchronous controller 10 is located directly in front of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4, arranged parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the housing 9, and directly fixed to the inner wall of the housing by four sets of M8 high-strength bolts, ensuring that the axial distance between the synchronous controller 10 and the motor 4 is ≤50mm. It acquires photoelectric encoder signals using the shortest path and optimizes heat dissipation efficiency through heat dissipation fins and airflow ducts on the inner wall of the housing to ensure control stability. The synchronous controller 10 acquires the speed signals of the photoelectric encoders on both sides of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4 in real time, calculates the real-time displacement of the internal and external thread composite primary telescopic rod 2 and the external thread linkage secondary telescopic rod 3 through the thread lead, and dynamically adjusts the output torque of the dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4 based on the displacement difference using a PID control algorithm, so that the displacement synchronization error of the telescopic rods on both sides is ≤±0.5mm. When the displacement difference exceeds the preset threshold, the synchronous controller 10 triggers an emergency braking signal, stops the motor operation, and locks the threaded pair to prevent structural damage. The bearing seat 11 is fixed to the housing by high-strength bolts and is used to support the dual-output shaft synchronous motor 4 and the bevel gear set 7.

[0029] Working principle

[0030] Working Principle: This patented invention uses a dual-output shaft synchronous motor to drive a bevel gear set, which in turn drives a square shaft power transmitter to rotate the composite internal and external threaded primary telescopic rod. The engagement of its external thread with the internal thread of the hemispherical base-type fixed cylinder drives axial extension and contraction. Simultaneously, the internal thread at the top of the primary telescopic rod drives the external thread of the secondary telescopic rod. Through a pin connection to the bracket's top beam ear plate, its rotational freedom is restricted, forcing the external thread-linked secondary telescopic rod to move only axially, achieving multi-stage synchronous extension and contraction. The control system receives encoder signals through a synchronous controller, dynamically adjusting the motor torque to maintain synchronized extension and contraction, and uses locking pins to eliminate transmission backlash and improve positioning accuracy. The hemispherical structure at the bottom of the fixed cylinder engages with the groove in the protective housing, allowing the column to deflect to adapt to load changes. The dustproof sealing ring achieves dynamic sealing through elastic compression, ensuring stable operation of the system in complex environments.

Claims

1. A high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column, characterized in that, The utility model relates to a kind of integrated support structure, including: Hemispherical base type fixed cylinder (1), inner and outer thread composite type first telescopic rod (2), outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3), double-output shaft synchronous motor (4), square shaft type power transmitter (5), interference locking bolt (6), bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7), dustproof sealing ring (8), integrated protective box (9), synchronous controller (10) and bearing seat (11);The hemispherical base type fixed cylinder (1), bottom end is hemispherical structure;The inner and outer thread composite type first telescopic rod (2) is equipped with outer thread on bottom end outer wall, and is engaged with the inner thread of the hemispherical base type fixed cylinder (1);The inner and outer thread composite type first telescopic rod (2) bottom end center is equipped with square through-hole, and is interference fit with the square shaft type power transmitter (5);Top end is inner thread structure, and is engaged with the outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3);The outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3) bottom end outer wall is equipped with outer thread, and is engaged with the inner thread of the inner and outer thread composite type first telescopic rod (2), and the outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3) top end is equipped with pin hole (3-1), and is connected with support roof beam lug plate (13) by pin;The double-output shaft synchronous motor (4) is arranged at the center position inside integrated protective box (9), and power is transmitted to both sides square shaft type power transmitter (5) by bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7);The dustproof sealing ring (8) is fixedly installed in the top end of hemispherical base type fixed cylinder (1) and the top end of inner and outer thread composite type first telescopic rod (2) by bolt respectively;The integrated protective box (9) is integrally casted using high-strength aluminum alloy, and double-output shaft synchronous motor (4), bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7), synchronous controller (10) and bearing seat (11) are arranged in the inside center, the synchronous controller (10) is fixed on the inner wall of integrated protective box (9) by bolt, is located at the front of double-output shaft synchronous motor (4), and is arranged in parallel along the longitudinal central axis of integrated protective box (9);The bearing seat (11) is fixed with integrated protective box (9) by high-strength bolt, and is used to support double-output shaft synchronous motor (4) and bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7).

2. A high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interference locking bolt (6) is assembled in the following way: one end is inserted into the output hole of bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7), and the other end is interference fit with the groove of square shaft type power transmitter (5), which eliminates transmission gap and improves anti-vibration performance, and the axial positioning accuracy is ≤0.05mm;The driving gear of bidirectional power conversion bevel gear set (7) is connected with motor output shaft by key, and the driven gear is fixed with square shaft type power transmitter (5) by interference locking bolt (6).

3. The high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The deflection of hemispherical base type fixed cylinder (1) is realized by the cooperation of bottom end hemispherical structure and spherical groove of integrated protective box (9), which allows the overall deflection of the stand to be ±3°, and the support base (12) is rigidly connected with integrated protective box (9) by high-strength bolt to form a fixed support structure.

4. The high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dustproof sealing ring (8) comprises a first dustproof sealing ring (8-1) and a second dustproof sealing ring (8-2), the first dustproof sealing ring (8-1) is fixedly installed at the top end of the half-sphere base type fixed cylinder (1) through bolts, and the inner ring of the first dustproof sealing ring (8-1) is elastically and compressively matched with the outer ring at the top end of the inner-outer thread combined first telescopic rod (2); the second dustproof sealing ring (8-2) is fixedly installed at the top end of the inner-outer thread combined first telescopic rod (2) through bolts, and the inner ring of the second dustproof sealing ring (8-2) is elastically and compressively matched with the outer ring at the top end of the outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3).

5. The high-precision synchronous multi-stage telescopic electric support column according to claim 1, characterized in that, The synchronous controller (10) collects the rotation speed signals of the photoelectric encoders on both sides of the double-output shaft synchronous motor (4) in real time, calculates the real-time displacement of the inner-outer thread combined first telescopic rod (2) and the outer thread linkage second telescopic rod (3) through thread pitch, dynamically adjusts the output torque of the double-output shaft synchronous motor (4) based on the displacement difference, and makes the displacement synchronization error of the telescopic rods on both sides ≤±0.5 mm.

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