Pressure relief buffer device and method for underground throwing of guniting material

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of underground structures, in particular to a pressure relief buffer device and method for underground throwing of guniting materials, a hole bottom chamber is located below a feeding hole, a pressure relief steel plate is integrally installed on an energy storage damping device, the high end of the pressure relief steel plate corresponds to an outlet of the feeding hole, and the energy storage damping device is fixed in the hole bottom chamber; the scraper conveyor is arranged below the lower end of the inclined-pulling type pressure relief steel plate and used for receiving the filling materials subjected to buffering and pressure relief, and the dustproof baffles are installed on the two sides of the scraper conveyor and used for preventing the materials from splashing all around. The device is simple in structure, safe and reliable, bottom impact force and air pressure caused by vertical lowering of solid materials can be effectively relieved, and the solid materials below the feeding hole can be conveniently transferred in time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of underground structures, and in particular to a device and method for releasing a shotcrete pressure relief buffer into a well. Background Art

[0002] The raw materials for mine grouting are mainly solid materials such as cement, gravel, sand, etc. At present, the methods of lowering ground solid materials into the mine mainly include lowering them through vertical holes, transporting them through inclined shafts, and using the original auxiliary transportation system of the mine. However, with the increase in production capacity of most mines, the existing lifting and transportation systems are close to saturation. Therefore, the ground solid material delivery is mostly transformed into setting vertical holes on the ground and vertically lowering the feeding holes to deliver the underground shotcrete solid materials.

[0003] However, solid materials such as cement, gravel, sand, etc. on the ground form a free fall motion after being lowered through the feeding hole. As the free fall distance increases, the speed of the material moving downward increases, resulting in a greater impact after falling to the bottom of the deep well, causing deformation, damage and other safety risks to the well bottom facilities and chambers. On the other hand, considering that the particle size of mine shotcrete materials is small and the feeding capacity is low, building a special material storage warehouse underground will cause a certain amount of waste, and the occupation of the material storage warehouse will cause slow operation of other links.

[0004] In the prior art, a plurality of buffering devices such as buffer pads are usually arranged at the bottom of the feeding hole to buffer the materials falling from the feeding well. However, the buffering devices such as buffer pads are easily damaged, and are troublesome to replace. Moreover, the materials cannot be transported immediately after buffering.

[0005] To this end, the present application designs a device and method for releasing a pressure relief buffer for underground shotcrete to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to make up for the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pressure relief buffer device and method for underground grouting, which can effectively reduce the bottom impact force and air pressure caused by the vertical lowering of solid materials, and facilitate the timely transportation of solid materials below the feeding hole, and has a simple structure, safety and reliability.

[0007] In order to achieve the above technical objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A pressure relief buffer device for underground grouting, characterized in that it comprises a hole bottom chamber, an inclined pressure relief steel plate, an energy storage and shock absorption device, a scraper conveyor, and a dust baffle. The hole bottom chamber is located below the feeding hole. The pressure relief steel plate is integrally installed on the energy storage and shock absorption device, and its high end corresponds to the outlet of the feeding hole. The energy storage and shock absorption device is fixed in the hole bottom chamber. The scraper conveyor is arranged obliquely below the lower end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate for receiving the filling material after buffering and pressure relief. The dust baffles are installed on both sides of the scraper conveyor to prevent the material from splashing everywhere.

[0008] Furthermore, the hole bottom chamber is located below the feeding hole, and the bottom is higher than the outer tunnel by a certain height difference, generally about 1 to 1.3 m. It serves as the initial receiving space for the shotcrete solid material, and a pressure relief buffer device is arranged inside for the vertical fall of the shotcrete solid material.

[0009] Furthermore, the inclined angle of the inclined pressure relief steel plate is 30° to 45°, and the surface thereof is covered with a wear-resistant buffer layer, and the wear-resistant buffer layer is made of rubber or polyurethane. A vertical baffle of the same material is installed at the high end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate.

[0010] Furthermore, the oblique-stayed pressure relief steel plate is a detachable steel plate, which is connected to the energy storage and shock absorption device below by a hinged or elastic connection method, allowing slight deformation to further disperse energy.

[0011] Furthermore, the energy storage and shock absorbing device includes: a fixed foundation fixed to the bottom of the chamber; a buffer base is connected to the fixed foundation through a rotating device, and the rotating device allows the buffer base to rotate slightly when subjected to force; buffer springs are evenly distributed between the buffer base and the rotating device, and are used to elastically absorb impact kinetic energy; a fixed bracket connects the buffer base and the oblique-stayed pressure relief steel plate to limit its displacement range.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating device is an articulated structure or a ball-type universal joint, and its maximum rotation angle is ±5°. It can rotate slightly when impacted by solid materials to avoid structural rigidity fracture and enhance adaptability.

[0013] Furthermore, dust baffles are installed on both sides of the scraper conveyor. The height of the dust baffles is 1.2 to 1.5 times the bandwidth of the scraper conveyor. The dust baffles are made of transparent polycarbonate or flexible polyurethane.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes a pressure sensor, which is arranged at the bottom of the inclined pressure relief steel plate and the buffer base; a vibration monitoring module is arranged on the inner wall of the chamber at the bottom of the hole, for real-time monitoring of impact force and structural vibration data.

[0015] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for underground placement of shotcrete pressure relief and buffering, which is applied to the above-mentioned underground placement of shotcrete pressure relief and buffering device, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. The shotcrete solid material falls vertically through the feeding hole to the inclined pressure relief steel plate in the chamber at the bottom of the hole; S2. The impact force of solid materials is decomposed into horizontal and vertical components through the inclined pressure relief steel plate. The vertical component is dissipated through the spring compression and rotational displacement of the energy storage shock absorber; S3. The buffered material slides along the inclined pressure relief steel plate to the scraper conveyor. The end of the scraper conveyor is connected to the mine car bucket or belt conveyor in the outer tunnel, and the shotcrete solid material is directly transported to the shotcrete site under the protection of the dustproof baffle.

[0016] S4. Dynamically adjust the conveying rate of the scraper conveyor through feedback data from the pressure sensor and vibration monitoring module.

[0017] Furthermore, in S2, the energy dissipation efficiency of the energy storage and shock absorption device is ≥ 60%.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention provides a pressure relief buffer device and method for underground spraying material, which can effectively alleviate the large impact force and air pressure generated when the solid materials such as gravel and sand on the ground are placed at the bottom of the deep well through the feeding hole. The solid materials fall onto the pressure relief steel plate of the device. At this time, when the spring is compressed to the shortest under the impact force, the elastic potential energy is the largest, the kinetic energy of the solid materials is the smallest, and the kinetic energy is completely converted into elastic potential energy. Therefore, in this process, the energy conversion of materials such as gravel and sand is: gravitational potential energy → kinetic energy → elastic potential energy. Therefore, the spraying solid materials can achieve a great deceleration under the pressure relief buffering effect of the present device, and naturally flow to the scraper conveyor below, so that the materials can be immediately transported to the spraying required location after being received. In summary, the present invention solves the safety hazard problem caused by the high speed and large impact force of underground spraying materials when they are vertically placed underground, and can be combined with the underground transportation system to achieve solid material buffering and subsequent transportation after pressure relief, which has practical guiding significance for the placement of solid materials in deep well projects such as metal mines and coal mines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a front view of the structure of the underground shotcrete material pressure relief buffer device of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a structural side view of the pressure relief buffer device for underground grouting material placement of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure, 1. Chamber at the bottom of the hole; 2. Inclined pressure relief steel plate; 3. Energy storage and shock absorption device; 4. Scraper conveyor; 5. Dust baffle; 6. Pressure sensor; 7. Vibration monitoring module; 10. Feeding hole; 21. Wear-resistant buffer layer; 22. Vertical baffle; 31. Fixed foundation; 32. Buffer base; 33. Rotating device; 34. Buffer spring; 35. Fixed bracket. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0022] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 1-Figure 2 For a specific embodiment of the present invention, see the attached Figure 1 This example provides a pressure relief buffer device for underground grouting, including a hole bottom chamber 1, an inclined pressure relief steel plate 2, an energy storage and shock absorption device 3, a scraper conveyor 4, and a dust baffle 5. The hole bottom chamber 1 is located below the feeding hole 10, and the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 is integrally installed on the energy storage and shock absorption device 3, and its high end corresponds to the outlet of the feeding hole 10. The energy storage and shock absorption device 3 is fixed in the hole bottom chamber 1, and the scraper conveyor 4 is arranged obliquely below the lower end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 for receiving the filling material after buffering and pressure relief. The dust baffles 5 are installed on both sides of the scraper conveyor 4 to prevent the material from splashing everywhere.

[0024] See attached Figure 2 The bottom chamber 1 is located below the feeding hole 10, and its bottom is higher than the outer tunnel by a certain height difference, generally about 1 to 1.3 m. It serves as the initial receiving space for the shotcrete solid material, and a pressure relief buffer device is arranged inside for the vertical fall of the shotcrete solid material.

[0025] The inclined angle of the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 is 30° to 45°, and its surface is covered with a wear-resistant buffer layer 21, which is made of rubber or polyurethane. A vertical baffle 22 of the same material is installed at the high end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2.

[0026] The inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 is a detachable steel plate, which is connected to the energy storage and shock absorbing device 3 below by a hinged or elastic connection method, allowing slight deformation to further disperse the energy.

[0027] The energy storage and shock absorbing device 3 includes: a fixed foundation 31 fixed to the bottom of the chamber 1; a buffer base 32 is connected to the fixed foundation 31 through a rotating device 33, and the rotating device 33 allows the buffer base 32 to rotate slightly when subjected to force; a buffer spring 34 is evenly distributed between the buffer base 32 and the rotating device 33, and is used to elastically absorb impact kinetic energy; a fixed bracket 35 connects the buffer base 32 and the oblique-stayed pressure relief steel plate 2 to limit its displacement range.

[0028] The rotating device 33 is an articulated structure or a ball-type universal joint, and its maximum rotation angle is ±5°. It can rotate slightly when impacted by solid materials to avoid structural rigidity fracture and enhance adaptability.

[0029] Dust baffles 5 are installed on both sides of the scraper conveyor 4. The height of the dust baffles 5 is 1.2 to 1.5 times the width of the scraper conveyor 4. The dust baffles 5 are made of transparent polycarbonate or flexible polyurethane.

[0030] The pressure sensor 6 is arranged at the bottom of the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 and the buffer base 32; the vibration monitoring module 7 is arranged on the inner wall of the hole bottom chamber 1 for real-time monitoring of impact force and structural vibration data.

[0031] A second aspect of the present invention provides a method for underground shotcrete placement pressure relief and buffering, which is applied to the above-mentioned underground shotcrete placement pressure relief and buffering device, and the method comprises the following steps: S1. The solid material sprayed falls vertically through the feeding hole 10 to the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 in the bottom chamber 1 of the hole; S2. The impact force of solid materials is decomposed into horizontal and vertical components by the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2. The vertical component is dissipated by the spring compression and rotational displacement of the energy storage shock absorbing device 3; S3. The buffered material slides down along the inclined pressure relief steel plate 2 to the scraper conveyor 4. The end of the scraper conveyor 4 is connected to the mine car bucket or belt conveyor in the outer tunnel, and the shotcrete solid material is directly transported to the shotcrete site under the protection of the dust baffle 5.

[0032] S4. The conveying rate of the scraper conveyor 4 is dynamically adjusted through the feedback data from the pressure sensor 6 and the vibration monitoring module 7.

[0033] Furthermore, in S2, the energy dissipation efficiency of the energy storage and shock absorption device 3 is ≥ 60%.

[0034] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention rather than to limit it. Other modifications or equivalent substitutions made to the technical solution of the present invention by ordinary technicians in the field should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pressure relief buffer device for placing shotcrete in a well, comprising a chamber at the bottom of the hole (1), characterized in that: The hole bottom chamber (1) is arranged below the feeding hole (10), an energy storage and shock absorbing device (3) is fixed in the hole bottom chamber (1), an inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) is installed on the energy storage and shock absorbing device (3), the upper end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) corresponds to the outlet of the feeding hole (10), a scraper conveyor (4) is arranged obliquely below the bottom end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2), the scraper conveyor (4) is used to receive the filling material after buffering and pressure relief, and dust baffles (5) are installed on both sides of the scraper conveyor (4).

2. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The bottom of the hole bottom chamber (1) is 1m to 1.3m higher than the outer tunnel.

3. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclined angle of the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) is 30° to 45°. The surface of the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) is covered with a wear-resistant buffer layer (21). The wear-resistant buffer layer (21) is made of rubber or polyurethane. A vertical baffle (22) made of the same material is installed at the high end of the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2).

4. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The oblique-stayed pressure relief steel plate (2) is a detachable steel plate, which is connected to the energy storage and shock absorbing device (3) below by means of a hinge or elastic connection, allowing slight deformation to further disperse energy.

5. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The energy storage and shock absorbing device (3) comprises a fixed base (31), the fixed base (31) being fixed to the bottom of the hole bottom chamber (1), the buffer base (32) being connected to the fixed base (31) via a rotating device (33), and the rotating device (33) allowing the buffer base (32) to rotate slightly when subjected to force; The buffer spring (34) is evenly distributed between the buffer base (32) and the rotating device (33) and is used to elastically absorb impact kinetic energy; the fixed bracket (35) connects the buffer base (32) and the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) to limit their displacement range.

6. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The rotating device (33) is an articulated structure or a ball-type universal joint, and its maximum rotation angle is ±5°. It can rotate slightly when impacted by solid materials, thereby avoiding structural rigidity fracture and enhancing adaptability.

7. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The height of the dust baffle (5) is 1.2 to 1.5 times the width of the scraper conveyor (4), and the dust baffle (5) is made of transparent polycarbonate or flexible polyurethane.

8. The underground shotcrete pressure relief buffer device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) and the bottom of the buffer base (32) are provided with a pressure sensor (6); and the inner wall of the hole bottom chamber (1) is provided with a vibration monitoring module (7) for real-time monitoring of impact force and structural vibration data.

9. A method for pressure relief and buffering of underground shotcrete placement, based on the underground shotcrete placement pressure relief and buffering device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, the shotcrete solid material falls vertically through the feeding hole (10) to the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) in the chamber (1) at the bottom of the hole; S2, the impact force of the solid material is decomposed into horizontal and vertical force components through the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2), and the vertical force component is dissipated through the spring compression and rotational displacement of the energy storage shock absorption device (3); S3, the buffered material slides along the inclined pressure relief steel plate (2) to the scraper conveyor (4), the end of the scraper conveyor (4) is connected to the bucket of the mine car or the belt conveyor in the outer tunnel, and the shotcrete solid material is directly transported to the shotcrete site under the protection of the dust baffle (5); S4, dynamically adjusting the conveying rate of the scraper conveyor (4) by feedback data from the pressure sensor (6) and the vibration monitoring module (7).

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