A method and system for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine

Abstract

The present invention discloses a method and system for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine, which includes acquiring the basic data collected in real time by each hydrophone array installed in a target area; performing data preprocessing on the basic data, aligning and splicing the preprocessed basic data to obtain spatio-temporal domain data, and drawing a corresponding spatio-temporal domain image according to the spatio-temporal domain data; analyzing the spatio-temporal domain data, calculating the flow information and energy information in the target area, determining the position where eddies are generated according to the flow information and energy information, and displaying it in the drawn spatio-temporal domain image; according to the position where eddies are generated, obtaining the distribution of eddy streets in the target area, and optimizing the parameters of each device in the water turbine for suppressing the generation of eddy streets according to the distribution of eddy streets, flow information and energy information. By using a high-precision hydrophone array to collect data in real time, the position of eddies is calculated, and the parameters of each device are optimized accordingly to improve the power generation efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of hydroelectric power generation, and particularly relates to a method and system for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine. Background Art

[0002] In a hydroelectric power generation system, a turbine is usually used to convert the kinetic energy of water flow into mechanical energy to drive a generator to generate electric energy. However, there will be a certain degree of energy loss in the turbine, and these losses mainly include the following aspects:

[0003] Turbulence loss: The water flow inside the turbine may generate turbulence due to reasons such as changes in flow velocity. Turbulence will increase the internal energy consumption of the water flow, resulting in part of the kinetic energy being converted into turbulent kinetic energy and lost.

[0004] Vortex loss: Vortices may be formed when the water flow passes through the turbine. Vortices will cause the kinetic energy of the water flow to be lost, affecting the efficiency of the turbine.

[0005] Generally speaking, the energy loss of the turbine in the hydroelectric power generation system is generally between 10% and 20%, and the specific loss amount depends on factors such as the design of the turbine, operating conditions, and water flow characteristics. By measures such as optimizing the design, improving the operation mode, and enhancing the equipment quality, the energy loss of the turbine can be reduced, and the efficiency of the hydroelectric power generation system can be improved.

[0006] Currently, in order to reduce the energy loss of the turbine and improve the efficiency of the hydroelectric power generation system. The ways to optimize the efficiency of the hydroelectric generating unit include:

[0007] 1. Optimize the design of the hydroelectric generating unit: By improving the shapes and structures of components such as the impeller, guide vane, and water inlet, the generation of vortices can be reduced. Adopting a suitable streamlined design to reduce turbulence and resistance helps to reduce the formation of vortices.

[0008] 2. Reasonably arrange the hydroelectric generating unit: In the configuration and layout of the hydroelectric power station, the directions and angles of the water flow inlet and outlet need to be considered. A reasonable layout can reduce the impact and intersection of the water flow and reduce the generation of vortices.

[0009] 3. Control the water flow velocity and pressure: By adjusting the water flow velocity and pressure, the generation and dissipation of vortices can be affected. Reasonably controlling the water flow velocity and pressure can reduce the formation of vortices.

[0010] 4. Regular maintenance and cleaning: Regularly maintain and clean the hydroelectric generating unit to keep the equipment in good condition. Cleaning the impurities and substances accumulated on components such as the impeller, guide vane, and water inlet can reduce the formation of vortices.

[0011] 5. Introduction of auxiliary facilities: It is possible to consider introducing auxiliary facilities such as energy dissipation weirs and wave-dissipating intake devices. By absorbing energy and dissipating the kinetic energy of the water flow, the generation of vortices can be reduced. The influence of vortices on the power generation efficiency of water turbines can be relatively significant because vortices can cause energy loss and efficiency reduction.

[0012] However, there are some difficulties in detecting vortices in the hydropower generation system in the above-mentioned scheme, mainly including the following aspects:

[0013] 1. Complex water flow environment: The water flow environment in the hydropower generation system is usually relatively complex. Vortices often generate and disappear quickly in the water flow, affected by various factors such as water flow velocity, pressure, and temperature. Therefore, it is difficult to conduct accurate real-time monitoring and detection.

[0014] 2. Limitations of measurement positions: Vortices usually generate at positions such as the blades and inlets of water turbines. However, these positions are usually difficult to directly observe or install sensors, resulting in difficulties in accurately monitoring vortices in real time.

[0015] 3. Difficulties in sensor selection: Due to the particularity of the water flow environment, traditional sensors (such as pressure sensors and flow velocity sensors) are difficult to accurately capture the changes of vortices in the hydropower generation system, and special sensor devices suitable for the water flow environment need to be selected.

[0016] 4. Complex data processing: The generation and disappearance of vortices in the hydropower generation system are very fast, requiring high-frequency and high-sensitivity data acquisition and processing equipment, as well as complex algorithms to effectively identify and analyze the characteristics of vortices.

[0017] 5. Safety considerations: Detecting vortices in the hydropower generation system requires considering the safety and stability of equipment, as well as the impact on the normal operation of the hydropower station and the service life of equipment. Therefore, in view of the difficulties in detecting vortices in the hydropower generation system, it is necessary to carry out targeted technical research and innovation in combination with the complexity of the water flow environment and the limitations of sensor technology to improve the accurate monitoring and detection ability of vortices. Summary of the Invention

[0018] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for improving the power generation efficiency of water turbines. By selecting a high-precision hydrophone array to collect data in real time, and marking the time of the collected data through its own time synchronization system, calculating the time and specific position of the generation of vortices based on the collected data, and optimizing the parameters of each device according to the vortex position to improve the power generation efficiency.

[0019] To achieve the above purpose, the present application adopts the following solutions:

[0020] On the one hand, the present invention provides a method for improving the power generation efficiency of water turbines, specifically including the following steps:

[0021] S1. Obtain the basic data collected in real time by each hydrophone array installed in the target area and save it separately to the dataset to be processed;

[0022] S2. Perform data preprocessing on the basic data in the dataset to be processed, align and splice the preprocessed basic data to obtain spatio-temporal domain data, and draw the corresponding spatio-temporal domain image based on the spatio-temporal domain data;

[0023] S3. Analyze the spatio-temporal domain data, deduce the flow information and energy information in the target area, determine the position where the eddy current is generated according to the flow information and energy information, and display it in the drawn spatio-temporal domain image;

[0024] S4. According to the position where the eddy current is generated, obtain the distribution of the eddy current vortex street in the target area, and optimize the parameters of each device in the water turbine for suppressing the generation of the eddy current vortex street according to the distribution of the eddy current vortex street, flow information and energy information.

[0025] In some specific implementation schemes, the process of obtaining the basic data is as follows:

[0026] S11. Record the time when each hydrophone array collects each piece of environmental data in the target area, and perform digital filtering on the environmental data in the target area to convert it into basic vibration data;

[0027] S12. Convert the basic vibration data into frequency domain data through Fourier transform, take the basic vibration data and frequency domain data corresponding to the same acquisition time as a group of vibration data groups, and store them in accordance with the preset data format to obtain a piece of basic data, which is stored in the dataset to be processed. The data format is: time stamp + hydrophone array number + vibration data group.

[0028] In some specific implementation schemes, the process of data preprocessing in step S2 includes:

[0029] Traverse the frequency domain data in each piece of basic data in the dataset to be processed, perform frequency selection confirmation on the frequency domain data. When the frequency domain data does not meet the preset threshold, mark this piece of basic data as invalid and delete it from the dataset to be processed, and record the hydrophone array number in this piece of basic data at the same time;

[0030] After traversing the dataset to be processed, count the number of invalid data and the hydrophone array number corresponding to each invalid data, and judge whether the hydrophone array corresponding to the invalid data fails and replace it according to the statistical results.

[0031] In some specific implementation schemes, the specific process of obtaining the spatio-temporal domain data in step S2 is as follows:

[0032] S21, aligning the basic data after data preprocessing on the time side, summarizing the basic data of the same acquisition time, and counting the basic vibration data and frequency domain data in the vibration data respectively, to obtain a first data queue and a second data queue, the first data queue is used to store the basic vibration data collected by each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time, and the second data queue is used to store the frequency domain data of each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time;

[0033] S22, splicing the data of the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the process position sequence of the hydrophone array corresponding to the data, to form a vibration process data group and a frequency domain process data group arranged along the process of the target area at the same acquisition time;

[0034] S23, splicing the data of the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the order of the elevation positions of the hydrophone arrays corresponding to the data in the same cross section, to form a vibration elevation data group and a frequency domain elevation data group arranged along the cross section elevation data at the same acquisition time;

[0035] S24, splicing the vibration process data group and the vibration elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain spatiotemporal vibration data, and splicing the frequency domain process data group and the frequency domain elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain spatiotemporal frequency data;

[0036] S25, sorting the spatiotemporal vibration data and spatiotemporal frequency data of each basic data at all acquisition times according to the process and elevation to form spatiotemporal data.

[0037] In some specific embodiments, the flow information of the target area is deduced using the spatiotemporal vibration data, and the energy information in the target area is deduced using the spatiotemporal frequency data.

[0038] In some specific embodiments, the flow information includes flow direction and flow velocity, and the spatiotemporal image includes a flow map drawn based on spatiotemporal vibration data and an energy map drawn based on spatiotemporal frequency data.

[0039] In some specific embodiments, the process of determining the location where the eddy current is generated is:

[0040] Traverse the time and space domain data, solve the flow information and energy information at each process position and elevation position, and judge whether the flow information and energy information meet the conditions for the generation of vortex vortex street. If yes, mark the process position and elevation position as the location where the vortex is generated.

[0041] In some specific embodiments, the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street are sent to the controllable vortex street suppression control module and the turbine speed control module, and the vortex street suppression module and the turbine speed control module are linked to suppress the energy loss caused by the vortex street.

[0042] In some specific implementation schemes, according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street in the target area, the vortex street flow and energy changes are tracked to minimize the water flow energy loss in the entire target area, so as to achieve the purpose of increasing power generation and thus improve the power generation efficiency of the turbine.

[0043] In a second aspect, the present application provides a system for improving the power generation efficiency of a hydraulic turbine, applying the above-mentioned method for improving the power generation efficiency of a hydraulic turbine, including installing a plurality of hydrophone arrays along a target area in a target area at a water inlet of a hydraulic turbine, each hydrophone array corresponding to an edge computing node, and a central control system for communicating with each edge computing node, the central control system comprising:

[0044] The data acquisition module is used to obtain the basic data uploaded by the edge computing node, save the basic data into the data set to be processed, and perform data preprocessing on the basic data in the data to be processed;

[0045] The data splicing module is used to align and splice the basic data after data preprocessing to obtain spatiotemporal data, and draw the corresponding spatiotemporal images according to the spatiotemporal data;

[0046] The eddy current position determination module is used to analyze the time-space domain data, deduce the flow information and energy information in the target area, determine the location of the eddy current based on the flow information and energy information, and display it in the drawn time-space domain image;

[0047] The control module is used to obtain the distribution of vortex streets in the target area according to the location where the vortex is generated, and optimize the parameters of various equipment in the turbine for suppressing the generation of vortex streets according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex streets.

[0048] The present invention has the beneficial effects:

[0049] The present application uses a hydrophone array, which can be installed in front of the water intake and at the rear of the tail pipe. If the optimization effect needs to be enhanced, it can be installed at intervals along the waterway of the aqueduct. The environmental data of the target area collected by the hydrophone array is analyzed to obtain the global spatiotemporal data from the water intake to the river outlet. The flow and energy information in the target area can be inferred based on the spatiotemporal data, and the vortex position can be determined. The equipment parameters are optimized based on the vortex position. For example, the location where the vortex is generated can be counted so that the speed regulator control parameters can be optimized based on the vortex position statistical data to improve the power generation efficiency. The energy dissipation sill and wave-dissipation water inlet device can also be introduced based on the vortex position statistical data to reduce the probability of vortex production, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0050] This application obtains relevant real-time data on the water vortex street pushed by the turbine blades through the hydrophone array, which can be linked to the turbine speed governor to reduce the energy loss caused by the vortex street by optimizing the turbine speed, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0051] This application obtains relevant historical data on vibration, impact and vortex street of turbine blades through a hydroacoustic array, and can predict the health of turbine blades and generator sets. Through health assessment and preventive maintenance of turbine sets, the maintenance time can be shortened or health risk points can be discovered in advance, and downtime for maintenance can be reduced, thereby improving power generation efficiency.

[0052] The vortex and vibration data collected in this application can be used for optimization of turbine blades. Through optimization of turbine blades, the power generation efficiency can be further improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] Figure 1 A flow chart of a method for improving power generation efficiency of a water turbine provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a hydropower generation scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of installing a hydrophone array in a target area provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a flow diagram drawn based on spatiotemporal vibration data provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of an energy diagram drawn based on time-space domain frequency data provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0058] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way restricts the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0059] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements of components and steps, numerical expressions and values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention.

[0060] At the same time, it should be understood that for the sake of convenience of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual proportional relationships.

[0061] In addition, for the sake of clarity and conciseness, the descriptions of well-known structures, functions and configurations may be omitted. Those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that various changes and modifications can be made to the examples described herein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.

[0062] The techniques, methods and devices known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, the techniques, methods and devices should be regarded as part of the authorization specification.

[0063] In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.

[0064] The presence of vortices will increase the turbulence and resistance of the water flow, reduce the speed and pressure of the water flow, and thus affect the normal operation and power generation efficiency of the water turbine. Vortices mainly affect the following aspects of the water turbine:

[0065] Reduce the effective inlet area: Vortices will occupy a certain inlet area, resulting in a reduction in the effective inlet area, thereby reducing the amount of water flow through the water turbine and affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0066] Increase the resistance of the water flow: Vortices will increase the resistance of the water flow, causing the water flow to overcome greater resistance when passing through the water turbine, consuming part of the energy and reducing the power generation efficiency.

[0067] Affect the flow of water: Vortices disrupt the flow state of water, making the flow of water in the impeller unstable, which affects the working efficiency and power output of the impeller. To sum up, the influence of vortices on the power generation efficiency of water turbines is relatively obvious, resulting in energy loss and efficiency reduction. Therefore, when designing and operating water turbines, measures need to be taken to reduce the generation of vortices and improve the efficiency and power generation performance of water turbines.

[0068] In a hydroelectric power generation system, the sensing means for control includes a water level sensor: used to measure the water level of a reservoir or dam to monitor water level changes and control the water flow.

[0069] A flow sensor: used to measure the flow velocity and flow rate of water to monitor the water flow condition and perform flow regulation.

[0070] A pressure sensor: used to monitor changes in water pressure, especially used in water turbines and water pipelines to ensure the safe operation of the system.

[0071] A temperature sensor: used to monitor the water temperature, especially in water turbines and power generation equipment to ensure that the equipment operates within the normal working temperature range.

[0072] A vibration sensor: used to monitor the vibration condition of equipment such as water turbines for equipment condition monitoring and fault diagnosis. The above sensing means have little effect on reducing vortices and improving hydroelectric power generation efficiency at the same time.

[0073] Due to the particularity of the water flow environment, traditional sensors (such as pressure sensors and flow velocity sensors) are difficult to accurately capture the changes in eddies in a hydroelectric power generation system. Therefore, in this application, an underwater microphone array is used as a sensor device to collect the water flow environment, and the specific solution is as follows:

[0074] Embodiment 1

[0075] As Figure 1 shown, this embodiment provides a method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0076] S1. Obtain the basic data collected in real time by each underwater microphone array installed in the target area and save it to a dataset to be processed;

[0077] The application scenario in this embodiment is as Figures 2 - 3As shown in the figure, the water turbine is installed below the power plant and connected to the output shaft of the generator in the power plant. The water inlet of the water turbine is connected to the pressure pipeline. A water flow is formed in the pressure pipeline, flowing from the water inlet of the reservoir into the water channel of the water turbine. An array of hydrophones is installed in the water channel, in front of the water intake, and behind the draft tube. Multiple hydrophone arrays in the water channel are installed at equal intervals along the water channel. The hydrophone arrays installed in front of the water intake, behind the draft tube, and in the water channel are used to comprehensively collect the environmental data of the target area within the target area. In this embodiment, high-sensitivity hydrophones are used for the hydrophone array to cover the target area. Preferably, the hydrophone array adopts a circular array arrangement to optimize the spatial resolution. And TTE is used to ensure the time synchronization of multiple hydrophone sensors (error < 1 μs).

[0078] In this embodiment, the core of the hydrophone array is a 32-bit high-precision ADC chip. Data is collected at a sampling rate of 4M, and the environmental data of the target area is converted into basic vibration data through digital filtering. The basic data is converted into frequency-domain data through Fourier transform. The data format is time stamp + hydrophone array number + 32-bit vibration data group [4M].

[0079] Specifically, the process of obtaining the basic data is as follows:

[0080] S11. Record the time when each hydrophone array collects each piece of environmental data of the target area, and perform digital filtering on the environmental data of the target area to convert it into basic vibration data;

[0081] S12. Convert the basic vibration data into frequency-domain data through Fourier transform. Take the basic vibration data and frequency-domain data corresponding to the same collection time as a group of vibration data groups, and store them according to the preset data format to obtain a piece of basic data, which is stored in the dataset to be processed. The data format is: time stamp + hydrophone array number + vibration data group.

[0082] S2. Perform data preprocessing on the basic data in the dataset to be processed. Align and splice the preprocessed basic data to obtain spatio-temporal domain data, and draw the corresponding spatio-temporal domain image according to the spatio-temporal domain data;

[0083] In order to obtain accurate data for calculating the position of the eddy current and vortex street, it is necessary to preprocess the basic data. The preprocessing includes operations such as data cleaning, denoising, and format conversion to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. For the basic vibration data and frequency data, through threshold judgment and frequency domain frequency selection confirmation, the water flow background noise from a few hertz to dozens of hertz can be suppressed, and the high-frequency small signals of the vortex street or eddy current can be amplified. Data cleaning mainly removes data below or above the threshold to prevent invalid or incorrect data from affecting system recognition. At the same time, the number of invalid data and the associated hydrophones need to be recorded to confirm whether the hydrophones need to be replaced due to failure. Among them, the frequency of the vortex street is from one hundred to several thousand hertz, which needs to be selected according to the on-site target area and water flow conditions, and set and amplified accordingly.

[0084] The process of data preprocessing in step S2 includes:

[0085] Traverse the frequency domain data in each piece of basic data in the dataset to be processed, perform frequency selection confirmation on the frequency domain data. When the frequency domain data does not meet the preset threshold, mark this piece of basic data as invalid and delete it from the dataset to be processed. At the same time, record the hydrophone array number in this piece of basic data;

[0086] After traversing the dataset to be processed, count the number of invalid data and the hydrophone array number corresponding to each invalid data, and judge whether the hydrophone array corresponding to the invalid data fails and replace it according to the statistical results.

[0087] The specific process of obtaining the spatio-temporal domain data in step S2 is as follows:

[0088] S21. Align each piece of basic data after data preprocessing on the time side, summarize the basic data at the same acquisition time, and separately count the basic vibration data and frequency domain data in the vibration data to obtain a first data queue and a second data queue. The first data queue is used to store the basic vibration data collected by each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time, and the second data queue is used to store the frequency domain data collected by each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time;

[0089] S22. Splice the data in the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the order of the process positions of the hydrophone arrays corresponding to the data to form a vibration process data group and a frequency domain process data group arranged along the target area process at the same acquisition time;

[0090] S23. Splice the data in the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the order of the elevation positions of the hydrophone arrays corresponding to the data at the same cross-section to form a vibration elevation data group and a frequency domain elevation data group arranged along the cross-section elevation data at the same acquisition time;

[0091] S24. Concatenate the vibration process data group and the vibration elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain the spatio-temporal domain vibration data, and concatenate the frequency-domain process data group and the frequency-domain elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain the spatio-temporal domain frequency data;

[0092] S25. Sort the spatio-temporal domain vibration data and the spatio-temporal domain frequency data of each basic data at all acquisition times according to the process and elevation to form the spatio-temporal domain data.

[0093] The preprocessed data is aligned on the time side; concatenate them in the order of the process positions where the hydrophone arrays are located to form two groups of data along the process of the target area, and their data formats are data[time array][process position group][vibration data group] and data[time array][process position group][frequency data group] respectively;

[0094] At the same time, sort and splice the data according to the elevation positions of the same cross-section where the hydrophones are located to form the elevation data of a specific cross-section, and their data formats are data[time array][elevation position array][vibration data group] and data[time array][elevation position array][frequency data group] respectively;

[0095] Sort all the data according to the process and elevation to form the spatio-temporal domain data, and its data format is data[time array][process position array][elevation position array][vibration data group] and data[time array][process position array][elevation position array][frequency data group] respectively.

[0096] After obtaining the two groups of data of the above spatio-temporal domain data, spatio-temporal domain images can be drawn according to the actual situation of the target area. The spatio-temporal domain images include a flow diagram drawn according to the spatio-temporal domain vibration data as Figure 4 shown, and an energy diagram drawn according to the spatio-temporal domain frequency data as Figure 5 shown. The flow diagram mainly focuses on deducing the dynamic characteristics such as the flow direction and flow rate of eddies and vortex streets; the energy diagram mainly focuses on deducing the energy characteristics of eddies and vortex streets. Drawing the energy diagram and the flow direction diagram can help developers perform visual confirmation and algorithm optimization confirmation. In the system control and algorithm optimization stages, only the above basic data needs to be used for model training and optimization.

[0097] S3. Analyze the spatio-temporal domain data, deduce the flow information and energy information in the target area, determine the positions where eddies are generated according to the flow information and energy information, and display them in the drawn spatio-temporal domain images;

[0098] Since vortex shedding produces a narrowband peak near the Strouhal frequency, while the spectrum of turbulent or laminar flow without vortices is a broadband random distribution, spectrum analysis (frequency data) can be used to quickly determine whether there is a vortex in the water flow, and further combine time domain signals and spatial positioning technology to achieve accurate detection. In practical applications, it is necessary to eliminate the interference of environmental noise and mechanical vibration, and use multi-sensor fusion and signal enhancement algorithms when necessary.

[0099] Specifically, the time-space domain data is traversed, and the time-space domain vibration data is used to deduce the flow information of the target area. The flow information includes flow direction and flow velocity. The time-space domain frequency data is used to deduce the energy information in the target area. Solve the flow information and energy information at each process position and elevation position, and determine whether the flow information and energy information meet the conditions for the generation of vortex vortex streets. If they do, mark the process position and elevation position as the location where the vortex is generated. That is, when traversing the time-space domain frequency data, determine whether the characteristic frequency narrowband peak in the frequency data meets the threshold condition signal and count the frequency data that meets the conditions. Combined with time difference positioning (TDOA) and beamforming to confirm the vortex position, when drawing the energy graph, it is drawn in the energy graph with different brightness according to the characteristic frequency interval where the frequency data is located. Figure 5 In the energy diagram shown, the process flow is the horizontal axis and the time is the vertical axis. The brightness in the diagram is the eddy current intensity, that is, the corresponding frequency data. The energy diagram is drawn according to the brightness corresponding to the time, process flow and frequency, so as to obtain the eddy current running trajectory in the energy diagram. The eddy current running trajectory of the energy diagram is identified, and the water flow velocity deduced from the flow direction diagram is combined to determine whether the eddy current complies with the relevant basic principles of fluid mechanics. For example, whether the eddy current moves forward with the increase of time. If so, it is proved that it complies, and the relevant trajectory that complies with fluid mechanics is displayed on the display interface.

[0100] S4. According to the location where the vortex is generated, the distribution of the vortex street in the target area is obtained, and the parameters of various devices in the turbine for suppressing the generation of the vortex street are optimized according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street.

[0101] The distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street are sent to the controllable vortex street suppression control module and the turbine speed control module, and the vortex street suppression module and the turbine speed control module are linked to suppress the energy loss caused by the vortex street.

[0102] It is also possible to track the vortex flow and energy changes according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street in the target area, so as to minimize the water flow energy loss in the entire target area, thereby achieving the purpose of increasing power generation and thus improving the power generation efficiency of the turbine.

[0103] When optimizing the device parameters, the positions where eddy currents are generated are statistically analyzed, and the power generation efficiency at that time is recorded, so as to form a corresponding statistic between the power generation efficiency and the eddy currents, so as to optimize the governor control algorithm according to the statistical data to improve the power generation efficiency; according to the statistical characteristics of the positions where eddy currents are generated, energy dissipation weirs and wave-dissipating water inlet devices are introduced to reduce the probability of eddy current generation, thereby improving the power generation efficiency.

[0104] In addition, through the statistical analysis of the eddy current distribution, the accumulation of sediments in the target area of the water turbine unit can be reflected, which can assist the power station in making a cleaning plan. The system can set a threshold value, and the system can intelligently give suggestions for cleaning and dredging.

[0105] Embodiment 2

[0106] This embodiment provides a system for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine, which applies the method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine in Embodiment 1, including a plurality of hydrophone arrays installed along the target area in the target area at the water inlet of the water turbine. Each hydrophone array corresponds to an edge computing node, a central control system for communicating with each edge computing node, and a device control module communicating with the central control system. The device control module includes an eddy current and vortex street suppression module, a water turbine speed regulation control module, and an eddy current and vortex street detection module;

[0107] Among them, the central control system includes:

[0108] A data acquisition module, which is used to obtain the basic data uploaded by the edge computing node, save the basic data to a dataset to be processed, and perform data preprocessing on the basic data in the data to be processed;

[0109] A data splicing module, which is used to align and splice the preprocessed basic data to obtain spatio-temporal domain data, and draw a corresponding spatio-temporal domain image according to the spatio-temporal domain data;

[0110] An eddy current position determination module, which is used to analyze the spatio-temporal domain data, deduce the flow information and energy information in the target area, determine the position where the eddy current is generated according to the flow information and energy information, and display it in the drawn spatio-temporal domain image;

[0111] A control module, which is used to obtain the distribution of eddy current and vortex streets in the target area according to the position where the eddy current is generated, and send the distribution of eddy current and vortex streets, flow information and energy information to each specific device control module to optimize the device parameters for suppressing the generation of eddy current and vortex streets in the water turbine.

[0112] The eddy current and vortex street detection module tracks the flow direction and energy change of the eddy current and vortex street, adjusts the water flow energy loss in the entire target area to the minimum direction, and achieves the purpose of increasing the power generation amount, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the water turbine.

[0113] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Based on the technical essence of the present invention, any simple modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made to the above embodiments within the spirit and principles of the present invention still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine, characterized in that: The specific steps include: S1, obtaining basic data collected in real time by each hydrophone array installed in the target area, and saving it in a data set to be processed; The process of obtaining basic data is: S11, recording the time when each hydrophone array collects each piece of target area environmental data, and performing digital filtering on the target area environmental data to convert it into basic vibration data; S12, converting the basic vibration data into frequency domain data through Fourier transform, taking the basic vibration data and frequency domain data corresponding to the same acquisition time as a group of vibration data sets, and storing them according to a preset data format to obtain a piece of basic data, and storing it in a data set to be processed, the data format is: time tag + hydrophone array number + vibration data set; S2, preprocessing the basic data in the data set to be processed, aligning and splicing the basic data after data preprocessing to obtain spatiotemporal data, and drawing the corresponding spatiotemporal images according to the spatiotemporal data; The specific process of obtaining the spatiotemporal data in step S2 is as follows: S21, aligning the basic data after data preprocessing on the time side, summarizing the basic data of the same acquisition time, and counting the basic vibration data and frequency domain data in the vibration data respectively, to obtain a first data queue and a second data queue, the first data queue is used to store the basic vibration data collected by each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time, and the second data queue is used to store the frequency domain data of each hydrophone array at the same acquisition time; S22, splicing the data of the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the process position sequence of the hydrophone array corresponding to the data, to form a vibration process data group and a frequency domain process data group arranged along the process of the target area at the same acquisition time; S23, splicing the data of the first data queue and the second data queue respectively according to the order of the elevation positions of the hydrophone arrays corresponding to the data in the same cross section, to form a vibration elevation data group and a frequency domain elevation data group arranged along the cross section elevation data at the same acquisition time; S24, splicing the vibration process data group and the vibration elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain spatiotemporal vibration data, and splicing the frequency domain process data group and the frequency domain elevation data group at the same acquisition time to obtain spatiotemporal frequency data; S25, sorting the spatiotemporal vibration data and spatiotemporal frequency data of each basic data at all acquisition times according to the process and elevation to form spatiotemporal data; S3, analyzing the time-space domain data, calculating the flow information and energy information in the target area, determining the location where the eddy current is generated according to the flow information and energy information, and displaying it in the drawn time-space domain image; S4. According to the location where the vortex is generated, the distribution of the vortex street in the target area is obtained, and the parameters of various devices in the turbine for suppressing the generation of the vortex street are optimized according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street.

2. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The data preprocessing process in step S2 includes: Traversing the frequency domain data in each basic data in the data set to be processed, performing frequency selection confirmation on the frequency domain data, and when the frequency domain data does not meet the preset threshold, marking the basic data as invalid and deleting it from the data set to be processed, and recording the hydrophone array number in the basic data; After traversing the data set to be processed, the number of invalid data and the hydrophone array number corresponding to each invalid data are counted and recorded, and whether the hydrophone array corresponding to the invalid data is invalid or not is determined and replaced according to the statistical result.

3. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow information of the target area is deduced using the vibration data in the time-space domain, and the energy information in the target area is deduced using the frequency data in the time-space domain.

4. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flow information includes flow direction and flow velocity, and the spatiotemporal images include flow diagrams drawn based on spatiotemporal vibration data and energy diagrams drawn based on spatiotemporal frequency data.

5. The method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The process of determining the location where the eddy current is generated is: Traverse the time and space domain data, solve the flow information and energy information at each process position and elevation position, and judge whether the flow information and energy information meet the conditions for the generation of vortex vortex street. If yes, mark the process position and elevation position as the location where the vortex is generated.

6. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street are sent to the controllable vortex street suppression control module and the turbine speed control module, and the vortex street suppression module and the turbine speed control module are linked to suppress the energy loss caused by the vortex street.

7. A method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine according to claim 3, characterized in that: According to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex street in the target area, the vortex street flow and energy changes are tracked to minimize the water flow energy loss in the entire target area.

8. A system for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine, using a method for improving the power generation efficiency of a water turbine as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes a plurality of hydrophone arrays installed along the target area in the target area at the water inlet of the turbine, each hydrophone array corresponds to an edge computing node, and a central control system for communicating with each edge computing node, the central control system includes: The data acquisition module is used to obtain the basic data uploaded by the edge computing node, save the basic data into the data set to be processed, and perform data preprocessing on the basic data in the data to be processed; The data splicing module is used to align and splice the basic data after data preprocessing to obtain spatiotemporal data, and draw the corresponding spatiotemporal images according to the spatiotemporal data; The eddy current position determination module is used to analyze the time-space domain data, deduce the flow information and energy information in the target area, determine the location of the eddy current based on the flow information and energy information, and display it in the drawn time-space domain image; The control module is used to obtain the distribution of vortex streets in the target area according to the location where the vortex is generated, and optimize the parameters of various equipment in the turbine for suppressing the generation of vortex streets according to the distribution, flow information and energy information of the vortex streets.

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