Machine tool spindle dynamic balance testing device

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of detection structures, in particular to a machine tool spindle dynamic balance testing device which comprises an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit, the eccentric vibration unit can drive a shaft body to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body; the eccentric vibration unit comprises a supporting ring installed on the shaft body and a rotating body eccentrically rotating on the supporting ring. The shaft body is made to be static, the shaft body is driven to vibrate through rotation vibration of the eccentric vibration unit, and therefore the amplitude of the shaft body can be increased under the condition that the center of gravity of the shaft body deviates, and whether dynamic balance of the shaft body is qualified or not can be judged by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirement or not. Therefore, the danger in the operation process is greatly reduced, and a safer, simpler, more convenient and more efficient dynamic balance test solution for the machine tool spindle can be provided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of detection structures, in particular to a dynamic balancing test device for a machine tool spindle. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool spindle is the core component of precision processing equipment such as CNC machine tools, lathes, milling machines, and grinders. Its performance directly affects the processing accuracy, surface quality, and production efficiency. During the processing of the spindle, due to factors such as uneven density distribution of the spindle material, deviations in the geometric shape and size of the spindle or the installed parts, the center of gravity of the spindle will shift. When the spindle rotates, centrifugal force will be generated, causing vibration and noise, which will affect the processing quality and equipment life. Therefore, ensuring the dynamic balance of the machine tool spindle is a key link in improving the performance of the machine tool.

[0003] The commonly used dynamic balancing test is completed using a dynamic balancing machine. The spindle is installed on the dynamic balancing machine and rotated. The spindle vibration amplitude is measured at a specified speed to complete the test of the spindle dynamic balance. However, due to the large size and weight of the spindle, the kinetic energy of the spindle is high when it rotates, so this measurement method is more dangerous. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device, the specific technical solution adopted by the present invention is: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device is provided, comprising an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit, wherein the eccentric vibration unit can drive the shaft body to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body; The eccentric vibration unit includes a support ring mounted on the shaft body and a rotating body eccentrically rotating on the support ring.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shaft is arranged vertically.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the position of the rotating body on the supporting ring is adjustable.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, an auxiliary ring is rotatably provided on the support ring, the rotating body is slidably provided on the auxiliary ring along the radial direction of the support ring, and the rotating body and the auxiliary ring are fastened to each other via a connecting piece.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least two sets of power structures are relatively arranged on the support ring, and the power structures provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, a clamping structure is provided on the support ring.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, the clamping structure includes at least two arched plates arranged opposite to each other on the support ring, each of the arched plates is provided with at least two threaded rods, each of the threaded rods is threaded with a threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged on the support ring; A power ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring, and the power ring is transmission-connected with the threaded sleeve.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit comprises a laser vibrometer.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit further includes a rotating ring rotating around the shaft, and the laser vibrometer is fixed on the rotating ring.

[0013] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit further includes a base and a movable table, the movable table moves on a horizontal plane on the base, the movable table and the base are connected via a plurality of elastic bodies, and the rotating ring is rotatably disposed on the base.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By making the shaft body stationary and utilizing the rotational vibration of the eccentric vibration unit to drive the shaft body to vibrate, the amplitude of the shaft body can be increased when the center of gravity of the shaft body is offset. In this way, it is possible to determine whether the dynamic balance of the shaft body is qualified by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirements. This method does not require the shaft body itself to rotate, thereby greatly reducing the danger during operation. Therefore, the present invention can provide a safer, simpler and more efficient machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test solution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an amplitude detection unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a shaft body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of an eccentric vibration unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5yes Figure 4 Another structural diagram of the eccentric vibration unit from another perspective; Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the eccentric vibration unit in the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of a rotating body in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the support ring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Reference numerals: 100, shaft body; 200, eccentric vibration unit; 201, support ring; 202, rotating body; 203, auxiliary ring; 204, power structure; 205, arch plate; 206, threaded rod; 207, threaded sleeve; 208, power ring; 209, handle; 300, amplitude detection unit; 301, rotating ring; 302, laser vibrometer; 303, base; 304, movable table; 305, elastic body. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0019] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the dynamic balancing test device for a machine tool spindle of the present invention comprises an eccentric vibration unit 200 and an amplitude detection unit 300. The eccentric vibration unit 200 can drive the shaft body 100 to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit 300 can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100. The eccentric vibration unit 200 drives the shaft body 100 to vibrate by rotating the eccentric vibration unit 200 on the shaft body 100, and utilizing the gravity center offset setting of the eccentric vibration unit 200 to make the eccentric vibration unit 200 itself in a rotational vibration state, so that the eccentric vibration unit 200 transmits the vibration to the shaft body 100. When the gravity center of the shaft body 100 is located on its own axis, that is, when the gravity center of the shaft body 100 is within a specified range, the eccentric vibration unit 200 drives the shaft body 100 to vibrate. The vibration of the shaft body 100 will make the amplitude of the shaft body 100 within the specified range, and when the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is offset, the vibration of the shaft body 100 driven by the eccentric vibration unit 200 will make the amplitude of the shaft body 100 exceed the specified range, that is, due to the phenomenon of the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 itself being offset, the amplitude of the shaft body 100 increases, thereby realizing the dynamic balance test of the shaft body 100, and the test method only needs to keep the shaft body 100 still, and the rotational vibration of other structures can be used to make the shaft body 100 vibrate, thereby reducing the risk of the shaft body 100 rotating and improving the safety of the detection work, and the detection method is simple and easy to operate, and the amplitude detection unit 300 can detect the amplitude of the shaft body 100 and realize the dynamic balance test of the shaft body 100; In actual use, since the shaft body 100 itself does not have a special structure or factors that can cause other energy to interfere with the rotational balance of the shaft body 100, it is only necessary to measure the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 to achieve the test of the dynamic balance of the shaft body 100; Here, the specific structural form of the eccentric vibration unit 200 can be adopted. The eccentric vibration unit 200 includes a support ring 201 installed on the shaft body 100 and a rotating body 202 eccentrically rotating on the support ring 201. The rotating body 202 rotates around the axis of the shaft body 100. Since the rotating body 202 is eccentric to the support ring 201, the rotating body 202 will also be eccentric to the shaft body 100. Here, the support ring 201 mainly provides support for the rotating body 202 and makes the support ring 201 coaxially fixed with the shaft body 100. The rotating body 202 can be any structure such as a ring, a block, a plate, etc., as long as the rotating body 202 can eccentrically and rotate on the support ring 201. Of course, in the specific operation, it is necessary to first use the eccentric vibration unit 200 and the amplitude detection unit 300 to measure a shaft body 100 that meets the requirements and collect data, and then use the data as a reference to detect other shaft bodies 100 to be measured. When the test data does not meet the reference data, the dynamic balance of the tested shaft body 100 is unqualified; By making the shaft 100 stationary and using the rotational vibration of the eccentric vibration unit 200 to drive the shaft 100 to vibrate, the amplitude of the shaft 100 can be increased when the center of gravity of the shaft 100 is offset. In this way, it is possible to determine whether the dynamic balance of the shaft 100 is qualified by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirements. This method does not require the shaft 100 itself to rotate, thereby greatly reducing the danger during the operation. The design of the test device allows the dynamic balance test to be performed only by keeping the shaft 100 stationary, which simplifies the operating steps of the traditional dynamic balancing machine. , reducing the need for large equipment and improving operational convenience and flexibility; using the center of gravity offset design of the eccentric vibration unit 200 component to transmit vibration, and detecting the vibration amplitude through the amplitude detection unit 300, it can accurately determine whether the shaft body 100 is in a dynamic balance state. When the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is within the specified range, the vibration amplitude is also within the allowable range; otherwise, it indicates that there is a center of gravity offset problem. This detection method can effectively identify imbalance conditions. Therefore, the present invention can provide a safer, simpler and more efficient machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test solution.

[0020] Optimized in the above implementation, the support ring 201 is installed at the shoulder position of the shaft body 100. In this way, by utilizing the structural characteristics of the shaft body 100 itself, the support ring 201 can be fixed more conveniently and stably, thereby improving the operating stability of the eccentric vibration unit 200 and preventing the eccentric vibration unit 200 from moving on the shaft body 100; of course, in some cases, when the shoulder position of the shaft body 100 is small or has a special shape, the eccentric vibration unit 200 can also be directly installed on the outer wall of the shaft body 100.

[0021] Since the shaft body 100 itself has a certain weight, when the axis of the shaft body 100 is horizontal, the effect of gravity on the shaft body 100 will cause the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100 to be greatly affected. To avoid this situation, the shaft body 100 is vertically arranged, so that when the eccentric vibration unit 200 vibrates, it is only on the horizontal plane. Therefore, the vibration transmitted to the shaft body 100 by the eccentric vibration unit 200 is also on the horizontal plane, and gravity has little effect on the vibration of the shaft body 100, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the shaft body 100.

[0022] When the center of gravity offset of the shaft body 100 is small or when the shaft bodies 100 of different weights and hardnesses are to be tested, it is necessary to adjust the sensitivity of the eccentric vibration unit 200. At this time, the vibration amplitude of the eccentric vibration unit 200 itself can be adjusted, that is, the position of the rotating body 202 on the support ring 201 can be adjusted. In this way, the vibration amplitude of the rotating body 202 when rotating on the support ring 201 will change, that is, the vibration intensity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 will change. This method can significantly improve the detection accuracy and the detection application range. Of course, when adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric vibration unit 200, the benchmark data needs to be collected again.

[0023] Furthermore, if Figures 6 to 8 As shown, an auxiliary ring 203 is rotatably arranged on the support ring 201, and the rotating body 202 is slidably arranged on the auxiliary ring 203 along the radial direction of the support ring 201, and the rotating body 202 and the auxiliary ring 203 are fastened and connected by a connecting piece. By utilizing the auxiliary ring 203, an eccentric rotation connection relationship between the rotating body 202 and the support ring 201 can be realized, and the connecting piece can realize a fastening connection effect between the rotating body 202 and the auxiliary ring 203. When the rotating body 202 moves on the auxiliary ring 203, the eccentricity adjustment function of the rotating body 202 can be realized; the connecting piece mentioned here can be a structure used for connection, such as a bolt and a top screw.

[0024] Furthermore, if Figures 7 and 8 As shown, at least two groups of power structures 204 are relatively arranged on the support ring 201, and the power structures 204 provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring 203; each power structure 204 is distributed in a ring shape around the axis of the support ring 201, and the overall center of gravity of each power structure 204 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201, thereby avoiding the setting of the power structure 204 to interfere with the center of gravity of the eccentric vibration unit 200, improving the detection accuracy, and at the same time, the power structure 204 provides power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring 203; The specific structure of the power structure 204 can be in the form of a transmission ring arranged on the auxiliary ring 203, and a motor and a transmission wheel arranged on the support ring 201, so that the motor drives the transmission ring to rotate through the transmission wheel, thereby driving the auxiliary ring 203 to rotate.

[0025] Since the diameter of the support ring 201 cannot match the diameter of each model of the shaft body 100 in actual use, in order to install the support ring 201 on the shaft body 100, it is necessary to adopt a method in which a clamping structure is provided on the support ring 201. Of course, this method can make the diameter of the support ring 201 larger, so that one support ring 201 can be suitable for multiple models of shaft bodies 100; Moreover, when such a clamping structure is selected, it should also have a centering function, that is, the support ring 201 needs to be coaxial with the shaft body 100, thereby avoiding interference of the support ring 201 with the center of gravity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 and improving the detection accuracy.

[0026] Furthermore, if Figures 6 to 8As shown, the clamping structure includes at least two arched plates 205 arranged opposite to each other on the support ring 201, each arched plate 205 is provided with at least two threaded rods 206, each threaded rod 206 is threaded with a threaded sleeve 207, and the threaded sleeve 207 is rotatably arranged on the support ring 201; each arched plate 205 is arranged in a ring shape around the axis of the support ring 201, so that when the multiple arched plates 205 move, they can squeeze the shaft body 100, thereby fixing the support ring 201 on the shaft body 100, and due to the characteristics of the shape of the arched plates 205, the clamping effect can still be achieved when the number of the arched plates 205 is set to two, the threaded sleeve 207 passes through the support ring 201 and is rotatably connected, and the threaded rod 206 passes through the threaded sleeve 207 and is threadedly connected. When the threaded sleeve 207 rotates, it will push the arched plate 205 to move through the threaded rod 206, thereby achieving clamping and loosening work; In order to achieve the centering effect, a power ring 208 is rotatably provided on the support ring 201. The power ring 208 is transmission-connected to the threaded sleeve 207. The power ring 208 provides power to the threaded sleeve 207 on each arch plate 205, thereby ensuring that the multiple arch plates 205 can move synchronously.

[0027] Furthermore, if Figure 6 As shown, at least two handles 209 are relatively arranged on the power ring 208. The handles 209 are mainly for the convenience of workers to operate the rotating power ring 208. The relative arrangement can ensure that the overall center of gravity of each handle 209 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201, thereby reducing interference and improving detection accuracy.

[0028] In order to detect the amplitude of the shaft 100, the amplitude detection unit 300 includes a laser vibrometer 302, which mainly uses the laser Doppler effect to measure the velocity change on the surface of the object, and obtains the displacement, that is, the amplitude, by integrating the velocity signal. This detection structure can be used for precise measurement of high-frequency and small vibrations, and because it is a non-contact measurement, its measurement accuracy is higher and it can be used in more complex environments.

[0029] When the shaft body 100 is inspected, in order to facilitate the inspection of the center of gravity of the shaft body 100, the following method can be used: Figure 2In the manner shown, the amplitude detection unit 300 further includes a rotating ring 301 rotating around the shaft body 100, and a laser vibrometer 302 is fixed on the rotating ring 301, wherein the rotation axis of the rotating ring 301 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201, so that the rotating ring 301 can drive the laser vibrometer 302 to rotate, thereby causing the laser vibrometer 302 to rotate around the shaft body 100, and the laser vibrometer 302 can detect the amplitude at different positions of the shaft body 100 in the circumferential direction, so as to finally determine the eccentric position of the shaft body 100, and combine the detection of the amplitude size to determine the eccentricity of the shaft body 100, so as to achieve a more comprehensive and accurate detection of the shaft body 100.

[0030] When the shaft body 100 is detected, since the shaft body 100 needs to vibrate, it is necessary to use the following Figure 2 In the manner shown, the amplitude detection unit 300 further includes a base 303 and a movable platform 304. The movable platform 304 moves on a horizontal plane on the base 303. The movable platform 304 and the base 303 are connected by a plurality of elastic bodies 305. The rotating ring 301 is rotatably disposed on the base 303. In order to realize the connection between the base 303 and the movable platform 304 and meet the movement requirements of the movable platform 304, two limit plates can be set on the base 303, and each limit plate is densely covered with balls, so as to achieve the effect of limiting the movable platform 304 and allowing the movable platform 304 to move. When the shaft body 100 vibrates, it will drive the movable platform 304 to vibrate on the horizontal plane on the base 303. The elastic body 305 is mainly set to help the movable platform 304 reset. Of course, since the elastic body 305 itself hinders and interferes with the vibration of the shaft body 100, the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100 can be increased by adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric vibration unit 200, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the detection work. The rotating ring 301 can be powered by a motor installed on the base 303; the elastic body 305 can be a spring, a shrapnel, a leaf spring or other structures.

[0031] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device, characterized in that: It includes an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit, wherein the eccentric vibration unit can drive the shaft to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft; The eccentric vibration unit includes a support ring mounted on the shaft body and a rotating body eccentrically rotating on the support ring.

2. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft body is arranged vertically.

3. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the rotating body on the supporting ring can be adjusted.

4. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: An auxiliary ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring, the rotating body is slidably arranged on the auxiliary ring along the radial direction of the support ring, and the rotating body and the auxiliary ring are fastened and connected via a connecting piece.

5. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 4, characterized in that: At least two groups of power structures are arranged opposite to each other on the support ring, and the power structures provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring.

6. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring is provided with a clamping structure.

7. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The clamping structure comprises at least two arched plates arranged opposite to each other on the support ring, each of the arched plates is provided with at least two threaded rods, each of the threaded rods is threaded with a threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged on the support ring; A power ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring, and the power ring is transmission-connected with the threaded sleeve.

8. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The amplitude detection unit includes a laser vibrometer.

9. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The amplitude detection unit further includes a rotating ring rotating around the shaft, and the laser vibrometer is fixed on the rotating ring.

10. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The amplitude detection unit also includes a base and a movable platform. The movable platform moves on a horizontal plane on the base. The movable platform and the base are connected via a plurality of elastic bodies. The rotating ring is rotatably disposed on the base.

Images