Machine tool spindle dynamic balance testing device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of detection structures, in particular to a dynamic balance testing device for a machine tool spindle, which includes an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit. The eccentric vibration unit can drive the shaft body to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body. The eccentric vibration unit includes a support ring mounted on the shaft body and a rotating body that rotates eccentrically on the support ring. By keeping the shaft body stationary and using the rotational vibration of the eccentric vibration unit to drive the shaft body to vibrate, the vibration amplitude of the shaft body can be increased when the center of gravity of the shaft body is offset. In this way, it can be determined whether the dynamic balance of the shaft body is qualified by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirements. This method does not require the shaft body itself to rotate, thus greatly reducing the danger during the operation process. Therefore, the present invention can provide a safer, simpler and more efficient dynamic balance testing solution for the machine tool spindle.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of detection structures, and particularly to a dynamic balance testing device for a machine tool spindle. Background Art

[0002] The machine tool spindle is a core component of precision machining equipment such as CNC machine tools, lathes, milling machines, and grinders. Its performance directly affects machining accuracy, surface quality, and production efficiency. During the machining process of the spindle, due to factors such as uneven density distribution of the spindle material, deviations in the geometric shape and size of the spindle or installation components, the center of gravity of the spindle will shift. When the spindle rotates, centrifugal force will be generated, causing vibration and noise, which will further affect machining quality and equipment life. Therefore, ensuring the dynamic balance of the machine tool spindle is a key link in improving the performance of the machine tool.

[0003] The commonly used dynamic balance testing work is completed by using a dynamic balancing machine. The spindle is installed on the dynamic balancing machine and rotated. When the spindle rotates at a specified speed, the vibration amplitude of the spindle is measured to complete the dynamic balance testing work of the spindle. However, due to the large volume and weight of the spindle, when the spindle rotates, the kinetic energy it has is relatively high. Therefore, this measurement method is relatively dangerous. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a dynamic balance testing device for a machine tool spindle. The specific technical solution adopted is as follows:

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a dynamic balance testing device for a machine tool spindle, including an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit. The eccentric vibration unit can drive the shaft body to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body.

[0006] The eccentric vibration unit includes a support ring installed on the shaft body and a rotating body that rotates eccentrically on the support ring.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shaft body is vertically arranged.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the position of the rotating body on the support ring is adjustable.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, an auxiliary ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring. The rotating body is slidably arranged on the auxiliary ring along the radial direction of the support ring, and the rotating body and the auxiliary ring are tightly connected through a connecting member.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, at least two groups of power structures are oppositely arranged on the support ring. The power structures provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, a clamping structure is provided on the support ring.

[0012] In some embodiments of the present invention, the clamping structure includes at least two arcuate plates oppositely arranged on the support ring. At least two threaded rods are provided on each of the arcuate plates. A threaded sleeve is screwed on each of the threaded rods, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged on the support ring.

[0013] A power ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring, and the power ring is in driving connection with the threaded sleeve.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit includes a laser vibrometer.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit further includes a rotating ring that rotates around the shaft body, and the laser vibrometer is fixed on the rotating ring.

[0016] In some embodiments of the present invention, the amplitude detection unit further includes a base and a movable table. The movable table moves on the horizontal plane of the base, and the movable table is connected to the base through a plurality of elastic bodies. The rotating ring is rotatably arranged on the base.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0018] By making the shaft body stationary and using the rotational vibration of the eccentric vibration unit to drive the shaft body to vibrate, it is possible to increase the amplitude of the shaft body in the case of the center of gravity of the shaft body being offset. In this way, it is possible to determine whether the dynamic balance of the shaft body is qualified by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirements. This method does not require the shaft body itself to rotate, thus greatly reducing the danger in the operation process. Therefore, the present invention can provide a safer, simpler and more efficient dynamic balance test solution for the machine tool spindle. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0020] Figure 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the amplitude detection unit in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3It is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the eccentric vibration unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Another perspective structural diagram of the eccentric vibration unit in

[0025] Figure 6 It is an exploded structural diagram of the eccentric vibration unit in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rotating body in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the support ring in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Reference numerals:

[0029] 100, shaft body;

[0030] 200, eccentric vibration unit; 201, support ring; 202, rotating body; 203, auxiliary ring; 204, power structure; 205, bow-shaped plate; 206, threaded rod; 207, threaded sleeve; 208, power ring; 209, handle;

[0031] 300, amplitude detection unit; 301, rotating ring; 302, laser vibrometer; 303, base; 304, movable table; 305, elastic body. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0033] Such as Figures 1 to 8As shown in the figure, the dynamic balance testing device for the machine tool spindle of the present invention includes an eccentric vibration unit 200 and an amplitude detection unit 300. The eccentric vibration unit 200 can drive the shaft body 100 to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit 300 can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100. The way the eccentric vibration unit 200 drives the shaft body 100 to vibrate is by rotating the eccentric vibration unit 200 on the shaft body 100. By setting the center of gravity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 to be offset, the eccentric vibration unit 200 itself is in a rotational vibration state. In this way, the eccentric vibration unit 200 will transfer the vibration to the shaft body 100. When the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is located on its own axis, that is, when the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is within the specified range, the vibration of the eccentric vibration unit 200 driving the shaft body 100 will cause the amplitude of the shaft body 100 to be within the specified range. When the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is offset, the vibration of the eccentric vibration unit 200 driving the shaft body 100 will cause the amplitude of the shaft body 100 to exceed the specified range. That is, due to the phenomenon of the center of gravity offset of the shaft body 100 itself, the amplitude of the shaft body 100 increases. Thus, the dynamic balance test of the shaft body 100 is realized. And this test method only needs to keep the shaft body 100 stationary, and the rotational vibration of other structures can be used to make the shaft body 100 vibrate. Thus, the risk during the rotation of the shaft body 100 is reduced, and the safety of the detection work is improved. And this detection method is simple and convenient to operate. The amplitude detection unit 300 can detect the amplitude of the shaft body 100 and realize the dynamic balance test of the shaft body 100;

[0034] During actual use, since the shaft body 100 itself does not have special structures or factors that can cause other energies to interfere with the rotational balance of the shaft body 100, only by measuring the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 can the dynamic balance test of the shaft body 100 be realized;

[0035] Here, the specific structural form of the eccentric vibration unit 200 can be adopted. The eccentric vibration unit 200 includes a support ring 201 installed on the shaft body 100 and a rotating body 202 that rotates eccentrically on the support ring 201. The rotating body 202 rotates around the axis of the shaft body 100. Since the rotating body 202 is eccentric to the support ring 201, the rotating body 202 is also eccentric to the shaft body 100. Here, the support ring 201 mainly provides support for the rotating body 202 and makes the support ring 201 coaxially fixed with the shaft body 100. The rotating body 202 can be any structure such as a ring, a block, a plate, etc., as long as it meets the requirements that the rotating body 202 is eccentric and rotates on the support ring 201;

[0036] Of course, during specific operation, it is necessary to first use the eccentric vibration unit 200 and the amplitude detection unit 300 to measure and collect data for a shaft body 100 that meets the requirements. Then, based on this data, other shaft bodies 100 to be measured are detected. When the detection data does not conform to the reference data, the dynamic balance of the detected shaft body 100 is unqualified;

[0037] By keeping the shaft body 100 stationary and using the rotational vibration of the eccentric vibration unit 200 to drive the shaft body 100 to vibrate, it is possible to increase the amplitude of the shaft body 100 in the case of the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 being offset. In this way, it can be determined whether the dynamic balance of the shaft body 100 is qualified by detecting whether the amplitude meets the requirements. This method does not require the shaft body 100 itself to rotate, thus greatly reducing the danger during the operation process; the design of this test device enables the dynamic balance test to be carried out only by keeping the shaft body 100 in a stationary state, simplifies the operation steps of the traditional dynamic balancing machine, reduces the need for large equipment, and improves the operation convenience and flexibility; the center of gravity offset design of the eccentric vibration unit 200 assembly is used to transmit vibration, and the vibration amplitude is detected by the amplitude detection unit 300, which can accurately determine whether the shaft body 100 is in a dynamically balanced state. When the center of gravity of the shaft body 100 is within the specified range, the vibration amplitude is also within the allowable range; otherwise, it indicates that there is a problem with the center of gravity offset. This detection method can effectively identify unbalanced situations. Therefore, the present invention can provide a safer, simpler and more efficient dynamic balance test solution for the machine tool spindle.

[0038] Optimized based on the above implementation, the support ring 201 is installed at the shoulder position of the shaft body 100. In this way, using the structural characteristics of the shaft body 100 itself, it is more convenient and stable to fix the support ring 201, improves the running stability of the eccentric vibration unit 200, and prevents the eccentric vibration unit 200 from moving on the shaft body 100; of course, in some cases, when the shoulder position of the shaft body 100 is small or has a special shape, the eccentric vibration unit 200 can also be directly installed on the outer wall of the shaft body 100.

[0039] Since the shaft body 100 itself has a certain weight, when the axis of the shaft body 100 is horizontal, the action of gravity on the shaft body 100 will cause a greater impact on the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100. To avoid this situation, the shaft body 100 is arranged vertically. In this way, when the eccentric vibration unit 200 vibrates, it is only on the horizontal plane. Therefore, the vibration transmitted from the eccentric vibration unit 200 to the shaft body 100 is also on the horizontal plane, and the influence of gravity on the vibration of the shaft body 100 is small, thereby improving the detection accuracy of the shaft body 100.

[0040] When the center-of-gravity offset of the shaft body 100 is small or when shaft bodies 100 of different weights and hardnesses are detected, it is necessary to adjust the sensitivity of the eccentric vibration unit 200. At this time, the method of adjusting the vibration amplitude of the eccentric vibration unit 200 itself can be adopted, that is, the position of the rotating body 202 on the support ring 201 can be adjusted. In this way, the vibration amplitude when the rotating body 202 rotates on the support ring 201 will change, that is, the vibration intensity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 changes. This method can significantly improve the detection accuracy and the detection applicable range. Of course, when adjusting the eccentricity of the eccentric vibration unit 200, it is necessary to collect the reference data again.

[0041] Further, as Figures 6 to 8 shown, an auxiliary ring 203 is rotatably arranged on the support ring 201. The rotating body 202 is slidably arranged on the auxiliary ring 203 along the radial direction of the support ring 201, and the rotating body 202 and the auxiliary ring 203 are firmly connected by a connecting piece. By using the auxiliary ring 203, the eccentric rotational connection relationship between the rotating body 202 and the support ring 201 can be realized, and the connecting piece can achieve the firm connection effect between the rotating body 202 and the auxiliary ring 203. When the rotating body 202 moves on the auxiliary ring 203, the function of adjusting the eccentricity of the rotating body 202 can be realized; the connecting piece mentioned here can be a structure for connection such as a bolt or a set screw.

[0042] Further, as Figures 7 to 8 shown, at least two groups of power structures 204 are oppositely arranged on the support ring 201. The power structures 204 provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring 203; each power structure 204 is annularly distributed around the axis of the support ring 201, and the overall center of gravity of each power structure 204 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201. Thus, the setting of the power structures 204 is prevented from interfering with the center of gravity of the eccentric vibration unit 200, improving the detection accuracy. At the same time, the power structures 204 provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring 203;

[0043] The specific structure of the power structure 204 can adopt the form of arranging a transmission ring on the auxiliary ring 203 and arranging a motor and a transmission wheel on the support ring 201, so that the motor drives the transmission ring to rotate through the transmission wheel, and then drives the auxiliary ring 203 to rotate.

[0044] Since the diameter of the support ring 201 cannot match the diameter of each model of the shaft body 100 during actual use, in order to install the support ring 201 on the shaft body 100, it is necessary to adopt the method of arranging a clamping structure on the support ring 201. Of course, this method can make the diameter of the support ring 201 larger, so that one support ring 201 can be applicable to multiple models of shaft bodies 100;

[0045] Moreover, when selecting such a clamping structure, it should also have a centering function, that is, it is necessary to make the support ring 201 coaxial with the shaft body 100, thereby avoiding the interference of the support ring 201 on the center of gravity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 and improving the detection accuracy.

[0046] Furthermore, as Figures 6 to 8 shown, the clamping structure includes at least two arcuate plates 205 oppositely arranged on the support ring 201. At least two threaded rods 206 are arranged on each arcuate plate 205. A threaded sleeve 207 is screwed on each threaded rod 206, and the threaded sleeve 207 is rotatably arranged on the support ring 201; the arcuate plates 205 are arranged in a ring around the axis of the support ring 201. In this way, when the multiple arcuate plates 205 move, they can squeeze the shaft body 100, thereby fixing the support ring 201 on the shaft body 100. Due to the characteristics of the shape of the arcuate plate 205, when the number of arcuate plates 205 is set to two, the clamping effect can still be achieved. The threaded sleeve 207 passes through the support ring 201 and is rotatably connected, and the threaded rod 206 passes through the threaded sleeve 207 and is threadedly connected. When the threaded sleeve 207 rotates, it will push the arcuate plate 205 to move through the threaded rod 206, thereby realizing the clamping and loosening operations;

[0047] To achieve the centering effect, a power ring 208 is rotatably arranged on the support ring 201. The power ring 208 is in transmission connection with the threaded sleeve 207, and the power ring 208 is used to provide power for the threaded sleeve 207 on each arcuate plate 205, so as to ensure that the multiple arcuate plates 205 can move synchronously.

[0048] Furthermore, as Figure 6 shown, at least two handles 209 are oppositely arranged on the power ring 208. The handles 209 are mainly used to facilitate the operator to rotate the power ring 208. The opposite arrangement method can ensure that the overall center of gravity of the handles 209 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201, thereby reducing interference and improving the detection accuracy.

[0049] To detect the amplitude of the shaft body 100, the amplitude detection unit 300 includes a laser vibrometer 302, which mainly uses the laser Doppler effect to measure the velocity change of the object surface and obtains the displacement, that is, the amplitude, by integrating the velocity signal. This detection structure is applicable to the precise measurement of high-frequency and micro-vibrations, and because it is a non-contact measurement, its measurement accuracy is higher and it can be applied to a relatively complex environment.

[0050] When detecting the shaft body 100, to facilitate the detection of the position of the center of gravity of the shaft body 100, the following method can be adopted as Figure 2In the manner shown, the amplitude detection unit 300 further includes a rotating ring 301 that rotates around the shaft body 100, and the laser vibrometer 302 is fixed on the rotating ring 301. Among them, the rotation axis of the rotating ring 301 coincides with the axis of the support ring 201. In this way, the rotating ring 301 can drive the laser vibrometer 302 to rotate, so that the laser vibrometer 302 rotates around the shaft body 100. The laser vibrometer 302 can detect the amplitudes at different positions in the circumferential direction of the shaft body 100, and thus can finally determine the eccentric position of the shaft body 100. Combining with the detection of the amplitude size, the eccentricity of the shaft body 100 can be determined, so that a more comprehensive and accurate detection work of the shaft body 100 can be realized.

[0051] When detecting the shaft body 100, since the shaft body 100 needs to vibrate, it is necessary to adopt the method as Figure 2 shown. The amplitude detection unit 300 further includes a base 303 and a movable table 304. The movable table 304 moves on the horizontal plane of the base 303. The movable table 304 and the base 303 are connected by a plurality of elastic bodies 305. The rotating ring 301 is rotatably arranged on the base 303;

[0052] To realize the connection between the base 303 and the movable table 304 and meet the movement requirements of the movable table 304, two limit plates can be arranged on the base 303, and each limit plate is densely covered with ball bearings, so as to realize the limitation of the movable table 304 and the effect of allowing the movable table 304 to move. When the shaft body 100 vibrates, it will drive the movable table 304 to vibrate on the horizontal plane of the base 303. The elastic bodies 305 are mainly provided to help the movable table 304 reset. Of course, since the elastic bodies 305 themselves have obstacles and interferences to the vibration of the shaft body 100, the eccentricity of the eccentric vibration unit 200 can be adjusted to increase the vibration amplitude of the shaft body 100, so as to ensure the smooth progress of the detection work. The rotating ring 301 can be powered by a motor installed on the base 303; the elastic bodies 305 can be structures such as springs, shrapnel, and leaf springs.

[0053] The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and deformations can be made, and these improvements and deformations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device, characterized in that: It includes an eccentric vibration unit and an amplitude detection unit, wherein the eccentric vibration unit can drive the shaft to vibrate, and the amplitude detection unit can detect the vibration amplitude of the shaft; The eccentric vibration unit comprises a support ring mounted on the shaft body and a rotating body eccentrically rotating on the support ring; The shaft body is arranged vertically; A power ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring; The amplitude detection unit includes a laser vibrometer; The amplitude detection unit further includes a rotating ring rotating around the shaft, and the laser vibrometer is fixed on the rotating ring; The amplitude detection unit also includes a base and a movable platform. The movable platform moves on a horizontal plane on the base. The movable platform and the base are connected via a plurality of elastic bodies. The rotating ring is rotatably disposed on the base.

2. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position of the rotating body on the supporting ring can be adjusted.

3. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: An auxiliary ring is rotatably arranged on the support ring, the rotating body is slidably arranged on the auxiliary ring along the radial direction of the support ring, and the rotating body and the auxiliary ring are fastened and connected via a connecting piece.

4. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 3, characterized in that: At least two groups of power structures are arranged opposite to each other on the support ring, and the power structures provide power for the rotation of the auxiliary ring.

5. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support ring is provided with a clamping structure.

6. The machine tool spindle dynamic balancing test device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The clamping structure comprises at least two arched plates arranged opposite to each other on the support ring, each of the arched plates is provided with at least two threaded rods, each of the threaded rods is threaded with a threaded sleeve, and the threaded sleeve is rotatably arranged on the support ring; The power ring is drivingly connected to the threaded sleeve.

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