A flume experiment device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition

Abstract

The present invention discloses a flume experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition, belonging to the technical field of experimental instruments. It includes a flume, a circulation mechanism is provided at the bottom of the flume, an energy dissipation mechanism is arranged at the water inlet end of the flume, a filtering mechanism is provided at the water drainage end of the flume, and a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure is arranged at the inner bottom of the flume. By arranging a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure inside the flume in the present invention, the near-shore part of the river channel at half of the compound river channel section is used as the research object. The three-dimensional physical model can visually present these spatially heterogeneous flows, making up for the deficiencies of traditional two-dimensional models or numerical simulations in vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex characterization. Moreover, through the riverbed sediment and sediment stratification, it can simulate the infiltration of surface water into groundwater during the flood period, reveal the law of solute migration, dynamically simulate the interaction between surface water and groundwater, and then collect the solute concentration of the river channel water, the bed surface pressure, and the river channel water flow velocity, making the detection results more accurate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a flume experiment device, in particular to a flume experiment device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition, belonging to the technical field of test instruments. Background Art

[0002] The experimental circulating flume mainly makes water form a circulating flow in the flume through a power system (such as a water pump). Under the action of power, the water obtains energy and flows according to the set path and direction to simulate various actual water flow conditions, such as the water flow in rivers and oceans. The transverse hydraulic gradient generated at the interface of the floodplain and the main channel with morphological mutation in the compound channel can cause the transverse subsurface flow exchange in the floodplain and main channel system, enabling the floodplain to have ecological functions such as flood regulation and environmental buffering.

[0003] At present, in the process of using the flume, the two-dimensional model cannot accurately simulate the three-dimensional flow characteristics of the compound channel, such as secondary flow, vertical velocity distribution, etc., which affects the accuracy of the simulation. Moreover, the uneven flow velocity at the water inlet will lead to experimental data errors. In addition, the circulating flume can only generate approximate steady-state or simple water flow changes and cannot truly simulate the oscillation phenomenon of the liquid surface when the water level is rising, which affects the measurement results of the boundary pressure distribution.

[0004] Therefore, a flume experiment device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition is designed to optimize the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main object of the present invention is to provide a flume experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition. By arranging a three-dimensional compound channel model structure composed of riverbed sediment, sediment stratification, main river channel, shoal, and water-sediment interface inside the flume, the near-shore part of the channel at half of the compound channel cross-section is taken as the research object. The three-dimensional physical model can visually present these spatially heterogeneous flows, making up for the deficiencies of traditional two-dimensional models or numerical simulations in vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex characterization. Moreover, through the riverbed sediment and sediment stratification, the infiltration of surface water into groundwater during flood periods can be simulated, revealing the law of solute migration and dynamically simulating the surface-groundwater interaction. Additionally, pressure gauges and conductivity probes are arranged inside, on the surface of the three-dimensional compound channel model structure, and inside the channel water to accurately collect and detect the solute concentration of the channel water and the bed surface pressure. In addition, an ADV flowmeter is used to monitor the channel water flow velocity at the cross-section of the water passing through, making the detection results more accurate. By arranging an energy dissipation mechanism composed of a confluence box, an arc-shaped trough, a shaft rod, blade plates, and a mesh plate at the water inlet end of the flume, the kinetic energy of the water flow at the water inlet can be reduced during use, making the flow velocity more uniform. By arranging a wave-making mechanism composed of a floating plate, a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm gear, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm gear, a cylindrical block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod, a spoiler plate, and a through groove at the top of the flume near the water inlet end, and being driven and controlled by a transmission component composed of a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt, when the water flow changes, the reciprocating up and down movement of the spoiler plate will be controlled to generate waves on the surface of the channel water, and the lifting frequency of the spoiler plate will be automatically controlled according to the flow velocity of the channel water to simulate the oscillation phenomenon of the liquid surface when the water level rises, making the measurement results of the boundary pressure distribution more accurate.

[0006] The object of the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A flume experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition includes a flume. A circulation mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the flume. An energy dissipation mechanism is arranged at the water inlet end of the flume. A filtering mechanism is arranged at the drainage end of the flume. A three-dimensional compound channel model structure is arranged at the inner bottom of the flume. Permeable partition plates are arranged at both ends of the three-dimensional compound channel model structure. Pressure gauges are evenly arranged inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound channel model structure. Conductivity probes are arranged inside the three-dimensional compound channel model structure and the channel water. A tail gate is arranged at one end of the flume interior near the filtering mechanism. A multi-parameter water quality meter is installed on the tail gate. An ADV flowmeter is arranged at the inner top of the flume. A wave-making mechanism is arranged at one end of the flume interior near the energy dissipation mechanism;

[0008] The three-dimensional compound river channel model structure includes riverbed sediment, sediment stratification, main river channel, shoal and water-sediment interface. The riverbed sediment is located at the inner bottom of the water tank. Sediment stratification is provided inside the riverbed sediment. On one side of the top of the riverbed sediment is the main river channel, and on the other side of the top of the riverbed sediment is the shoal. A water-sediment interface is provided at the top of the main river channel and the shoal.

[0009] Preferably: The circulation mechanism includes a reservoir, a variable-frequency circulation pump, a circulation water pipe, a valve and an electromagnetic flowmeter. The reservoir is arranged at the bottom of the water tank near the drainage end. The inside of the reservoir is connected to the drainage end of the water tank. A variable-frequency circulation pump is installed on the side of the reservoir. The output end of the variable-frequency circulation pump is installed with a circulation water pipe. One end of the circulation water pipe is installed with a valve, and the other end of the circulation water pipe is installed with an electromagnetic flowmeter. The top end of the circulation water pipe is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism.

[0010] Preferably: The energy dissipation mechanism includes a confluence box, an arc-shaped groove, a shaft rod and blade plates. The confluence box is installed at the end of the water tank and is connected to the inside of the water tank. The top end of the circulation water pipe is connected to the inside of the confluence box. An arc-shaped groove is opened along the length direction at the inner bottom of the confluence box. A shaft rod is rotatably installed between the two ends of the arc-shaped groove. Blade plates are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the shaft rod.

[0011] Preferably: A net plate is vertically arranged at the position inside the water tank near the confluence box. Water holes are uniformly opened on the surface of the net plate.

[0012] Preferably: The wave-making mechanism includes a floating plate, a spoiler plate, a through groove and a lifting assembly. The floating plate is located between the two sides of the water tank and floats on the surface of the river channel water. A spoiler plate is vertically slidably arranged on the floating plate. The bottom of the spoiler plate is semi-cylindrical and is located below the floating plate. A through groove matching the spoiler plate is opened on the floating plate. The floating plate is provided with a lifting assembly for controlling the up and down movement of the through groove.

[0013] Preferably: The lifting assembly includes a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm gear, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm gear, a cylindrical block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod and a driving part. The first worm is rotatably installed between the two sides of the water tank. A driving part is provided at the end of the first worm. Fixed blocks are fixed on both sides of the water tank. First worm gears are rotatably installed on the tops of the fixed blocks. The first worm gears are meshed with the first worm. Spline shafts are vertically slidably arranged on the first worm gears. Spline grooves matching the spline shafts are opened at the middle positions of the first worm gears. Second worms are installed at the bottom ends of the spline shafts. The bottom ends of the second worms are rotatably connected to the floating plate. Second worm gears are rotatably installed at both ends of the top of the floating plate. The second worm gears are respectively meshed with the second worms. Cylindrical blocks are fixed on the outer sides of the second worm gears. A rectangular frame plate is arranged between the two groups of cylindrical blocks, and the cylindrical blocks are located inside the rectangular frame plate. A vertical rod is fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate and the spoiler plate.

[0014] Preferably, the driving part includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a belt. The driving pulley is installed at the end of the first worm, and the driving pulley is located outside the water tank. The driven pulley is installed at the end of the shaft rod, and a belt is provided between the driven pulley and the driving pulley.

[0015] Preferably, the filtering mechanism includes a filter screen and a collection box. The filter screen is inclined and arranged at the end of the water tank. The collection box is installed at the end of the water tank. The collection box is communicated with the inside of the water tank, and the bottom end of the filter screen faces the collection box.

[0016] Preferably, a lifting box is vertically and slidably arranged inside the collection box. A water leakage hole is opened at the bottom end of the lifting box, and a handle is provided at the top end of the lifting box.

[0017] Preferably, the filter screen is vertically and slidably arranged between the water tank and the water-permeable partition board. A fixing plate is fixed between the side of the water-permeable partition board and the end face of the water tank. A spring is provided between the top of the fixing plate and the filter screen. A sliding rod is vertically fixed at the bottom of the filter screen. The sliding rod passes through the inside of the spring and is slidably connected with the fixing plate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0019] A water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition provided by the present invention, by setting a three-dimensional compound channel model structure composed of riverbed sediments, sediment stratification, main river channel, shoal, and water-sediment interface inside the water tank, simulating the near-shore part of the river channel at half of the compound channel cross-section as the research object, the three-dimensional physical model can intuitively present these spatially heterogeneous flows, making up for the deficiencies of traditional two-dimensional models or numerical simulations in vertical momentum exchange and turbulent vortex characterization, and through the riverbed sediments and sediment stratification, it can simulate the infiltration recharge of surface water to groundwater during the flood period, reveal the solute migration law, and dynamically simulate the surface-groundwater interaction. In addition, pressure gauges and conductivity probes are arranged inside, on the surface of the three-dimensional compound channel model structure, and inside the channel water to accurately collect and detect the solute concentration of the channel water and the bed surface pressure. In addition, an ADV flowmeter is used to monitor the river channel water flow velocity at the cross-section of the water passing through, making the detection results more accurate;

[0020] By setting an energy dissipation mechanism composed of a confluence box, an arc-shaped groove, a shaft rod, blade plates, and a net plate at the water inlet end of the water tank, the kinetic energy of the water flow at the water inlet can be reduced during use, making the flow velocity more uniform;

[0021] A wave-making mechanism composed of a floating plate, a first worm, a fixed block, a first worm gear, a spline groove, a spline shaft, a second worm, a second worm gear, a cylindrical block, a rectangular frame plate, a vertical rod, a spoiler, and a through groove is arranged near the water inlet end at the top of the water tank, and is driven and controlled by a transmission assembly composed of a driving pulley, a driven pulley, and a belt. While the water flow changes, the reciprocating up and down movement of the spoiler will be controlled, generating waves on the surface of the river channel water, and automatically controlling the lifting frequency of the spoiler according to the flow rate of the river channel water, simulating the oscillation phenomenon of the liquid level when the water level rises, making the measurement result of the boundary pressure distribution more accurate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The front view cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 The front view of a preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The three-dimensional compound river channel model structure diagram of a preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 The schematic diagram of water tank cross-sectional data acquisition of a preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view at A;

[0027] Figure 6 A preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention Figure 1 The enlarged view at B;

[0028] Figure 7 The wave-making mechanism diagram of a preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A preferred embodiment of an experimental device for a water tank based on multi-dimensional data acquisition according to the present invention Figure 7 The enlarged view at C.

[0030] In the figure: 1. Water tank;

[0031] 2. Circulation mechanism; 201. Reservoir; 202. Variable-frequency circulation pump; 203. Circulation water pipe; 204. Valve; 205. Electromagnetic flowmeter;

[0032] 3. Energy dissipation mechanism; 301. Busbar box; 302. Arc-shaped groove; 303. Shaft rod; 304. Blade plate; 305. Mesh plate;

[0033] 4. Filtration mechanism; 401. Filter screen; 402. Collection box; 403. Lifting box; 404. Leakage hole; 405. Fixed plate; 406. Spring; 407. Slide rod;

[0034] 5. Three-dimensional compound river channel model structure; 501. Riverbed sediment; 502. Sediment stratification; 503. Main river channel; 504. Shoal; 505. Water-sediment interface;

[0035] 6. Permeable partition board; 7. Manometer; 8. Conductivity probe; 9. ADV flow velocity meter; 10. Tail gate; 11. Multi-parameter water quality meter;

[0036] 12. Wave-making mechanism; 1201. Floating board; 1202. First worm; 1203. Fixed block; 1204. First worm gear; 1205. Spline groove; 1206. Spline shaft; 1207. Second worm; 1208. Second worm gear; 1209. Cylindrical block; 1210. Rectangular frame plate; 1211. Vertical rod; 1212. Turbulence plate; 1213. Through groove; 1214. Driving pulley; 1215. Driven pulley; 1216. Belt. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] To make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer and more definite to those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the implementation manners of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0038] As Figures 1-8 shown, this embodiment provides a flume experiment device based on multi-dimensional data acquisition, including a flume 1. A circulation mechanism 2 is provided at the bottom of the flume 1. An energy dissipation mechanism 3 is provided at the water inlet end of the flume 1. A filtration mechanism 4 is provided at the water drainage end of the flume 1. A three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5 is provided at the inner bottom of the flume 1. Permeable partition boards 6 are provided at both ends of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5. Manometers 7 are uniformly arranged inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5. Conductivity probes 8 are arranged inside the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5 and inside the river channel water. A tail gate 10 is provided at one end of the flume 1 close to the filtration mechanism 4. A multi-parameter water quality meter 11 is installed on the tail gate 10. An ADV flow velocity meter 9 is provided at the inner top of the flume 1. A wave-making mechanism 12 is provided at one end of the flume 1 close to the energy dissipation mechanism 3;

[0039] The three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5 includes a riverbed sediment 501, sediment stratification 502, a main river channel 503, a shoal 504, and a water-sediment interface 505. The riverbed sediment 501 is located at the inner bottom of the water tank 1. The sediment stratification 502 is provided inside the riverbed sediment 501. A main river channel 503 is provided on one side of the top of the riverbed sediment 501, and a shoal 504 is provided on the other side of the top of the riverbed sediment 501. The water-sediment interface 505 is provided on the top of the main river channel 503 and the shoal 504.

[0040] Overall working principle: During the experiment, water is injected from the water inlet end of the water tank 1 through the circulation mechanism 2. When the water source is discharged, it has a large initial energy and is unevenly distributed. The energy dissipation mechanism 3 is used to reduce the kinetic energy of the water flow and evenly disperse the water source into the water tank 1. Then the water flow flows over the top of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5. Two parameters, namely the flood peak and the rising flood duration, are selected to study the variation process of the mainstream velocity of the cross-section, the secondary flow vortex structure, the turbulence characteristics, and the boundary pressure distribution with time within a single-peak flood period under different working conditions. The ADV flowmeter 9, the multi-parameter water quality meter 11, and the pressure gauge 7 are used to monitor the water flow velocity, solute concentration, and bed surface pressure in the river channel. At the same time, during the process of the river channel water flowing through, continuous wave-making is carried out on the surface of the river channel water through the wave-making mechanism 12, and the size of the wave-making is regulated by the change of the water flow rate to more realistically simulate the oscillation of the liquid surface when the water level rises to ensure the accuracy of the measurement results. In addition, after the water flow is discharged from the end of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5, the sediment in the water flow is filtered by the filtering mechanism 4 to ensure the accuracy of the solute concentration measurement.

[0041] In this embodiment, the circulation mechanism 2 includes a reservoir 201, a variable-frequency circulation pump 202, a circulation water pipe 203, a valve 204, and an electromagnetic flowmeter 205. The reservoir 201 is arranged at the bottom of the water tank 1 near the drainage end. The inside of the reservoir 201 is communicated with the drainage end of the water tank 1. A variable-frequency circulation pump 202 is installed on the side of the reservoir 201. The output end of the variable-frequency circulation pump 202 is installed with a circulation water pipe 203. One end of the circulation water pipe 203 is installed with a valve 204, and the other end of the circulation water pipe 203 is installed with an electromagnetic flowmeter 205. The top end of the circulation water pipe 203 is communicated with the energy dissipation mechanism 3.

[0042] Local working principle: During use, the water source inside the reservoir 201 is pumped by the variable-frequency circulation pump 202 and supplemented to the water inlet end of the water tank 1. The water at the discharge end of the water tank 1 is filtered and then flows back into the inside of the reservoir 201 to ensure the stable circulation of the water flow. In addition, during the circulation process of the water flow, the flow rate is detected by the electromagnetic flowmeter 205, and the flow rate of the variable-frequency circulation pump 202 is controlled during use through the control system to simulate the state during the rising flood.

[0043] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation mechanism 3 includes a confluence box 301, an arc-shaped groove 302, a shaft rod 303, and blade plates 304. The confluence box 301 is installed at the end of the water tank 1, and the confluence box 301 is in communication with the inside of the water tank 1. The top end of the circulating water pipe 203 is in communication with the inside of the confluence box 301. An arc-shaped groove 302 is formed in the inner bottom of the confluence box 301 along the length direction. A shaft rod 303 is rotatably installed between the two ends of the arc-shaped groove 302, and blade plates 304 are uniformly arranged on the outer side of the shaft rod 303.

[0044] Local working principle: After the circulating water enters the inside of the confluence box 301 through the circulating water pipe 203, the water flow will directly impact on the blade plates 304 and control the rotation of the shaft rod 303. The blade plates 304 are used to offset the impact force of the local water flow, and then the water flow after energy dissipation will enter the inside of the water tank 1.

[0045] In this embodiment, a net plate 305 is vertically arranged at a position inside the water tank 1 close to the confluence box 301, and water holes are uniformly formed on the surface of the net plate 305.

[0046] Local working principle: The water flow after preliminary energy dissipation converges at the position between the net plate 305 and the water tank 1, and the net plate 305 is used for further energy dissipation. Then the water flow uniformly passes through the mesh holes on the net plate 305, and the water flow uniformly enters from the end of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5.

[0047] In this embodiment, the wave-making mechanism 12 includes a floating plate 1201, a flow disturbance plate 1212, a through groove 1213, and a lifting assembly. The floating plate 1201 is located between the two sides of the water tank 1, and the floating plate 1201 floats on the surface of the river water. A flow disturbance plate 1212 is vertically slidably arranged on the floating plate 1201. The bottom of the flow disturbance plate 1212 is semi-cylindrical, and the bottom of the flow disturbance plate 1212 is located below the floating plate 1201. A through groove 1213 matching the flow disturbance plate 1212 is formed on the floating plate 1201, and a lifting assembly for controlling the up and down movement of the through groove 1213 is arranged on the floating plate 1201.

[0048] Local working principle: During the flood simulation process, the floating plate 1201 always floats on the water surface. As the liquid level rises, since water waves will be generated during the rising process of the flood liquid level, and the oscillation amplitude of the water waves will be greater as the water flow rate is greater. Therefore, during the simulation of the rising flood, the flow disturbance plate 1212 is controlled to continuously move up and down through the lifting mechanism to generate water waves.

[0049] In this embodiment, the lifting assembly includes a first worm 1202, a fixed block 1203, a first worm gear 1204, a spline groove 1205, a spline shaft 1206, a second worm 1207, a second worm gear 1208, a cylindrical block 1209, a rectangular frame plate 1210, a vertical rod 1211 and a driving part. The first worm 1202 is rotatably installed between the two sides of the water tank 1. A driving part is provided at the end of the first worm 1202. Fixed blocks 1203 are fixed on both sides of the water tank 1. First worm gears 1204 are rotatably installed on the tops of the fixed blocks 1203. The first worm gears 1204 are engaged with the first worm 1202. Spline shafts 1206 are vertically slidably arranged on the first worm gears 1204. Spline grooves 1205 matching with the spline shafts 1206 are formed at the middle positions of the first worm gears 1204. Second worms 1207 are installed at the bottom ends of the spline shafts 1206. The bottom ends of the second worms 1207 are rotatably connected to the floating plate 1201. Second worm gears 1208 are rotatably installed at both ends of the top of the floating plate 1201. The second worm gears 1208 are respectively engaged with the second worms 1207. Cylindrical blocks 1209 are fixed on the outer sides of the second worm gears 1208. A rectangular frame plate 1210 is provided between the two groups of cylindrical blocks 1209. The cylindrical blocks 1209 are all located inside the rectangular frame plate 1210. Vertical rods 1211 are fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate 1210 and the spoiler 1212.

[0050] Partial working principle: When controlling the generation of water waves, since the position of the floating plate 1201 is not fixed, the floating plate 1201 will drive the spline shaft 1206 to move vertically. The spline shaft 1206 passes through the inside of the spline groove 1205 and always maintains a stable connection with the first worm gear 1204. When generating waves, the rotation of the first worm 1202 is controlled by the driving part. The first worm 1202 will drive the first worm gear 1204 to rotate. The first worm gear 1204 will drive the second worm 1207 to rotate through the spline shaft 1206. The second worm 1207 drives the second worm gear 1208 to rotate. During the rotation of the second worm gear 1208, the vertical lifting of the rectangular frame plate 1210 is controlled through the cylindrical block 1209, and then the reciprocating lifting of the spoiler 1212 is controlled.

[0051] In this embodiment, the driving part includes a driving pulley 1214, a driven pulley 1215 and a belt 1216. The driving pulley 1214 is installed at the end of the first worm 1202, and the driving pulley 1214 is located outside the water tank 1. The driven pulley 1215 is installed at the end of the shaft rod 303. A belt 1216 is provided between the driven pulley 1215 and the driving pulley 1214.

[0052] Local working principle: During the water flow cycle, as the water flow rate increases, flood rising is achieved. The increase in the water flow rate will increase the impact force on the vane 304, thereby accelerating the rotation of the shaft rod 303. The rotation of the shaft rod 303 is transmitted through the pulleys to automatically control the wave-making mechanism 12.

[0053] In this embodiment, the filtering mechanism 4 includes a filter screen 401 and a collection box 402. The filter screen 401 is inclined and arranged at the end of the water tank 1, and the collection box 402 is installed at the end of the water tank 1. The collection box 402 is communicated with the inside of the water tank 1, and the bottom end of the filter screen 401 faces the collection box 402.

[0054] Local working principle: There will be some sediment in the water source discharged from the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5. The water flow impacts the top of the filter screen 401, the sediment is intercepted, and then flows into the inside of the collection box 402, while the filtered water flows back into the inside of the reservoir 201.

[0055] In this embodiment, a lifting box 403 is vertically slidably arranged inside the collection box 402. A water leakage hole 404 is opened at the bottom end of the lifting box 403, and a handle is arranged at the top end of the lifting box 403.

[0056] Local working principle: The sediment falls into the inside of the lifting box 403. After the experiment is completed, the lifting box 403 can be lifted upward, and then the sediment is poured back onto the top of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure 5.

[0057] In this embodiment, the filter screen 401 is vertically slidably arranged between the water tank 1 and the permeable partition plate 6. A fixing plate 405 is fixed between the side of the permeable partition plate 6 and the end face of the water tank 1. A spring 406 is arranged between the top of the fixing plate 405 and the filter screen 401. A sliding rod 407 is vertically fixed at the bottom of the filter screen 401, and the sliding rod 407 passes through the inside of the spring 406 and is slidably connected with the fixing plate 405.

[0058] Local working principle: After the water flow falls onto the top of the filter screen 401, it will exert a certain impact force on the spring 406, controlling the vibration of the filter screen 401, which can accelerate the discharge of the sediment on the top of the filter screen 401 and improve the filtering effect.

[0059] The above is only a further embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and its concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water tank experimental device based on multi-dimensional data collection, comprising a water tank (1), characterized in that: A circulation mechanism (2) is provided at the bottom of the water tank (1), an energy dissipation mechanism (3) is provided at the water inlet end of the water tank (1), a filtering mechanism (4) is provided at the drainage end of the water tank (1), a three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5) is provided at the inner bottom of the water tank (1), permeable baffles (6) are provided at both ends of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5), pressure gauges (7) are evenly provided inside and on the surface of the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5), conductivity probes (8) are provided inside the three-dimensional compound river channel model structure (5) and the river water, a tail gate (10) is provided at one end of the water tank (1) close to the filtering mechanism (4), a multi-parameter water quality meter (11) is installed on the tail gate (10), an ADV flow meter (9) is provided at the inner top of the water tank (1), and a wave-making mechanism (12) is provided at one end of the water tank (1) close to the energy dissipation mechanism (3); The three-dimensional complex river channel model structure (5) includes riverbed sediments (501), sediment layers (502), a main river channel (503), a shoal (504) and a water-sand interface (505). The riverbed sediments (501) are located at the inner bottom of the water channel (1), a sediment layer (502) is provided inside the riverbed sediments (501), a main river channel (503) is provided on one side of the top of the riverbed sediments (501), a shoal (504) is provided on the other side of the top of the riverbed sediments (501), and a water-sand interface (505) is provided at the top of the main river channel (503) and the shoal (504).

2. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The circulation mechanism (2) comprises a water reservoir (201), a variable frequency circulation pump (202), a circulation water pipe (203), a valve (204) and an electromagnetic flowmeter (205); the water reservoir (201) is arranged at the bottom of the water tank (1) near the drainage end; the interior of the water reservoir (201) is connected to the drainage end of the water tank (1); a variable frequency circulation pump (202) is installed on the side of the water reservoir (201); a circulation water pipe (203) is installed at the output end of the variable frequency circulation pump (202); a valve (204) is installed at one end of the circulation water pipe (203); an electromagnetic flowmeter (205) is installed at the other end of the circulation water pipe (203); and the top end of the circulation water pipe (203) is connected to the energy dissipation mechanism (3).

3. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The energy dissipation mechanism (3) comprises a junction box (301), an arc-shaped groove (302), a shaft (303) and a blade (304); the junction box (301) is mounted at the end of the water tank (1), the junction box (301) is in communication with the interior of the water tank (1), the top of the circulating water pipe (203) is in communication with the interior of the junction box (301), the inner bottom of the junction box (301) is provided with an arc-shaped groove (302) along the length direction, the shaft (303) is rotatably mounted between the two ends of the arc-shaped groove (302), and the blades (304) are evenly arranged on the outer side of the shaft (303).

4. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A mesh plate (305) is vertically arranged at a position inside the water tank (1) close to the junction box (301), and water holes are evenly opened on the surface of the mesh plate (305).

5. A water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The wave-making mechanism (12) comprises a floating plate (1201), a spoiler (1212), a through groove (1213) and a lifting assembly. The floating plate (1201) is located between two sides of the water tank (1) and floats on the surface of the river water. The floating plate (1201) is provided with a spoiler (1212) for vertical sliding. The bottom of the spoiler (1212) is semi-cylindrical and the bottom of the spoiler (1212) is located below the floating plate (1201). The floating plate (1201) is provided with a through groove (1213) that cooperates with the spoiler (1212). The floating plate (1201) is provided with a lifting assembly for controlling the through groove (1213) to move up and down.

6. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 5, characterized in that: The lifting assembly comprises a first worm (1202), a fixed block (1203), a first worm wheel (1204), a spline groove (1205), a spline shaft (1206), a second worm (1207), a second worm wheel (1208), a columnar block (1209), a rectangular frame plate (1210), a vertical rod (1211) and a driving unit. The first worm (1202) is rotatably mounted between two sides of the water tank (1). The end of the first worm (1202) is provided with a driving unit. Fixed blocks (1203) are fixed on both sides of the water tank (1). The top of the fixed blocks (1203) is rotatably mounted with a first worm wheel (1204). The first worm wheel (1204) is meshed with the first worm (1202). The first worm wheel (1204) is vertically slidably provided with a spline shaft (1206). A spline groove (1205) matching with the spline shaft (1206) is provided at the middle position of the wheel (1204); a second worm (1207) is installed at the bottom end of the spline shaft (1206); the bottom end of the second worm (1207) is rotatably connected to the floating plate (1201); a second worm wheel (1208) is rotatably installed at both ends of the top of the floating plate (1201); the second worm wheel (1208) is respectively meshed with the second worm (1207); a columnar block (1209) is fixed on the outer side of the second worm wheel (1208); a rectangular frame plate (1210) is provided between the two groups of columnar blocks (1209); the columnar blocks (1209) are all located inside the rectangular frame plate (1210); a vertical rod (1211) is fixed between the bottom end of the rectangular frame plate (1210) and the spoiler (1212).

7. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 6 is characterized in that: The driving unit comprises a driving pulley (1214), a driven pulley (1215) and a belt (1216); the driving pulley (1214) is mounted on the end of the first worm (1202), and the driving pulley (1214) is located outside the water tank (1); the driven pulley (1215) is mounted on the end of the shaft (303), and a belt (1216) is provided between the driven pulley (1215) and the driving pulley (1214).

8. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The filtering mechanism (4) comprises a filter screen (401) and a collection box (402); the filter screen (401) is arranged obliquely at the end of the water tank (1); the collection box (402) is installed at the end of the water tank (1); the collection box (402) is connected to the interior of the water tank (1); and the bottom end of the filter screen (401) faces the collection box (402).

9. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 8, characterized in that: A lifting box (403) is vertically slidably arranged inside the collecting box (402), a water leakage hole (404) is provided at the bottom end of the lifting box (403), and a handle is provided at the top end of the lifting box (403).

10. The water tank experiment equipment based on multi-dimensional data collection according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The filter screen (401) is vertically slidably arranged between the water tank (1) and the water-permeable baffle (6); a fixing plate (405) is fixed between the side of the water-permeable baffle (6) and the end surface of the water tank (1); a spring (406) is provided between the top of the fixing plate (405) and the filter screen (401); a sliding rod (407) is vertically fixed to the bottom of the filter screen (401); the sliding rod (407) passes through the inside of the spring (406) and is slidably connected to the fixing plate (405).

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