Sputum mixing and dispersing device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a sputum mixing and dispersing device and method, and relates to the technical field of mixing and dispersing, the device is characterized in that a sputum tube comprises a collection cup and a centrifugal tube arranged below the collection cup, the top of the collection cup is in threaded connection with a cover, and a sleeve is integrally formed at the bottom of the centrifugal tube; the storage rack comprises a supporting plate, a stand column and a base, and a plurality of inserting holes are formed in the circumference of the supporting plate in an array mode and used for inserting and supporting sputum tubes; the rotating mechanism comprises a rotating assembly, a rotating disc and a clamping assembly arranged in the rotating disc, the rotating assembly is connected with the rotating disc and used for driving the rotating disc, a plurality of through holes are formed in a top plate of the rotating disc in a circumferential array mode, and a plurality of clamping parts of the clamping assembly are arranged in the corresponding through holes and used for clamping the corresponding sleeves; the cap screwing machine is used for uncapping / capping the sputum tubes on the storage rack; the ball discharging mechanism is used for releasing quantitative balls into the sputum tube. According to the sputum collector, sputum can be conveniently collected, and secondary sputum transfer is not needed; the sputum tube can be automatically uncovered / sealed, and the round beads can be automatically added.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of mixing and dispersing, and in particular to a sputum mixing and dispersing device and method. Background Art

[0002] Sputum is a mixture of respiratory secretions and cells. The detection of sputum components is of great significance in medical diagnosis and can reflect the health of the lungs and airways. Since sputum is usually viscous, in order to improve the fluidity and dispersion of sputum, multiple beads are usually added to the sputum tube. During the centrifugation process, these beads break up the viscous components in the sputum, and the cells and pathogens in the sputum can be more effectively released into the buffer, thereby improving the uniformity of the sample and the accuracy of the test results.

[0003] From collecting sputum to mixing and dispersing sputum, the existing technology has the following problems: ① Use a collection cup with a larger caliber to collect sputum. When testing, transfer the sputum in the collection cup to a centrifuge tube. The problem is that the collection cup and the centrifuge tube are set up independently, and the sputum sample needs to be transferred twice, which is cumbersome. ② Manually unscrew the cap of the centrifuge tube, manually add multiple beads, then manually tighten the cap, and insert the centrifuge tube into the centrifuge equipment one by one. This process is too dependent on manual labor and has low efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a sputum mixing and dispersing device and method, which are convenient for collecting sputum and do not require secondary transfer of sputum; in the mixing and dispersing step, the cover can be opened / closed automatically and round beads can be added automatically.

[0005] In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the following scheme is proposed: A sputum mixing and dispersing device comprises a plurality of sputum tubes, a storage rack, a rotating mechanism, a capping machine and a ball feeding mechanism which are all arranged on the top of a base.

[0006] The sputum tube includes a collection cup and a centrifuge tube arranged below the collection cup, the top of the collection cup is threadedly connected with a cover, and the bottom of the centrifuge tube is integrally formed with a sleeve; The storage rack includes a support plate, a column and a base from top to bottom. The support plate is provided with a plurality of holes in a circumferential array for inserting and supporting the sputum tube. The rotating mechanism includes a rotating assembly, a turntable and a clamping assembly arranged in the turntable. The rotating assembly is connected to the turntable and is used to drive the turntable. A plurality of through holes are arranged in a circumferential array on the top plate of the turntable. A plurality of clamping parts of the clamping assembly are arranged in corresponding through holes. When the storage rack is placed on the top plate, the clamping parts are used to clamp corresponding sleeves. The capping machine is used to open / close the sputum tubes on the rack; The discharge pipe of the ball feeding mechanism is tilted, the pipe mouth is located above the sputum tube and between two adjacent sputum tubes, and the ball feeding mechanism is used to release a certain amount of balls into the sputum tube currently moved below the discharge pipe.

[0007] A sputum mixing and dispersing method, using the sputum mixing and dispersing device, comprises the following steps: Sampling: Use a sputum tube to collect sputum, tighten the lid and place it on the rack; Installation: Place the rack on the turntable, with the sleeves corresponding to the clamping parts one by one, and use the clamping parts to clamp the sleeves; Uncapping: The capping machine uncaps all sputum tubes on the rack; Adding beads: Use the rotating assembly to drive the turntable to a certain angle, so that the sputum tubes move to the bottom of the discharge pipe in sequence, and the bead feeding mechanism releases a certain amount of beads into the sputum tube; Add buffer: add buffer into the sputum tube; Mixing and dispersion: The capping machine caps all the sputum tubes on the rack, and the rotating component continuously drives the turntable to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0008] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. Provide a storage rack for placing multiple sputum tubes, which is convenient for storing and transferring sputum tubes; the storage rack can be directly placed on the rotating mechanism, and there is no need to take out the sputum tubes on the storage rack and then place them on the rotating mechanism, which is easy to operate.

[0009] 2. Provide a new sputum tube, including an integrally formed collection cup, a centrifuge tube and a sleeve. The collection cup has a larger diameter, which is convenient for collecting sputum; the centrifuge tube contains the collected sputum, which is conducive to more concentrated sputum; the sleeve not only enables a separate sputum tube to be placed on the platform and kept upright, but also in the subsequent mixing and dispersion stage, the sleeve cooperates with the clamping part one by one to fix the sputum tube.

[0010] 3. The capping / capping machine can be used to automatically open and close the cap; the ball feeding mechanism can be used to automatically release a certain amount of balls into the sputum tube; the rotating component can intermittently rotate the turntable by a certain angle in the ball adding step to prompt the sputum tubes to move to the bottom of the discharge pipe in turn; the rotating component can also continuously rotate the turntable in the mixing and dispersing step, thereby rotating all the sputum tubes to mix and disperse the sputum. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Figure 1 A structural diagram of a mixing and dispersing device is shown; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the sputum tube structure is shown; Figure 3 The structure diagram of the storage rack and the sputum tube is shown; Figure 4 A top view of the storage rack and the sputum tube is shown; Figure 5 A diagram of the structure of the turntable is shown; Figure 6 The structure diagram of the turntable and the rotating assembly is shown; Figure 7 A partially cutaway structural diagram of a rotating disk is shown; Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial enlarged view of the middle part; Fig. 9 A structural diagram of the clamping portion is shown; Fig.10 The structure diagram of the ball feeding mechanism is shown; Fig.11 for Fig.10 A partial enlarged view of point B in the middle; Fig.12 A side view of the ball feeding mechanism is shown; Fig.13 A cross-sectional view of the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the material box is shown; Fig.14 A flow chart of the sputum mixing and dispersion method is shown; Reference numerals: rotating mechanism-1, clamping assembly-11, clamping part-111, clamping plate-1111, spring-1112, rotating shaft-1113, lifting platform-112, U-shaped seat-113, turntable-12, top plate-121, groove-122, through hole-123, rotating assembly-13, first sprocket-131, second sprocket-132, chain-133, protective shell-134, shelf-2, support plate-21, notch-211, column-22, base-23, capping machine -3, lifting assembly-31, cross arm-311, control box-32, rotating clamp-33, ball discharge mechanism-4, discharge pipe-41, material box-42, outer cylinder-43, material receiving window-431, discharge window-432, round hole-433, inner cylinder-44, material receiving trough-441, threaded hole-442, funnel-45, second motor-46, main cabinet-47, screw 48, sputum tube-5, collection cup-51, centrifuge tube-52, cover-53, sleeve-54, base-6. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0012] Example 1 like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a sputum mixing and dispersing device, including a plurality of sputum tubes 5, a storage rack 2, a rotating mechanism 1, a capping machine 3 and a bead feeding mechanism 4.

[0013] Specifically, Figure 2As shown, the sputum tube 5 includes an integrally formed collection cup 51 and a centrifuge tube 52. The centrifuge tube 52 is arranged below the collection cup 51. The collection cup 51 has a larger caliber for convenient sputum collection. A cover 53 is threadedly connected to the top of the collection cup 51, and a sleeve 54 is integrally formed at the bottom of the centrifuge tube 52. The outer diameter of the sleeve 54 is equal to the outer diameter of the centrifuge tube 52. The functions of the sleeve 54 are: ① It can place a separate sputum tube 5 on the platform and keep it upright; ② In the subsequent mixing and dispersion stage, the sleeve 54 is used to fix the sputum tube 5.

[0014] Specifically, Figure 3 As shown, the rack 2 includes a support plate 21, a column 22 and a base 23 from top to bottom. The support plate 21 has a plurality of jacks arranged in a circular array. The jacks are used to insert and support the sputum tube 5. When the sputum tube 5 is inserted into the jacks, the sleeve 54 is suspended, and the collection cup 51 is supported on the support plate 21. The functions of the rack 2 are: ① It is used to place the sputum tube 5, which is convenient for storing and transferring the sputum tube 5; ② It is not necessary to take out the sputum tube 5 on the rack 2 and then place it on the rotating mechanism 1. The rack 2 provided in this embodiment can be directly placed on the rotating mechanism 1.

[0015] Specifically, Figure 1 , Figure 6-Figure 8 As shown, the rotating mechanism 1 is arranged on the top of the base 6, and the rotating mechanism 1 includes a rotating component 13, a turntable 12 and a clamping component 11. The rotating component 13 is connected to the turntable 12 and is used to drive the turntable 12. The turntable 12 is hollow inside, and a top plate 121 is provided on the top of the turntable 12. The top plate 121 is used to place the storage rack 2. A plurality of through holes 123 are arranged in a circular array on the top plate 121. The through holes 123 pass through the top plate 121 up and down. The clamping component 11 is arranged in the turntable 12, and the clamping component 11 includes a plurality of clamping parts 111. The clamping parts 111 are arranged in corresponding through holes 123. When the storage rack 2 is placed on the top plate 121, the clamping parts 111 are used to clamp the corresponding sleeves 54.

[0016] In order to place the rack 2 on the top plate 121 more quickly and accurately, the present embodiment adopts the following measures: First, as Figure 7 , Figure 8 As shown, the base 23 is set to a rectangular shape, and the top plate 121 is provided with a corresponding groove 122. When the base 23 matches in the groove 122, the bottom surface of the sleeve 54 is close to the top plate 121; Second, if Figure 5 As shown, a rectangular limiting frame is provided on the outer periphery of the groove 122; Third, if Figure 1 , Figure 4 As shown, a plurality of notches 211 are arranged in an array on the periphery of the support plate 21 , and one notch 211 is located between two adjacent sputum tubes 5 . When placing or removing the storage rack 2 , the notch 211 is used to avoid the discharge tube 41 .

[0017] The specific implementation of the clamping assembly 11 is as follows: Figure 5 , Figure 7-Figure 9 As shown, the clamping assembly 11 includes a lifting platform 112 and a plurality of U-shaped seats 113 arranged on the top thereof. The plurality of U-shaped seats 113 are arranged in an array along the circumference of the lifting platform 112. The lifting platform 112 is used to adjust the height of all the U-shaped seats 113. The power source of the lifting platform 112 can be driven by a cylinder or an oil cylinder. One U-shaped seat 113 corresponds to one clamping part 111. Each clamping part 111 includes two cross-hinged clamping plates 1111. A rotating shaft 1 is passed through the intersection of the two clamping plates 1111. 113, the outer end of the rotating shaft 1113 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole 123, the upper parts of the two clamping plates 1111 are used to clamp the sleeve 54 internally, and a spring 1112 is provided between the lower parts. The top of the U-shaped seat 113 is set to be arc-shaped and tangent to the lower parts of the two clamping plates 1111. When the U-shaped seat 113 moves upward, it is used to open the two clamping plates 1111, so as to clamp the sleeve 54 internally. During the upward movement of the U-shaped seat 113, the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped seat 113 is used to avoid the spring 1112.

[0018] The specific implementation of the rotating assembly 13 is as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 6 As shown, the rotating assembly 13 includes a first motor, a first sprocket 131, a second sprocket 132 and a chain 133. The first sprocket 131 is annular and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the turntable 12. The bottom of the turntable 12 is rotatably connected to the base 6. The first motor is arranged in the base 6. The output shaft of the first motor passes through the base 6 upward and is connected to the second sprocket 132. The chain 133 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 and meshes with the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132. In order to improve the aesthetics, the second sprocket 132 is arranged in the protective shell 134 in this embodiment. When in use, the first motor is started, which will cause the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 to rotate synchronously, thereby rotating the turntable 12.

[0019] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the capping machine 3 is arranged on the top of the base 6, and is used to open / cap the sputum tube 5 on the storage rack 2. The specific implementation method of the capping machine 3 is as follows: the capping machine 3 includes a lifting component 31, a regulating box 32 and a plurality of rotating claws 33 arranged at the bottom of the regulating box 32, the rotating claws 33 are located above the corresponding sputum tube 5, the lifting component 31 is arranged on the top of the protective shell 134, the lifting component 31 is connected to the regulating box 32 through a cross arm 311, the power source of the lifting component 31 can be driven by a cylinder or an oil cylinder, which is used to adjust the height of the regulating box 32 and the plurality of rotating claws 33, the rotating claws 33 have two functions of rotation and clamping, which belongs to conventional technology, and the structure and principle of the rotating claws 33 are not elaborated in detail here.

[0020] Specifically, Figure 1 As shown, the ball feeding mechanism 4 is arranged on the top of the base 6, and the discharge pipe 41 of the ball feeding mechanism 4 is arranged obliquely, and the pipe mouth is located above the sputum tube 5 and between two adjacent sputum tubes 5. When the turntable 12 rotates to move one of the sputum tubes 5 below the discharge pipe 41, the ball feeding mechanism 4 is used to release a certain amount of balls into the sputum tube 5. The specific implementation method of the ball feeding mechanism 4 is as follows: like Figure 10-13 As shown, the ball unloading mechanism 4 includes a second motor 46, a material box 42, a main cabinet 47, an outer cylinder 43, an inner cylinder 44 and a funnel 45, wherein the outer cylinder 43, the inner cylinder 44 and the funnel 45 are all arranged in the main cabinet 47, the outer cylinder 43 is arranged horizontally, a material receiving window 431 is arranged on the top of the outer cylinder 43, a material discharging window 432 is arranged on the bottom of the outer cylinder 43, the inner cylinder 44 is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder 43, and a plurality of rows of material receiving grooves 441 are arranged in a circumferential array on the outer wall of the inner cylinder 44, wherein two rows of material receiving grooves 441 are respectively located at the material receiving window 431 and the material discharging window 432. 2. A material box 42 is arranged on the top of the main cabinet 47. Beads are stored in the material box 42. The bottom of the material box 42 extends downward into the main cabinet 47 and is connected to the material receiving window 431. A material receiving groove 441 is used to carry a bead. The second motor 46 is arranged on the outer wall of the main cabinet 47. The output shaft of the second motor 46 passes through the main cabinet 47 and the first end of the outer cylinder 43 and is connected to the first end of the inner cylinder 44. The funnel 45 is located below the discharge window 432 for receiving the beads dropped from the discharge window 432. The bottom of the funnel 45 is connected to the discharge pipe 41.

[0021] The method of using the ball discharge mechanism 4 is: the second motor 46 drives the inner cylinder 44, causing one row of empty receiving troughs 441 to gradually move to the receiving window 431 for carrying beads, and one receiving trough 441 carries one bead, while the other row of receiving troughs 441 carrying beads gradually moves to the discharge window 432, and then releases the beads from the discharge window 432 into the funnel 45, and then the beads enter the discharge pipe 41, and are released from the mouth of the discharge pipe 41 into the corresponding sputum tube 5.

[0022] In the above scheme, the number of beads released by the bead feeding mechanism 4 each time is fixed. In order to achieve the adjustable number of beads, the scheme further optimized in this embodiment is as follows: Figure 10-13 As shown, the main cabinet 47 is provided with a cabinet door, and the second end of the outer cylinder 43 and the second end of the inner cylinder 44 are both facing the cabinet door. The second end of the outer cylinder 43 is provided with a circular hole 433, and the inner diameter of the circular hole 433 is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 44. The second end of the inner cylinder 44 is open, and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 44 has a plurality of rows of threaded holes 442 in a circular array, a row of threaded holes 442 corresponds to a row of material receiving grooves 441, and the threaded holes 442 are connected to the corresponding material receiving grooves 441, the inner diameter of the threaded holes 442 is smaller than the inner diameter of the material receiving grooves 441, and the threaded holes 442 are used to install screws 48.

[0023] When the number of released balls needs to be reduced by one, the operation method is: the staff opens the door of the main cabinet 47, manually operates the screw 48, and tightens one screw 48 on each row of the receiving slots 441. After the screws 48 are tightened, they will extend into the corresponding receiving slots 441, shielding the receiving slots 441 to prevent the balls from falling into the receiving slots 441, thereby reducing the number of cylinders by one.

[0024] Example 2 like Fig.14 As shown, this embodiment provides a sputum mixing and dispersing method, using the sputum mixing and dispersing device described in Example 1, and the method includes the following steps: Sampling: Use the sputum tube 5 to collect sputum, tighten the lid 53 and place it on the rack 2.

[0025] Installation: After the sputum tubes 5 are inserted into the sockets of the rack 2, the rack 2 is placed on the turntable 12. Note that the base 23 is aligned with the groove 122, so that the sputum tube 5 and the rotating clamp 33 correspond one to one, and the sleeve 54 and the clamping part 111 correspond one to one; the lifting platform 112 raises all the U-shaped seats 113 under the action of its power source, and the U-shaped seat 113 gradually opens the two clamps 1111, and the clamps 1111 fix the sleeve 54 by internal clamping.

[0026] Opening the cover: the lifting component 31 moves the control box 32 downward under the action of its power source, and the rotating jaws 33 first open and then clamp the covers 53 of the corresponding sputum tubes 5 as the control box 32 moves downward, and then the rotating jaws 33 rotate the covers 53, and the lifting component 31 gradually moves the control box 32 upward, thereby opening the covers of all sputum tubes 5.

[0027] Adding beads: the first motor is started, causing the first sprocket 131 and the second sprocket 132 to rotate synchronously, thereby causing the turntable 12 to rotate a certain angle, causing the sputum tube 5 to move to the bottom of the discharge pipe 41 in turn, and the bead unloading mechanism 4 releases a certain amount of beads into the sputum tube 5. The specific principle is: the second motor 46 drives the inner cylinder 44, causing one row of empty receiving troughs 441 to gradually move to the receiving window 431, while the other row of receiving troughs 441 carrying beads gradually moves to the discharge window 432, and then releases the beads from the discharge window 432 into the funnel 45, and then the beads enter the discharge pipe 41, and are released from the mouth of the discharge pipe 41 into the corresponding sputum tube 5.

[0028] Adding buffer solution: adding buffer solution into the sputum tube 5. This step can be achieved by using an automatic liquid adding device. This step does not belong to the technical problem to be solved by this solution and will not be elaborated here.

[0029] Mixing and dispersing: the capping machine 3 caps all the sputum tubes 5 on the rack 2, and the rotating assembly 13 continuously drives the turntable 12 to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0030] Through the entire method flow, it can be known that the rotating component 13 has two functions: ① In the bead adding step, the rotating component 13 intermittently rotates the turntable 12 by a certain angle, prompting the sputum tubes 5 to move to the bottom of the discharge pipe 41 in sequence; ② In the mixing and dispersing step, the rotating component 13 continuously rotates the turntable 12, thereby rotating all the sputum tubes 5 to mix and disperse the sputum.

[0031] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical ideas and features of the present invention, and are not intended to be the only or limit the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes or equivalent substitutions made to the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sputum mixing and dispersing device, characterized in that: It comprises a plurality of sputum tubes (5), a storage rack (2), and a rotating mechanism (1), a capping machine (3), and a ball feeding mechanism (4) all arranged on the top of a base (6); The sputum tube (5) comprises a collection cup (51) and a centrifuge tube (52) arranged below the collection cup, the top of the collection cup (51) is threadedly connected to a cover (53), and the bottom of the centrifuge tube (52) is integrally formed with a sleeve (54); The storage rack (2) comprises, from top to bottom, a support plate (21), a column (22) and a base (23); a plurality of insertion holes are arranged in a circular array on the support plate (21) for inserting and supporting the sputum tube (5); The rotating mechanism (1) comprises a rotating assembly (13), a rotating disk (12), and a clamping assembly (11) disposed in the rotating disk (12); the rotating assembly (13) is connected to the rotating disk (12) and is used to drive the rotating disk (12); a top plate (121) of the rotating disk (12) has a plurality of through holes (123) in a circumferential array; a plurality of clamping portions (111) of the clamping assembly (11) are disposed in corresponding through holes (123); when the storage rack (2) is placed on the top plate (121), the clamping portions (111) are used to clamp corresponding sleeves (54); The capping machine (3) is used to open / close the sputum tube (5) on the storage rack (2); The discharge pipe (41) of the ball discharge mechanism (4) is arranged obliquely, with the pipe opening located above the sputum tube (5) and between two adjacent sputum tubes (5). The ball discharge mechanism (4) is used to release a certain amount of balls into the sputum tube (5) currently moved below the discharge pipe (41).

2. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ball unloading mechanism (4) comprises a second motor (46), a material box (42), a main cabinet (47), and an outer cylinder (43), an inner cylinder (44) and a funnel (45) all arranged in the main cabinet (47). The outer cylinder (43) is arranged horizontally, and a material receiving window (431) is provided on the top thereof, and a material discharging window (432) is provided on the bottom thereof. The inner cylinder (44) is rotatably arranged in the outer cylinder (43). The outer wall of the inner cylinder (44) is provided with a plurality of rows of material receiving grooves (441) in a circular array, wherein two rows of material receiving grooves (441) are respectively located at the material receiving window (431) and the material discharging window (432). The material box (42) is arranged on the top of the main cabinet (47), and beads are stored in the material box (42). The bottom of the material box (42) extends downward into the main cabinet (47) and is connected to the material receiving window (431). The material receiving groove (441) is used to carry a bead. The second motor (46) is arranged on the outer wall of the main cabinet (47), and its output shaft passes through the main cabinet (47) and the first end of the outer cylinder (43) and is connected to the first end of the inner cylinder (44). The funnel (45) is located below the discharge window (432) and is used to receive the dropped beads. The bottom of the funnel (45) is connected to the discharge pipe (41).

3. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The main cabinet (47) is provided with a cabinet door. A circular hole (433) is provided at the second end of the outer cylinder (43). The inner diameter of the circular hole (433) is smaller than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder (44). The second end of the inner cylinder (44) is open. A plurality of rows of threaded holes (442) are arranged in a circular array on the inner wall of the inner cylinder (44). One row of threaded holes (442) corresponds to one row of material receiving grooves (441). The threaded holes (442) are connected to the corresponding material receiving grooves (441). The inner diameter of the threaded holes (442) is smaller than the inner diameter of the material receiving grooves (441). Screws (48) are installed in the threaded holes (442).

4. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (23) is arranged in a rectangular shape, and the top plate (121) is provided with a corresponding groove (122). When the base (23) is matched in the groove (122), the bottom surface of the sleeve (54) is in close contact with the top plate (121). The outer periphery of the support plate (21) is provided with a plurality of notches (211) in an array. When placing or removing the storage rack (2), the notches (211) are used to avoid the discharge pipe (41).

5. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping assembly (11) comprises a lifting platform (112) and a plurality of U-shaped seats (113). The plurality of U-shaped seats (113) are arranged in an array along the circumference of the lifting platform (112). The lifting platform (112) is used to adjust the height of the U-shaped seats (113). One U-shaped seat (113) corresponds to one clamping portion (111). Each clamping portion (111) comprises two cross-hinged clamping plates (1111). A rotating shaft (1113) is provided at the intersection of the two clamping plates (1111). The outer end of the rotating shaft (1113) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the through hole (123). The upper parts of the two clamping plates (1111) are used to internally clamp the sleeve (54). A spring (1112) is provided between the lower parts. The top of the U-shaped seat (113) is arranged in an arc shape to open the two clamping plates (1111). The U-shaped groove of the U-shaped seat (113) is used to avoid the spring (1112).

6. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (13) comprises a first motor, a first sprocket (131), a second sprocket (132) and a chain (133); the first sprocket (131) is annular and is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating disk (12); the bottom of the rotating disk (12) is rotatably connected to the base (6); the first motor is arranged in the base (6); the output shaft of the first motor passes through the base (6) upward and is connected to the second sprocket (132); and the chain (133) meshes with the first sprocket (131) and the second sprocket (132).

7. The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second sprocket (132) is disposed in the protective shell (134). The capping machine (3) comprises a lifting assembly (31), a regulating box (32), and a plurality of rotating jaws (33) disposed at the bottom of the regulating box (32). The lifting assembly (31) is disposed at the top of the protective shell (134). The lifting assembly (31) is connected to the regulating box (32) via a cross arm (311) and is used to adjust the height of the regulating box (32) and the plurality of rotating jaws (33). The rotating jaws (33) are located above the corresponding sputum tube (5).

8. A sputum mixing and dispersion method, characterized in that: The sputum mixing and dispersing device according to claim 5 comprises the following steps: Sampling: Collect sputum using a sputum tube (5), tighten the lid (53) and place it on the rack (2); Installation: placing the storage rack (2) on the turntable (12), with the sleeve (54) and the clamping portion (111) corresponding one to one, and clamping the sleeve (54) using the clamping portion (111); Opening the cap: the capping machine (3) opens the caps of all the sputum tubes (5) on the storage rack (2); Adding beads: using the rotating assembly (13) to drive the turntable (12) to a certain angle, the sputum tube (5) is moved to the bottom of the discharge pipe (41) in sequence, and the bead discharge mechanism (4) releases a certain amount of beads into the sputum tube (5); Add buffer: Add buffer into the sputum tube (5); Mixing and dispersing: the capping machine (3) caps all the sputum tubes (5) on the storage rack (2), and the rotating component (13) continuously drives the turntable (12) to mix and disperse the sputum.

9. The sputum mixing and dispersion method according to claim 8, characterized in that: In the step of adding beads, the second motor (46) drives the inner cylinder (44), causing one row of empty receiving troughs (441) to gradually move to the receiving window (431) for carrying the beads, while another row of receiving troughs (441) carrying beads gradually moves to the discharging window (432), and then releases the beads into the funnel (45) and then into the discharging pipe (41).

10. The sputum mixing and dispersion method according to claim 8, characterized in that: During the installation step, the lifting platform (112) lifts all the U-shaped seats (113), and the U-shaped seats (113) gradually open the two clamping plates (1111), and the clamping plates (1111) fix the sleeve (54) by means of internal clamping.

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