An observation device and evaluation method for the degree of scaling of plush fiber surfaces

Abstract

The present invention discloses an observation device and evaluation method for the degree of surface scaling on cashmere fibers. The observation device includes a microscope with a camera function. A fiber fixture is mounted on the microscope base, and the fiber fixture can be rotated longitudinally by at least 180 degrees. By rotating the fiber fixture, the camera on the microscope can comprehensively observe and record the fibers being observed. The evaluation method establishes a functional relationship between the scale area on the fiber surface and the degree of etching through image acquisition, image analysis, and data processing, enabling computer-based objective evaluation of the degree of scaling on individual cashmere fibers. The method is simple in principle, easy to operate, and can objectively reflect the degree of scaling on the surface of cashmere fibers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plush fiber evaluation, and in particular to an observation device and an evaluation method for the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers. Background Art

[0002] Plush fibers primarily refer to fibers extracted from the hair of animals used for blankets, such as sheep wool, goat wool, camel wool, rabbit wool, yak wool, alpaca wool, and camel wool. The scale layer of plush fibers is primarily composed of keratinized protein cells, which provide excellent protection for the fiber core. However, the presence of scales on the surface of plush fibers can sometimes not only affect fiber processing but also negatively impact the wearability of wool fabrics. For example, when wool fabrics are subjected to external forces or heat and humidity, the scales on their surface produce a directional friction effect, resulting in felting, shrinkage, a rough feel, and reduced elasticity. The fatty acids on the surface of plush fibers covalently bind to proteins to form a lipid film. The hydrophobic groups of the fatty acids are arranged toward the outside of the scales, making wool extremely hydrophobic and susceptible to static electricity. This surface layer of fiber scales not only negatively impacts wettability but also significantly reduces the adsorption capacity of dye molecules, hindering dyeing.

[0003] To reduce the negative impact of scales on the surface of wool fibers, the scales need to be treated. There are two main scale treatment methods: subtractive treatment and additive treatment. The former directly destroys the scales of the wool fiber, causing them to fall off. The latter uses treatment agents such as resins to adsorb polymers onto the wool fiber surface, forming a thin film on the scales. Subtractive treatment is further divided into biological, chemical, and physical methods, each of which has different effects on the removal of scales from the fiber surface and the degree of treatment.

[0004] As research on wool surface modification matures, increasing attention is being paid to evaluating the degree of scale removal or etching on the wool surface. Previously, most people chose to observe the morphological changes of the scales on the fiber surface before and after treatment under an optical microscope or scanning electron microscope, and then subjectively judge the descaling effect. This method is convenient and rapid, but has obvious drawbacks: there is no unified evaluation method or standard, and the captured fiber images are two-dimensional, which does not conform to the tubular, encircling morphology of the scales on the surface of plush fibers. This leads to large errors in the evaluation of the descaling degree, and it is impossible to objectively compare and contrast the evaluations of the descaling effects of different experimenters or staff. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and to provide an observation device and an evaluation method for the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

[0007] A device for observing the degree of scaling on the surface of plush fibers includes a microscope with a camera function. A fiber fixture is mounted on the base of the microscope and can be rotated longitudinally by at least 180 degrees. By rotating the fiber fixture, the camera on the microscope can observe and record the fibers in all directions.

[0008] Preferably, the fiber fixing device includes a transparent fixing cylinder and rotating sleeve components detachably arranged at both ends of the fixing cylinder, and the fiber to be observed is fixed between the two rotating sleeve components.

[0009] Preferably, a through hole is provided at the center of the rotating sleeve assembly, and a mounting hole connected to the through hole is provided on the side of the rotating sleeve assembly. A fixed pull rod is provided in the mounting hole, one end of the fixed pull rod extends into the through hole and is fixedly provided with a pull ring, and the other end of the fixed pull rod extends outside the mounting hole.

[0010] Preferably, the rotating sleeve assembly is provided with a bearing matching the base, and the rotating sleeve assembly realizes longitudinal rotation on the base through the bearing; the side of the rotating sleeve assembly is also provided with a fixed block, which is sleeved on the fixed pull rod and fixes the fixed pull rod through friction.

[0011] A method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Image acquisition: using an observation device to capture images of the physical fiber to form image information;

[0013] Step 2: Image analysis, which is completed using analysis software such as FineBI, Tableau, and Power BI. After the collected images are corrected, scaled, and color-adjusted, specific locations on the fiber surface scales in the image are selected for measurement and the required information data is obtained;

[0014] Step 3: Data processing: Process the fiber surface scale information data obtained from the test and establish a functional relationship. The index parameters used to represent the degree of fiber surface descaling include the remaining proportion of the fiber surface scale area. A , absolute value of fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |、Fiber diameter height ratio change rate| V C |, the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers is graded and evaluated based on the above three index parameters.

[0015] Among them, the remaining proportion of the fiber surface scale area AThe calculation method is to scan the plush fiber that has not been scaled for the first time and save the measured fiber surface scale area. Then, scan the same fiber for the second time after the scale is removed to measure the fiber surface scale area. The relative remaining scale ratio is calculated based on the fiber surface scale areas measured on both sides. A。

[0016] Among them, the absolute value of the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B | is calculated as,| V B | = | B'-B / B | * 100% ; Among them, the radial axis parameters B Reflects the scale coating state of the fiber surface. When measuring, a certain length of fiber is selected to measure the total number of scales in this section of fiber. n Then, the midpoint of each scale boundary is selected on one side of the fiber, and a straight line perpendicular to the fiber axis is drawn to count the total number of intersections between all the straight lines perpendicular to the axis of the fiber and the scales. m , m / n Is the radial axis parameter B Numeric value.

[0017] Wherein, the fiber diameter height ratio change rate| V C | is calculated as,| V C |= | C'-C / C | * 100% ; The diameter-to-height ratio C Reflects the shape of the scales on the fiber surface. When measuring, randomly select multiple points on the edge of a section of fiber to measure the diameter value and calculate the average diameter d ; Then measure the length from the edge of the scale at one end of the fiber axis to the edge of the scale at the other end of the axis L , calculate the number of scales that this section of the central axis passes through i , using the length of the central axis L Divide by the number of scales passed i , the average visible height of the scales L / i , the ratio of the average fiber diameter to the average visible height of the scales i*d / L Diameter-to-height ratio C Numeric value.

[0018] The evaluation of the degree of scaling of the surface of the plush fibers is divided into five levels:

[0019] Level 1: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber may be slightly damaged, and the scale area is relatively large relative to the remaining A Between 90 and 100%;

[0020] Level 2: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are slightly etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A between 70% and 90%;

[0021] Level 3: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 40% and 70%;

[0022] Level 4: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 10% and 40%;

[0023] Level 5: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off almost completely, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 0 and 10%;

[0024] In addition, the absolute value of the change rate of the fiber diameter axis parameter in each grade | VB |Absolute value of the change rate of the diameter-to-height ratio| VC |, further divided into three categories: A, B, and C;

[0025] Grade A: | V B |≤1,| V C |≤1;

[0026] B:| V B |≤1,| V C |>1 or | V B |>1、| V C |≤1;

[0027] Class C:| V B |>1、| V C |>1.

[0028] In addition, the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C When any value in | does not exist, the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface A and another absolute value of the change rate to rate the degree of fiber scaling; when the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C|When both are absent, only the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface is used. A The degree of fiber scaling was rated.

[0029] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0030] The present invention provides an observation device for the degree of scaling on the surface of plush fibers. Based on a microscope with a camera function, a fiber fixing device that can rotate at least 180 degrees is added to facilitate all-round observation and recording of the fiber surface.

[0031] This device solves the problem of difficult fiber fixation. It features a transparent fixing tube and removable sleeves at both ends. To fix the fiber, the fiber is passed through the through-holes of the two sleeves, two pull rings, and the fixing tube located between the two sleeves. Then, the two fixing rods are pulled upward. The pull rings tighten the fiber from both sides until it is straightened.

[0032] This paper provides a method for testing and evaluating the degree of surface scaling of a single plush fiber, filling a domestic gap to a certain extent. The method is simple in principle, easy to operate, and can objectively reflect the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the device for observing the degree of scaling on the surface of plush fibers of the present invention when in use;

[0034] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the device for observing the degree of scaling on the surface of plush fibers according to the present invention;

[0035] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the fiber fixing device of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 4 for Figure 3 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0037] Figure 5 A schematic side view of the structure of the invented fiber fixing device;

[0038] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of high loop plush fiber before treatment Figure 1 ;

[0039] Figure 7 This is a diagram of the high-loop plush fiber after treatment. Figure 1 ;

[0040] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of high loop plush fiber before treatment Figure 2 ;

[0041] Figure 9This is a diagram of the high-loop plush fiber after treatment. Figure 2 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0043] like Figure 1-Figure 5 The device shown is an observation device for the degree of scaling on the surface of plush fibers, comprising a microscope 6 with a camera function, i.e., a microscope with a camera device. A fiber fixing device 7 is provided on the base 61 of the microscope 6, and the fiber fixing device 7 can be rotated longitudinally by at least 180° or 360°, so that the camera device on the microscope 6 can capture the full range of the fiber to be observed. The fiber fixing device 7 comprises a transparent fixing tube 71 and a rotating sleeve assembly 8 detachably provided at both ends of the fixing tube 71, and the fiber to be observed is fixed between the two rotating sleeve assemblies 8. The two rotating sleeve assemblies 8 can be connected to the fixing tube 71 by means of a snap connection or a threaded connection, so as to facilitate installation. A through hole 81 is provided at the center of the rotating sleeve assembly 8, and a mounting hole 82 connected to the through hole 81 is provided on the side of the rotating sleeve assembly 8. A fixed pull rod 83 is provided in the mounting hole 82, one end of the fixed pull rod 83 extends into the through hole 81 and is fixedly provided with a pull ring 84, and the other end of the fixed pull rod 83 extends out of the mounting hole 82. When fixing the fiber to be observed, first pass the fiber to be observed through the through holes 81 on the two rotating sleeve assemblies 8, the two pull rings 84 and the fixed tube 71 located between the two rotating sleeve assemblies 8, and then pull the two fixed rods 83 upward. At this time, the pull rings 84 will tighten the fiber to be observed from both sides until the fiber to be observed is straightened.

[0044] As a preferred embodiment, the rotating sleeve assembly 8 is provided with a bearing 62 that matches the base 61. The rotating sleeve assembly 8 can achieve longitudinal rotation on the base 61 through the bearing 62, and the rotation of the rotating sleeve assembly 8 will be smoother. In addition, a rotation angle scale mark can be set at the position corresponding to the side of the rotating sleeve assembly 8 and the base 61, so that the operator can accurately control the rotation angle. In addition, a fixed block 86 is also provided on the side of the rotating sleeve assembly 8. The fixed block 86 is mounted on the fixed rod 83 and fixes the fixed rod 83 through friction. The fixed block 86 can be made of rubber or other materials with a high friction coefficient. When the fixed rod 83 is pulled to a state where the fiber to be observed is extended, the fixed rod 83 can be fixed by the friction between the fixed block 86 after releasing the hand, which is convenient to operate. The protruding portion of the fixed rod 83 can also be combined with the rotation angle scale mark to become a pointer showing the angle.

[0045] A method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers comprises the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Image acquisition: The image of the fiber to be tested in the fiber fixing device 7 is acquired by the camera device on the observation device to form image information; the acquired image information is transmitted to the computer for storage.

[0047] Step 2: Image analysis is completed using image analysis software such as FineBI, Tableau, Power BI, etc. After the collected images are corrected, scaled, and color adjusted, specific locations on the fiber surface scales in the image are selected for measurement and the required information data is obtained.

[0048] Step 3: Data processing: Process the fiber surface scale information data obtained from the test and establish a functional relationship. The index parameters used to represent the degree of fiber surface descaling include the remaining proportion of the fiber surface scale area. A , absolute value of fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |、Fiber diameter height ratio change rate| V C |, the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers is graded and evaluated based on the above three index parameters.

[0049] The remaining proportion of the scale area on the fiber surface A The calculation method is to scan the plush fiber that has not been scaled for the first time and save the measured fiber surface scale area. Then, scan the same fiber for the second time after the scale is removed to measure the fiber surface scale area. The relative remaining scale ratio is calculated by dividing the fiber surface scale areas measured on both sides. A。

[0050] The absolute value of the change rate of the fiber diameter axis parameter| V B | is calculated as,| V B | = | B'-B / B | * 100% The radial axis parameters are B Reflects the scale coating state of the fiber surface. When measuring, a certain length of fiber is selected to measure the total number of scales in this section of fiber. n Then, the midpoint of each scale boundary is selected on one side of the fiber, and a straight line perpendicular to the fiber axis is drawn to count the total number of intersections between all the straight lines perpendicular to the axis of the fiber and the scales. m , m / n Is the radial axis parameter B Numeric value. Similarly, B’ It represents the radial and axial parameters of the fiber after processing.

[0051] The fiber diameter height ratio change rate| VC | is calculated as,| V C | = | C'-C / C | * 100% ; The diameter-to-height ratio C Reflects the shape of the scales on the fiber surface. When measuring, randomly select multiple points on the edge of a section of fiber to measure the diameter value and calculate the average diameter d ; Then measure the length from the edge of the scale at one end of the fiber axis to the edge of the scale at the other end of the axis L , calculate the number of scales that this section of the central axis passes through i , using the length of the central axis L Divide by the number of scales passed i , the average visible height of the scales L / i , the ratio of the average fiber diameter to the average visible height of the scales i*d / L Diameter-to-height ratio C Numeric value. Similarly, C’ It represents the diameter-to-height ratio of the fiber after processing.

[0052] According to the above-mentioned index parameters, the grading evaluation table of the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers is as follows:

[0053]

[0054] Among them, the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C When any value in | does not exist, the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface A and another absolute value of the change rate to rate the degree of fiber scaling; when the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C |When both are absent, only the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface is used. A The degree of fiber scaling was rated.

[0055] Example 1

[0056] See Figure 6-Figure 9 , take a section of high looped plush fiber to be tested, according to the above evaluation method,

[0057] Remaining proportion of scale area on fiber surface A Direct detection and calculation based on image analysis technology to obtain the hypothetical measured A =75%;

[0058] Absolute value of the rate of change of radial axis parameters | VB |:such as Figure 6 As shown, the number of scales in this section of fiber before treatment n =4, draw a straight line perpendicular to the fiber axis at the midpoint of the left edge of each scale, and calculate the total number of intersections of all the straight lines perpendicular to the axis of the fiber segment and the scales m is 0, so Bm / n is 0; Figure 7 As shown, the number of scales in this section of fiber after treatment n’ is 4, m’ is 1, B’ is 0.25; absolute value of the radial axis parameter change rate | V B |=| B'-B / B | * 100% In the real number range there is no such thing as rating based solely on other parameters at this point;

[0059] Absolute value of the change rate of diameter-to-height ratio| V C |:such as Figure 8 As shown, the average diameter of the fiber segment is d Assuming the measured d=m=50μm , the length of the central axis is L, assuming that L=1cm, the number of scales passed by the central axis is i is 4, the diameter-to-height ratio value C That is 4*d / L= 0.02 ;like Figure 9 As shown, the average diameter of the fiber after treatment is d'=m=50μm , length of the central axis L'=L=1cm , i’=4 All three remain unchanged, and the absolute value of the diameter-to-height ratio change rate | V C |=| C'-C / C | * 100%=0 .

[0060] Therefore, the evaluation grade of the scaling degree of the surface of the high-loop plush fiber after treatment is Grade 2A.

[0061] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers, characterized in that: The following steps are included: Step 1: Image acquisition: using an observation device to capture images of the physical fiber to form image information; Step 2: Image analysis: After processing the image information using image analysis software, a specific location on the fiber surface scales in the image is selected for measurement and the required information data is obtained; Step 3: Data processing: Process the fiber surface scale information data obtained from the test and establish a functional relationship. The index parameters used to represent the degree of fiber surface descaling include the remaining proportion of the fiber surface scale area. A , absolute value of fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |、Fiber diameter height ratio change rate| V C |, grade and evaluate the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers based on the above three index parameters; The absolute value of the change rate of the fiber diameter axis parameter| V B | is calculated as,| V B | = | (B'-B) / B | * 100% ; Among them, the radial axis parameters B Reflects the scale coating state of the fiber surface. When measuring, a certain length of fiber is selected to measure the total number of scales in this section of fiber. n Then, the midpoint of each scale boundary is selected on one side of the fiber, and a straight line perpendicular to the fiber axis is drawn to count the total number of intersections between all the straight lines perpendicular to the axis of the fiber and the scales. m , m / n Is the radial axis parameter B Numeric value; The fiber diameter height ratio change rate| V C | is calculated as,| V C | = | (C'-C) / C | * 100% ; The diameter-to-height ratio C Reflects the shape of the scales on the fiber surface. When measuring, randomly select multiple points on the edge of a section of fiber to measure the diameter value and calculate the average diameter d ; Then measure the length from the edge of the scale at one end of the fiber axis to the edge of the scale at the other end of the axis L , calculate the number of scales that this section of the central axis passes through i , using the length of the central axis L Divide by the number of scales passed i , the average visible height of the scales L / i , the ratio of the average fiber diameter to the average visible height of the scales i*d / L Diameter-to-height ratio C Numeric value.

2. The method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The remaining proportion of the scale area on the fiber surface A The calculation method is to scan the plush fiber that has not been scaled for the first time and save the measured fiber surface scale area. Then, scan the same fiber for the second time after the scale is removed to measure the fiber surface scale area. The relative remaining scale ratio is calculated based on the fiber surface scale areas measured on both sides. A。 3. The method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The evaluation of the degree of scaling of the surface of the plush fibers is divided into five levels: Level 1: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber may be slightly damaged, and the scale area is relatively large relative to the remaining A Between 90 and 100%; Level 2: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are slightly etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A between 70% and 90%; Level 3: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 40% and 70%; Level 4: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 10% and 40%; Level 5: The scales on the surface of the plush fiber are severely etched and fall off almost completely, and the remaining scale area is relatively small. A Between 0 and 10%; In addition, the absolute value of the change rate of the fiber diameter axis parameter in each grade | VB |Absolute value of the change rate of the diameter-to-height ratio| VC |, further divided into three categories: A, B, and C; Grade A: | V B |≤1,| V C |≤1; B:| V B |≤1,| V C |>1 or | V B |>1、| V C |≤1; Class C:| V B |>1、| V C |>1.

4. The method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers according to claim 3, wherein: The fiber diameter axis parameter change rate| V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C When any value in | does not exist, the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface A and another absolute value of the change rate to rate the degree of fiber scaling; when the fiber diameter axis parameter change rate | V B |Rate of change of diameter-to-height ratio| V C |When both are absent, only the remaining proportion of scales on the fiber surface is used. A The degree of fiber scaling was rated.

5. The method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers according to claim 1, wherein: The observation device comprises a microscope (6) with a camera function, a fiber fixing device (7) is provided on a base (61) of the microscope (6), and the fiber fixing device (7) can be longitudinally rotated by at least 180 degrees; the fiber fixing device (7) comprises a transparent fixing cylinder (71) and a rotating sleeve assembly (8) detachably provided at both ends of the fixing cylinder (71), and the fiber to be observed is fixed between the two rotating sleeve assemblies (8); A through hole (81) is provided at the center of the rotating sleeve assembly (8), a mounting hole (82) communicating with the through hole (81) is provided on the side of the rotating sleeve assembly (8), a fixed pull rod (83) is provided in the mounting hole (82), one end of the fixed pull rod (83) extends into the through hole (81) and is fixedly provided with a pull ring (84), and the other end of the fixed pull rod (83) extends out of the mounting hole (82).

6. The method for evaluating the degree of surface scaling of plush fibers according to claim 5, wherein: The rotating sleeve assembly (8) is provided with a bearing (62) matched with the base (61), and the rotating sleeve assembly (8) is able to realize longitudinal rotation on the base (61) through the bearing (62); a fixing block (86) is also provided on the side of the rotating sleeve assembly (8), and the fixing block (86) is mounted on the fixed pull rod (83) and fixes the fixed pull rod (83) through friction.

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