Optical cable structure applied to long-term positioning and optical cable anti-radiation signal generating system

Abstract

The invention provides an optical cable structure applied to long-term positioning. The optical cable structure comprises an optical fiber unit, an optical fiber unit protection sleeve arranged outside the optical fiber unit in a sleeving mode, a fixing piece, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices. Wherein the fixing piece is provided with a first accommodating part and a second accommodating part, the optical fiber unit protection sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating part, and the plurality of signal generation devices are arranged in the second accommodating part at equal intervals along the length direction of the second accommodating part; the plurality of signal generating devices are all provided with wire accommodating parts, and the connecting wires are arranged in the wire accommodating parts of the plurality of signal generating devices and connect the plurality of signal generating devices. The signal generating device and the optical cable are fused into a whole, so that the optical cable structure can be applied to long-term positioning, and the problem that in the prior art, a signal generator is powered by a battery, and positioning measurement needs to be completed within one to two weeks after the optical cable is put down is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of seismic exploration and development, and specifically relates to an optical cable structure used for long-term positioning. At the same time, the present invention also relates to an optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system including the optical cable structure. Background Art

[0002] Since the development of seismic exploration technology in the 1930s, seismic recording instruments and seismic geophysical technology have continued to develop. In the nearly 100 years of development of seismic geophysical technology, seismic acquisition equipment is the key equipment of seismic geophysical technology, and it complements the development of seismic geophysical technology. Its technical level, performance indicators and application effects are directly related to the effect of seismic acquisition data.

[0003] With the change of exploration and development goals, seismic geophysical exploration technology has also developed in different directions, and the requirements for seismic acquisition equipment receiving systems have also changed greatly. In recent years, distributed fiber acoustic sensing technology (DAS) has shown good application prospects in seismic exploration.

[0004] Distributed fiber acoustic sensing technology (DAS) uses the phase of coherent Rayleigh scattered light rather than light intensity to detect signals such as sound or vibration in the audio range. It can not only use the phase amplitude to provide intensity information of sound or vibration events, but also use linear quantitative measurement values ​​to obtain phase and frequency information of sound or vibration events.

[0005] The measurement process of DAS is as follows: the laser emits a light pulse along the optical fiber, and some light interferes with the incident light in the pulse in the form of backscattering. After the interference light is reflected back, the backscattered interference light returns to the signal processing device, and at the same time, the vibration sound wave signal along the optical fiber is brought to the signal processing device. Since the speed of light remains unchanged, the measurement result of the sound wave vibration per meter of optical fiber can be obtained.

[0006] DAS can be applied in oil exploration, oil and shale gas fracturing acoustic vibration process monitoring and other related fields.

[0007] At present, the main consideration for permanently installing optical cables underground in oil and gas exploration and development is to protect the optical fiber core from damage during the construction process. Multi-layer protective sheaths (hereinafter referred to as optical fiber sheaths) are added to the outer layer of the optical fiber core, and are encapsulated and molded with polymers such as polypropylene that are resistant to high temperature, strong in pressure resistance, and have good toughness. Then, signal generating devices are placed side by side on one side of the optical fiber sheath and connected through low-impedance wires.

[0008] There are two main ways to avoid radiation for permanent optical cables in underground mines. One is to customize protectors and crawlers to locate by measuring gravity anomalies and magnetic field anomalies. The other is to add a signal generator when lowering the optical cable and determine the position of the optical cable by measuring the signal generated by the signal generator. The signal generator is powered by a battery. In this case, the measurement must be completed when the battery can make the signal generator work normally, that is, the positioning measurement must be completed within one to two weeks after the optical cable is lowered. The operation time is high, the production cost is increased, and the application of technology is affected. In view of this, the development of an optical cable structure that can be used for long-term positioning has become an urgent problem to be solved by technicians in this field. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned difficulties in the prior art, and integrate the signal generating device and the optical cable into one through the wire, and use it to provide power supply and communication, and generate corresponding signals through the ground control device for the equipment in the casing to measure, and then determine the position of the optical cable, so as to be applied to long-term positioning, ensure that the optical cable is avoided during the perforation construction process, and ensure that the optical fiber unit in the optical cable is not cut, which is used for later oil and gas exploration and measurement. It should be noted that the "equipment in the casing" in this paragraph refers to the equipment that can receive the signal generated by the signal generating device when the position of the optical cable needs to be measured.

[0010] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0011] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide an optical cable structure for long-term positioning, the optical cable structure comprising an optical fiber unit, an optical fiber unit protective sleeve sleeved outside the optical fiber unit, a fixing member, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices; wherein the fixing member is provided with a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion, the optical fiber unit protective sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating portion, and a plurality of the signal generating devices are arranged in the second accommodating portion at equal intervals along the length direction of the second accommodating portion; the plurality of the signal generating devices are all provided with a wire accommodating portion, the connecting wire is arranged in the wire accommodating portion of the plurality of the signal generating devices and connects the plurality of the signal generating devices.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, each of the signal generating devices is provided with at least four wire accommodating portions.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention,

[0014] There are multiple optical fiber units; and / or

[0015] The optical fiber unit comprises at least three optical fiber cores; and / or

[0016] At least three of the optical fiber cores are single-mode optical fibers and / or multi-mode optical fibers.

[0017] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the fixing element is made of polymer material.

[0018] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the optical cable structure is flat or square.

[0019] The second object of the present invention is to provide an optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning, the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system comprising a ground signal control device and the optical cable structure described in one of the objects of the present invention; wherein the ground signal control device and the optical cable structure are connected by the connecting wire.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the ground signal control device comprises:

[0021] An input module is communicatively connected to the main controller and is configured to receive input commands and send them to the main controller;

[0022] The satellite receiving module is communicatively connected to the antenna and the main controller, and is configured to receive satellite information from the antenna, read the time, and send it to the main controller;

[0023] The downhole equipment power supply module is communicatively connected to the power input interface and the main controller, and is configured to receive commands from the external input power and the main controller to supply power to the multiple signal generating devices;

[0024] A main controller is configured to supply power and issue commands to a plurality of signal generating devices according to input commands and time.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the command includes setting a device serial number and / or starting.

[0026] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal generating device comprises:

[0027] A communication control module, which is communicatively connected to a main controller of the ground signal control device and is configured to receive commands issued by the main controller and send them to the controller;

[0028] A controller, communicatively connected to the communication control module, configured to receive a set serial number command to generate a serial number and store it, receive a start command and send it to the signal generation module;

[0029] A signal generating module, communicatively connected to the controller, configured to receive a start command and generate a signal including a serial number;

[0030] The signal output module is communicatively connected to the signal generation module and is configured to receive and output a signal containing a serial number.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal generating device further comprises a power management control module, which is communicatively connected to the controller, the uplink interface module, and the downlink interface module respectively; and is configured to cut off the power supply between the controller and the downlink interface module when the controller receives a command to set the serial number; and / or

[0032] The communication control module is communicatively connected to the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module respectively; it is configured to cut off the communication with the downlink interface module when the controller receives a command to set the serial number.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0034] 1. The present invention integrates the signal generator and the optical cable into one, and provides power supply and communication methods; the ground control device generates corresponding signals for the equipment in the casing to measure. On the one hand, the optical cable structure of the present invention can be used for long-term positioning, which solves the problem that the signal generator in the prior art uses battery power and requires the positioning measurement to be completed within one to two weeks after the optical cable is lowered; on the other hand, integrating the signal generator and the optical cable into one can accurately determine the position of the optical cable and improve reliability, thereby ensuring that the optical cable is avoided during the perforation construction process, improving the protection of the optical fiber unit in the optical cable, and being used for later oil and gas exploration and measurement.

[0035] 2. The present invention integrates the signal generating device and the optical cable into one, which, on the one hand, simplifies the structure of the optical cable and the signal generating system and makes the construction more convenient; on the other hand, it reduces many external interfaces, especially the interface between the signal generating device and the optical fiber unit, thereby reducing the failure rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an optical cable structure applied to long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system applied to long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 3 It is a functional block diagram of a signal control device in an optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 4 It is a functional block diagram of a signal generating device in an optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 5 It is a working flow chart of the signal control device in the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system applied to long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6It is a working flow chart of the signal generating device in the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system applied to long-term positioning of the present invention;

[0042] In the figure, M00-optical cable structure, M01-optical fiber unit, M02-optical fiber unit protection sleeve, M03-connecting wire, M04-fixing part;

[0043] M2-signal generating device;

[0044] M1 - Ground signal control device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] In the present invention, the two ends of the optical fiber unit M01 are respectively named as the head end and the tail end, wherein the head end corresponds to the end closest to the ground, and the tail end corresponds to the end farthest from the ground.

[0046] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0047] like Figure 1 As shown, the optical cable structure M00 for long-term positioning of the present invention comprises: an optical fiber unit M01, an optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02, a connecting wire M03, a fixing member M04 and a signal generating device M2.

[0048] The optical fiber unit M01 may include one or more optical fiber cores. The number of optical fiber cores in the optical fiber unit M01 depends on the measurement parameters and includes at least three optical fiber cores, which are respectively used for data acquisition of the distributed optical fiber acoustic wave sensing system DAS, the distributed optical fiber temperature sensing system (DTS), and the distributed optical fiber strain sensing system (DSS). When multiple optical fiber cores are placed in the optical fiber unit M01, the optical fiber core can be a single-mode optical fiber, a multi-mode optical fiber, or a combination of the two; when one optical fiber core is placed in the optical fiber unit M01, similarly, the optical fiber core can be a single-mode optical fiber or a multi-mode optical fiber.

[0049] The optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 can be a single sleeve or a combination of multiple sleeves. The size of the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 is determined according to the number of optical fiber cores, and the material of the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 is determined according to the measurement target. Figure 1 In the embodiment, the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 is a single sleeve, which is provided with five sub-sleeves, and each sub-sleeve is provided with an optical fiber unit M01. The inner diameter of each sub-sleeve matches the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit M01 therein, so that the optical fiber unit M01 can pass through the sleeve; the length of each sub-sleeve is not less than the length of the optical fiber unit M01 therein. Figure 1 The structure of the middle optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 does not constitute a limitation to the present invention, and it can be designed as a single tube or a combination of other multiple sleeves according to actual needs.

[0050] Optical fiber paste is filled between the sub-sleeves and the optical fiber unit M01 therein to bond the sub-sleeves of the optical fiber unit M01 together, and finally multiple optical fiber units M01 are bonded together with the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02, thereby achieving the fixation and protection of the optical fiber unit M01. Specifically, on the one hand, it can fix the optical fiber unit M01, and on the other hand, after being bonded together, the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 can prevent hydrogen from damaging the optical fiber unit M01, thereby protecting it and extending the life of the optical fiber unit M01. Specifically in this embodiment, the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 can be made of an aluminum tube or a copper tube. The optical fiber paste can be the optical fiber paste commonly used in oil and gas wells, and the present invention does not limit it.

[0051] A signal generating device M2 and a fixing member M04 are also provided outside the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02. The length of the fixing member M04 is not less than the length of the optical fiber unit M01, and a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion are provided along the length direction of the optical fiber unit M01. The inner diameter of the first accommodating portion matches the outer diameter of the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02, so that the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 can pass through and fix it; the size of the second accommodating portion matches the size of the signal generating device M2, so that the signal generating device M2 can pass through and fix it.

[0052] It should be emphasized that the number of the signal generating devices M2 is multiple, and they are preferably arranged in the second accommodating portion at equal intervals along the length direction of the fixing member M04; and a signal generating device M2 is arranged at the head end and the tail end of the optical fiber unit M01. Figure 2 As shown, the signal generating device M2-1 is the signal generating device M2 provided at the head end of the optical fiber unit M01, and the signal generating device M2-n is the signal generating device M2 provided at the tail end of the optical fiber unit M01. The number of the signal generating devices M2 should be set according to the actual situation, and the present invention does not limit it. The distance between two adjacent signal generating devices M2 is preferably 10m to further improve the measurement accuracy of the optical cable position.

[0053] The signal generating device M2 is provided with a wire receiving portion for fixing the connecting wire M03. The connecting wire M03 can be directly welded to the wire receiving portion or connected to the wire receiving portion via a plug connector. Figure 2 As shown, one end of the connecting wire M03 is disposed in the signal generating device M2-n, and passes through the signal generating device M2-n and sequentially passes through all the remaining signal generating devices M2 until passing through the signal generating device M2-1. That is, multiple signal generating devices M2 are sequentially connected through the connecting wire M03.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the signal generating device M2 may have a plurality of wire accommodating parts, and the corresponding connecting wires M03 may also be a plurality. Figure 1 As shown, the signal generating device M2 is provided with four wire accommodating parts, wherein the wires in two groups of wire accommodating parts are used for power supply, and the wires in the other two groups of wire accommodating parts are used for communication, but this does not constitute a limitation of the present invention, and the technicians can make adjustments according to actual needs. The connecting wire M03 is preferably a wire with low resistivity, good conductivity, and strong tensile strength. More preferably, the outer diameter of the connecting wire M03 is not greater than one-third of the inner diameter of the optical fiber unit protective sleeve M02.

[0055] It should be emphasized that the fixing part M04 is made of polymer material, which has the characteristics of high temperature resistance, strong tensile and compressive resistance, good toughness, strong plasticity, good elasticity, and easy molding. It is preferably made of polypropylene. Before production, the polymer material is first melted at high temperature and then introduced into the mold; then the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 and multiple signal generating devices M2 (connected by connecting wires M03) are also introduced into the corresponding positions of the mold; finally, the polymer material is cooled and formed. Finally, the fixing part M04 bonds and solidifies the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 and multiple signal generating devices M2 together to form an optical cable M00. Preferably, the optical cable M00 is flat or square to better fix the optical fiber unit protection sleeve M02 and multiple signal generating devices M2. Another function of the fixing part M04 is to protect the optical fiber unit M01, signal generating device M2, and connecting wire M03 in the optical cable M00 during the construction process, so as to ensure that it can work normally after being lowered.

[0056] The present invention also relates to an optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning, which includes the above-mentioned optical cable structure M00 for long-term positioning and a ground signal control device M1. Figure 2 As shown, the signal generating device M2 and the connecting wire M03 are integrated into the optical cable structure M00. As mentioned above, the connecting wire M03 extends from the signal generating device M2-n to the signal generating device M2-1. In the optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system used for long-term positioning, the connecting wire M03 continues to extend and is finally connected to the ground signal control device M1. The connecting wire M03 connects the ground signal control device M1 and multiple signal generating devices M2, and has two functions. On the one hand, it is used for communication between the ground signal control device M1 and multiple signal generating devices M2, providing a communication hardware channel (two sets of communication wires) for the two. On the other hand, it is used for the ground signal control device M1 to supply power to multiple signal generating devices M2 (two sets of power supply wires).

[0057] The working mode and process of the signal generation system are as follows:

[0058] The ground signal control device M1 is the control center of the signal generating system. It provides power to multiple signal generating devices M2, and issues commands to the signal generating device M2 in the optical cable M00 through the connecting wire M03 in the optical cable structure M00 according to the preset start time. The signal generating device M2 receives the command of the ground signal control device M1 and executes it. There are two types of commands issued by the ground signal control device M1 to the signal generating device M2: the first is the "set serial number" command, and the second is the "start" command. After receiving the "set serial number command", the signal generating device M2 will set the serial number of the signal generating device M2 in turn; after receiving the "start" command, the signal generating device M2 will generate a corresponding signal for other acquisition devices to collect. The other acquisition devices in this section are acquisition devices that can be placed in the well to receive the signal generated by the signal generating device M2, such as devices that receive vibration signals or electromagnetic signals. They are all commercially available products and will not be repeated here.

[0059] like Figure 3 As shown, the ground signal control device M1 is composed of a main controller M11, a display module M12, an input module M13, a satellite receiving module M14, an antenna M15, a downlink communication module M16, an output interface M17, a synchronous communication module M18, a synchronous communication interface M19, a power input interface M110, a local power module M111, a local power interface M112, and a downhole equipment power supply module M113.

[0060] The main controller M11 is the control center of the ground signal control device M1. The main controller M11 is connected to the display module M12 for communication, and information is displayed through the display module M12. The information displayed here is various artificial information for human-computer interaction (such as preset start time, real-time working status, etc.); the main controller M11 is connected to the input module M13 for communication, and local human-computer interaction dialogue is performed through the input module M13. The input module M13 is configured to receive input commands (including but not limited to setting the start time, starting which signal generating devices, generating signal frequency, etc.), and send the command to the main controller M11. The set start time here includes but is not limited to the start time of "setting the serial number" and the start time of "generating a signal". Generally speaking, the time between two adjacent "setting the serial number" is generally not less than one month. The time between two adjacent "generating a signal" can be set according to demand.

[0061] The main controller M11 is connected to the satellite receiving module M14 in communication, and the satellite receiving module M14 is connected to the antenna M15 in communication. The satellite receiving module M14 receives satellite information through the antenna M15, reads the time, receives the second pulse, and sends it to the main controller M11. The time is the reference signal for judging the start signal. After the main controller M11 receives the time of the satellite receiving module M14, it judges whether the time reaches the preset start time. If so, the corresponding command can be started. For example, if the start time of "setting the serial number" is reached, the "setting the serial number" command is sent to the multiple signal generating devices M2; if the start time of "generating a signal" is reached, the power supply is started to the multiple signal generating devices M2, and after the power supply is completed, the "start" command is sent to the multiple signal generating devices M2. The multiple signal generating devices M2 receive the "start" command and generate signals for other acquisition devices to collect.

[0062] The main controller M11 is connected to the synchronous communication module M18, the synchronous communication module M18 is connected to the synchronous communication interface M19, and the synchronous communication interface M19 is connected to the external signal acquisition system. Finally, the main controller M11 communicates with the external signal acquisition system through the synchronous communication module M18 and the synchronous communication interface M19.

[0063] The main controller M11 is connected to the downlink communication module M16 for communication, and the downlink communication module M16 is connected to the output interface M17 for communication. The main controller M11 is connected to the output interface M17 through the downlink communication module M16, and the output interface M17 is connected to the connecting wire M03 in the optical cable structure M00, so that the main controller M11 can supply power to the signal generating device M2 and send commands. Specifically in this embodiment, the output interface M17 is connected to four groups of wires in four wire accommodating parts (two groups of wires in the wire accommodating parts are used for power supply, and the other two groups of wires in the wire accommodating parts are used for communication).

[0064] The main controller M11 is connected to the downhole equipment power supply module M113 in communication, the downhole equipment power supply module M113 is connected to the power input interface M110 and the output interface M17, the power input interface M110 is connected to the local power module M111, and the local power module M111 is connected to the local power interface M112. The power input interface M110 is a power input interface that can receive external input power. After receiving the input power, the power input interface M110 converts the input power into the required voltage on the one hand, and supplies power to the corresponding circuit through the local power module M111 and the local power interface M112, and on the other hand, converts the input power into the required voltage, and supplies power to the signal generating device M2 through the downhole equipment power supply module M113, the output interface M17, and the connecting wire M03. The downhole equipment power supply module M113 is controlled by the main controller M11, and is configured to receive commands from the main controller M11 and supply power to multiple signal generating devices M2.

[0065] The signal generating device M2 is configured to receive commands from the ground signal control system M1, set the serial number of the signal generating device M2 at this level, generate the corresponding signal (i.e., the signal containing the serial number), and control the signal generating device M2 at the next level. Here, "controlling the signal generating device M2 at the next level" includes two aspects, one is power supply control, and the other is communication control. The optical cable M00 has the functions of sensing vibration signals, transmitting signals, electrical transmission, and control signal transmission, and is the core of optical fiber sensing vibration signals.

[0066] Figure 4 FIG. 4 shows a functional block diagram of the signal generating device M2. Figure 4 As shown, the functional modules of the signal generating device M2 mainly include a controller M21, a communication control module M22, a power management control module M23, an uplink interface module M24, a downlink interface module M25, a signal generating module M26, and a signal output module M27. Among them, the controller M21 is the control center of the signal generating device M2.

[0067] The controller M21 of the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the communication control module M22, the communication control module M22 is connected to the uplink interface module M24, and the uplink interface module M24 is connected to the ground signal control device M1. Specifically, the communication control module M22 in the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the output interface M17 in the ground signal control device M1 through the uplink interface module M24, and then receives the command from the main controller M11 in the ground signal control device M1, and transmits it to the controller M21. The communication control module M22 in the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the uplink interface module M24 in the second-level signal generating device M2 through the downlink interface module M25, and then realizes the communication control of the next-level signal generating device M2.

[0068] The controller M21 of the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the battery management control module M23 in communication, the battery management control module M23 is connected to the uplink interface module M24 in communication, and the uplink interface module M24 is connected to the ground signal control device M1 in communication. Specifically, the battery management control module M23 in the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the output interface M17 and the downhole equipment power supply module M113 in the ground signal control device M1 through the uplink interface module M24 to receive power. The battery management control module M23 in the first-level signal generating device M2 is connected to the uplink interface module M24 in the second-level signal generating device M2 through the downlink interface module M25, thereby realizing power supply control of the next-level signal generating device M2.

[0069] The controller M21 of the first-level signal generating device M2 receives the command of the ground signal control device M1. If it is a "set serial number" command, it sends a control message to the communication control module M22 to disconnect the communication channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 (the communication control module M22 controls the on-off of the connecting wire M03 used for communication), and at the same time sends a control message to the battery management control module M23 to disconnect the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 (the battery management control module M23 controls the on-off of the connecting wire M03 used for power supply). After the serial number of the first-level signal generating device M2 is set, the serial number is stored as the serial number of the first-level signal generating device M2. After that, the controller M21 of the first-level signal generating device M2 sends a decontrol message to the communication control module M22 and the battery management control module M23 respectively to restore the communication channel and power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2. The controller M21 of the second-level signal generating device M2 receives the "set serial number" command, and sends a control message to the communication control module M22 and the battery management control module M23 respectively to disconnect the communication channel and power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2; after the serial number is set, the communication channel and power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2 are restored. And so on, until the serial number of the last-level signal generating device M2 is set. In this way, it is ensured that the serial number of each signal generating device M2 in the same optical cable is unique, so as to improve the accuracy of the relative position detection of the optical cable.

[0070] It should be noted that when the power is turned on, the communication switch is turned on by default. Only when it needs to be disconnected (such as setting the device serial number), the controller M21 controls the communication control module M22 to disconnect the communication channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2. Similarly, when the power is turned on, the power switch is turned on by default. Only when it needs to be disconnected (such as setting the device serial number), the controller M21 controls the power management control module M23 to disconnect the power supply channel of the subsequent signal generating device M2.

[0071] The controller M21 of the first-level signal generating device M2 receives the command from the ground signal control device M1. If it is a "start" command, the control signal generating module M26 needs to power multiple signal generating devices M2 before generating a signal. Specifically, after reaching the predetermined start time of "prepare to generate a signal", the ground signal control device M1 sends the "start power supply" command to the downhole equipment power supply module M113. As mentioned above, when powered on, the communication switch and the power supply switch are both turned on in the default state, so the downhole equipment power supply module M113 starts to power all signal generating devices M2. After the power supply is completed, the ground signal control device M1 will send a "start" command to the signal generating device M2.

[0072] The controller M21 is connected in communication with the signal generating module M26, and the signal generating module M26 is connected in communication with the signal driving output module M27. According to the received "start" command, the controller M21 controls the signal generating module M26 to generate a signal including the serial number of the signal generating device M2, and then the signal driving output module M27 outputs the signal including the serial number of the signal generating device M2. The signal driving output module M27 is the final output module of the signal, which transmits the generated signal to the outside and is received by other acquisition devices. It should be noted that the signal driving output module M27 amplifies the analog electrical signal output by the signal generating module M26, and converts the electrical signal into a corresponding excitation signal such as a vibration signal, an electromagnetic signal, etc. Other acquisition devices receive the signals (including their serial number information) of multiple signal generating devices M2 in sequence, and then determine the relative position of each signal generating device M2, and then obtain the relative position of the optical cable through the relative position analysis of all signal generating devices M2.

[0073] Figure 5 The work flow chart of the ground signal control device M1 is shown. It should be noted that before the optical cable M00 is put into the well, the ground signal control device M1 is used to set serial numbers for multiple signal generating devices M2, and the controller M21 in the signal generating device M2 stores the serial number of the signal generating device M2; the serial number can be represented by a two-byte (or more bytes) hexadecimal number, and the serial number is used to determine the relative position of the signal generating device M2 in the well. Figure 5 As shown, the main program starts running after power-on.

[0074] The first step is power-on initialization. Specifically, some status flags are set, including but not limited to input information flag (such as preset startup time), input completion flag, device serial number setting flag, signal generation flag, power supply flag, signal generation flag, reading information of corresponding devices (such as reading satellite signals), configuring interfaces, etc. In this embodiment, the "input completion flag", "device serial number setting flag", "signal generation flag", "power supply flag", and "signal generation flag" are initialized to 0. If the "input completion flag" becomes 1, it means the input is completed; if the "device serial number setting flag" becomes 1, it means the device serial number needs to be set; if the "signal generation flag" becomes 1, it means the signal is ready to be generated; if the "power supply flag" becomes 1, it means the power supply is complete; if the "signal generation flag" becomes 1, it means the signal needs to be generated.

[0075] In the second step, the main controller M11 determines whether the input module M13 is manually inputting information; the manually input information includes but is not limited to the start time of setting the device serial number, the start time of preparing to generate a signal, the power supply and power failure time, the duration of the signal, and the cancellation of the signal. If yes, proceed to the third step. If not, proceed to the fifth step.

[0076] In the third step, the input module M13 receives the manually input information and sends it to the main controller M11. It should be noted that the "manually input information" in this step in this embodiment includes but is not limited to the preset start time.

[0077] In the fourth step, the main controller M11 determines whether the manual input information is completed. If not, it returns to the second step. If it is completed, it enters the fifth step. If the input information is completed, the "input completion flag" of the first step changes from the initial 0 to 1.

[0078] In the fifth step, the main controller M11 determines whether to set the device serial number (the device here refers to multiple signal generating devices M2). If yes, go to the eleventh step to set the device serial number. If not, go to the sixth step. It should be noted that the judgment here is based on whether the preset start-up time of "setting the device serial number" has been reached, which needs to be compared with the time sent to the main controller M11 by the satellite receiving module M14. If after comparison, the preset start-up time has been reached, the "set device serial number flag" in the first step changes from the initialized 0 to 1.

[0079] In the sixth step, the main controller M11 determines whether it is ready to generate a signal. If not, it returns to the second step. If yes, it proceeds to the seventh step. It should be noted that the judgment here is based on whether the preset start-up time of "generating a signal" has been reached, which needs to be compared with the time sent to the main controller M11 by the satellite receiving module M14. If the preset start-up time has been reached after comparison, the "ready to generate a signal flag" in the first step changes from the initialized 0 to 1.

[0080] In the seventh step, the main controller M11 sends a command to the downhole equipment power supply module M113, and the downhole equipment power supply module M113 starts to supply power to the multiple signal generating devices M2 through the connecting wire M03.

[0081] In step 8, the main controller M11 determines whether the power supply is completed. If yes, it goes to step 9, if not, it returns to step 8. After the signal generating device M2 is powered on, it will detect the power supply of the device. If the power supply is stable, it is considered that the power supply is completed. After the power supply is stable, the signal generating device M2 sends a command to the main controller M11. After receiving the command, the main controller M11 sets the "power supply flag" to 1.

[0082] In the ninth step, the main controller M11 determines whether it is necessary to send a start command for generating a signal to the signal generating device M2. If not, the process returns to the ninth step, and if yes, the process proceeds to the tenth step.

[0083] In the tenth step, the main controller M11 sends a "start" command to the plurality of signal generating devices M2 through the downlink communication module M16, the output interface M17, and the connecting wire M03, and then returns to the second step.

[0084] In the eleventh step, the program for setting the device serial number is run, and the main controller M11 sends a "set serial number" command to the plurality of signal generating devices M2 through the downlink communication module M16 and the output interface M17, and then returns to the second step.

[0085] Figure 6 FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the signal generating device M2. Figure 6 As shown, after power-on, it is initialized and waits for receiving commands from the ground signal control device M1, and stores the serial number and output signal according to the commands. The specific process is as follows:

[0086] The first step is power-on initialization.

[0087] In the second step, the controller M21 determines whether it has received a command from the ground signal control device M1. If yes, it proceeds to the third step. If no, it returns to the second step.

[0088] In the third step, the controller M21 receives the command from the ground signal control device M1.

[0089] In the fourth step, the controller M21 determines whether it is a "set device serial number" command. If not, it proceeds to the fifth step. If yes, it proceeds to the seventh step.

[0090] In the fifth step, the controller M21 determines whether it is a "start" command. If so, it goes to the sixth step, if not, it returns to the second step.

[0091] In the sixth step, the controller M21 receives the "start" command from the ground signal control device M1 and controls the signal generating module M26 to generate a signal containing the serial number of the signal generating device M2 for other acquisition equipment to collect and use to determine the direction and position of the optical cable in the well, and then returns to the second step.

[0092] In the seventh step, the controller M21 of each level of the signal generating device M2 receives the "set serial number" command from the ground signal control device M1 in turn, sets the serial number of the signal generating device M2 according to the command, and stores the serial number as the serial number of the signal generating device M2. Then, the process returns to the second step.

[0093] Example 1

[0094] 1. Complete the production and debugging of optical cable M00 and ground signal control device M1;

[0095] 2. Before the optical cable M00 is put into the well for construction, the ground signal control device M1 is used to set serial numbers for multiple signal generating devices M2;

[0096] 3. According to the oil casing downhole construction specifications, lower the optical cable M00 integrated with multiple signal generating devices M2 and connecting wires M03 into the well;

[0097] 4. Optical fiber core testing and signal generation system debugging: Use optical fiber testing equipment to test the optical fiber core in the optical cable M00, and use the ground signal control device M1 to power and control multiple signal generation devices M2;

[0098] 5. Run the signal generation system program to generate the corresponding excitation signal (the signal contains serial number information).

[0099] 6. Other acquisition equipment receives and analyzes the excitation signal, and finally obtains the position information of the optical cable at a certain depth, which is used to avoid the position of the optical cable during perforation to ensure that the optical cable is not cut, so as to be used for subsequent monitoring of oil and gas production.

[0100] It should be noted that there are many ways to start generating signals, and the satellite signal starting method of the present invention is only one of them. The signal can also be started by sending a synchronization signal from an acquisition device, or by manual input. Technicians can choose according to actual needs.

[0101] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0102] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limitations on the present invention.

[0103] The above technical solution is only one implementation mode of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, it is easy to make various types of improvements or modifications based on the principles disclosed in the present invention, and it is not limited to the technical solution described in the above specific embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the above description is only preferred and does not have a restrictive meaning.

Claims

1. An optical cable structure used for long-term positioning, characterized in that: It includes an optical fiber unit, an optical fiber unit protective sleeve sleeved outside the optical fiber unit, a fixing part, a connecting wire and a plurality of signal generating devices; wherein the fixing part is provided with a first accommodating portion and a second accommodating portion, the optical fiber unit protective sleeve is arranged in the first accommodating portion, and a plurality of the signal generating devices are arranged in the second accommodating portion at equal intervals along the length direction of the second accommodating portion; the plurality of the signal generating devices are all provided with a wire accommodating portion, and the connecting wire is arranged in the wire accommodating portion of the plurality of the signal generating devices and connects the plurality of the signal generating devices.

2. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The signal generating devices are each provided with at least four wire accommodating portions.

3. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple optical fiber units; and / or The optical fiber unit comprises at least three optical fiber cores; and / or At least three of the optical fiber cores are single-mode optical fibers and / or multi-mode optical fibers.

4. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing piece is made of polymer material.

5. The optical cable structure for long-term positioning according to claim 1, characterized in that: The optical cable structure is flat or square.

6. An optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system for long-term positioning, characterized in that: It comprises a ground signal control device and the optical cable structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5; wherein the ground signal control device and the optical cable structure are connected by the connecting wire.

7. The optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ground signal control device includes: An input module is communicatively connected to the main controller and is configured to receive input commands and send them to the main controller; The satellite receiving module is communicatively connected to the antenna and the main controller, and is configured to receive satellite information from the antenna, read the time, and send it to the main controller; The downhole equipment power supply module is communicatively connected to the power input interface and the main controller, and is configured to receive commands from the external input power and the main controller to supply power to the multiple signal generating devices; The main controller is configured to supply power and issue commands to the plurality of signal generating devices according to input commands and time.

8. The optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The commands include setting a device serial number and / or booting up.

9. The optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The signal generating device comprises: A communication control module, communicatively connected to a main controller of the ground signal control device, configured to receive commands issued by the main controller and send them to the controller; A controller, communicatively connected to the communication control module, configured to receive a set serial number command to generate a serial number and store it, receive a start command and send it to the signal generation module; A signal generating module, communicatively connected to the controller, configured to receive a start command and generate a signal including a serial number; The signal output module is communicatively connected to the signal generation module and is configured to receive and output a signal containing a serial number.

10. The optical cable radiation avoidance signal generating system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The signal generating device further comprises a power management control module, which is communicatively connected to the controller, the uplink interface module, and the downlink interface module respectively; and is configured to cut off the power supply between the controller and the downlink interface module when the controller receives a command to set the serial number; and / or The communication control module is communicatively connected to the uplink interface module and the downlink interface module respectively; it is configured to cut off the communication with the downlink interface module when the controller receives a command to set the serial number.

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