An unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode interrogation response 2.4 GHz channel

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of unmanned plane identification systems based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4GHz channel, it is related to unmanned plane technical field, including management system, ground station equipment and airborne terminal equipment;Each ground station equipment adopts 2420MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode to the unmanned plane in range periodically sends inquiry signal;When airborne terminal equipment receives inquiry signal sent by ground station equipment, it is sent to ground station equipment with 2480MHz frequency band response mode, and response signal is unmanned plane identification data;Ground station equipment transmits the unmanned plane identification data received to management system, and management system displays the unmanned plane identification data of management area, and records unmanned plane operation data, while the running state of entire unmanned plane identification system is configured and displayed.The application solves the technical problem that traditional unmanned plane identification mode cannot accurately identify and manage unmanned plane.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of unmanned aerial vehicles, in particular to an unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4GHz channel. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid growth of low-altitude economy and the rapid development of unmanned aerial vehicle technology, unmanned aerial vehicles are more widely used in various industries. However, with the rapid increase of unmanned aerial vehicle users and use scenarios, more and more unmanned aerial vehicles are used in an unregulated state, and the traditional unmanned aerial vehicle identification method cannot accurately identify the specific identity of the unmanned aerial vehicle. Therefore, the current unmanned aerial vehicle use and identification supervision method brings convenience to the society, but also brings some safety hazards to the society.

[0003] The current unmanned aerial vehicle detection and identification technology mainly adopts a radio identification method, which has the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. The traditional radio identification method mainly identifies the radio signal of the image transmission module of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and cannot identify the specific identity of the current unmanned aerial vehicle;

[0005] 2. The newer CRPC technology can only identify and crack the radio signal of individual models, and cannot accurately identify most unmanned aerial vehicles;

[0006] 3. The identification method using radio detection or radio cracking is prone to large identification errors and is prone to misidentification of other radio signals in space;

[0007] 4. The current radio unmanned aerial vehicle identification technology only supports the identification of a single unmanned aerial vehicle, and cannot be systematically identified and managed. SUMMARY

[0008] The present application aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4GHz channel, which solves the technical problem that the traditional unmanned aerial vehicle identification method cannot accurately identify and manage unmanned aerial vehicles.

[0009] The purpose of the present application is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0010] The present application discloses an unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4GHz channel, comprising a management system, a ground station device and an airborne device, the airborne device is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the management system deploys the number of ground station devices according to the coverage range and management area requirements;

[0011] Each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to the unmanned aerial vehicles in the range using a 2420MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode;

[0012] When the airborne terminal device receives the interrogation signal sent by the ground station device, the airborne terminal device sends a response signal to the ground station device in a response mode of a 2480MHz frequency band, and the response signal is unmanned aerial vehicle identification data;

[0013] The ground station device transmits the received unmanned aerial vehicle identification data to the management system, the management system displays the unmanned aerial vehicle identification data of the management area, records unmanned aerial vehicle operation data, and configures and displays the operation state of the entire unmanned aerial vehicle identification system.

[0014] Further, the airborne terminal device comprises, in sequence, a transceiving antenna, a first transceiving component, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit;

[0015] The transceiving antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the interrogation signal and transmitting the response signal;

[0016] The first transceiving component is used to realize the switching of the transceiving state and the low-noise power amplification of the received and transmitted signals;

[0017] The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the existing air traffic control interrogation and response machine frequency band by changing the frequency conversion parameters;

[0018] The first analog-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-digital conversion of the received interrogation signal and the generation of the response baseband signal;

[0019] The first signal processing unit is used to realize the reception and identification of the interrogation signal and the data coding of the response signal, and is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the current unmanned aerial vehicle flight height and position information in the response identity coding.

[0020] Further, the ground station device comprises, in sequence, a scanning transceiving antenna, a second transceiving component, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit;

[0021] The scanning transceiving antenna, which adopts a phased array antenna or a mechanical scanning mode, is used to realize the horizontal 360-degree omnidirectional transmission of the interrogation signal by the ground station and the reception of the response signal by the airborne terminal;

[0022] The second transceiving component is used to realize the switching of the transceiving state and the filtering and amplification of the signals;

[0023] The power amplifier component is used to realize the power amplification of the transmitted and received signals, and through the power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is not less than 5km within the ground station as the center, and can be adjusted according to the required coverage range;

[0024] The second frequency converter unit is used for realizing up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmitting signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used for realizing compatibility with the existing air control interrogation responder working frequency band and air control data by changing the frequency conversion parameter.

[0025] The second analog-digital conversion unit is used for realizing analog-digital conversion of the received response signal and generation of the interrogation baseband signal.

[0026] The second signal processing unit is used for realizing coding of the interrogation signal and receiving and demodulating of the response signal, so as to realize accurate identity recognition of each unmanned aerial vehicle with the on-board terminal.

[0027] Further, the ground station device is configured with a time module, which comprises a time service processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, is used for receiving the standard time information generated after demodulation of the Beidou signal, so as to realize the time unification function of the system.

[0028] Further, the software architecture of the management system comprises a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used for receiving the unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data output by the ground station device, receiving the unmanned aerial vehicle flight approval and sharing data of the audit system; the data processing layer is used for deploying the ground station device and configuring the working parameters, and real-time analyzing the received unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data; the user interface layer is used for unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data display, ground station device and unmanned aerial vehicle position information display and ground station device working state information display.

[0029] Further, the user interface layer comprises a map display module, an unmanned aerial vehicle identity display module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working state display module; the data processing layer comprises a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, an unmanned aerial vehicle state recognition module, a control data analysis module, a state data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; and the data interaction layer comprises a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present application are:

[0031] 1) accurate recognition of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, further effective management of the unmanned aerial vehicle is realized, and the flight safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle is improved.

[0032] 2) through the shared data interface, the whole process from approval to audit to flight of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be monitored and managed.

[0033] 3) through the interrogation and response mechanism and the compatibility with the existing air control interrogation responder working frequency band, the waste of space radio resources can be effectively reduced.

[0034] 4) Through the systematic management of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the low-altitude airspace can be effectively managed and utilized, and the effective utilization rate of the low-altitude airspace is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system architecture;

[0036] Figure 2 The figure is a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system architecture;

[0037] Figure 3 The figure is a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system architecture;

[0038] Figure 4 The figure is a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system architecture. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0040] Referring to Figures 1-4 , the present application provides a technical solution:

[0041] An unmanned aerial vehicle identification system based on AC mode inquiry response type 2.4GHz channel, comprising a management system, a ground station device and an airborne device, the airborne device is installed on the unmanned aerial vehicle, the management system deploys the number of ground station devices according to the coverage range and the management area requirement;

[0042] Each ground station device periodically sends inquiry signals to the unmanned aerial vehicles within the range by using the 2420MHz frequency band broadcast inquiry mode;

[0043] When the airborne device receives the inquiry signals sent by the ground station device, it sends response signals to the ground station device by using the 2480MHz frequency band response mode, and the response signals are unmanned aerial vehicle identification data;

[0044] The ground station device transmits the received unmanned aerial vehicle identification data to the management system, the management system displays the unmanned aerial vehicle identification data of the management area, records the unmanned aerial vehicle operation data, and configures and displays the operation state of the entire unmanned aerial vehicle identification system.

[0045] The figure is a schematic diagram of the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system architecture; Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the ground station device can be single or multiple, each ground station device identifies multiple unmanned aerial vehicles within the range, and each unmanned aerial vehicle carries an airborne device.

[0046] The airborne terminal device mainly realizes the functions of receiving the inquiry information from the ground station and transmitting the response information, and has the characteristics of miniaturization, light weight, low power consumption and anti-disassembly. As shown in Figure 2 The airborne terminal device includes a transceiving antenna, a first transceiving assembly, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-digital conversion unit and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence.

[0047] The transceiving antenna is used to realize the functions of receiving the inquiry signal and transmitting the response signal. The first transceiving assembly is used to realize the switching of the transceiving state and the low-noise power amplification of the received and transmitted signals. The first frequency converter unit is used to realize the down-conversion processing of the received signal and the up-conversion processing of the transmitted signal, and is also used to adjust the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control inquiry and response machine by changing the frequency conversion parameters. The first analog-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-digital conversion of the received inquiry signal and the generation of the response baseband signal. The first signal processing unit is used to realize the receiving and identification of the inquiry signal and the data coding of the response signal, and is also used to receive the Beidou position and time signal and add the flight height and position information of the current unmanned aerial vehicle in the response identity code.

[0048] The first frequency converter unit works at the 2.4GHz frequency band by default, and can realize the compatibility of the working frequency band of the existing air traffic control inquiry and response machine by changing the frequency conversion parameters of the module, so as to directly access the current air traffic control system.

[0049] According to the identification management requirement, the identification system ground station device is deployed. The ground station device mainly realizes the functions of transmitting the periodic inquiry signal and receiving and processing the response signal from the airborne terminal, and provides the unified function of system time information. As shown in Figure 3 The ground station device includes a scanning transceiving antenna, a second transceiving assembly, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-digital conversion unit and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence.

[0050] The scanning transceiving antenna adopts a phased array antenna or a mechanical scanning mode, and is used for realizing horizontal 360-degree omnidirectional interrogation signal transmission of the ground station and receiving of the airborne terminal response signal; the second transceiving assembly is used for realizing switching of transceiving states and filtering and amplification of signals; the power amplifier assembly is used for realizing power amplification of the transmission and reception signals, and through the power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is not less than 5km within a range with the ground station as a center, and can be adjusted according to a required coverage range; the second frequency converter unit is used for realizing up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal, and is also used for realizing compatibility of the existing air traffic control interrogation responder working frequency band and air traffic control data by changing frequency conversion parameters; the second analog-digital conversion unit is used for realizing analog-digital conversion of the received response signal and generation of the interrogation baseband signal; and the second signal processing unit is used for realizing coding of the interrogation signal and receiving and demodulation functions of the response signal, so as to realize accurate identity recognition of each unmanned aerial vehicle with the airborne terminal.

[0051] The second frequency converter unit in the ground station equipment and the first frequency converter unit in the airborne terminal equipment both work at the 2.4GHz frequency band by default, and compatibility of the existing air traffic control interrogation responder working frequency band and air traffic control data can be realized by changing frequency conversion parameters of the module.

[0052] Further, the ground station equipment is configured with a time module, which includes a time processing unit and a Beidou receiving module, is used for receiving standard time information generated after demodulation of a Beidou signal, and realizes time unification function of the system.

[0053] The management system as the management software of the interrogation response type unmanned aerial vehicle recognition technology mainly realizes background data management and user interaction functions. Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer and a data interaction layer; the data interaction layer is used for receiving unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data output by the ground station equipment, receiving unmanned aerial vehicle flight approval and sharing data of the audit system; the data processing layer is used for deploying the ground station equipment and configuring working parameters, and real-time analyzing received unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data; the user interface layer is used for unmanned aerial vehicle recognition data display, ground station equipment and unmanned aerial vehicle position information display and ground station equipment working state information display.

[0054] Further, the user interface layer includes a map display module, an unmanned aerial vehicle identity display module, a system working parameter configuration module and a system working state display module; the data processing layer includes a data analysis module, an identity recognition module, an unmanned aerial vehicle state recognition module, a control data analysis module, a state data analysis module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module and a shared data processing module; and the data interaction layer includes a data transceiving port, a data sharing interface and a network interaction interface.

[0055] The management system can receive the unmanned aerial vehicle identification data output by the unmanned aerial vehicle identification system ground station and analyze the data in real time; the management system has a data display function, which can display the identification of the unmanned aerial vehicle identity code and flight height information in a chart; the management system has a real-time online map function, which can display the position information of the deployed unmanned aerial vehicle identification system single or multiple ground stations and the real-time position information of the identified unmanned aerial vehicles; the management system has a system configuration function and a state display function, which can configure the working parameters of the deployed ground station devices and can display the working state of each ground station device in real time; the management system has a data recording and playback function, which can realize the storage of the identification data of the unmanned aerial vehicle, and can choose to play back the unmanned aerial vehicle data for graphical playback display; the management system has a data sharing interface, which can realize the data sharing of the unmanned aerial vehicle flight approval and review system, so as to realize the whole process management of the pre-flight approval, in-flight identification management and post-flight state management of the unmanned aerial vehicles in the management range, and improve the utilization rate of airspace.

[0056] In an implementable embodiment, the unmanned aerial vehicle identification mode of the interrogation and response mechanism can be realized by setting a dedicated wireless communication module or RFID chip working in the 2.4 GHz frequency band in the ground station device and the airborne device, and an external frequency conversion module is used to realize the compatibility with the working frequency of the existing air traffic control system.

[0057] The present application adopts the AC interrogation and response mechanism to realize the accurate identification of unmanned aerial vehicles, and has the following beneficial effects:

[0058] The interrogation and response frequencies of the interrogation and response mechanism are 2420 MHz and 2480 MHz respectively, which can directly be compatible with the interrogation and response baseband signals of the existing air traffic control system without occupying new radio frequency resources, thereby effectively reducing the waste of space radio resources; the A / C interrogation and response mechanism uses the Beidou signal source as the response data source, which can add the identity code, flight height and other related parameters of the unmanned aerial vehicle into the response data, and the ground station interrogation airborne response mechanism can effectively reduce the power consumption of the airborne device while improving the airspace adaptability; through the shared data interface, the whole process of the unmanned aerial vehicle from approval to review to flight can be monitored and managed; through the systematic management of the unmanned aerial vehicle, the low-altitude airspace can be effectively managed and utilized, and the effective utilization rate of the low-altitude airspace can be improved; the accurate identification of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be realized, and the effective management of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be further realized, and the flight safety of the unmanned aerial vehicle can be improved;

[0059] The foregoing is considered as illustrative only of the principles of the application. Further, since numerous modifications and changes will readily occur to those skilled in the art, it is not desired to limit the application to the exact construction and operation described. Accordingly, all such variations are intended to be included within the scope of the present application as defined in the claims below and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A UAV identification system based on an AC mode interrogation-response 2.4GHz channel, characterized in that: It includes a management system, ground station equipment, and airborne terminal equipment. The airborne terminal equipment is installed on the drone, and the management system deploys the number of ground station devices according to the coverage area and management area requirements. Each ground station device uses a 2420MHz band broadcast interrogation mode to periodically send interrogation signals to UAVs within its range; When the airborne terminal equipment receives an interrogation signal from the ground station equipment, it sends a response signal to the ground station equipment using the 2480MHz band response mode. The response signal is UAV identification data. The ground station equipment transmits the received UAV identification data to the management system. The management system displays the UAV identification data in the managed area, records the UAV operation data, and configures and displays the operation status of the entire UAV identification system. The airborne terminal equipment includes a transceiver antenna, a first transceiver assembly, a first frequency converter unit, a first analog-to-digital converter unit, and a first signal processing unit connected in sequence. Transceiver antennas are used to receive interrogation signals and transmit response signals; The first transceiver component is used to switch between transmit and receive states and to amplify the received and transmitted signals with low noise. The first frequency converter unit is used to perform down-conversion processing of received signals and up-conversion processing of transmitted signals. It is also used to adjust the operating frequency band of the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder by changing the frequency conversion parameters. The first analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the received interrogation signal and the generation of the response baseband signal; The first signal processing unit is used to receive and identify interrogation signals and encode response signals. It is also used to receive BeiDou position and time signals and add the current flight altitude and position information of the UAV to the response identity code. The ground station equipment includes a scanning transceiver antenna, a second transceiver assembly, a power amplifier unit, a second frequency converter unit, a second analog-to-digital converter unit, and a second signal processing unit connected in sequence. The scanning transceiver antenna, using a phased array antenna or mechanical scanning method, is used to enable the ground station to transmit interrogation signals in a horizontal 360-degree omnidirectional manner and receive response signals from the airborne end. The second transceiver component is used to switch between transmit and receive states and to filter and amplify signals. The power amplifier component is used to amplify the power of transmitted and received signals. Through power amplification, the coverage range of a single ground station is no less than 5km around the ground station, and can be adjusted according to the required coverage range. The second frequency converter unit is used to perform up-conversion processing of the interrogation transmission signal and down-conversion processing of the received response signal. It is also used to make the existing air traffic control interrogation transponder operating frequency band and air traffic control data compatible by changing the frequency conversion parameters. The second analog-to-digital conversion unit is used to realize the analog-to-digital conversion of the received response signal and the generation of the interrogation baseband signal; The second signal processing unit is used to encode interrogation signals and receive and demodulate response signals, thereby enabling accurate identification of each UAV with an onboard terminal.

2. The UAV identification system based on an AC mode interrogation and response 2.4GHz channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ground station equipment is equipped with a time synchronization module, which includes a time synchronization processing unit and a BeiDou receiving module. It is used to receive BeiDou signals, demodulate them, and generate standard time information, thereby realizing the time synchronization function of the system.

3. The UAV identification system based on an AC mode interrogation and response 2.4GHz channel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The software architecture of the management system includes a user interface layer, a data processing layer, and a data interaction layer. The data interaction layer is used to receive UAV identification data output by the ground station equipment, receive UAV flight approval reports, and share data from the review system. The data processing layer is used to deploy the ground station equipment and configure its working parameters, and to parse the received UAV identification data in real time. The user interface layer is used to display UAV identification data, the location information of the ground station equipment and the UAV, and the working status information of the ground station equipment.

4. The UAV identification system based on an AC mode interrogation and response 2.4GHz channel according to claim 3, characterized in that: The user interface layer includes a map display module, a drone identity display module, a system operating parameter configuration module, and a system operating status display module; the data processing layer includes a data parsing module, an identity recognition module, a drone status recognition module, a control data parsing module, a status data parsing module, a data storage module, a system log module, a data playback processing module, and a shared data processing module; the data interaction layer includes a data transceiver port, a data sharing interface, and a network interaction interface.

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