Pre-soil breaking combined subsoiler with detachable soil breaking blade

Abstract

The application relates to a pre-soil-breaking combined subsoiler with detachable soil-breaking blades, which comprises a shank and soil-breaking blades, and the soil-breaking blades comprise first-stage soil-breaking blades and second-stage soil-breaking blades; the first-stage soil-breaking blades comprise first-stage blade bodies and first-stage blade edges arranged at the front ends of the first-stage blade bodies, and the first-stage blade bodies and the first-stage blade edges have the same width; the second-stage soil-breaking blades comprise second-stage blade bodies and second-stage blade edges arranged at the front ends of the second-stage blade bodies, and the second-stage blade bodies and the second-stage blade edges have the same width; the rear end of the first-stage blade body is connected to the front end of the second-stage blade edge, the cross sections of the first-stage blade body and the second-stage blade body are both rectangular, the width of the second-stage blade body is larger than that of the first-stage blade body; and the rear end of the second-stage blade body is connected to the shank. The subsoiling resistance originally directly acting on the soil-breaking blades is converted through the first-stage soil-breaking blades and the second-stage soil-breaking blades in stages according to the sliding cutting principle, the front resistance received during soil loosening is smaller, the inherent structure of the soil is more easily broken, and the deformation and fracture of the subsoiler are delayed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery technology, specifically to a pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade. Background Technology

[0002] As the component that comes into direct contact with the soil, the effectiveness of subtilizing largely depends on the subtilizing shovel used. The structural strength, material properties, soil breaking and disturbance performance, soil lifting and shovel stability of the subtilizing shovel all directly determine the quality of the subtilizing operation.

[0003] A commonly used subsoil shovel includes a handle, a tip, wings, and a cutting edge. The handle has a straight top and a curved bottom. The tip is connected to the curved front end of the handle. The wings are connected to the handle and located behind the tip. The cutting edge is connected to the handle and located above the tip. The main function of the cutting edge is to pre-cut the soil layer, reducing resistance during subsoiling and lowering tractor fuel consumption.

[0004] Existing deep loosening shovels typically have a triangular cutting edge welded to the handle. This cutting edge is used to cut through the soil and break its inherent structure during loosening operations.

[0005] It has the following technical problems:

[0006] The triangular cutting edge has a large cutting angle, which makes the deep loosening shovel encounter greater frontal resistance when loosening the soil, making it relatively difficult to cut the soil, increasing the energy consumption of the work, and easily leading to deformation and breakage of the deep loosening shovel, thus shortening its service life. When the triangular cutting edge breaks the soil, the cut soil is difficult to move, loosen and break up as a whole, resulting in poor soil loosening effect. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this invention is to provide a pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade, which can improve work efficiency, reduce work energy consumption, extend service life, and improve soil loosening effect.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] A pre-breaking combination deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade, comprising a shovel handle and a soil-breaking blade, characterized in that: the soil-breaking blade comprises a first-stage soil-breaking blade and a second-stage soil-breaking blade.

[0010] The first-level ground-breaking blade includes a first-level blade body and a first-level cutting edge located at the front end of the first-level blade body. The first-level blade body and the first-level cutting edge have the same width.

[0011] The second-level ground-breaking blade includes a second-level blade body and a second-level cutting edge located at the front end of the second-level blade body. The second-level blade body and the second-level cutting edge have the same width.

[0012] The rear end of the first-stage cutting edge is connected to the front end of the second-stage cutting edge. The cross-sections of both the first-stage and second-stage cutting edges are rectangular, and the width of the second-stage cutting edge is greater than the width of the first-stage cutting edge.

[0013] The rear end of the second-stage cutting edge is connected to the shovel handle.

[0014] Furthermore, the soil-breaking blade is a convex soil-breaking blade, which includes a convex upper section and a convex lower section connected sequentially from top to bottom. Both the convex upper section and the convex lower section are inclined to the rear of the convex soil-breaking blade, and an arc protruding towards the front of the convex soil-breaking blade is formed between the convex upper section and the convex lower section.

[0015] Furthermore, the upper section of the convex shape is a large-radius curve, while the lower section is a straight line.

[0016] Furthermore, the soil-breaking blade is a concave soil-breaking blade, which includes a concave upper section, a concave middle section, and a concave lower section connected sequentially from top to bottom. The concave upper section and the concave middle section form an arc protruding towards the rear of the concave soil-breaking blade, and the concave middle section and the concave lower section form an arc protruding towards the front of the concave soil-breaking blade.

[0017] Furthermore, the upper and middle sections of the concave shape are both curved, while the lower section is straight.

[0018] Furthermore, the cutting blade is equipped with a connecting arm, which is bolted to the shovel handle.

[0019] Furthermore, the connecting arm is connected to the outer side of the second-stage blade, forming a graded structure between the connecting arm and the second-stage blade.

[0020] Furthermore, the slip angle of the soil-breaking blade is between 31° and 55°.

[0021] Furthermore, the shovel handle is provided with multiple bolt holes from top to bottom, and the soil-breaking blade is adjustablely installed in the bolt holes.

[0022] Furthermore, the front end of the shovel handle is bolted with a shovel tip, and the rear end of the shovel handle is bolted with a shovel wing, which is located behind the shovel tip.

[0023] In summary, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] The soil-breaking blade of this invention includes a first-stage soil-breaking blade and a second-stage soil-breaking blade. When the blade is in operation, the first-stage blade contacts the soil first. Its front edge has a small cutting angle, a thinner blade body, and a rectangular cross-section, resulting in less resistance and making it easier to break down the soil's inherent structure compared to a triangular blade. The second-stage blade body is wider than the first-stage blade body, and its rectangular cross-section also reduces resistance. The second-stage blade can further expand the already broken soil structure through secondary shearing. Because the second-stage blade body is wider than the first-stage blade body, the soil whose inherent structure has been broken down by the first-stage blade is more easily loosened and broken up when moved due to the shearing force of the second-stage blade, thus improving the soil loosening effect. This invention utilizes the sliding shear principle to transform the deep loosening resistance that originally acted directly on the soil breaking blade through the first and second soil breaking blades in stages. This results in less frontal resistance during soil loosening, making it easier to break the soil's inherent structure, improve work efficiency, reduce work energy consumption, and effectively delay the deformation and breakage of the deep loosening shovel, extending its service life and improving the soil loosening effect. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the combined deep loosening shovel structure equipped with a concave cutting edge. Figure 1 ;

[0026] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the combined deep loosening shovel structure equipped with a concave cutting edge. Figure 2 ;

[0027] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of a combined deep loosening shovel structure equipped with a convex cutting edge. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of a combined deep loosening shovel structure equipped with a convex cutting edge. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the concave soil-breaking blade.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the convex soil-breaking blade.

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the shovel handle.

[0032] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the shovel tip structure;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the shovel wing structure;

[0034] In the picture:

[0035] 11-Concave soil-breaking blade, 12-Convex soil-breaking blade, 13-Connecting arm, 14-First-level soil-breaking blade, 141-First-level cutting edge, 142-First-level blade body, 15-Second-level soil-breaking blade, 151-Second-level cutting edge, 152-Second-level blade body;

[0036] 2-Shovel tip;

[0037] 3-Shovel wing;

[0038] 4-Shovel handle, 41-Bolt hole. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The present invention will now be described in further detail.

[0040] like Figures 1-4 As shown, a pre-breaking deep loosening shovel with a detachable breaking blade includes a handle 4, a tip 2, a wing 3, and a breaking blade. The tip 2 is bolted to the arc-shaped front end of the handle 4, the wing 3 is bolted to the handle 4 and located behind the tip 2, and the breaking blade is provided with a connecting arm 13, which is bolted to the handle 4 and located above the tip 2.

[0041] like Figure 8 As shown, the shovel tip 2 includes a shovel tip face and two wedge-shaped pads. The arc-shaped front end of the shovel handle 4 is engaged between the two wedge-shaped pads and connected by bolts. As the first part to contact the soil, the shovel tip 2 plays a role in widening the rat trail after deep loosening.

[0042] like Figure 9 As shown, the shovel wing 3 is mainly used to further lift and break up the soil after it has been cut by the soil-breaking blade, making the soil loose and porous, which is conducive to the growth and development of plant roots and improves the crop's resistance to lodging. The blades on its sides are designed to facilitate the sliding cutting of the soil.

[0043] like Figure 7 As shown, the shovel handle 4 combines the advantages of traditional chisel-type subsoilers and subsoil plows, adopting a structure that is curved at the bottom and straight at the top. This effectively transmits vibrations to each component, providing a stable foundation for the various parts of the subsoiler. Since all components on the subsoiler are connected by bolts, the utilization efficiency of the subsoiler can be effectively improved. Furthermore, this structure can effectively reduce the bending strain of the subsoiler caused by tillage resistance during cultivation, thereby increasing the strength of the subsoiler itself.

[0044] The shovel handle 4 has multiple bolt holes 41 arranged from top to bottom. The shovel tip 2, shovel wing 3, and soil-breaking blade can be adjusted and installed in appropriate bolt holes 41 as needed. By designing and installing the shovel tip 2 with a corresponding soil entry angle and the shovel wing 3 with a corresponding horizontal angle as needed, the problems of the fixed soil entry angle of traditional deep tillage shovels and the inability to adjust the horizontal angle of the shovel wing 3 can be solved.

[0045] like Figure 5 , Figure 6 As shown, the soil-breaking blade includes a first-stage soil-breaking blade 14 and a second-stage soil-breaking blade 15 connected in sequence. The extension length of the first-stage soil-breaking blade 14 is controlled within a certain range, and the cutting edge angle can be smaller. The strength of the soil-breaking blade is supported by the second-stage soil-breaking blade 15. The first-stage soil-breaking blade 14 includes a first-stage blade body 142 and a first-stage cutting edge 141 located at the front end of the first-stage blade body 142. The widths of the first-stage blade body 142 and the first-stage cutting edge 141 are the same. The second-stage soil-breaking blade 15 includes a second-stage blade body 152 and a second-stage cutting edge 151 located at the front end of the second-stage blade body 152. The widths of the second-stage blade body 152 and the second-stage cutting edge 151 are the same. The rear end of the first-stage blade body 142 is connected to the front end of the second-stage cutting edge 151. The cross-sections of both the first-stage blade body 142 and the second-stage blade body 152 are rectangular, and the width of the second-stage blade body 152 is greater than the width of the first-stage blade body 142. The rear end of the second-stage blade body 152 is connected to the shovel handle 4.

[0046] When the soil-breaking blades are in operation, the first-stage soil-breaking blade 14 contacts the soil first. Its front edge 141 has a smaller cutting angle, and the first-stage blade body 142 is thinner and has a rectangular cross-section, resulting in less resistance. Compared to a triangular soil-breaking blade, it is easier to break the soil's inherent structure. The second-stage blade body 152 is wider than the first-stage blade body 142, and its rectangular cross-section also reduces resistance. The second-stage soil-breaking blade 152 can further expand the soil whose inherent structure has already been broken. Because the second-stage blade body 152 is wider than the first-stage blade body 142, the soil whose inherent structure has been broken by the first-stage soil-breaking blade 14 is more easily loosened and broken up when it moves due to the shearing force of the second-stage soil-breaking blade 15, thus improving the soil loosening effect. This invention utilizes the sliding shear principle to transform the deep loosening resistance that originally acted directly on the soil breaking blade through the first-stage soil breaking blade 14 and the second-stage soil breaking blade 15 in stages. The frontal resistance encountered during soil loosening is smaller, which not only makes it easier to break the inherent structure of the soil, improves work efficiency, and reduces work energy consumption, but also effectively delays the deformation and breakage of the deep loosening shovel, extends its service life, and improves the soil loosening effect.

[0047] To ensure the safety of the connection structure and improve the force transmission performance, the connection structure is appropriately widened. Simultaneously, the use of a progressively widening cutting structure minimizes the lateral resistance caused by the widened connection structure. Specifically, the connecting arm 13 connects to the outer side of the second-stage cutting body 152. The connecting arm 13 is the last layer in the graded breaking blade layer, and the breaking blade portion of the connecting arm 13 is designed with an inclination angle. The graded widening cutting structure on the side of the breaking blade reduces lateral resistance while ensuring force transmission capacity. This solves the problems of excessively large cutting edges and insufficient strength in traditional deep tillage shovels, as well as increased lateral resistance caused by unreasonable connection parts.

[0048] like Figure 5As shown, the soil-breaking blade can be a concave soil-breaking blade 11, which is suitable for areas with loose soil and low soil cohesion. The concave soil-breaking blade 11 includes a concave upper section, a concave middle section, and a concave lower section connected sequentially from top to bottom. The concave upper section and the concave middle section form an arc protruding towards the rear of the concave soil-breaking blade 11, and the concave middle section and the concave lower section form an arc protruding towards the front of the concave soil-breaking blade 11. The concave upper section and the concave middle section are both arc-shaped; the concave lower section is straight, which can press down the nutrient-poor subsoil layer when cutting through it.

[0049] When the subsoiler is in operation, the tip 2 first enters the soil. Pulled by the tractor, the subsoiler gradually penetrates to a depth of 30-40 cm. Simultaneously, the first-stage breaking blade 14 begins to cut and break the soil layer structure, while the second-stage breaking blade 15 expands the topsoil. At this point, the lower concave section of the concave breaking blade 11 is located below the plow pan, the middle concave section is in the plow pan, and the upper concave section is in the topsoil layer. The lower concave section, targeting the subsoil, cuts downwards, creating a downward pressure on the subsoil and reducing its upward movement. The upper concave section also cuts downwards, aiming to mix the topsoil with the plow pan soil cut upwards by the middle concave section, increasing the depth of the topsoil layer. The concave soil-breaking blade 11 is obtained by fitting the appropriate sliding angle based on the sliding shear theory and then using the concave middle section of the arc curve to approximate the blade curve. The purpose of designing the upper concave section to be forward inclined is to exert a downward pressure on the topsoil during operation, ensuring the flatness of the land during deep loosening.

[0050] When calculating the slip angle, since the friction coefficient between the cutting edge and the soil is generally no more than 0.6, the corresponding friction angle is approximately 31°. Therefore, the slip angle should be greater than 31°. Based on the calculation and verification of the slip angle, the optimal slip angle is no greater than 55°. Therefore, the slip angle should be selected within the range of 31° to 55°.

[0051] Or, such as Figure 6 As shown, the soil-breaking blade can be a convex soil-breaking blade 12, which is suitable for areas with high soil cohesion.

[0052] The convex-shaped cutting edge 12 comprises a convex upper section and a convex lower section connected sequentially from top to bottom. Both the upper and lower sections slope backward towards the rear of the cutting edge 12. The rearward slope of the lower section allows it to press down the nutrient-poor subsoil layer when cutting through it. The upper and lower sections form an arc protruding towards the front of the cutting edge 12. The upper section is a large-radius curve, while the lower section is a straight line. Highly cohesive soils, after deep loosening, retain significant viscosity and tend to clump together. In areas with highly cohesive soils, deep loosening results in a relatively low soil slope and good flatness; therefore, the upper section is designed to slope backward.

[0053] The convex upper section of the convex cutting edge 12 is based on the prototype of the curved handle of a national standard deep tillage shovel, with the curve portion extracted and applied to the upper section. The lower convex section is designed to be forward-leaning based on the sliding angle, while its upper end is fitted with a circular arc to create a backward-leaning sliding angle. The convex cutting edge 12 itself has a limited width. When designing for graded cutting and expansion, the lateral connection portion of the connecting arm 13 is reduced. To increase connection reliability, longitudinal expansion is adopted, using a circular arc and angled transition for each grade. This aims to reduce the increased lateral resistance of the connecting arm 13 caused by widening the longitudinal connection, ensuring sufficient support when connected to the handle 4. The sliding angle needs to be selected within the range of 31° to 55°. During operation, the working process and graded cutting and expansion of the convex cutting edge 12 are consistent with those of the concave cutting edge 11.

[0054] The shovel tip 2, shovel wings 3, and soil-breaking blade of this invention all adopt a modular design and are connected by bolts. Whether in complex soil conditions or in conventional soil areas, the various parts of the deep tillage shovel can be adjusted to accommodate different depths of the plow pan created by rotary tillers and moldboard plows. Changing the shovel tip 2 adjusts the soil entry angle; changing the shovel wings 3 meets the soil loosening requirements of different regions; adjusting the height of the soil-breaking blade adapts to variations in the thickness of the topsoil and plow pan in different regions; and adjusting the shape and cutting angle of the soil-breaking blade meets the deep tillage needs of different soil conditions. This allows for deep tillage of most areas with only a small component to be replaced, significantly reducing the cost of deep tillage equipment while also reducing tillage resistance and energy consumption. The detachable soil-breaking blade abandons the original design of being integrated with the deep tillage shovel handle. Instead of directly cutting and expanding the soil during operation, the blade first slides and widens the topsoil layer, dispersing the original horizontal force at an angle—that is, a sliding cutting action—greatly reducing the large impact force caused by direct horizontal force. To reduce lateral resistance, the soil-breaking blade is designed with a two-stage cutting and expanding process. The first-stage blade 14 performs a sliding cut to break down the soil structure, while the second-stage blade 15 expands the soil through sliding cuts. This design allows for a smaller cutting edge angle while maintaining the overall strength of the blade, all while ensuring the blade's overall strength. Due to this design, the load is transferred from the handle 4 to the blade during operation, replacing the direct force distribution on the handle. Mechanical analysis shows that both blades meet the safety factor requirement of JB / T 9788-2020 "Deep Tillage Shovels and Handles" for horizontal forces within the 2000N-5000N range.

[0055] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade, comprising a shovel handle and a soil-breaking blade, characterized in that: The earth-breaking blade includes a first-level earth-breaking blade and a second-level earth-breaking blade; The first-level ground-breaking blade includes a first-level blade body and a first-level cutting edge located at the front end of the first-level blade body. The first-level blade body and the first-level cutting edge have the same width. The second-level ground-breaking blade includes a second-level blade body and a second-level cutting edge located at the front end of the second-level blade body. The second-level blade body and the second-level cutting edge have the same width. The rear end of the first-stage cutting edge is connected to the front end of the second-stage cutting edge. The cross-sections of both the first-stage and second-stage cutting edges are rectangular, and the width of the second-stage cutting edge is greater than the width of the first-stage cutting edge. The rear end of the second-stage cutting edge is connected to the shovel handle.

2. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-breaking blade is a convex soil-breaking blade, which includes a convex upper section and a convex lower section connected from top to bottom. Both the convex upper section and the convex lower section are inclined to the rear of the convex soil-breaking blade, and an arc protruding towards the front of the convex soil-breaking blade is formed between the convex upper section and the convex lower section.

3. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper section of the convex shape is a large-radius curve, while the lower section is a straight line.

4. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The soil-breaking blade is a concave soil-breaking blade, which includes a concave upper section, a concave middle section, and a concave lower section connected from top to bottom. The upper and middle sections form an arc protruding towards the rear of the concave soil-breaking blade, and the middle and lower sections form an arc protruding towards the front of the concave soil-breaking blade.

5. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper and middle sections of the concave shape are both curved, while the lower section is straight.

6. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cutting blade is equipped with a connecting arm, which is bolted to the handle.

7. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting arm is attached to the outer side of the second-stage blade, forming a graded structure between the connecting arm and the second-stage blade.

8. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slip angle of the soil-breaking blade is between 31° and 55°.

9. The pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shovel handle has multiple bolt holes from top to bottom, and the soil-breaking blade can be adjusted and installed in the bolt holes.

10. A pre-breaking combined deep loosening shovel with a detachable soil-breaking blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The front end of the shovel handle is bolted to the shovel tip, and the rear end of the shovel handle is bolted to the shovel wing, which is located behind the shovel tip.

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