Acid soil treatment and hydrological regulation method

Abstract

The invention discloses an acid soil treatment and hydrological regulation method, and relates to the technical field of soil treatment, and the method comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a carbonate powder-based soil conditioner which comprises the following raw materials: carbonate powder, magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, water-absorbent resin, a heavy metal curing agent, a microbial agent and an auxiliary additive; the soil conditioner is evenly spread on the surface of the acid soil, the spreading amount is 50-200 g per square meter of soil, and the soil where the soil conditioner is spread is turned over; and finally, mixing the soil conditioner with the soil, adding water for irrigation, and obtaining the treated soil after the soil ripening time is reached. According to the acid soil treatment and hydrological regulation method, a healthier and more suitable growth environment can be provided for plants by treating the acid soil, increasing the pH value of the soil, increasing the soil humidity and reducing the activity of heavy metals, so that the growth of the plants is promoted, and the crop yield is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to soil treatment technology, and in particular to a method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation. Background Art

[0002] Soil is the core element of the planting area. It provides the necessary physical support, nutrient supply, water retention and suitable growth environment for crops. It also affects key factors such as microbial activity, soil structure, pH value, temperature, etc., and plays a decisive role in the growth, yield and quality of crops. Healthy soil can also reduce erosion, regulate climate, filter pollutants, and maintain biodiversity, which is crucial to the sustainability of agricultural production. Therefore, protecting and improving soil quality is the key to ensuring food security and ecological balance.

[0003] With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, soil pollution and degradation problems are becoming increasingly serious, especially the widespread distribution of acidic soils, which has a significant impact on agricultural production. Acidic soils not only restrict the growth of crops, but may also lead to the activation of heavy metals in the soil, posing a threat to the environment and human health. In addition, the instability of soil structure and insufficient moisture retention capacity are also important factors affecting crop growth. Therefore, developing an effective method for acidic soil management and hydrological regulation to improve soil quality, increase crop yields and ensure food safety has become an urgent need for sustainable agricultural development. Summary of the invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation to solve the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation, comprising:

[0006] S1. First, prepare a soil conditioner based on carbonate powder. The raw materials of the soil conditioner include, by weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives;

[0007] S2, then evenly spreading the soil conditioner on the surface of the acidic soil, with a spreading amount of 50 to 200 grams per square meter of soil, and plowing the soil with the soil conditioner to mix the soil conditioner with the soil;

[0008] S3. Finally, the soil conditioner is mixed with the soil and water is added for irrigation. After the soil maturation time is reached, the treated soil is obtained.

[0009] Furthermore, the water-absorbent resin in S1 is polyvinyl alcohol or a cross-linked product thereof, and the cross-linked product thereof is a cross-linked product of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide.

[0010] Furthermore, the heavy metal curing agent described in S1 is at least one of silicate, phosphate and sulfide.

[0011] Furthermore, the microbial agent described in S1 is at least one of Bacillus and Pseudomonas.

[0012] Furthermore, the auxiliary additives in S1 are methyl cellulose and trace elements, and the trace elements are boron, zinc, iron and manganese.

[0013] Furthermore, the preparation method of the soil conditioner described in S1 comprises:

[0014] A1. Weigh the following raw materials according to weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives;

[0015] A2, placing all the above raw materials in a high-speed mixer, and mixing the raw materials at a speed of 100-300 rpm to obtain a raw material mixture;

[0016] A3, feeding the raw material mixture into a granulator, forming granules by extrusion or rolling granulation, thereby obtaining mixed granules;

[0017] A4. Send the mixed particles into a drying device and dry them until the moisture content is less than 5% to obtain a soil conditioner.

[0018] Furthermore, the heavy metal curing agent described in A1 is a mixture of nano-silicate and dicalcium hydrogen phosphate.

[0019] Furthermore, the mixing ratio of the nano-silicate to dicalcium phosphate is 1:0.5-2.

[0020] Furthermore, the particle size of the mixed particles described in A3 is 1-5 mm.

[0021] Furthermore, the temperature of the drying equipment described in A4 is 60-80°C.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation, which regulates soil pH, moisture and heavy metal activity through soil conditioners. The increase in soil pH can improve crop growth and development, increase fertilizer utilization and final crop yield; the increase in soil moisture can ensure that plant roots can absorb sufficient water to support their normal growth and development, and the appropriate soil moisture can also maintain good soil structure and aeration, which is beneficial to the oxygen supply and carbon dioxide emission of plant roots, thereby affecting the growth and development of plants; the decrease in heavy metal activity reduces the toxic effects on plants, reduces the inhibitory effect of heavy metals on plant growth, and contributes to the normal metabolic activities and healthy growth of plants.

[0023] In summary, by treating acidic soil, increasing soil pH, increasing soil moisture, and reducing heavy metal activity, a healthier and more suitable growth environment can be provided for plants, thereby promoting plant growth and increasing crop yields. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall process of the method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 A diagram showing the soil pH value detection result after treatment and a diagram showing the relationship between soil conductivity and humidity provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 A graph showing the soil moisture and conductivity detection results after treatment provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the effect of soil treatment on plant growth height provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 A graph showing the correlation analysis results between different chemical elements in the treated soil B-10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a graph showing the correlation analysis results between different chemical elements in the treated soil D-10 provided in an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Embodiment 1:

[0033] See also Figure 1 , a method for acid soil remediation and hydrological regulation, comprising:

[0034] S1. First, a soil conditioner based on carbonate powder is prepared. The raw materials of the soil conditioner include, by weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives; the water-absorbing resin is polyvinyl alcohol or its cross-linked product, and the cross-linked product is a cross-linked product of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide; the heavy metal curing agent is at least one of silicate, phosphate and sulfide; the microbial agent is at least one of Bacillus and Pseudomonas; the auxiliary additives are methyl cellulose and trace elements, and the trace elements are boron, zinc, iron and manganese;

[0035] The preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises:

[0036] A1. Weigh the following raw materials according to weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives; the heavy metal curing agent is a mixture of nano-silicate and dicalcium phosphate, and the mass mixing ratio of nano-silicate to dicalcium phosphate is 1:0.5-2;

[0037] A2, placing all the above raw materials in a high-speed mixer, and mixing the raw materials at a speed of 100-300 rpm to obtain a raw material mixture;

[0038] A3, feeding the raw material mixture into a granulator, forming granules by extrusion or rolling granulation, thereby obtaining mixed granules; the particle size of the mixed granules is 1-5 mm;

[0039] A4. Send the mixed particles into a drying device and dry them until the moisture content is less than 5%, thereby obtaining a soil conditioner. The temperature of the drying device is 60-80°C.

[0040] S2, then evenly spreading the soil conditioner on the surface of the acidic soil, with a spreading amount of 50 to 200 grams per square meter of soil, and plowing the soil with the soil conditioner to mix the soil conditioner with the soil;

[0041] S3. Finally, the soil conditioner is mixed with the soil and water is added for irrigation. After the soil maturation time is reached, the treated soil is obtained.

[0042] The specific implementation method is to first prepare a soil conditioner based on carbonate powder, which is composed of a variety of ingredients, aiming to improve soil structure, improve soil quality, and effectively adjust soil pH to promote plant growth. The raw materials of the soil conditioner include by weight: 75 parts of carbonate powder, as the main component, to provide alkalinity to neutralize soil acidity; 12 parts of magnesium oxide, used to supplement the magnesium element in the soil and enhance soil fertility; 6 parts of water-absorbing resin, polyvinyl alcohol or its cross-linked product with polyacrylamide, to improve the soil's water retention capacity; 3 parts of heavy metal curing agent silicate, used to fix heavy metal ions in the soil and reduce its pollution to the environment; 1.5 parts of microbial agent, including Bacillus and Pseudomonas beneficial microorganisms, to promote soil microbial activity and accelerate the decomposition of organic matter; 3 parts of auxiliary additives, mainly composed of methylcellulose and trace elements (such as boron, zinc, iron, and manganese), to further optimize the physical and chemical properties of the soil.

[0043] During the preparation process, firstly, the raw materials are accurately weighed according to the above proportions to ensure that the ingredients are correct. Subsequently, all the raw materials are put into a high-speed mixer and fully stirred at a speed of 100-300 rpm until a uniform raw material mixture is formed. Next, this raw material mixture is sent to a granulator and made into mixed particles with a particle size of 1-5 mm by extrusion or rolling to facilitate application and improve soil improvement effects. Finally, these mixed particles are sent to a drying equipment and dried at a temperature of 60-80°C to a moisture content of less than 5%, thereby obtaining the final soil conditioner product.

[0044] When using the soil conditioner, it needs to be evenly spread on the surface of the acidic soil to be treated. The spreading amount is adjusted according to the soil conditions, generally 50 grams to 200 grams per square meter of soil. After spreading, the soil needs to be plowed to ensure that the soil conditioner is fully mixed with the soil so as to better play its improvement role. After plowing, appropriate irrigation is carried out to allow the active ingredients in the soil conditioner to dissolve and penetrate into the deep soil layer. After a period of maturation, the structure and function of the soil will be significantly improved, creating more favorable conditions for plant growth, thus obtaining treated soil.

[0045] Embodiment 2:

[0046] See also Figure 2-Figure 6 This embodiment provides a technical solution based on the first embodiment: performing relevant detection on the soil treated by a method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation.

[0047] 1. Detection of soil pH, humidity (WET) and electrical conductivity (EC) after treatment:

[0048] First, random sampling was carried out from the study area to determine four sampling points B, G, C, and D, and the sampling depth was 0-20 cm in the surface soil;

[0049] The samples obtained from sampling point B were randomly divided into four parts, named B-0, B-1, B-5 ​​and B-10; B-0 is the soil of sampling point B that has not been treated, B-1 is the soil of sampling point B treated by adding 100 grams of soil conditioner, B-5 ​​is the soil of sampling point B treated by adding 150 grams of soil conditioner, and B-10 is the soil of sampling point B treated by adding 200 grams of soil conditioner;

[0050] The samples obtained from sampling point G were randomly divided into four parts, named G-0, G-1, G-5 and G-10; G-0 is the soil from sampling point G that has not been treated, G-1 is the soil from sampling point B treated by adding 100 grams of soil conditioner, G-5 is the soil from sampling point G treated by adding 150 grams of soil conditioner, and G-10 is the soil from sampling point G treated by adding 200 grams of soil conditioner;

[0051] The samples obtained from sampling point C were randomly divided into 8 parts, named C-0-A, C-0-B, C-0-C, C-0-D, C-0-E, C-10-A, C-10-B and C-10-C; C-0-A, C-0-B, C-0-C, C-0-D and C-0-E were the untreated soils from sampling point C, collectively referred to as C-0; C-10-A, C-10-B and C-10-C were the treated soils from sampling point C after adding 200g of soil conditioner;

[0052] The samples obtained from sampling point D were randomly divided into two parts, named D-0 and D-10; D-0 was the soil from sampling point D that had not been treated, and D-10 was the soil from sampling point D that had been treated by adding 200 grams of soil conditioner.

[0053] The soil pH of the B-0, B-1, B-5, B-10, G-0, G-1, G-5, G-10, C-0 and D-0 groups was tested by a soil pH meter. The specific testing process is as follows:

[0054] Before use, calibrate the soil pH meter according to the instructions on the soil pH meter. Insert the pH meter's electrode into the soil sample, making sure the electrode is in full contact with the soil. Wait for the pH meter's reading to stabilize. Once the reading stabilizes, record the pH value displayed on the pH meter. Before measuring the next sample, clean the pH electrode with distilled or deionized water to remove any residual soil. Repeat the above steps for all soil samples that need to be tested, and analyze the soil's pH based on the measurement results. After the measurement, perform appropriate maintenance and storage according to the pH meter's instructions. For specific test results, please refer to Figure 2 (right), from the figure Figure 2(Right) It can be seen that the pH value of the treated soil has increased.

[0055] The soil moisture and conductivity of the soils in groups B-10, D-10, C-0-A, C-0-B, C-0-C, C-0-D, C-0-E, C-10-A, C-10-B and C-10-C were measured using a German WET handheld recorder. The specific testing process is as follows:

[0056] First, make sure the probe of the WET handheld recorder is clean and free of dust and dirt to prevent affecting the measurement accuracy. Press the OFF / ON switch to turn on the power. On the HH2 reading table, select the Development option by pressing the button, and then select the WET probe. On the HH2 reading table, select the soil type (usually mineral soil). Insert the WET probe vertically clockwise into the moist soil to a depth of at least 4-5 cm, ensuring that the soil is in even contact with the metal surface of the probe. After inserting the probe, wait for about 10-20 seconds for the instrument to read data steadily. Press the READ button on the HH2 reading table to start reading, and use the arrow keys to view the moisture content and conductivity values. Connect the HH2 to the computer, download and analyze the data. After the measurement, immediately clean the surface of the metal probe with an abrasive cloth. After completing the measurement, turn off the WET handheld recorder. For specific test results, please refer to Figure 3 , the moisture and conductivity of the treated soil increased; see Figure 2 (Left) Soil conductivity is an indicator of the soluble salt content in the soil, which directly affects the growth conditions of crops. By plotting soil moisture as the horizontal axis and conductivity as the vertical axis, it is possible to predict the growth environment that crops may face under different humidity conditions. This is crucial for predicting the impact of soil moisture changes on soil conductivity.

[0057] 2. Detection of the impact of treated soil on plant growth:

[0058] The same amount and variety of corn were sown in the soil of groups B-10, D-10, C-0-A, C-0-B, C-0-C, C-0-D, C-0-E, C-10-A, C-10-B and C-10-C. The soil was watered regularly and the height of corn was recorded and analyzed one month later. For specific experimental results, please refer to Figure 4 ,Depend on Figure 4 It can be seen that treated soil will promote plant growth.

[0059] 3. Conduct correlation analysis and detection between different chemical elements in the treated soil:

[0060] See also Figure 5The soil of group B-10 was subjected to correlation analysis between different chemical elements. Different chemical elements were listed on both the horizontal and vertical axes. The number in each square represents the correlation coefficient between the two elements, ranging from -1 to 1.

[0061] Color coding: The color bar is on the right side of the graph and indicates the size of the correlation coefficient. Dark green indicates a positive correlation (close to 1), pink indicates a negative correlation (close to -1), and white or light indicates no correlation (close to 0). The diagonal line in the graph (from top left to bottom right) shows the correlation of each element with itself, so it is all 1.

[0062] If the square between two elements is dark green, it means that there is a positive correlation between the contents of the two elements in the soil, that is, as the content of one element increases, the content of the other element also tends to increase; if the square between the two elements is pink, it means that there is a negative correlation between the contents of the two elements in the soil, that is, as the content of one element increases, the content of the other element tends to decrease; if the square between the two elements is white or light color, it means that there is no obvious correlation between the contents of the two elements in the soil.

[0063] S i O 2 With A l 2 O 3 show high positive correlations (dark green), which indicates that these elements often occur together in soil. P, on the other hand, shows negative or weak correlations with most elements, which means that phosphorus behaves differently in soil than other elements. These correlations may be important for understanding soil chemistry and plant nutrient supply if two elements are positively correlated, they co-exist under the same soil conditions, or the presence of one element promotes the absorption of another. This intuitive way to observe the interrelationships between different elements in soil is very valuable for soil management and the formulation of plant nutrition strategies.

[0064] See also Figure 6 , the soil of group D-10 was subjected to correlation analysis between different chemical elements. Different chemical elements are listed on both the horizontal and vertical axes. The number in each square represents the correlation coefficient between two elements, ranging from -1 to 1. Figure 5 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the method of acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation is reproducible and stable.

[0065] The above description is only by way of illustration of certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. It is undoubted that those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation, characterized in that: include: S1. First, prepare a soil conditioner based on carbonate powder. The raw materials of the soil conditioner include, by weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives; S2, then evenly spreading the soil conditioner on the surface of the acidic soil, with a spreading amount of 50 to 200 grams per square meter of soil, and plowing the soil with the soil conditioner to mix the soil conditioner with the soil; S3. Finally, the soil conditioner is mixed with the soil and water is added for irrigation. After the soil maturation time is reached, the treated soil is obtained.

2. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 The water-absorbent resin is polyvinyl alcohol or a cross-linked product thereof, and the cross-linked product thereof is a cross-linked product of polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylamide.

3. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heavy metal curing agent in S1 is at least one of silicate, phosphate and sulfide.

4. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 The microbial agent is at least one of Bacillus and Pseudomonas.

5. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: S1 The auxiliary additives are methyl cellulose and trace elements, and the trace elements are boron, zinc, iron and manganese.

6. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the soil conditioner described in S1 comprises: A1. Weigh the following raw materials according to weight: 60-85 parts of carbonate powder, 5-20 parts of magnesium oxide or magnesium hydroxide, 2-10 parts of water-absorbing resin, 1-5 parts of heavy metal curing agent, 0.5-3 parts of microbial agent and 1.5-6 parts of auxiliary additives; A2, placing all the above raw materials in a high-speed mixer, and mixing the raw materials at a speed of 100-300 rpm to obtain a raw material mixture; A3, feeding the raw material mixture into a granulator, forming granules by extrusion or rolling granulation, thereby obtaining mixed granules; A4. Send the mixed particles into a drying device and dry them until the moisture content is less than 5% to obtain a soil conditioner.

7. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A1 The heavy metal curing agent is a mixture of nano silicate and dicalcium hydrogen phosphate.

8. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 7, characterized in that: The mixing ratio of the nano silicate to dicalcium hydrogen phosphate is 1:0.5-2.

9. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A3 The particle size of the mixed particles is 1-5 mm.

10. The method for acidic soil treatment and hydrological regulation according to claim 6, characterized in that: A4 The temperature of the drying equipment is 60-80°C.

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