Rapid restoration method for cinnabar cinnabar habitat

Abstract

The invention discloses a quick restoration method for a cinnabar cinnabar habitat, and relates to the field of wetland ecological restoration. The method comprises the steps that 1, habitat investigation is conducted on a to-be-restored land parcel; 2, seedling preparation; 3, terrain modification; 4, complementary planting of nursery stocks; 5, field management; and 6, investigating and observing. According to the method, through optimal combination of various plants with different ecological niche and assistance of appropriate illumination and moisture management, rapid and efficient restoration of the cinnabar habitat is achieved; by means of the method, the plant number, the average height and the vegetation coverage of the cinnabar can be remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wetland ecological restoration, in particular to Zhulan ( Pogonia japonica ) Ecological restoration methods of habitats. Background Art

[0002] Wetlands, forests and oceans are known as the world's three major ecosystems. As the main component of wetland ecosystems, wetland plants play an important and irreplaceable function. Wetland plants are not only the primary producers of wetland systems, providing material and energy sources, but also play an important role in carbon storage, flood control and biodiversity maintenance. Since the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, my country has attached great importance to the protection and restoration of wetlands. Carrying out wetland vegetation restoration is of great significance to enhancing the important ecological functions of wetlands.

[0003] The emergence and reproduction of occasional species such as endangered plants can indicate the successful restoration of wetlands. Endangered plants refer to plants that are facing the risk of extinction due to environmental changes. The reasons for plant endangerment are very complex. Improper human activities, climate change and the spread of alien invasive species may all lead to plant endangerment. Juran is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Juran in the Orchidaceae family and is listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species - Near Threatened (NT). In my country, Juran is mostly found in subalpine meadows, swamps or other wet places. However, in recent decades, due to the loss of wetland area and functional degradation in my country, endangered plants such as Juran are facing more serious threats. Different plant species, especially endangered plants, have different suitable habitat conditions and reproduction strategies. At present, there is no technical method for the restoration of Juran habitat. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention provides a method for quickly repairing a Zhulan habitat.

[0005] The rapid repair method of Zhulan habitat of the present invention is carried out according to the following steps: 1. Conduct habitat surveys on the proposed restoration plots: In the distribution area of ​​​​Zhulan, investigate the population size, distribution, water, effective radiation of light and the characteristics of the accompanying plants of Zhulan, clarify the optimal habitat characteristics of Zhulan, and mark the plots that have been arid or invaded by non-wetland plants; 2. Preparation of seedlings: For the 1 to 10 most frequently occurring companion plants surveyed in step 1, collect the above companion plants and store them in a cool and humid environment for future use; 3. Terrain modification: For the planned restoration plots in step 1, water conservation and control are achieved through the construction of cofferdams and local deep excavation measures; 4. Replanting of seedlings: After the implementation of step 3, clear the non-wetland plants on the plot and replant the seedlings prepared in step 2; 5. Field management: After the implementation of step 4, water management should be carried out immediately to keep the surface water depth within the range of 0.1-20cm; green sunshade nets should be built in the distribution area of ​​Zhulan to promote the improvement of Zhulan habitat and population expansion; 6. Investigation and observation: For the plots after the implementation of step 5, conduct sample plot investigation after removing the shade nets, and record the growth of replanted seedlings and Zhulan, thus achieving the ecological restoration of Zhulan habitat.

[0006] The ecological restoration method of the Zhulan habitat of the present invention includes the following beneficial effects: The present invention is proposed on the basis of a large number of investigations in the distribution area of ​​Zhulan, and fully considers the ecological and biological characteristics of Zhulan, such as that it mainly grows on the top of towers, has short plants, and likes shade and humidity, and is scientific. The invention realizes rapid and efficient restoration of the habitat of Julan through an optimized combination of multiple plants with different ecological niches, supplemented by appropriate light and water management; the method of the invention can significantly increase the number of Julan plants, the average height and the vegetation coverage. 3. The present invention does not involve large-scale engineering measures. The measures adopted, such as micro-topography modification and seedling replanting, are ecological and environmentally friendly and are suitable for promotion and application in protected areas of different levels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007] Figure 1 The effects of shading and non-shading treatments on the growth regeneration and community coverage of Julan. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0008] The following will be combined with the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0009] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0010] Specific implementation method 1: The ecological restoration method of the Zhulan habitat in this implementation method is carried out according to the following steps: 1. Conduct habitat surveys on the proposed restoration plots: In the distribution area of ​​​​Zhulan, investigate the population size, distribution, water, effective radiation of light and the characteristics of the accompanying plants of Zhulan, clarify the optimal habitat characteristics of Zhulan, and mark the plots that have been arid or invaded by non-wetland plants; 2. Preparation of seedlings: Collect the top 1 to 10 most frequently occurring companion plants surveyed in step 1 and store them in a cool and humid environment for future use; 3. Terrain modification: For the planned restoration plots in step 1, water conservation and control are achieved through the construction of cofferdams and local deep excavation measures; 4. Replanting of seedlings: After the implementation of step 3, clear the non-wetland plants on the plot and replant the seedlings prepared in step 2; 5. Field management: After the implementation of step 4, water management should be carried out immediately to keep the surface water depth within the range of 0.1-20cm; green sunshade nets should be built in the distribution area of ​​Zhulan to promote the improvement of Zhulan habitat and population expansion; 6. Investigation and observation: For the plots after the implementation of step 5, conduct sample plot investigation after removing the shade nets, and record the growth of replanted seedlings and Zhulan, thus achieving the ecological restoration of Zhulan habitat.

[0011] The optimal habitat characteristics of Zhulan in step 1 of this implementation method are as follows: Zhulan grows on the top of the tower, which is 20-30 cm high and 15-30 cm in diameter; the dominant species on the top of the tower are Ula grass and Sphagnum moss, Ula grass is about 35 cm high and has a coverage of 60%-90%, creating a shade environment for Zhulan, the coverage of Sphagnum moss is 50%-100%, and the water depth between the tower heads is 0.1-20 cm.

[0012] In step 2 of this embodiment, the above-mentioned companion plants are collected without affecting their growth and reproduction, and an appropriate number of plants of each plant are collected.

[0013] The aperture of the sunshade net described in step five of this embodiment is determined based on the effective radiation of light in the Zhulan distribution area during habitat investigation.

[0014] Specific implementation method 2: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that: the height of the ecological cofferdam constructed in step 3 is 15-20 cm. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in specific implementation method 1.

[0015] This implementation method is to construct it with soil from the wetland site without affecting the growth of Zhulan. The height of the ecological cofferdam can retain water from natural precipitation or artificial supplementation, and when there is too much water, it can also flow out of the Zhulan plot.

[0016] Specific implementation method 3: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that the local deep digging described in step 3 has a micro-groove width of 20-30 cm and a depth of 20 cm. Other steps and parameters are the same as those in specific implementation method 1.

[0017] This implementation method is to dig a micro-ditch in the project area without affecting the growth of Zhulan. The micro-ditch is only implemented in the project area and is not connected to the periphery to prevent water from being diverted out of the project area.

[0018] Specific implementation method 4: This implementation method is different from specific implementation method 1 in that when replanting seedlings in step 4, 2-3 kinds of companion plants are selected for replanting.

[0019] This implementation method is based on the actual companion plants of Zhulan, and the replanting density is determined according to the habitat survey results.

[0020] Example 1: In 2024, in the Sanjiang National Wetland Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, the ecological restoration of the Zhulan habitat was carried out using the method of the present invention. The ecological restoration method was implemented according to the following steps: (I) Habitat survey: In the Sanjiang Nature Reserve in Heilongjiang Province, investigate the population size, distribution, water and light effective radiation and companion plant characteristics of the red lily; mark the plots where the red lily is distributed but has been obviously arid or invaded by non-wetland plants (E134.618257, N48.154852); (II) Preparation of seedlings: For the five most frequently occurring companion plants (Ula grass, pointed-leaf sphagnum moss, small white-flowered burdock, plum blossom grass, and small-flowered ground shoot) investigated in step 1, collect a small number of the above companion plants in natural wetlands (collect 500 Ula grass, 40 small white-flowered burdock, 40 plum blossom grass, 20 small-flowered ground shoot, and 300 pointed-leaf sphagnum moss), and store them in a cool and humid environment for future use; (III) Terrain modification: For the proposed restoration plots in step (I), under the premise of not affecting the growth of Zhulan, the purpose of water conservation and control is achieved by building cofferdams and local deep excavation measures; Cofferdam construction: Use the soil from the wetland site to build a cofferdam. The ecological cofferdam is 15-20 cm high and can retain water from natural precipitation or artificial replenishment. When there is too much water, it can also flow out of the project area; Local deep excavation: Dig micro-ditches in the project area to achieve local deep excavation. The micro-ditch is only implemented in the project area and is not connected to the periphery to prevent water from flowing out of the project area. The micro-ditch is 20-30 cm wide and 20 cm deep.

[0021] (IV) Replanting of seedlings: After the implementation of step (III), clear the non-wetland plants on and between the tower heads, and select 2-3 plants prepared in step (II) for replanting according to the actual companion plants of Zhulan. The replanting density is determined according to the results of the habitat survey; (V) Field management: After the implementation of step (IV), water management measures such as irrigation shall be immediately implemented to keep the surface water depth within the range of 0.1-20 cm; for small areas where Zhulan is distributed, simple green sunshade nets shall be built to promote Zhulan habitat improvement and population expansion; the aperture of the sunshade net (double layer, aperture 1 mm) shall be determined based on the effective radiation of light in the Zhulan distribution area during the habitat survey, so that the effective radiation of light in the restored habitat is equivalent to that in the natural distribution area of ​​Zhulan; (VI) Investigation and Observation: During the peak growth period of plants (early August), for the plots after the implementation of step (V), remove the sunshade nets and conduct a sample survey to record the growth of the replanted seedlings and Zhulan.

[0022] The effect of the ecological restoration method of the Zhulan habitat in this embodiment is verified by the following experiments: The experimental group and the control group were set up. The experimental group: the experiment was conducted by changing the combination of different companion species in step 4 of this embodiment. The control group: the difference from the experimental group in the treatment was that no plant replanting was performed in step 4, and the other treatments were the same as the experimental group. The experimental results are shown in Table 1, and a comparison chart of the three indicators under shaded and non-shaded conditions was drawn based on the results in Table 1, as shown in Figure 1. Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 This is the effect of shading and non-shading treatments on the growth and renewal of Julan and community coverage. In the figure, A, B, and C represent the number of Julan, the height of Julan, and the vegetation coverage, respectively. Note: * indicates that the difference reached a significant level (P < 0.05).

[0023] Table 1 Effects of different experimental treatments on the growth and regeneration of Julan and vegetation coverage

[0024] Note: Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate significant differences (P < 0.05) As shown in Table 1, different experimental treatments had significant effects on the number of Zhulan plants (F=9.482, P<0.001), average plant height (F=67.253, P<0.001), and vegetation coverage (F=124.235, P<0.001). The three indicators of Experiments 9 to 14 were significantly higher than those of the control (no replanting treatment), and the values ​​between Experiments 10, 12, and 14 were the largest and the differences were not significant, indicating that replanting Ula grass and sharp-leaved sphagnum moss, supplemented by appropriate water and light management measures, can significantly improve the habitat of Zhulan. In addition, as shown in Tables 1 and Figure 1 It can be seen that after replanting Ula grass and sharp-leaved sphagnum, appropriate shading treatment can further improve the effect of Zhulan habitat restoration. The method provided in this experiment can increase the number of Zhulan plants, average height and vegetation coverage by more than 8 times, 3.6 times and 29 times, respectively.

[0025] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rapid restoration method for Zhulan habitat, characterized in that The quick fix for Juran Habitat follows these steps:

1. Conduct habitat surveys on the proposed restoration plots: In the distribution area of ​​​​Zhulan, investigate the population size, distribution, water, effective radiation of light and the characteristics of the accompanying plants of Zhulan, clarify the optimal habitat characteristics of Zhulan, and mark the plots that have been arid or invaded by non-wetland plants; 2. Preparation of seedlings: Collect the top 1 to 10 most frequently occurring companion plants surveyed in step 1 and store them in a cool and humid environment for future use; 3. Terrain modification: For the planned restoration plots in step 1, water conservation and control are achieved through the construction of cofferdams and local deep excavation measures; 4. Replanting of seedlings: After the implementation of step 3, clear the non-wetland plants on the plot and replant the seedlings prepared in step 2; 5. Field management: After the implementation of step 4, water management should be carried out immediately to keep the surface water depth within the range of 0.1-20cm; green sunshade nets should be built in the distribution area of ​​Zhulan to promote the improvement of Zhulan habitat and population expansion; 6. Investigation and observation: For the plots after the implementation of step 5, conduct sample plot investigation after removing the shade nets, and record the growth of replanted seedlings and Zhulan, thus achieving the ecological restoration of Zhulan habitat.

2. A rapid restoration method for Zhulan habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that The cofferdam constructed in step three has an ecological cofferdam height of 15-20 cm.

3. A rapid restoration method for Zhulan habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that The local deep excavation described in step 3 should have a micro-trenches width of 20-30 cm and a depth of 20 cm.

4. A rapid restoration method for a Juran habitat according to claim 1, characterized in that When replanting seedlings in step 4, choose 2-3 companion plants.

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