Attractant for euphorbia hirsuta in northern hazel orchard and application of attractant

Abstract

The invention discloses a botanical attractant for trunk borers in hazelnut gardens and application of the botanical attractant, relates to the technical field of forest protection, and aims to solve the problem that the botanical attractant for effectively treating the trunk borers in the hazelnut gardens does not exist in the prior art. The active component of the attractant provided by the invention is composed of one or more of a-pinene, beta-caryophyllene, aggregation pheromone (S)-(-)-bark beetle enol and (S)-(+)-bark beetle dienol, and the mass part ratio of the active component is (0.01-0.1): (0.03-0.3): (0.05-0.3): (0.02-0.5). A carrier loaded with the attractant is placed in a trap, and is suspended at a position 1.8 m away from the ground in an area where the northern maozhou bark beetles occur or possibly occur, and the northern maozhou bark beetles are trapped. The attractant provided by the invention is applied to pest situation prediction and forecast and mass trapping, and achieves an ideal effect of green prevention and control of trunk borers in hazelnut gardens, i.e., northern euphorbia hirsuta.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forest protection, and in particular to a plant-based attractant for a hazelnut orchard stem-boring pest, Hypophthalmichthys fasciatus, and application thereof. Background Art

[0002] The northern hairy-breasted wood borer (Curculio dieckmanni), a stem-boring pest in hazelnut orchards, is the main pest that harms hazelnuts. After finding a suitable host, the northern hairy-breasted wood borer will generally bore holes in the host's newly sprouted tender buds, damaged parts, or untreated pruned branches to establish new tunnels to cultivate fungi and lay eggs. The northern hairy-breasted wood borer likes light and warmth, and most of them bore holes in damaged parts of the phloem, lateral buds, and young lateral branches, but it is not uncommon for them to bore holes in normal parts. Once the borer enters, the northern hairy-breasted wood borer will build pits around the phloem of the hazelnut plant, thereby blocking the transportation of nutrients and water to the entire hazelnut plant or branches. In a short period of time, the hazel leaves will appear visibly yellow and dry until they die. This seriously affects the cultivation and management of hazelnut economic forest tree species. However, in China, due to the extensive economic development model, grassroots production units mainly use chemical pesticides to control the northern hairy-chested wood borer, a stem borer in hazel orchards, which leads to high pesticide residues, environmental pollution, and impacts on food and drug safety. With the development of the economy, people attach great importance to food and drug safety. The increasing adverse effects brought about by chemical pesticide control have caused people to distrust domestic drugs and food safety, and even lose confidence. Therefore, humans gradually transformed chemical control into biological control and explored sustainable control methods.

[0003] Specific organic compounds released by host plants play an important role in regulating many interactions between organisms in nature, such as herbivorous insects and their natural enemies. Herbivorous insects can sense these volatile chemical information substances within a certain distance to locate and select hosts, oviposition sites, etc. The volatile chemicals released by each plant can convey general and specific information about its identity and physiological state. Usually, herbivorous insects can only detect a part of plant volatiles to meet their survival needs, such as Anoplophora glabripennis, Apriona germari, and Otiorhynchus sulcatus. Studies have shown that plant volatiles can be used as plant-derived attractants for the control of herbivorous insects. The monomeric volatiles dibutyl phthalate, cinnamaldehyde, cis-3-hexenyl acetate, linalool and 1-hexanol all have an attractant effect on the North China black beetle, but the volatiles of several single items mixed in different proportions show a stronger attractant effect, such as the mixture of dibutyl phthalate + cinnamaldehyde + cis-3-hexenyl acetate (content / mg: 11.1+33.3+100.0), the mixture of dibutyl phthalate + linalool + cis-3-hexenyl acetate (content / mg: 11.1+100.0+100.0), and the mixture of 1-hexanol + cis-3-hexenyl acetate + cis-3-hexenyl isobutyrate (content / mg: 33.3+100.0+300.0) all show significant attractant effects. Summary of the invention

[0004] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are:

[0005] The prior art lacks plant-derived attractants that are effective in controlling the northern hairy-breasted wood borer pest in hazel orchards.

[0006] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions to solve the above technical problems:

[0007] The inventor conducted scientific experiments on the hazelnut stem-boring pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, and found that damaged host hazelnut branches and trunks have a significant attraction to the hazelnut stem-boring pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, and the attraction effect is significantly higher than that of healthy hazelnut branches and trunks. The reason for this is that the adults of the hazelnut stem-boring pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, invade through the damaged part or near the damaged part, so the damage to the branch and trunk has a strong attraction to the hazelnut stem-boring pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle. Therefore, the inventors screened the effective attractant components in the damaged host hazelnut branches and trunks through electrophysiological and olfactory bioassays, and further clarified the components and proportions of attracting the hazelnut stem-boring pest, Microhylostomus fasciatus, after hazelnut damage, and provided an attractant for Microhylostomus fasciatus, the active components of which are composed of one or more of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and the aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene.

[0008] Furthermore, the active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and their mass ratios are: (0.01-0.1):(0.03-0.3):(0.05-0.3):(0.02-0.5).

[0009] Furthermore, the active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and their mass ratios are: (0.015-0.07):(0.04-0.24):(0.055-0.24):(0.025-0.1).

[0010] Furthermore, the active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and the mass ratio thereof is 0.07:0.24:0.18:0.05.

[0011] Furthermore, the attractant is a solution containing active components, and the solvent of the solution is a volatile solvent.

[0012] The volatile solvent is selected from n-hexane, and the n-hexane solution containing the active components of the attractant for the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle in hazel garden is dripped onto the attractant core. After the n-hexane solution of the attractant evaporates, the n-hexane is dripped onto the attractant core. After the n-hexane evaporates, the attractant core containing the attractant for the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle in hazel garden is obtained. The obtained attractant core is sealed in aluminum foil and stored at -20°C.

[0013] The invention provides an application of the attractant, and the attractant is used for preventing and controlling northern hairy wood borer.

[0014] The present invention provides a method for using the attractant, wherein an attractant core made of an attractant for a hazel orchard northern hairy wood beetle is placed in a trap, and the traps containing the attractant cores of a plant-based source are set at different heights and hung in areas where the hazel orchard stem borer northern hairy wood beetle occurs or may occur, and are used for predicting the insect situation of the hazel orchard stem borer northern hairy wood beetle and trapping them in large quantities. The trap is the trap described in patent CN201620147068.7.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The present invention prepares a plant-derived attractant for the stem-boring pest northern hairy-breasted wood beetle through volatiles produced by host plants, has the remarkable characteristics of being pollution-free, having strong biological activity and high specificity, having strong trapping ability, a long lasting effect, and a control effect that can be maintained for more than 30 days; has strong pertinence, will not cause resistance in the stem-boring pest northern hairy-breasted wood beetle of hazel garden, is harmless to humans and animals, and is environmentally friendly; has strong stress resistance and is easy to use. The present invention can accurately apply a large amount of trapping, and is of great significance for insect prediction and forecasting, large-scale trapping, and comprehensive control of the stem-boring pest northern hairy-breasted wood beetle of hazel garden. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, an attractant for northern hairy wood beetles in hazel gardens is provided, wherein the active components of the attractant consist of one or more of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and the aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol.

[0020] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the active components of the attractant are preferably composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and their mass ratios are: (0.01~0.1):(0.03~0.3):(0.05~0.3):(0.02~0.5).

[0021] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the active components of the attractant are preferably composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and their mass ratios are: (0.015-0.07):(0.04-0.24):(0.055-0.24):(0.025-0.1).

[0022] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the active components of the attractant are preferably composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and the mass ratio thereof is 0.07:0.24:0.18:0.05.

[0023] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, the attractant is preferably a solution containing an active component, and the solvent of the solution is a volatile solvent.

[0024] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a use of the attractant is provided, and the attractant is used for the prevention and treatment of northern hairy wood borer.

[0025] In a typical embodiment of the present invention, a method for using the attractant is provided, wherein a carrier loaded with the attractant is placed in a trap, and the trap is placed in an area where northern hairy wood borer occurs or may occur, 1.8 m above the ground, to trap the northern hairy wood borer.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention will be described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0027] Example 1

[0028] The n-hexane solution containing the plant-derived attractant of the hazel orchard stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, of the present invention is dripped onto the attractant core, and after the n-hexane solution containing the plant-derived attractant of the hazel orchard stem borer pest, the n-hexane is dripped onto the attractant core, and after the n-hexane is volatilized, the attractant core containing the plant-derived attractant of the hazel orchard stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, is obtained, and the attractant core is placed in a trap, and then the trap is hung according to the degree of damage caused by the hazel orchard stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, in the hazel orchard and the wild hazel forest.

[0029] To ensure the release effect, 200-2000 μg of plant-derived attractant of the northern hairy-breasted wood borer pest was placed in each bag of bait core (2 mL / bag). The average spacing between the traps was 30 m, and the heights of the traps were set at 0.8 m, 1.2 m, 1.5 m, 1.8 m, and 2 m above the ground. As shown in Table 1, 10 specific formulas are given:

[0030] Table 1

[0031]

[0032] A plot with a serious occurrence of the hazel borer borer, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, was selected, with an area of ​​more than 10 mu. Each formula was set with the core of the lure at a height of 0.8m, 1.2m, 1.5m, 1.8m, and 2m from the ground. Three replicates were set for each treatment. The baffle-type trap (C7) described in the patent CN201620147068.7 containing the plant-derived attractant for the hazel borer ...

[0033] Table 2

[0034]

[0035]

[0036] From the results of Table 1 and Table 2, it can be seen that the plant-derived attractant for the hazelnut stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, of the present invention has a good trapping effect on the hazelnut stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle. From the significance comparison, it can be seen that the trapping activity of a-pinene, β-caryophyllene, (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol, and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol on the hazelnut stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, has a strong trapping ability, among which formulas 6 and 8 have more significant trapping amounts compared with the control and other formulas, and formula 7 has the largest trapping amount and the best trapping effect.

[0037] This embodiment also uses one or two α-pinene, β-caryophyllene, (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol, and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol as attractants to repeat the above trapping experiment, but none of them has as good trapping effect as formula 7. This embodiment made different treatments on the height of the lure core, and found that the trapping effect was best when the lure core height was 1.8m. In summary, the plant-based attractant for the hazel garden stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, provided by the present invention can be accurately applied to the prediction and forecast of the hazel garden stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, and large-scale trapping, achieving the ideal effect of green prevention and control of the hazel garden stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle, which is of great significance for the comprehensive control of the hazel garden stem borer pest, the northern hairy-breasted wood beetle.

[0038] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An attractant for northern hairy-breasted wood borer in hazel gardens, characterized in that: The active components of the attractant are composed of one or more of a-pinene, beta-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol.

2. The attractant for northern hairy wood borer beetle in hazel garden according to claim 1, characterized in that The active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and the mass ratio thereof is: (0.01-0.1):(0.03-0.3):(0.05-0.3):(0.02-0.5).

3. The attractant for northern hairy wood borer beetle in hazel garden according to claim 2, characterized in that: The active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and the mass ratio thereof is: (0.015-0.07):(0.04-0.24):(0.055-0.24):(0.025-0.1).

4. The attractant for northern hairy wood borer beetle in hazel garden according to claim 3, characterized in that: The active components of the attractant are composed of α-pinene, β-caryophyllene and the aggregation pheromones (S)-(-)-caryophyllene alcohol and (S)-(+)-caryophyllene alcohol, and the mass ratio thereof is: 0.07:0.24:0.18:0.05。 5. The attractant for northern hairy wood borer beetle in hazel garden according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attractant is a solution containing active components, and the solvent of the solution is a volatile solvent.

6. Use of the attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The attractant is used for the prevention and treatment of northern hairy wood borer.

7. The method for using the attractant according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The carrier loaded with the attractant is placed in a trap, and the trap is placed in an area where northern hairy-breasted wood beetles occur or may occur, 1.8 m above the ground, to trap the northern hairy-breasted wood beetles.

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