Supercritical water reaction equipment
By designing a supercritical water reaction equipment with temperature control devices and control systems, the safety and stability of the reaction equipment under high temperature and high pressure are solved, and the precise control of the temperature in the reaction chamber is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510138220.9
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-07
- Publication Date
- 2025-05-06
AI Technical Summary
Supercritical water reaction equipment operating under high temperature and high pressure faces problems such as material corrosion, salt deposition and difficulty in reaction heat control, which affects the safety and stability of the equipment.
A supercritical water reaction device including a tubular reactor, a temperature control device, a feeding device, a processing device and a control system is designed. By setting a temperature control device outside the tubular reactor and electrically connecting the control system to the temperature control device, precise control of the temperature in the reaction chamber is achieved.
It effectively improves the safety and stability of the equipment, avoiding material creep and equipment safety problems caused by improper reaction heat control.
Smart Images
Figure CN119926343A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present application relates to but is not limited to the field of supercritical reaction process technology, and in particular to a supercritical water reaction device. Background Art
[0002] The supercritical water oxidation reaction is a self-exothermic reaction. When the concentration of organic matter in the treated material is greater than 3%, a self-heating reaction can be achieved. However, when using supercritical water oxidation to treat organic matter with high calorific value and difficult to decompose, the supercritical water reaction equipment needs to operate under high temperature and high pressure due to the need for a higher decomposition temperature. In this environment, the problems caused by the inherent material corrosion and salt deposition of the supercritical water reaction equipment become more and more serious, which also makes the design requirements for the material and process flow of the supercritical water reaction equipment itself more and more stringent.
[0003] The safety of supercritical water reaction equipment has always been a key issue restricting the engineering application of supercritical water reaction equipment. The supercritical water oxidation reaction is extremely fast, and the time to complete the reaction is in seconds. If the thermal effect caused by the instantaneous heat release of the reaction is not properly controlled, it may cause the local temperature of the supercritical water reaction equipment to be too high, causing material creep failure, and then causing equipment safety problems. Summary of the invention
[0004] The present application provides a supercritical water reaction device, which can achieve precise control of the supercritical water oxidation reaction temperature in the supercritical water reaction device, which is beneficial to improving the safety and stability of the device.
[0005] The present application provides a supercritical water reaction device comprising: a tubular reactor, a temperature control device, a feeding device, a processing device and a control system. The tubular reactor has a feeding port and a discharging port, and a reaction chamber is provided between the feeding port and the discharging port; the temperature control device is arranged on the outside of the tubular reactor, and is used to control the temperature in the reaction chamber; the feeding device is connected to the feeding port, and is used to transport the material to the reaction chamber; the processing device is connected to the discharging port, and is used to process the product formed by the material in the reaction chamber; the control system is electrically connected to the temperature control device, the feeding device and the processing device, respectively, and the control system is used to control the operation of the supercritical water reaction device.
[0006] The supercritical water reaction equipment provided by the present application is convenient for conveying the materials to be processed, etc., into the reaction chamber through the feeding device, because the feeding device is connected to the feeding port of the tubular reactor. And the treatment device is connected to the discharge port, and the gas, liquid, and fixed products formed after the oxidation reaction in the reaction chamber can be treated by the treatment device, so that the reaction products can be treated to the standard of discharge, which is conducive to reducing the impact on the environment. At the same time, the tubular reactor is provided with a temperature control device, and the control system is electrically connected to the temperature control device, and the temperature control device can be controlled in real time by the control system according to the temperature in the reaction chamber of the tubular reactor, so that the temperature in the reaction chamber can be kept in a suitable range at all times, so as to achieve accurate control of the temperature in the reaction chamber. Therefore, the supercritical water reaction equipment provided by the present application can achieve accurate control of the supercritical water oxidation reaction temperature in the supercritical water reaction equipment, which is conducive to improving the safety and stability of the equipment.
[0007] In one possible implementation of the present application, the temperature control device includes a heating device and a cooling device. Along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, the heating device is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor close to the feed port, and the cooling device is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor close to the discharge port.
[0008] In one possible implementation of the present application, the heating device includes a plurality of heating modules, which are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, and each heating module can independently control the heating temperature.
[0009] In one possible implementation of the present application, the cooling device includes a plurality of cooling modules. The plurality of cooling modules are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor along the direction from the feed inlet to the discharge outlet, and each cooling module can be independently controlled.
[0010] In a possible implementation of the present application, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes a plurality of detection components, which are sequentially arranged in the tubular reactor at intervals along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, and the detection components are used to detect the temperature in the reaction chamber.
[0011] In one possible implementation of the present application, the processing device includes a salt removal device, which is connected to the tubular reactor and connected to the reaction chamber through a first controller, and the first controller is used to connect or disconnect the passage between the reaction chamber and the salt removal device.
[0012] In a possible implementation of the present application, the processing device includes a tail gas processing device, the tail gas processing device is connected to the tubular reactor, and the tail gas processing device includes a multi-stage filter scrubbing module.
[0013] In one possible implementation of the present application, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes a gas-liquid separation device, which is connected to the reaction chamber, and the tail gas treatment device is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the reaction chamber into liquid and gas.
[0014] In a possible implementation of the present application, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes a water reuse device, which is connected to the gas-liquid separation device for processing the liquid.
[0015] In a possible implementation of the present application, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes an exhaust device, which is connected to the tail gas treatment device and is used to discharge the gas treated by the multi-stage filter module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of the supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application;
[0017] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular reactor and a temperature control device in a supercritical water reaction device provided in an embodiment of the present application;
[0018] Figure 3 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;
[0019] Figure 4 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;
[0020] Figure 5 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 .
[0021] Description of reference numerals:
[0022] 1- tubular reactor; 101- feed inlet; 102- discharge outlet; 2- heating device; 3- cooling device; 4- feed device; 5- salt removal device; 6- tail gas treatment device; 7- control system; 8- detection element; 9- gas-liquid separation device; 10- water reuse device; 11- exhaust device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the specific technical solution of the present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present application, but are not used to limit the scope of the present application.
[0024] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.
[0025] In addition, in the embodiments of the present application, directional terms such as "up", "down", "left" and "right" are defined relative to the orientation of the components in the drawings. It should be understood that these directional terms are relative concepts. They are used for relative description and clarification, and they may change accordingly according to the changes in the orientation of the components in the drawings.
[0026] In the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium.
[0027] In the embodiments of the present application, the terms "include", "comprises" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, an element defined by the sentence "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the element.
[0028] In the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a specific way.
[0029] Supercritical water oxidation is an advanced oxidation method that can treat high-concentration, toxic, and difficult-to-oxidize organic wastes in a green and efficient manner. When the temperature and pressure of water are raised to above the critical point (Tc = 374.3°C, Pc = 22.05MPa), water will enter a supercritical state. In this state, water not only has a very strong transmission capacity, but also does not have a mass transfer problem between the gas-liquid interface. Therefore, the organic matter and oxygen to be treated can be dissolved in supercritical water to form a uniform phase for oxidation reaction. In this ideal oxidation reaction environment, the oxidant and the organic matter are infinitely miscible, and because there is no interphase mass transfer and heat transfer resistance, the reaction efficiency is extremely high. The supercritical state of water can efficiently treat various toxic, harmful, and difficult-to-treat organic wastes, and only generates small molecules such as CO2, H2O, and inorganic salts, which is green and has no secondary pollution.
[0030] In addition, supercritical water oxidation technology for treating organic waste has the following advantages: the reactor structure is simple and the equipment size is small; self-heating reaction can be achieved when the organic matter concentration reaches more than 3%, and in addition to maintaining the heat required for its own reaction, the excess heat energy can also be recovered; the solubility of inorganic components and salts in supercritical water is very low, and almost all of them can be precipitated, which facilitates the collection and treatment of inorganic components and salts.
[0031] However, the supercritical water oxidation reaction is extremely fast. If the heat released instantly during the reaction is not properly controlled, it may cause the local temperature of the supercritical water reaction equipment to be too high, resulting in material creep failure, and further causing equipment safety problems.
[0032] On this basis, the present application embodiment provides a supercritical water reaction device, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the composition structure of the supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application, Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a tubular reactor and a temperature control device in a supercritical water reaction device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The supercritical water reaction device provided in an embodiment of the present application includes: a tubular reactor 1, a temperature control device, a feeding device 4, a processing device and a control system 7. Among them, the tubular reactor 1 has a feed port 101 and a discharge port 102, and a reaction chamber is provided between the feed port 101 and the discharge port 102; the temperature control device is arranged on the outside of the tubular reactor 1, for controlling the temperature in the reaction chamber; the feeding device 4 is connected to the feed port 101, for conveying the material to the reaction chamber; the processing device is connected to the discharge port 102, for processing the product formed by the material in the reaction chamber; the control system 7 is electrically connected to the temperature control device, the feeding device 4 and the processing device, respectively, and the control system 7 is used to control the operation of the supercritical water reaction device.
[0033] In the embodiment of the present application, the tubular reactor 1 is the place where the supercritical water oxidation reaction occurs. The tubular reflector can be set as a long tubular structure with a cavity, and the cavity in the tubular reactor 1 is used as a reaction chamber. And the tubular reactor 1 can withstand a pressure greater than 22.05Mpa. A feed port 101 can be set at one end of the tubular reactor 1, and a discharge port 102 can be set at the other end of the tubular reactor 1. Water and objects to be treated can be transported to the reaction chamber through the feed port 101, and the product after the supercritical water oxidation reaction occurs can be discharged from the discharge port 102. For example, the tubular reactor 1 can be set in the vertical direction, that is, the axis of the tubular reactor 1 is parallel to the vertical direction.
[0034] In the embodiment of the present application, a temperature control device may be provided outside the tubular reactor 1, and the temperature control device may be provided as a structure capable of heating the tubular reactor 1 and absorbing the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the tubular reactor 1. In this way, the tubular reactor 1 is heated by the temperature control device so that the temperature in the reaction chamber reaches or approaches the supercritical temperature of water. In the process of violent oxidation reaction in the reaction chamber and releasing a large amount of heat, the temperature control device can absorb the heat and keep the temperature in the reaction chamber stable.
[0035] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding device 4 can deliver the material into the reaction chamber, and the feeding device 4 can be connected to the feed port 101 through a valve. For example, a delivery pump can be provided in the feeding device 4 to pump the material to be processed into the reaction chamber through the delivery pump.
[0036] In the embodiment of the present application, the processing device can process the product formed after the oxidation reaction of the material to be processed in the reaction chamber, and the processing device can be connected to the discharge port 102 through a valve. For example, the processing device can be set to a structure capable of processing gas, liquid, fixed, etc.
[0037] In the embodiment of the present application, the control system 7 is used to control the operation of the supercritical water reaction device, and the control system 7 can be electrically connected to the temperature control device, the feeding device 4, the processing device, etc. through a wire, so that the control system 7 can issue control instructions to the temperature control device, the feeding device 4, the processing device, etc. For example, the control system 7 may include a control console, a control cabinet, a junction box, etc., and all valves, control instruments and motors in the supercritical water reaction device can be operated and controlled by the control console.
[0038] The supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application, because the feeding device 4 is connected to the feeding port 101 of the tubular reactor 1, it is convenient to transport the materials to be processed, etc. to the reaction chamber through the feeding device 4. And the treatment device is connected to the discharge port 102, and the gas, liquid and fixed products formed after the oxidation reaction in the reaction chamber can be treated by the treatment device, so that the reaction products can be treated to reach the discharge standard, which is conducive to reducing the impact on the environment. At the same time, the tubular reactor 1 is provided with a temperature control device, and the control system 7 is electrically connected to the temperature control device. The temperature control device can be controlled in real time by the control system 7 according to the temperature in the reaction chamber of the tubular reactor 1, so that the temperature in the reaction chamber can be kept in a suitable range at all times, so as to achieve accurate control of the temperature in the reaction chamber. Therefore, the supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application can achieve accurate control of the supercritical water oxidation reaction temperature in the supercritical water reaction equipment, which is conducive to improving the safety and stability of the equipment.
[0039] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the temperature control device includes a heating device 2 and a cooling device 3. Along the direction from the feed port 101 to the discharge port 102, the heating device 2 is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor 1 close to the feed port 101, and the cooling device 3 is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor 1 close to the discharge port 102.
[0040] In the embodiment of the present application, the temperature control device can be configured to include a heating device 2 and a cooling device 3, so that the heating device 2 heats the vicinity of the feed port 101 of the tubular reactor 1, while the cooling device 3 dissipates heat and cools down other parts of the tubular reactor 1.
[0041] Illustratively, a heating wire or the like as the heating device 2 may be disposed on the outer wall of the lower half of the tubular reactor 1 near the feed port 101, or a heating wire or the like as the heating device 2 may be disposed on the outer wall of the one-third section of the tubular reactor 1 near the feed port 101, so as to heat the tubular reactor 1 by electric energy.
[0042] As another example, a cooling device 3 may be provided on the outer wall of the upper portion of the tubular reactor 1 near the discharge port 102. The cooling device 3 may be a water cooling device, an air cooling device, etc., so as to timely absorb the heat released by the oxidation reaction in the reaction chamber through the cooling device 3.
[0043] In the above embodiment, since a heating device 2 is provided near the feed port 101 of the tubular reactor 1, the reaction chamber can be heated by the heating device 2, so that the temperature of the material entering the reaction chamber can reach the critical temperature at which the supercritical water oxidation reaction can occur. In addition, a cooling device 3 is provided near the discharge port 102 of the tubular reactor 1, and the cooling device 3 can dissipate heat and cool the tubular reactor 1, so that the temperature in the reaction chamber can always be maintained within a suitable range.
[0044] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the heating device 2 includes a plurality of heating modules. The plurality of heating modules are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor 1 along the direction from the feed port 101 to the discharge port 102. Each heating module can independently control the heating temperature.
[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the heating device 2 can adopt a structure of multiple heating modules. The heating module can adopt an electric heating wire heater, an electromagnetic heater, etc. Each heating module can be arranged around the outer wall of the tubular reactor 1, and each heating module can be electrically connected to the control system 7 independently. For example, along the axis of the tubular reactor 1, four, six, etc. heating modules can be arranged in sequence on the outer wall of the tubular reactor 1.
[0046] In the above embodiment, since the heating device 2 is configured to include a structure of multiple heating modules, the heating temperature of each heating module can be independently controlled, so that the temperature of the portion of the tubular reactor 1 close to the feed port 101 can be adjusted in multiple stages, which is beneficial to achieving precise control of the temperature of the supercritical reaction area in the reaction chamber.
[0047] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the cooling device 3 includes a plurality of cooling modules. Along the direction from the feed port 101 to the discharge port 102, the plurality of cooling modules are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor 1, and each cooling module can be independently controlled.
[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the cooling device 3 can adopt a structure of multiple cooling modules. The cooling module can adopt a jacket cooler, a coil condenser, etc. For example, multiple jacket coolers can be arranged around the outer wall of the tubular reactor 1 near one end of the discharge port 102, and multiple jacket coolers can be arranged in this way along the axial direction of the tubular reactor 1, and the valve of each jacket cooler can be independently electrically connected to the control system 7 to individually control the flow rate of the coolant in each jacket cooler. The reaction product discharged from the discharge port 102 can also be cooled by the coil condenser so that the reaction product is cooled to a predetermined temperature.
[0049] In the above embodiment, since the cooling device 3 includes multiple cooling modules, each cooling module can be independently controlled, so that each cooling module can be independently adjusted according to the temperature of the portion of the tubular reactor 1 close to the discharge port 102, which is beneficial to achieve precise control of the temperature of the supercritical reaction area in the reaction chamber.
[0050] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 2 As shown, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes a plurality of detection components 8. Along the direction from the feed port 101 to the discharge port 102, the plurality of detection components 8 are sequentially arranged at intervals in the tubular reactor 1. The detection components 8 are used to detect the temperature in the reaction chamber.
[0051] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of detection members 8 may be provided on the tubular reactor 1 to detect the temperature at different positions in the reactor through the detection members 8. Along the axial direction of the tubular reactor 1, a plurality of detection members 8 may be sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor 1 at intervals, and each detection member 8 may be electrically connected to the control system 7, so that the real-time temperature of each detection point in the tubular reactor 1 may be transmitted to the control system 7 through the detection member 8. For example, in the main reaction section of the tubular reactor 1, the spacing between adjacent detection members 8 may be set smaller. The detection member 8 may be a thermocouple temperature sensor, a thermistor sensor, a platinum resistance sensor, and the like.
[0052] In the above embodiment, since the multiple detection components 8 are arranged in sequence at intervals on the tubular reactor 1, the temperature of each section of the tubular reactor 1 can be detected in real time through the multiple detection components 8, so that the operating parameters of the heating module, the cooling module and the feeding device 4 can be adjusted in multiple stages according to the temperatures of different areas in the reaction chamber, thereby realizing timely regulation of the temperature of each temperature measuring point, which is conducive to realizing precise control of the temperature of the supercritical reaction area.
[0053] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the treatment device includes a salt discharge device 5, which is connected to the tubular reactor 1 and connected to the reaction chamber through a first controller. The first controller is used to connect or shut off the passage between the reaction chamber and the salt discharge device 5.
[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, a salt removal device 5 may be provided in the processing device, and the salt removal device 5 may be provided at the lower end of the tubular reactor 1 near the feed port 101 . For example, a spiral rod may be provided in the salt removal device 5 .
[0055] For example, the salt discharge device 5 can be connected to the tubular reactor 1 through a pneumatic ball valve as the first controller, and the pneumatic ball valve can be electrically connected to the control system 7. When the solid inorganic salt generated in the reaction chamber needs to be discharged, the pneumatic ball valve can be controlled to open, and the motor driving the screw rod can be controlled to rotate, so as to push the inorganic salt out of the reaction chamber through the screw rod. The first controller can also use a valve such as a hydraulic valve.
[0056] In the above embodiment, since the salt discharge device 5 is provided in the treatment device, the solid inorganic salts generated in the reaction chamber can be discharged out of the reaction chamber through the salt discharge device 5. And the salt discharge device 5 is connected to the reaction chamber through the first controller, so that the salt discharge under pressure can be realized, so that the supercritical water reaction equipment can realize continuous operation, which is conducive to improving the operation efficiency.
[0057] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the treatment device includes a tail gas treatment device 6, which is connected to the tubular reactor 1 and includes a multi-stage filter scrubbing module.
[0058] In the embodiment of the present application, a tail gas treatment device 6 may be provided in the treatment device to treat the gas discharged from the reaction chamber using the tail gas treatment device 6. A gas outlet may be provided on the tubular reactor 1, the gas outlet being a part of the discharge port 102, and the tail gas treatment device 6 may be connected to the gas outlet through a valve.
[0059] For example, a multi-stage filter module may be provided in the tail gas treatment device 6, for example, an alkali washing module, a water washing module, etc. may be provided in the tail gas treatment device 6. The gas generated in the reaction chamber may be passed through the alkali washing module and the water washing module in sequence, so as to purify the gas generated in the reactor, and the purified tail gas may be discharged into the air after being inspected and qualified.
[0060] In the above embodiment, since the exhaust gas treatment device 6 is provided in the processing device, the gas generated in the reaction chamber can be purified by the exhaust gas treatment device 6, so that the gas generated in the reaction chamber can meet the emission standard, which is beneficial to reduce the impact on the environment.
[0061] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes a gas-liquid separation device 9, which is connected to the reaction chamber, and the tail gas treatment device 6 is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 9, and the gas-liquid separation device 9 is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the reaction chamber into liquid and gas.
[0062] In an embodiment of the present application, a gas-liquid separation device 9 can be set between the tubular reactor 1 and the exhaust gas treatment device 6, and the gas-liquid separation device 9 is connected to the discharge port 102 of the tubular reactor 1 so that the gas-liquid mixture generated in the reaction chamber enters the gas-liquid separation device 9, and the gas and water in the gas-liquid mixture are separated by the gas-liquid separation device 9, and then the separated gas is transported to the exhaust gas treatment device 6, and the water is transported to other treatment devices.
[0063] For example, the gas-liquid separation device 9 may be a device using gravity sedimentation, baffle separation, centrifugal separation, screen separation, ultrafiltration separation or packing separation, etc. The specific structure of the gas-liquid separation device 9 is not limited in the present embodiment.
[0064] In the above embodiment, since the tail gas treatment device 6 is connected to the tubular reactor 1 through the gas-liquid separation device 9, the gas-liquid mixture generated in the reaction chamber can be separated by the gas-liquid separation device 9, which is convenient for the tail gas treatment device 6 to treat the tail gas and also convenient for treating the generated liquid.
[0065] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the supercritical water reaction equipment further includes a water reuse device 10, which is connected to the gas-liquid separation device 9 for processing the liquid.
[0066] In an embodiment of the present application, a water reuse device 10 can be connected to the gas-liquid separation device 9 to treat the secondary wastewater generated by the reaction through the water reuse device 10, and the water reuse device 10 can be connected to the feed port 101 of the tubular reactor 1 so that the water treated by the water reuse device 10 can enter the reaction chamber and be reused.
[0067] Exemplarily, the water reuse device 10 may use a device to treat the secondary wastewater by precipitation, filtration, adsorption purification, etc. The water treated by the water reuse device 10 may be transported to the tubular reactor 1 for reuse after being tested to meet the standards.
[0068] In the above embodiment, since the gas-liquid separation device 9 is provided with a water reuse device 10, the secondary wastewater separated by the gas-liquid separation device 9 can be treated and purified by the water reuse device 10, so that the secondary wastewater can be reused, which is beneficial to reduce the demand for water.
[0069] In some possible embodiments of the present application, Figure 1 As shown, the supercritical water reaction equipment also includes an exhaust device 11, which is connected to the tail gas treatment device 6 and is used to discharge the gas treated by the multi-stage filter module.
[0070] In the embodiment of the present application, an exhaust device 11 may be provided for the tail gas treatment device 6, and the exhaust device 11 may be connected to the outlet end of the tail gas treatment device 6. For example, the exhaust device 11 may be a fan and an exhaust pipe, the air inlet of the fan may be connected to the outlet end of the tail gas treatment device 6, the exhaust pipe may be connected to the air outlet of the fan, and the exhaust pipe may be connected to the outside, and the gas treated by the multi-stage scrubbing module in the tail gas treatment device 6 may be accelerated by the fan.
[0071] In some possible embodiments of the present application, a pressurizing device and a preheating device may also be provided in the supercritical water reaction device. The pressurizing device is connected to the tubular reactor 1, so that the reaction chamber is pressurized by the pressurizing device so that the pressure in the reaction chamber reaches the supercritical pressure of water. For example, the pressurizing device may be a liquid booster pump. The preheating device has a accommodating chamber and a heating device, which can heat the water required for the reaction.
[0072] The following is a description of the use of the supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application:
[0073] Step 1: Start the pressurizing device, introduce deionized water into the reaction chamber, and use the pressurizing device to increase the pressure of the reaction chamber to 23Mpa to 25MPa, and stabilize it for a period of time to keep the equipment pressure stable.
[0074] Step 2: After the pressure in the equipment is stable, turn on the preheating device, and use a metering pump to continuously pump a certain flow of desalted water into the preheating device, and set the heating temperature of the preheating device so that the desalted water rises to a certain temperature before entering the reaction chamber.
[0075] Step 3: After the temperature of the desalted water in the preheating device has stabilized for a period of time, the heating device including the multi-stage heating modules is turned on, and the heating temperature of each heating module is set to the target value.
[0076] Step 4: After the temperature in the reaction chamber reaches the set value and stabilizes for a period of time, the reaction section of the tubular reactor gradually becomes a supercritical reaction area (an area where the critical temperature exceeds the critical temperature and the pressure is greater than the critical pressure). The heating power of each heating module is adjusted so that the temperature range of the supercritical reaction area reaches the set value.
[0077] Step 5: After the temperature range of the supercritical reaction area reaches the target value of the minimum temperature required for processing the material, start pumping in a certain flow of the material to be processed for reaction. After the reaction starts, the feed flow of the material needs to be calibrated and adjusted. This is one of the key factors to achieve precise temperature control in the supercritical reaction area because the reaction heat released under different feed flow rates needs to be controlled and adjusted accordingly.
[0078] Step 6: Set the reaction temperature of each heating section in the reaction chamber, and adjust the heating power of each heating module to regulate and control the supercritical reaction area to ensure system stability. The temperature setting and power adjustment of the multi-stage heating module are also one of the key factors to achieve precise temperature control in the supercritical reaction area.
[0079] Step 7: Turn on the cooling device while turning on the heating device to absorb the heat generated by the reaction through the cooling device to stabilize the temperature of the reaction system. The coolant flow regulation of the cooling device is also one of the key factors to achieve precise temperature control in the supercritical reaction area.
[0080] Step 8: Start the gas-liquid separation device, tail gas treatment device and salt discharge device. The reaction gas product is discharged after washing and high-efficiency filtration. The liquid is recovered after purification, and the solid waste salt residue is collected and stored.
[0081] The following describes the process control data and the like for treating different materials to be treated using the supercritical water reaction equipment provided in the embodiment of the present application.
[0082] Reference Figure 3 , Figure 3 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 1 When the pressure of the supercritical water reaction equipment is 25MPa, the flow rate of desalted water is 18L / h, the total flow rate of cooling water in the cooling device is 1L / h, the temperature of the preheating device is 462℃, and the heating temperature of the heating device of the tubular reactor is set to the range of 750℃ to 850℃, Figure 3 As shown, the temperature of the supercritical reaction area is controlled in the first four sections, the temperature of the first section is 403°C and 401°C, the temperature of the second section is 449°C and 449°C, the temperature of the third section is 420°C and 426°C, and the temperature of the fourth section is 386°C and 393°C. The temperature of the cooling section of the tubular reactor is 346°C and 341°C, 327°C and 327°C, 317°C and 316°C, 318°C and 299°C, 313°C and 313°C, 308°C and 307°C, respectively. The cooling section is in the subcritical zone. Under this condition, the temperature range of the supercritical reaction zone is between 380°C and 450°C, which is suitable for processing organic matter with low calorific value and easy to decompose.
[0083] Reference Figure 4 , Figure 4 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 2 When the pressure of the supercritical water reaction equipment is 24.5MPa, the flow rate of desalted water is 17L / h, the total flow rate of cooling water in the cooling device is 1L / h, the temperature of the preheating device is 419℃, and the heating temperature of the heating device of the tubular reactor is set to the range of 800℃ to 900℃, Figure 4 As shown, the temperature of the supercritical reaction area is controlled in the first five sections, the temperatures of the first section are 399°C and 396°C, the temperatures of the second section are 505°C and 499°C, the temperatures of the third section are 536°C and 537°C, the temperatures of the fourth section are 486°C and 492°C, and the temperatures of the fifth section are 405°C and 399°C. The temperatures of the cooling section of the tubular reactor are sections 6 to 10, with temperatures of 351°C and 360°C, 325°C and 319°C, 320°C and 307°C, 316°C and 315°C, 314°C and 311°C, and the cooling section is in the subcritical zone. Under this condition, the temperature range of the supercritical reaction zone is between 390°C and 540°C, which is suitable for processing organic matter with large calorific value and easy to decompose.
[0084] Reference Figure 5 , Figure 5 The supercritical reaction zone temperature provided in the embodiment of the present application is shown in FIG. Figure 3 When the pressure of the supercritical water reaction equipment is 24.8MPa, the flow rate of desalted water is 17L / h, the flow rate of cooling water in the cooling device is 0.5L / h, the temperature of the preheating device is 338℃, and the heating temperature of the heating device of the tubular reactor is set to the range of 550℃ to 950℃, Figure 5 As shown, the supercritical reaction area is controlled to be the first six sections, the temperature of the first section is 611°C and 615°C, the temperature of the second section is 602°C and 606°C, the temperature of the third section is 597°C and 599°C, the temperature of the fourth section is 605°C and 606°C, the temperature of the fifth section is 449°C and 474°C, and the temperature of the sixth section is 387°C and 386°C. The temperature of the cooling section of the tubular reactor is 7th to 10th section, the temperature is 369°C and 358°C, 358°C and 351°C, 341°C and 340°C, 327°C and 327°C, and the cooling section is in the subcritical zone. Under this condition, the temperature range of the supercritical reaction interval is between 385-615°C, which is suitable for processing organic matter with large calorific value and difficult to decompose.
[0085] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made using the contents of the present application specification and drawings, or directly or indirectly applied in other related technical fields, are also included in the patent protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A supercritical water reaction device, characterized in that: include: A tubular reactor, wherein the tubular reactor has a feed inlet and a discharge outlet, and a reaction chamber is provided between the feed inlet and the discharge outlet; A temperature control device, which is arranged outside the tubular reactor and is used to control the temperature in the reaction chamber; A feeding device, connected to the feeding port, for conveying materials to the reaction chamber; A processing device, connected to the discharge port, for processing a product formed by the material in the reaction chamber; A control system, wherein the control system is electrically connected to the temperature control device, the feeding device and the processing device respectively, and the control system is used to control the operation of the supercritical water reaction equipment.
2. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature control device includes a heating device and a cooling device. Along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, the heating device is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor close to the feed port, and the cooling device is arranged at one end of the tubular reactor close to the discharge port.
3. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The heating device comprises a plurality of heating modules, and the plurality of heating modules are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, and each heating module can independently control the heating temperature.
4. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cooling device comprises a plurality of cooling modules. The plurality of cooling modules are sequentially arranged on the tubular reactor along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, and each of the cooling modules can be independently controlled.
5. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a plurality of detection components, which are sequentially arranged in the tubular reactor at intervals along the direction from the feed port to the discharge port, and the detection components are used to detect the temperature in the reaction chamber.
6. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device includes a salt discharge device, which is connected to the tubular reactor and connected to the reaction chamber through a first controller, and the first controller is used to connect or disconnect the passage between the reaction chamber and the salt discharge device.
7. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device comprises a tail gas processing device, the tail gas processing device is connected to the tubular reactor, and the tail gas processing device comprises a multi-stage filter washing module.
8. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a gas-liquid separation device, which is communicated with the reaction chamber, and the tail gas treatment device is connected to the gas-liquid separation device, and the gas-liquid separation device is used to separate the gas-liquid mixture discharged from the reaction chamber into liquid and gas.
9. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes a water reuse device, which is connected to the gas-liquid separation device and is used to process the liquid.
10. The supercritical water reaction equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes an exhaust device, which is connected to the tail gas treatment device and is used to discharge the gas treated by the multi-stage filter scrubbing module.