Grinding device for preparing sodium ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material

Abstract

The invention discloses a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material of a sodium-ion battery, and belongs to the field of preparation of hard carbon negative electrode materials. A grinding device for preparing a sodium ion battery hard carbon negative electrode material comprises a machine shell, a material storage box is arranged on the lower portion in the machine shell, the material storage box is provided with a first opening and a surrounding plate matched with the first opening, a crushing box is installed on the upper portion in the machine shell in a sliding mode, an air inlet hole is formed in the crushing box, and a crushing assembly and a driving assembly are installed in the crushing box; a corrugated sleeve is fixedly connected between the surrounding plate and the crushing box, the sealing cylinder is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the machine shell, and the crushing box is connected into the sealing cylinder in a sliding mode through a piston mechanism. A gas tank and a gas rod are fixedly installed on the hollow shaft, the sealing cylinder and the piston mechanism are matched with the gas path system, it is ensured that the whole crushing and grinding process is conducted in the inert gas atmosphere, material oxidation is prevented, the gas tank introduces inert gas into the hollow shaft through a pump body, and smooth discharging of the materials subjected to secondary grinding is assisted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hard carbon negative electrode material preparation, and in particular to a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery. Background Art

[0002] As the global demand for sustainable energy solutions continues to grow, the development of efficient and economical energy storage systems has become a key research direction in scientific research and industry. As one of the most successful commercial energy storage devices, lithium-ion batteries have dominated consumer electronics, electric vehicles, and grid-level energy storage applications. However, due to the scarcity and uneven geographical distribution of lithium resources, their costs are gradually rising. There are also supply chain risks. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore alternative energy storage technologies.

[0003] As a potential alternative, sodium-ion batteries have attracted widespread attention due to their abundant raw materials and low cost. Sodium and lithium are both alkali metal elements with similar physical and chemical properties, making sodium-ion batteries an effective substitute for lithium-ion batteries in some application scenarios. Although the energy density of sodium-ion batteries is relatively low, they still show broad application prospects in large-scale energy storage, low-speed electric vehicles and other fields.

[0004] In sodium-ion batteries, the selection of negative electrode materials is crucial. Hard carbon, as a commonly used negative electrode material, has the advantages of stable structure and good cycle performance. It is a special carbon material formed by high-temperature treatment of amorphous carbon. It contains abundant micropores and defect sites, which are conducive to the embedding and extraction of sodium ions, thereby improving the battery's charge and discharge efficiency and cycle stability.

[0005] However, the preparation process of hard carbon negative electrode materials is complicated and requires multiple steps, including raw material pretreatment, crushing, ball milling, mixing, molding and other steps. However, grinding in an air environment can easily lead to surface oxidation of the material and reduce the utilization rate of the active substance. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that grinding in an air environment easily leads to surface oxidation of the material and reduces the utilization rate of the active material, and a grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries is proposed.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries comprises a casing, a material storage box is arranged at the lower part of the casing, the material storage box has a first opening and a surrounding plate adapted to the first opening, a crushing box is slidably installed at the upper part of the casing, an air inlet is opened on the crushing box, a crushing assembly for grinding base materials and a driving assembly for driving the crushing assembly to reciprocate are installed in the crushing box, a corrugated sleeve is fixedly connected between the surrounding plate and the crushing box, and further comprises: a sealing cylinder fixedly installed on the inner wall of the casing, the crushing box is slidably connected to the sealing cylinder through a piston mechanism; an air path system is arranged below the crushing box, the output end is sealedly connected to the sealing cylinder, and the input end is connected to an air source through a hose; a hollow shaft coaxially arranged with the crushing assembly, which is rotated by the crushing assembly, an air box and an air rod are fixedly installed on the hollow shaft, and the air box, hollow shaft and air rod are connected to each other.

[0009] In order to ensure effective filling of the protective gas while maintaining the safety of the system, preferably, the gas circuit system includes an annular air chamber fixedly installed below the crushing box and coaxial with the hollow shaft, and an L-shaped air pipe is fixedly connected between the annular air chamber and the sealing cylinder.

[0010] In order to prevent finer materials from adhering to the inner wall, the air box further includes a first box body fixedly mounted on the material storage box, a pump body is installed in the first box body, a return pipe is connected between the first box body and the annular air chamber, and a second box body fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft, a sealing tube is fixedly connected between the second box body and the first box body, a sealing plate is connected to the inside of the second box body through an elastic member, and the sealing plate is connected to the crushing assembly.

[0011] In order to increase the chance of contact with the material and improve the grinding efficiency and uniformity, the crushing assembly further includes a hollow worm rotatably mounted on the crushing box, one end of the hollow worm is coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft, the other end of the hollow worm is externally connected to a motor and a hollow sleeve, which is coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft, an L-shaped connecting rod is fixedly mounted on the outer edge surface of the hollow sleeve, a symmetrically arranged blade is fixedly mounted on one end of the L-shaped connecting rod away from the hollow sleeve, a ball mill is arranged below the L-shaped connecting rod, and a pull rope is fixedly connected between the ball mill and the L-shaped connecting rod; wherein, the hollow sleeve abuts against the sealing plate.

[0012] In order to improve processing efficiency and uniformity while also driving intermittent blowing of gas, further, the driving assembly includes a worm wheel meshingly connected to the hollow worm, eccentric wheels are coaxially installed on both sides of the worm wheel, a U-shaped clamp arm is rotatably installed on the hollow sleeve, and a transmission rod is installed between the U-shaped clamp arm and the eccentric wheel.

[0013] In order to keep the inner wall of the crushing box clean, preferably, a scraper is slidably installed in the crushing box, a support seat is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the enclosure, and a support rod is fixedly connected between the scraper and the support seat.

[0014] In order to perform secondary grinding of the material, preferably, a knife plate is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft, the edge of the knife plate is serrated, and the inner wall of the first opening has a notch adapted to the edge of the knife plate; wherein a first wedge block is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft, a second wedge block is mounted on the bottom of the crushing box, and the first wedge block abuts against the inclined surface of the second wedge block.

[0015] In order to drive the conveying auger to rotate synchronously and realize continuous conveying of materials, a material discharge base is further installed in the material storage box through an elastic member, and the cross-section of the material discharge base is funnel-shaped. The lowest end of the material discharge base has a material discharge port and a conveying auger installed in the material discharge port, and the output shaft of the conveying auger has square grooves arranged equidistantly, and the end of the hollow shaft close to the conveying auger has a protrusion that is compatible with the square groove.

[0016] In order to ensure that the quality and performance of the materials are not affected by the external environment, further, connecting ears are fixedly installed on both ends of the unloading base, and sliding grooves compatible with the connecting ears are opened on both sides of the storage box. A connecting arm is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the crushing box through a bearing, and the end of the connecting arm away from the crushing box is hook-shaped. When the connecting arm contacts the connecting ear, the connecting arm rotates along the bearing.

[0017] In order to automatically load and reset, further, a U-shaped push rod is slidably installed on the casing, a loading rod is installed on the U-shaped push rod, a loading box is installed on the loading rod, a second opening matched with the loading box is opened on the crushing box, and a cylinder is fixedly installed on the casing, and the output end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod; wherein, the loading rod includes a first rod body fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod and a second rod body rotatably connected to the first rod body, a guide groove is opened on the second rod body, and a sliding pin matched with the guide groove is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second opening.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, the sealing cylinder and the piston mechanism cooperate with the gas path system to ensure that the entire crushing and grinding process is carried out under an inert gas atmosphere to prevent oxidation of the material. The gas box introduces the inert gas into the hollow shaft through the pump body to assist in the smooth discharge of the material after secondary grinding;

[0020] 2. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries has a scraper that slides with the movement of the crushing box, effectively cleaning the attached materials on the inner wall of the crushing box, keeping the inner wall clean, and promoting the smooth flow and uniform distribution of the materials;

[0021] 3. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries starts the cylinder to push the U-shaped push rod, driving the feeding rod to move forward, and at the same time pushes the connecting arm to release the connecting ear, so that the unloading base is reset to prepare to receive the material, and the loading and unloading systems are automatically linked. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed by the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed in the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a plate of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage structure of a crushing component and a driving component of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a crushing box of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the gas box structure of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a feeding rod of a grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 A grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery proposed by the present invention Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure in the middle.

[0030] In the figure: 1, housing; 101, sealing cylinder; 102, exhaust hole;

[0031] 2. material storage box; 201. first opening; 202. enclosure; 203. chute; 204. second spring;

[0032] 3. Crushing box; 301. Air inlet; 302. Second opening; 303. Sliding pin; 304. Connecting block;

[0033] 4. Crushing assembly; 401. Hollow worm; 402. Hollow sleeve; 403. L-shaped connecting rod; 404. Blade; 405. Ball mill; 406. Pull rope; 407. Motor;

[0034] 5. driving assembly; 501. worm gear; 502. eccentric wheel; 503. U-shaped clamp arm; 504. transmission rod;

[0035] 6. Corrugated sleeve;

[0036] 7. Piston mechanism; 701. Piston plate; 702. Piston rod

[0037] 8. Gas path system; 801. Annular gas chamber; 802. L-shaped gas pipe;

[0038] 9. Hollow shaft; 901. Protrusion;

[0039] 10. air box; 1001. first box body; 1002. pump body; 1003. return pipe; 1004. second box body; 1005. sealing plate; 1006. first spring; 1007. sealing pipe;

[0040] 11. gas rod; 12. scraper; 13. support seat; 14. support rod; 15. knife plate; 16. first wedge block; 17. second wedge block;

[0041] 18. Feeding base; 1801. Feeding port; 1802. Conveying auger; 1803. Square trough;

[0042] 19. Connecting ear; 20. Connecting arm; 21. U-shaped push rod;

[0043] 22. Feeding rod; 2201. First rod body; 2202. Second rod body; 2203. Guide groove;

[0044] 23. Feeding box; 24. Cylinder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0046] In the description of the present invention, it is necessary to understand that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

[0047] Example:

[0048] Reference Figure 1-8 A grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries comprises a casing 1, a material storage box 2 is arranged at the lower part of the casing 1, the material storage box 2 has a first opening 201 and a surrounding plate 202 adapted to the first opening 201, a crushing box 3 is slidably installed at the upper part of the casing 1, the bottom of the crushing box 3 has a material hole through which the crushed basic material can pass, the crushing box 3 is provided with an air inlet 301, a crushing assembly 4 for grinding the basic material and a driving assembly 5 for driving the crushing assembly 4 to reciprocate are installed in the crushing box 3, a corrugated sleeve 6 is fixedly connected between the surrounding plate 202 and the crushing box 3, and further comprises: a sealing cylinder 101 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the casing 1, the crushing box 3 is slidably connected to the sealing cylinder 101 through a piston mechanism 7, it should be noted that the piston mechanism 7 includes a piston mechanism 7 slidably installed in the sealing cylinder 101 The piston plate 701 is fixedly mounted with a connecting block 304 on the outer wall of the crushing box 3, and a piston rod 702 is fixedly connected between the connecting block 304 and the piston plate 701. When external gas injects compressed inert gas into the sealing cylinder 101, as the internal pressure of the sealing cylinder 101 increases, the piston plate 701 is pushed upward and slides upward along the sealing cylinder 101. Since the piston plate 701 is connected to the crushing box 3 through the piston rod 702, the crushing box 3 will also rise accordingly; the air path system 8 is arranged below the crushing box 3, the output end is sealed and connected to the sealing cylinder 101, and the input end is connected to an external air source through a hose; the hollow shaft 9 coaxially arranged with the crushing component 4 is rotated by the crushing component 4, and an air box 10 and an air rod 11 are fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft 9, and the air box 10, the hollow shaft 9 and the air rod 11 are connected to each other.

[0049] It should be noted that the sealing cylinder 101 is also provided with an exhaust hole 102 which is connected with the air inlet hole 301. When the crushing box 3 rises in the sealing cylinder 101 under the action of gas pressurization, the air inlet hole 301 is exposed, and a one-way valve is installed in the air inlet hole 301, allowing air flow to enter the crushing box 3 from the inside of the sealing cylinder 101 without reverse flow.

[0050] When the grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries is in a stationary state, the crushing box 3 is located at the bottom of the sealing cylinder 101. At this time, the air inlet 301 is covered to prevent gas from entering. The gas circuit system 8 is started to inject compressed inert gas, such as nitrogen or argon, into the sealing cylinder 101. As the pressure increases, the crushing box 3 is pushed upward and slides upward along the sealing cylinder 101. At this time, the corrugated sleeve 6 ensures the sealing and flexibility between the crushing box 3 and the storage box 2 during the movement. When the crushing box 3 rises to a certain height, the air inlet 301 is exposed to the sealing cylinder 101. In addition, the one-way valve is opened to allow external inert gas to flow into the crushing box 3 to reduce the chance of material contact with air and prevent surface oxidation. At the same time, the driving component 5 drives the crushing component 4 to reciprocate to perform preliminary grinding of the input basic material. The ground and crushed material gradually falls into the storage box 2 below through the material hole for secondary grinding. The two-stage grinding method helps to improve the grinding efficiency and uniformity. After the preliminary grinding is completed, the air box 10 introduces the inert gas in the sealing tube 101 into the hollow shaft 9 to assist in the smooth discharge of the material after the secondary grinding, reduce residue and improve production efficiency.

[0051] Reference Figure 5 In order to ensure effective filling of the protective gas while maintaining the safety of the system, preferably, the gas circuit system 8 includes an annular air chamber 801 fixedly installed below the crushing box 3 and coaxial with the hollow shaft 9, and an L-shaped air pipe 802 is fixedly connected between the annular air chamber 801 and the sealing cylinder 101.

[0052] It should be noted that a pressure relief valve is installed on the top of the crushing box 3. Once the internal pressure exceeds the set safety threshold, the pressure relief valve will automatically open to release excess pressure to avoid danger.

[0053] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the gas circuit system 8 is started, the compressed inert gas provided by the external gas source is first introduced into the annular gas chamber 801, and the L-shaped gas pipe 802 guides the gas flowing out of the annular gas chamber 801 into the sealing cylinder 101, thereby pushing the piston plate 701 to rise and driving the crushing box 3 to move smoothly. As the pressure in the sealing cylinder 101 increases, if it exceeds the set safety threshold, the pressure relief valve on the top of the crushing box 3 will automatically open to release excess pressure to ensure safe operation.

[0054] Reference Figure 5 and Figure 6During the secondary grinding process, finer materials tend to adhere to the inner wall. Preferably, the air box 10 includes a first box body 1001 fixedly mounted on the storage box 2, a pump body 1002 is installed in the first box body 1001, a return pipe 1003 is connected between the first box body 1001 and the annular air chamber 801, and a second box body 1004 fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft 9, a sealing tube 1007 is fixedly connected between the second box body 1004 and the first box body 1001, and a sealing plate 1005 is connected to the inside of the second box body 1004 through an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is preferably a first spring 1006, which can automatically adjust its position when the crushing component 4 is working, and the sealing plate 1005 is connected to the crushing component 4.

[0055] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the device is running, the pump body 1002 is started to pump the gas in the sealing tube 101 to the first box body 1001 for storage. As the secondary crushing and grinding process proceeds, the crushing component 4 intermittently squeezes the sealing plate 1005 through the driving component 5, so that the inert gas enters the hollow shaft 9 through the path of the first box body 1001, the sealing tube 1007, and the second box body 1004, and then is discharged from the gas rod 11, which can not only ensure the protective atmosphere required in the preparation process of the hard carbon negative electrode material of the sodium ion battery, but also discharge the finer materials.

[0056] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5 Preferably, the crushing assembly 4 includes a hollow worm 401 rotatably mounted on the crushing box 3, one end of the hollow worm 401 is coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft 9, the other end of the hollow worm 401 is externally connected to a motor 407, and a hollow sleeve 402, which is coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft 9, an L-shaped connecting rod 403 is fixedly mounted on the outer edge surface of the hollow sleeve 402, and a symmetrically arranged blade 404 is fixedly mounted on one end of the L-shaped connecting rod 403 away from the hollow sleeve 402, a ball mill 405 is arranged below the L-shaped connecting rod 403, and a pull rope 406 is fixedly connected between the ball mill 405 and the L-shaped connecting rod 403; wherein the hollow sleeve 402 abuts against the sealing plate 1005.

[0057] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the motor 407 is started, it drives the hollow worm 401 to rotate, thereby rotating the hollow sleeve 402 and all the components thereon together. With the high-speed rotation of the L-shaped connecting rod 403 and the blade 404, large pieces of material are quickly cut and crushed into smaller particles. The crushed material continues to be acted on by the ball mill 405. Due to the presence of the pull rope 406, the ball mill 405 can swing freely within a certain range, increasing the chance of contact with the material, thereby improving the grinding efficiency and uniformity.

[0058] Reference Figure 4Preferably, the driving assembly 5 includes a worm wheel 501 meshingly connected to the hollow worm 401, eccentric wheels 502 are coaxially installed on both sides of the worm wheel 501, a U-shaped clamp arm 503 is rotatably installed on the hollow sleeve 402, and a transmission rod 504 is installed between the U-shaped clamp arm 503 and the eccentric wheel 502.

[0059] Through the arrangement of the above structure, after the motor 407 is started, the hollow worm 401 is driven to rotate, thereby driving the worm wheel 501 meshing therewith to rotate synchronously. As the worm wheel 501 rotates, the eccentric wheel 502 also starts to rotate. Due to the design characteristics of the eccentric wheel 502, it will have a periodic up and down displacement change during the rotation process. The rotational motion of the eccentric wheel 502 is transmitted to the U-shaped clamp arm 503 through the transmission rod 504. The U-shaped clamp arm 503 swings due to the push of the transmission rod 504. This swinging action causes the hollow sleeve 402 fixed thereon to reciprocate, which helps to crush and grind materials more efficiently and improve processing efficiency and uniformity.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 A scraper 12 is slidably installed in the crushing box 3, a support seat 13 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the enclosure 202, and a support rod 14 is fixedly connected between the scraper 12 and the support seat 13.

[0061] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the crushing assembly 4 is working, the material is quickly cut and ground into smaller particles. In this process, some materials may adhere to the inner wall of the crushing box 3, affecting the fluidity and uniformity of the material. As the gas in the sealing cylinder 101 is lost, the crushing box 3 descends, and the corrugated sleeve 6 contracts, resulting in a decrease in the distance between the enclosure 202 and the crushing box 3. Therefore, the scraper 12 slides with the movement of the crushing box 3, effectively cleaning up these attached materials, keeping the inner wall of the crushing box 3 clean, and promoting the smooth flow and uniform distribution of the material.

[0062] When the crushing box 3 is raised again by the gas, the scraper 12 is reset.

[0063] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 A knife plate 15 is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft 9, and the edge of the knife plate 15 is serrated. The inner wall of the first opening 201 has a notch that matches the edge of the knife plate 15; wherein, a first wedge block 16 is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft 9, and a second wedge block 17 is mounted at the bottom of the crushing box 3, and the first wedge block 16 abuts against the inclined surface of the second wedge block 17.

[0064] Through the arrangement of the above structure, when the motor 407 drives the hollow worm 401 to rotate, the hollow shaft 9 also rotates, and the knife plate 15 fixed on the hollow shaft 9 rotates accordingly, and its serrated edge can effectively cut and crush the material entering the storage box 2, forming secondary grinding. As the hollow shaft 9 rotates and the crushing box 3 descends, the inclined surfaces of the first wedge block 16 and the second wedge block 17 contact and interact with each other, producing an effect similar to "push and pull", causing a small vibration or displacement of the crushing box 3, further promoting the crushed material to fall smoothly from the crushing box 3 to the storage box 2, reducing residue.

[0065] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 6 A material discharge base 18 is installed in the material storage box 2 through an elastic member, wherein the elastic member is preferably a second spring 204, the cross-section of the material discharge base 18 is funnel-shaped, the lowest end of the material discharge base 18 has a material discharge port 1801 and a conveying auger 1802 installed in the material discharge port 1801, the output shaft of the conveying auger 1802 has square grooves 1803 arranged equidistantly, and the end of the hollow shaft 9 close to the conveying auger 1802 has a protrusion 901 adapted to the square groove 1803.

[0066] Through the arrangement of the above-mentioned structure, the material after secondary crushing and grinding falls into the discharge base 18 in the storage box 2. The funnel-shaped design of the discharge base 18 allows the material to naturally concentrate at the lowest point of the discharge port 1801. When the motor 407 drives the hollow shaft 9 to rotate, the protrusion 901 on the hollow shaft 9 engages with the square groove 1803 on the conveying auger 1802, thereby driving the conveying auger 1802 to rotate synchronously to achieve continuous transportation of the material. The inert gas enters the hollow shaft 9 through the path of the first box body 1001, the sealing tube 1007, and the second box body 1004, and then is discharged from the gas rod 11 to prevent the material from adhering to the inner wall.

[0067] Furthermore, connecting ears 19 are fixedly installed at both ends of the unloading base 18, and sliding grooves 203 compatible with the connecting ears 19 are opened on both sides of the storage box 2. A connecting arm 20 is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the crushing box 3 through a bearing. The end of the connecting arm 20 away from the crushing box 3 is hook-shaped. When the connecting arm 20 contacts the connecting ear 19, the connecting arm 20 rotates along the bearing.

[0068] With the arrangement of the above structure, when the crushing box 3 descends, the connecting arm 20 and the connecting ear 19, the hook portion of which hooks the connecting ear 19, when the gas path system 8 injects compressed inert gas into the sealing tube 101, as the pressure increases, the crushing box 3 is thrust upward and slides upward along the sealing tube 101, and the unloading base 18 rises along with the rise of the crushing box 3 until the output shaft of the conveying auger 1802 contacts the hollow shaft 9. In this way, after the secondary crushing, the material will not be discharged directly from the conveying auger 1802, but will be continuously protected in the inert gas to prevent the material from oxidation, thereby ensuring that the quality and performance of the material are not affected by the external environment.

[0069] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 7 A U-shaped push rod 21 is slidably installed on the casing 1, a feeding rod 22 is installed on the U-shaped push rod 21, a feeding box 23 is installed on the feeding rod 22, a second opening 302 adapted to the feeding box 23 is opened on the crushing box 3, a cylinder 24 is fixedly installed on the casing 1, and the output end of the cylinder 24 is fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod 21; wherein, the feeding rod 22 includes a first rod body 2201 fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod 21 and a second rod body 2202 rotatably connected to the first rod body 2201, a guide groove 2203 is opened on the second rod body 2202, and a sliding pin 303 adapted to the guide groove 2203 is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second opening 302.

[0070] When the material is in the crushing box 3, the U-shaped push rod 21 is in the state of being away from the crushing box 3, waiting for the start command. When the system receives the loading command, the cylinder 24 is started, and its output end pushes the U-shaped push rod 21 to move in the direction of the crushing box 3. As the U-shaped push rod 21 moves, the loading rod 22 and the loading box 23 at its end are also pushed forward. During the pushing process, the guide groove 2203 on the second rod body 2202 slides along the sliding pin 303 to ensure that the loading rod 22 can accurately align with the second opening 302 on the crushing box 3. When the loading box 23 extends into the second opening 302, the cooperation between the guide groove 2203 and the sliding pin 303 causes the second rod body 2202 to rotate, and the material is poured into the crushing box 3 to start the subsequent crushing and grinding process. At the same time, the U-shaped push rod 21 pushes the connecting arm 20 to release the connecting ear 19 during the forward movement, and the unloading base 18 is reset under the drive of the second spring 204.

[0071] Working principle:

[0072] 1. Initial state

[0073] The crushing box 3 is located at the bottom of the sealing cylinder 101, and the air inlet 301 is covered to prevent the gas from entering;

[0074] The unloading base 18 in the material storage box 2 is kept in the initial position by the second spring 204, and the loading box 23 is pre-filled with the material to be processed and placed at the end of the loading rod 22;

[0075] 2. Gas management and protective atmosphere

[0076] The gas circuit system 8 is started, and the compressed inert gas provided by the external gas source is first introduced into the annular gas chamber 801, and then guided to the sealing cylinder 101 through the L-shaped gas pipe 802, pushing the piston plate 701 up, and driving the crushing box 3 to move smoothly;

[0077] As the pressure in the sealing cylinder 101 increases, the air inlet 301 is exposed, and the one-way valve opens, allowing the external inert gas to flow into the crushing box 3, reducing the chance of the material contacting the air and preventing surface oxidation;

[0078] 3. Automatic feeding process

[0079] The cylinder 24 is started, and its output end pushes the U-shaped push rod 21 to move toward the crushing box 3;

[0080] The loading rod 22 and the loading box 23 at the end are then pushed forward, and the guide groove 2203 slides along the sliding pin 303 to ensure that the loading rod 22 can accurately align with the second opening 302 on the crushing box 3;

[0081] When the loading box 23 extends into the second opening 302, the material is poured into the crushing box 3, and the subsequent crushing and grinding process begins;

[0082] 4. Crushing and grinding

[0083] The motor 407 is started to drive the hollow worm 401 to rotate, thereby driving the hollow sleeve 402 and all components thereon, such as the L-shaped connecting rod 403, the blade 404, and the ball mill 405 to rotate together;

[0084] The blade 404 rotates at high speed to quickly cut and break up the bulk material, and then the material is further refined by the ball mill 405;

[0085] The driving assembly 5 includes a worm gear 501, an eccentric wheel 502, a U-shaped clamp arm 503 and a transmission rod 504, which drives the crushing assembly 4 to reciprocate, thereby improving the crushing and grinding efficiency;

[0086] 5. Unloading and secondary grinding

[0087] The crushed material falls into the material discharge base 18 in the material storage box 2 through the material hole. The funnel-shaped design makes the material naturally concentrate at the lowest point of the material discharge port 1801;

[0088] The conveying auger 1802 is driven to rotate by the protrusion 901 on the hollow shaft 9 to realize continuous conveying of materials;

[0089] The first wedge block 16 interacts with the second wedge block 17 to cause a small vibration or displacement of the crushing box 3, thereby promoting the smooth falling of the material into the storage box 2;

[0090] 6.Material cleaning and equipment reset

[0091] When the crushing box 3 descends, the hook-shaped end of the connecting arm 20 hooks the connecting ear 19, and as the crushing box 3 rises, the connecting arm 20 rotates along the bearing, driving the unloading base 18 to rise with it;

[0092] The scraper 12 slides with the movement of the crushing box 3 to clean the attached materials on the inner wall of the crushing box 3, keep the inner wall clean, and promote the smooth flow of materials;

[0093] The inert gas enters the hollow shaft 9 through the first box 1001, the sealing tube 1007, and the second box 1004, and then is discharged from the gas rod 11, so as to prevent the finer materials from adhering to the inner wall of the unloading base 18;

[0094] The U-shaped push rod 21 pushes the connecting arm 20 to release the connecting ear 19 during the forward movement, and the unloading base 18 is reset under the drive of the second spring 204 .

[0095] 7. Security Measures

[0096] The pressure relief valve is installed on the top of the crushing box 3. Once the internal pressure exceeds the set safety threshold, the pressure relief valve automatically opens to release excess pressure to ensure safe operation.

[0097] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: A material storage box (2) is arranged at the lower part of the casing (1), the material storage box (2) having a first opening (201) and a shroud (202) adapted to the first opening (201), a crushing box (3) is slidably mounted at the upper part of the casing (1), the crushing box (3) is provided with an air inlet (301), a crushing assembly (4) for grinding base materials and a driving assembly (5) for driving the crushing assembly (4) to move back and forth are installed in the crushing box (3), a corrugated sleeve (6) is fixedly connected between the shroud (202) and the crushing box (3), and further comprises: A sealing cylinder (101) fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the casing (1), wherein the crushing box (3) is slidably connected to the sealing cylinder (101) via a piston mechanism (7); An air circuit system (8) is arranged below the crushing box (3), the output end of which is sealedly connected to the sealing cylinder (101), and the input end of which is connected to an external air source via a hose; A hollow shaft (9) is coaxially arranged with the crushing assembly (4) and is rotated by the crushing assembly (4). An air box (10) and an air rod (11) are fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft (9). The air box (10), the hollow shaft (9) and the air rod (11) are interconnected.

2. The grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air circuit system (8) comprises an annular air chamber (801) fixedly installed below the crushing box (3) and coaxial with the hollow shaft (9), and an L-shaped air pipe (802) is fixedly connected between the annular air chamber (801) and the sealing cylinder (101).

3. A grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air box (10) comprises a first box body (1001) fixedly mounted on the material storage box (2), a pump body (1002) is mounted in the first box body (1001), a return pipe (1003) is connected between the first box body (1001) and the annular air chamber (801), and A second box body (1004) is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft (9), a sealing tube (1007) is fixedly connected between the second box body (1004) and the first box body (1001), a sealing plate (1005) is connected inside the second box body (1004) via an elastic member, and the sealing plate (1005) is connected to the crushing assembly (4).

4. The grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crushing assembly (4) comprises a hollow worm (401) rotatably mounted on the crushing box (3), one end of the hollow worm (401) being coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft (9), and the other end of the hollow worm (401) being externally connected to a motor (407). and a hollow sleeve (402), which is coaxially sleeved on the hollow shaft (9), an L-shaped connecting rod (403) is fixedly mounted on the outer edge surface of the hollow sleeve (402), a symmetrically arranged blade (404) is fixedly mounted on one end of the L-shaped connecting rod (403) away from the hollow sleeve (402), a ball mill (405) is arranged below the L-shaped connecting rod (403), and a pull rope (406) is fixedly connected between the ball mill (405) and the L-shaped connecting rod (403); Wherein, the hollow sleeve (402) abuts against the sealing plate (1005).

5. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries according to claim 4, characterized in that: The driving assembly (5) comprises a worm wheel (501) meshingly connected with the hollow worm (401), eccentric wheels (502) are coaxially mounted on both sides of the worm wheel (501), a U-shaped clamp arm (503) is rotatably mounted on the hollow sleeve (402), and a transmission rod (504) is mounted between the U-shaped clamp arm (503) and the eccentric wheel (502).

6. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: A scraper (12) is slidably mounted in the crushing box (3), a support seat (13) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the enclosure (202), and a support rod (14) is fixedly connected between the scraper (12) and the support seat (13).

7. The grinding device for preparing a hard carbon negative electrode material for a sodium ion battery according to claim 1, characterized in that: A knife plate (15) is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft (9), the edge of the knife plate (15) is sawtooth-shaped, and the inner wall of the first opening (201) has a notch that matches the edge of the knife plate (15); A first wedge block (16) is fixedly mounted on the hollow shaft (9), a second wedge block (17) is mounted on the bottom of the crushing box (3), and the inclined surfaces of the first wedge block (16) and the second wedge block (17) are in contact with each other.

8. The grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that: A material discharge base (18) is installed in the material storage box (2) through an elastic member, and the cross-section of the material discharge base (18) is funnel-shaped. The lowest end of the material discharge base (18) has a material discharge port (1801) and a conveying auger (1802) installed in the material discharge port (1801). The output shaft of the conveying auger (1802) has square grooves (1803) arranged at equal distances, and the end of the hollow shaft (9) close to the conveying auger (1802) has a protrusion (901) adapted to the square groove (1803).

9. A grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries according to claim 8, characterized in that: Connecting ears (19) are fixedly installed at both ends of the unloading base (18), and sliding grooves (203) adapted to the connecting ears (19) are opened on both sides of the material storage box (2). A connecting arm (20) is rotatably installed on the outer wall of the crushing box (3) through a bearing, and the end of the connecting arm (20) away from the crushing box (3) is hook-shaped. When the connecting arm (20) contacts the connecting ear (19), the connecting arm (20) rotates along the bearing.

10. A grinding device for preparing hard carbon negative electrode materials for sodium ion batteries according to claim 9, characterized in that: A U-shaped push rod (21) is slidably mounted on the casing (1), a loading rod (22) is mounted on the U-shaped push rod (21), a loading box (23) is mounted on the loading rod (22), a second opening (302) adapted to the loading box (23) is provided on the crushing box (3), a cylinder (24) is fixedly mounted on the casing (1), and an output end of the cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod (21); Wherein, the loading rod (22) includes a first rod body (2201) fixedly connected to the U-shaped push rod (21) and a second rod body (2202) rotatably connected to the first rod body (2201), a guide groove (2203) is provided on the second rod body (2202), and a sliding pin (303) adapted to the guide groove (2203) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the second opening (302).

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