A five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device

Abstract

This application belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining equipment, and discloses a five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, which includes a bed body, a milling unit, a workpiece installation unit, a mounting frame arranged on the top of the bed body, and a tool rest arranged on the mounting frame. A first motor for driving the tool rest to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame. A plurality of placement grooves are arranged on one side of the tool rest close to the workpiece installation unit. The cross-section of the placement groove on the side close to the center of the tool rest is in a "T" shape. A barb groove is arranged on the inner wall of the placement groove on the side close to the center of the tool rest. An installation block that is clamped with the placement groove and used for installing turning tools is arranged in the placement groove. A hook assembly for hooking with the barb groove is arranged on the installation block. A driving mechanism for driving the hook assembly to separate from the barb groove and complete the disassembly or installation of the installation block is arranged on the bed body. This application can quickly and safely replace turning tools on the basis of ensuring the machining efficiency of the equipment for workpieces.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of numerical control machining equipment, and particularly relates to a five-axis linkage turning-milling composite machining device. Background Art

[0002] Five-axis turning-milling technology is typical of multi-axis machining technology. A five-axis turning-milling center is the carrier of five-axis turning-milling technology, which generally refers to a machine tool mainly with turning functions and integrated with functions such as milling and boring, having at least three linear feed axes and two circular feed axes, and equipped with an automatic tool changer. This turning-milling composite machining center is developed on the basis of a three-axis turning center, equivalent to the combination of a turning center and a machining center. It is an advanced machining technology that integrates modern advanced control technology, precision measurement technology, and CAD / CAM application technology on the basis of traditional mechanical design technology and precision manufacturing technology.

[0003] In a Chinese patent application with the publication number CN115922446A, a five-axis turning-milling composite machining center is disclosed, which includes a machine bed. The top of the machine bed is equipped with a workpiece mounting unit that moves axially in the Z-axis and X-axis through a Z-axis drive mechanism and an X-axis drive mechanism. The workpiece spindle of the workpiece mounting unit rotates to form a C-axis for workpiece machining. The front of the column is equipped with a milling unit that moves axially in the Y-axis through a Y-axis drive mechanism. The milling spindle of the milling unit rotates to form an A-axis for milling machining. A milling tool magazine is installed on the side of the column. The multi-axis axial movement of the workpiece mounting unit and the milling unit, combined with a fixed turning tool holder, forms a five-axis turning-milling composite machining center with balanced turning and milling functions.

[0004] The above-mentioned related technologies have the following defects: When machining the same workpiece successively by a five-axis turning-milling composite machining center, multiple turning tools may be required. The types of turning tools on the turning tool holder are limited. If the turning tool holder does not have the turning tool that meets the machining requirements, the staff needs to stop the machine, thus spending a long time replacing the corresponding turning tool. The turning tool holder is relatively close to the milling unit, and there are certain safety hazards when replacing the turning tool. In addition, stopping the machine to replace the turning tool reduces the machining efficiency of the workpiece. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the related technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a five-axis linkage turning-milling composite machining device.

[0006] The above technical object of the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, including a bed body, a milling unit arranged on the top of the bed body, a workpiece mounting unit arranged on the top of the bed body and used for clamping the workpiece to be machined, a mounting frame arranged on the top of the bed body, and a turning tool holder arranged on the mounting frame. A first motor for driving the turning tool holder to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame. A plurality of placement grooves are arranged on one side of the turning tool holder close to the workpiece mounting unit. The cross-section of the placement groove on the side close to the center of the turning tool holder is in a "T" shape. A barb groove is arranged on the inner wall of the placement groove on the side close to the center of the turning tool holder. The cross-section of the barb groove is a right triangle. The inclined surface of the barb groove is on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit. The width of the barb groove decreases from the side away from the center of the turning tool holder towards the side close to the center of the turning tool holder. An installation block that is clamped and matched with the placement groove and used for installing turning tools is arranged in the placement groove. A hooking component for hooking with the barb groove is arranged on the installation block. A driving mechanism for driving the hooking component to separate from the barb groove and completing the disassembly or installation of the installation block is arranged on the bed body.

[0007] Further, a clamping groove that is clamped and matched with the tool shank of the turning tool is arranged on the side wall of the installation block on the side close to the workpiece mounting unit. The turning tool is detachably connected to the clamping groove. A first horizontal installation hole is arranged on the side wall of the installation block on the same side as the clamping groove. A rectangular groove is arranged on the top of the installation block. A communication hole that communicates with the inner bottom wall of the rectangular groove and the inner top wall of the first horizontal installation hole is arranged in the installation block. An activity groove that communicates with the inner bottom wall of the first horizontal installation hole is also arranged in the installation block. The inner wall of the activity groove on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit is flush with the inner wall of the first horizontal installation hole on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit.

[0008] The hooking component includes a rectangular plate body fixed in the rectangular groove, a first spring fixed to the bottom of the rectangular plate body and located in the communication hole, a connecting block that is slidably matched with the inner wall of the communication hole and fixed to the lower end of the first spring, a movable plate fixed to the bottom of the connecting block and slidably matched with the activity groove, and a barb block fixed to the bottom of the movable plate and matched with the barb groove. A right trapezoidal through hole that communicates with the inner bottom wall of the activity groove and allows the barb block to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the installation block.

[0009] The driving mechanism includes a pushing component, a separating component, and a driving-away component. The pushing component includes a rectangular frame body, a second motor fixed to the side wall of the rectangular frame body close to the workpiece mounting unit, a threaded shaft fixed to the end of the output shaft of the second motor, a moving plate sleeved on the threaded shaft and threadedly connected to the threaded shaft, a rectangular sleeve fixed to the side of the moving plate away from the second motor and sleeved outside the threaded shaft, and an operating block fixed to the side of the rectangular frame body away from the second motor. Both ends of the moving plate are slidably fitted with the inner walls on both sides of the rectangular frame body. The rectangular sleeve penetrates through the side wall of the operating block close to the second motor and is slidably fitted with the operating block. A limiting groove communicating with the side wall of the operating block away from the second motor is provided at the top of the operating block. Both sides of the mounting block can be slidably fitted with the inner side walls on both sides of the limiting groove. The rectangular sleeve passes through the limiting groove. The cross-section of the top of the limiting groove is rectangular, and the cross-section of the bottom of the limiting groove is inverted "T" shaped;

[0010] The pushing component further includes a sliding plate fixed to the end of the rectangular sleeve away from the second motor and slidably fitted with the limiting groove, a first cross bar provided on the side of the sliding plate away from the second motor, and a pushing plate provided on the first cross bar. The position of the first cross bar corresponds to the position of the first horizontal mounting hole. A first abutting inclined surface is provided at the intersection between the end of the first cross bar away from the sliding plate and the top of the first cross bar. A connecting hole for the first cross bar to pass through is provided through the connecting block. A second abutting inclined surface cooperating with the first abutting inclined surface is provided at the intersection between the side wall of the connecting block close to the sliding plate and the inner top wall of the connecting hole. A retracting groove capable of being snap-fitted with the inner top wall of the connecting hole is provided at the position of the top of the first cross bar close to the first abutting inclined surface;

[0011] A first vertical T-shaped sliding groove is provided on the side wall of the sliding plate away from the second motor. A first vertical T-shaped sliding block slidably fitted with the first vertical T-shaped sliding groove is fixed to the end of the first cross bar close to the second motor. The separating component is used to drive the first vertical T-shaped sliding block to slide along the first vertical T-shaped sliding groove, so that the bottom of the barb block contracts into the right-angled trapezoidal through hole. The driving-away component is used to drive the pushing component away from the tool rest.

[0012] Further, both sides of the push plate are slidably engaged with both sides of the limit groove. A rectangular through hole for the first cross bar to pass through is provided through the position of the push plate corresponding to the first horizontal mounting hole. On the side wall of the push plate away from the tool rest, a second vertical T-shaped sliding groove communicating with the inner top wall of the rectangular through hole is provided. A second vertical T-shaped slider is slidably arranged in the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove. A second spring is fixed between the top of the second vertical T-shaped slider and the inner top wall of the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove. A bottom block is integrally formed at the bottom of the second vertical T-shaped slider. The bottom surface of the bottom block abuts against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove. An abutting component is arranged on the push plate. The abutting component drives the second vertical T-shaped slider to rise under the action of the mounting block;

[0013] On the side wall of the push plate close to the tool rest, a receiving groove is provided. An abutting block is slidably arranged in the receiving groove. A third spring is fixed between the inner wall of the receiving groove away from the tool rest and the side wall of the abutting block away from the tool rest;

[0014] The separation component includes a fixed block fixed to the top of the first cross bar and a driving rod penetrating through the fixed block and fixed to the fixed block. On the inner walls of both sides of the limit groove, lifting grooves slidably engaged with the ends of the driving rod are provided. Each lifting groove has two straight slots and an inclined connecting slot communicating with one ends of the two straight slots close to each other. The height of the straight slot closer to the second motor is less than the height of the straight slot farther from the second motor.

[0015] Further, a rubber block is fixed to the inner wall of the retraction groove away from the tool rest. The side wall of the rubber block close to the tool rest abuts against the side wall of the bottom block away from the tool rest.

[0016] Further, a second horizontal mounting hole is provided through the position of the side wall of the push plate close to the top of the rectangular through hole. The opening of the second horizontal mounting hole away from the mounting block communicates with the inner wall of the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove close to the mounting block;

[0017] The abutting component includes a second cross bar slidably engaged with the inner wall of the second horizontal mounting hole. A third horizontal mounting hole is provided through the second vertical T-shaped slider. At the intersection of the side wall of the second vertical T-shaped slider close to the tool rest and the inner top wall of the third horizontal mounting hole, a third abutting inclined surface is provided. When the bottom surface of the bottom block abuts against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove, the bottom surface of the second cross bar fits against the inner bottom wall of the third horizontal mounting hole. A fourth abutting inclined surface cooperating with the third abutting inclined surface is provided at one end of the second cross bar away from the tool rest.

[0018] Further, a sliding groove communicating with the inner top wall of the second horizontal mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the push plate away from the tool rest. The abutting component further includes a sliding block fixed to the top of the second cross bar and slidably engaged with the sliding groove.

[0019] Furthermore, the driving-away assembly includes a first guiding rod fixed to the top of the bed body, a first threaded rod rotatably installed on the top of the bed body, a third motor fixed to the top of the bed body and used for driving the first threaded rod, a driving block sleeved on the first threaded rod and threadedly connected to the first threaded rod, a first connecting rod hinged to the top of the driving block, a second connecting rod hinged to the top of the bed body, and a third connecting rod hinged to the top of the bed body and parallel to the second connecting rod. The first guiding rod penetrates through the driving block and is slidably matched with the driving block. The first threaded rod penetrates through the driving block and is threadedly connected to the driving block. One end of the first connecting rod away from the driving block is hinged to the second connecting rod. One end of the second connecting rod away from the bed body is hinged to the bottom of the operating block. One end of the third connecting rod away from the bed body is hinged to the bottom of the rectangular frame body.

[0020] Furthermore, a second threaded rod is hinged to the top of the bed body. A second guiding rod and a fourth motor for driving the second threaded rod to rotate are fixed to the top of the bed body. The second guiding rod penetrates through the mounting bracket and is slidably matched with the mounting bracket. The second threaded rod penetrates through the mounting bracket and is threadedly connected to the mounting bracket.

[0021] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] 1. This application can install and disassemble the mounting block on the tool rest when the turning-milling compound machining device is temporarily shut down. After the driving mechanism drives the mounting block away from the tool rest, the turning tool on the mounting block can be safely replaced. It changes the connection method between the tool rest and the turning tool in the traditional technology, which is beneficial to quickly replace the turning tool on the basis of ensuring the processing efficiency of the equipment for workpieces.

[0023] 2. In this application, when the mounting block is installed in the placement groove, the connecting block makes the barb block and the barb groove hooked and maintain a tight connection state under the elastic force of the first spring, ensuring the stability of the mounting block and the turning tool on the mounting block during use. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the driving-away assembly;

[0026] Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention for highlighting the operating block;

[0027] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the enlarged schematic diagram of part A in

[0028] Figure 5It is a schematic structural diagram of the tool rest for highlighting the embodiments of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of the mounting block for highlighting the embodiments of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the mounting block and the tool rest in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 is Figure 7 an enlarged view of part B in

[0032] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the mounting block is disassembled for highlighting the embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 is Figure 9 an enlarged view of part C in

[0034] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the state when the mounting block is completely disassembled and located in the limit groove for highlighting the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 is Figure 11 an enlarged view of part D in

[0036] Figure 13 It is a schematic structural diagram of the hook connection component in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0037] In the figure: 1. Bed body; 101. Milling unit; 102. Workpiece mounting unit; 103. Second threaded rod; 104. Second guide rod; 105. Fourth motor; 2. Mounting frame; 21. First motor; 3. Tool rest; 31. Placing groove; 32. Barbed groove; 33. Turning tool; 4. Mounting block; 41. Clamping groove; 42. First horizontal mounting hole; 43. Rectangular groove; 44. Communication hole; 45. Movable groove; 46. Right trapezoidal through hole; 5. Hook connection component; 51. Rectangular plate body; 52. First spring; 53. Connection block; 531. Connection hole; 532. Second abutting inclined surface; 54. Movable plate; 55. Barbed block; 6. Driving mechanism; 61. Pushing component; 611. Rectangular frame body; 612. Second motor; 613. Threaded shaft; 614. Moving plate; 615. Rectangular sleeve; 616. Operating block; 6161. Limiting groove; 6162. Lifting groove; 61621. One-word groove; 61622. Oblique connection groove; 617. Sliding plate; 6171. First vertical T-shaped sliding groove; 618. First cross bar; 6181. First vertical T-shaped sliding block; 6182. First abutting inclined surface; 6183. Retracting groove; 6184. Rubber block; 619. Pushing plate; 6191. Rectangular through hole; 6192. Second vertical T-shaped sliding groove; 6193. Second vertical T-shaped sliding block; 6194. Second spring; 6195. Bottom block; 6196. Accommodating groove; 6197. Abutting block; 6198. Third spring; 6199. Second horizontal mounting hole; 6200. Third horizontal mounting hole; 6201. Third abutting inclined surface; 6202. Sliding groove; 62. Separating component; 621. Fixed block; 622. Driving rod; 63. Driving away component; 631. First guide rod; 632. First threaded rod; 633. Third motor; 634. Driving block; 635. First connecting rod; 636. Second connecting rod; 637. Third connecting rod; 7. Abutting component; 71. Second cross bar; 711. Fourth abutting inclined surface; 72. Sliding block. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application; obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0039] As Figure 1-13As shown in the figure, an embodiment of the present application discloses a five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, including a bed 1, a mounting frame 2, a tool rest 3, a mounting block 4, a hook connection assembly 5, a driving mechanism 6, and an abutting assembly 7. A milling unit 101 and a workpiece mounting unit 102 for clamping a workpiece to be machined are provided on the top of the bed 1. The bed 1, the milling unit 101, and the workpiece mounting unit 102 are all prior arts and will not be elaborated here.

[0040] The mounting frame 2 is arranged on the top of the bed 1, the tool rest 3 is arranged on the mounting frame 2, and a first motor 21 for driving the tool rest 3 to rotate is arranged on the mounting frame 2. A plurality of placement grooves 31 are arranged on one side of the tool rest 3 close to the workpiece mounting unit 102. The cross-section of the placement groove 31 on the side close to the center of the tool rest 3 is in a "T" shape. A barb groove 32 is arranged on the inner wall of the placement groove 31 on the side close to the center of the tool rest 3. The cross-section of the barb groove 32 is in a right triangle shape, and the inclined surface of the barb groove 32 is on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit 102. The width of the barb groove 32 decreases from the side away from the center of the tool rest 3 towards the side close to the center of the tool rest 3.

[0041] The mounting block 4 is arranged in the placement groove 31 and is in snap-fit with the placement groove 31 for mounting a turning tool 33. A snap-fit groove 41 for snap-fitting with the tool shank of the turning tool 33 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting block 4 close to the workpiece mounting unit 102. The turning tool 33 is detachably connected to the snap-fit groove 41. A first horizontal mounting hole 42 is arranged on the side wall of the mounting block 4 on the same side as the snap-fit groove 41. A rectangular groove 43 is arranged on the top of the mounting block 4. A communication hole 44 communicating with the inner bottom wall of the rectangular groove 43 and the inner top wall of the first horizontal mounting hole 42 is arranged in the mounting block 4. An activity groove 45 communicating with the inner bottom wall of the first horizontal mounting hole 42 is also arranged in the mounting block 4. The inner wall of the activity groove 45 on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit 102 is flush with the inner wall of the first horizontal mounting hole 42 on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit 102.

[0042] The hook connection assembly 5 is arranged on the mounting block 4 and is used for hooking with the barb groove 32. The hook connection assembly 5 includes a rectangular plate body 51 fixed in the rectangular groove 43, a first spring 52 fixed to the bottom of the rectangular plate body 51 and located in the communication hole 44, a connection block 53 slidably matched with the inner wall of the communication hole 44 and fixed to the lower end of the first spring 52, a movable plate 54 fixed to the bottom of the connection block 53 and slidably matched with the activity groove 45, and a barb block 55 fixed to the bottom of the movable plate 54 and matched with the barb groove 32. A right trapezoidal through hole 46 communicating with the inner bottom wall of the activity groove 45 and allowing the barb block 55 to pass through is arranged at the bottom of the mounting block 4. The inclined surface of the right trapezoidal through hole 46 is parallel to the inclined surface of the barb groove 32.

[0043] The driving mechanism 6 is arranged on the bed body 1 and is used to drive the hook connection component 5 to separate from the barb groove 32, and complete the disassembly or installation of the mounting block 4. The driving mechanism 6 includes a pushing component 61, a separating component 62 and a driving-away component 63. The pushing component 61 includes a rectangular frame body 611, a second motor 612, a threaded shaft 613, a moving plate 614, a rectangular sleeve 615, an operating block 616, a sliding plate 617, a first cross bar 618 and a pushing plate 619. The rectangular frame body 611 is arranged above the bed body 1. The second motor 612 is fixed to the side wall of the rectangular frame body 611 close to the workpiece mounting unit 102. The end of the output shaft of the second motor 612 penetrates through the side wall of the rectangular frame body 611 close to the workpiece mounting unit 102 and is rotatably connected to the rectangular frame body 611. The axis of the threaded shaft 613 coincides with the axis of the output shaft of the second motor 612, and one end of the threaded shaft 613 is fixed to the end of the output shaft of the second motor 612. The side walls on both sides of the moving plate 614 are respectively in sliding fit with the inner walls on both sides of the rectangular frame body 611. The threaded shaft 613 penetrates through the moving plate 614 and is in threaded connection with the moving plate 614. One end of the rectangular sleeve 615 is fixed to the side of the moving plate 614 away from the second motor 612. The rectangular sleeve 615 is sleeved outside the threaded shaft 613. The operating block 616 is fixed to the side of the rectangular frame body 611 away from the second motor 612. The rectangular sleeve 615 penetrates through the side wall of the operating block 616 close to the second motor 612 and is in sliding fit with the operating block 616. A limiting groove 6161 communicating with the side wall of the operating block 616 away from the second motor 612 is arranged at the top of the operating block 616. Both sides of the mounting block 4 can be in sliding fit with the inner side walls on both sides of the limiting groove 6161. The rectangular sleeve 615 passes through the limiting groove 6161. The cross section of the top of the limiting groove 6161 is rectangular, and the cross section of the bottom of the limiting groove 6161 is inverted "T" shaped. The sliding plate 617 is arranged parallel to the moving plate 614. Both sides of the sliding plate 617 are respectively in sliding fit with the inner walls on both sides of the limiting groove 6161. The side wall of the sliding plate 617 close to the second motor 612 is fixed to the end of the rectangular sleeve 615 away from the second motor 612. The first cross bar 618 is arranged on the side of the sliding plate 617 away from the second motor 612. The position of the first cross bar 618 corresponds to the position of the first horizontal mounting hole 42. A first vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6171 is arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate 617 away from the second motor 612. A first vertical T-shaped sliding block 6181 in sliding fit with the first vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6171 is fixed to one end of the first cross bar 618 close to the second motor 612.

[0044] In this embodiment, at the intersection between one end of the first cross bar 618 away from the sliding plate 617 and the top of the first cross bar 618, a first abutting inclined surface 6182 is provided. A connecting hole 531 through which the first cross bar 618 passes is provided through the connecting block 53. At the intersection between the side wall of the connecting block 53 close to the sliding plate 617 and the inner top wall of the connecting hole 531, a second abutting inclined surface 532 matching with the first abutting inclined surface 6182 is provided. At a position on the top of the first cross bar 618 close to the first abutting inclined surface 6182, a retraction groove 6183 which can be in clamping fit with the inner top wall of the connecting hole 531 is provided. A push plate 619 is arranged on the first cross bar 618 and is parallel to the sliding plate 617. Both sides of the push plate 619 are in sliding fit with both sides of the limiting groove 6161. At a position corresponding to the first horizontal mounting hole 42 on the push plate 619, a rectangular through hole 6191 through which the first cross bar 618 passes is provided through. On the side wall of the push plate 619 away from the tool rest 3, a second vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6192 communicated with the inner top wall of the rectangular through hole 6191 is provided. A second vertical T-shaped sliding block 6193 is slidably arranged in the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6192. A second spring 6194 is fixed between the top of the second vertical T-shaped sliding block 6193 and the inner top wall of the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6192. A bottom block 6195 is integrally formed at the bottom of the second vertical T-shaped sliding block 6193. The bottom surface of the bottom block 6195 abuts tightly against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove 6183. A rubber block 6184 is fixed on the inner wall of the retraction groove 6183 away from the tool rest 3. The side wall of the rubber block 6184 close to the tool rest 3 abuts against the side wall of the bottom block 6195 away from the tool rest 3. On the side wall of the push plate 619 close to the tool rest 3, a receiving groove 6196 is provided. An abutting block 6197 is slidably arranged in the receiving groove 6196. A third spring 6198 is fixed between the inner wall of the receiving groove 6196 away from the tool rest 3 and the side wall of the abutting block 6197 away from the tool rest 3.

[0045] In this embodiment, a second horizontal mounting hole 6199 is penetrated through the side wall of the push plate 619 near the top of the rectangular through hole 6191. The opening of the second horizontal mounting hole 6199 on the side away from the mounting block 4 communicates with the inner wall of the second vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6192 on the side close to the mounting block 4. The abutting component 7 is arranged on the push plate 619. Under the action of the mounting block 4, the abutting component 7 drives the second vertical T-shaped slider 6193 to rise. The abutting component 7 includes a second cross bar 71 and a sliding block 72. The second cross bar 71 is horizontally arranged and is slidably matched with the inner wall of the second horizontal mounting hole 6199. A third horizontal mounting hole 6200 is penetrated through the second vertical T-shaped slider 6193. At the intersection between the side wall of the second vertical T-shaped slider 6193 close to the tool rest 3 and the inner top wall of the third horizontal mounting hole 6200, a third abutting inclined surface 6201 is arranged. When the bottom surface of the bottom block 6195 abuts against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove 6183, the bottom surface of the second cross bar 71 fits against the inner bottom wall of the third horizontal mounting hole 6200. At one end of the second cross bar 71 away from the tool rest 3, a fourth abutting inclined surface 711 is arranged which is matched with the third abutting inclined surface 6201. On the side wall of the push plate 619 away from the tool rest 3, a sliding groove 6202 communicating with the inner top wall of the second horizontal mounting hole 6199 is arranged. The bottom of the sliding block 72 is fixed to the top of the second cross bar 71, and the sliding block 72 is slidably matched with the sliding groove 6202.

[0046] The separating component 62 is used to drive the first vertical T-shaped slider 6181 to slide along the first vertical T-shaped sliding groove 6171, so that the bottom of the barb block 55 shrinks into the right trapezoidal through hole 46. The separating component 62 includes a fixing block 621 fixed to the top of the first cross bar 618 and a driving rod 622 which is penetrated through the fixing block 621 and fixed to the fixing block 621. On both inner walls of the limiting groove 6161, lifting grooves 6162 which are slidably matched with the end of the driving rod 622 are arranged. The lifting groove 6162 has two linear grooves 61621 and an inclined connecting groove 61622 which communicates with one end where the two linear grooves 61621 are close to each other. The height of the linear groove 61621 on the side close to the second motor 612 is less than the height of the linear groove 61621 on the side away from the second motor 612.

[0047] The driving-away component 63 is used to drive the pushing component 61 away from the tool rest 3. The driving-away component 63 includes a first guiding rod 631 fixed to the top of the bed body 1, a first threaded rod 632 rotatably mounted on the top of the bed body 1, a third motor 633 fixed to the top of the bed body 1 and used to drive the first threaded rod 632, a driving block 634 sleeved on the first threaded rod 632 and threadedly connected to the first threaded rod 632, a first connecting rod 635 hinged to the top of the driving block 634, a second connecting rod 636 hinged to the top of the bed body 1, and a third connecting rod 637 hinged to the top of the bed body 1 and parallel to the second connecting rod 636. The first guiding rod 631 penetrates through the driving block 634 and is in sliding fit with the driving block 634. The first threaded rod 632 penetrates through the driving block 634 and is threadedly connected to the driving block 634. One end of the first connecting rod 635 away from the driving block 634 is hinged to the second connecting rod 636. One end of the second connecting rod 636 away from the bed body 1 is hinged to the bottom of the operating block 616. One end of the third connecting rod 637 away from the bed body 1 is hinged to the bottom of the rectangular frame 611.

[0048] In this embodiment, a second threaded rod 103 is hinged to the top of the bed body 1. A second guiding rod 104 and a fourth motor 105 used to drive the second threaded rod 103 to rotate are fixed to the top of the bed body 1. The second guiding rod 104 penetrates through the mounting frame 2 and is in sliding fit with the mounting frame 2. The second threaded rod 103 penetrates through the mounting frame 2 and is threadedly connected to the mounting frame 2. The first motor 21, the second motor 612, the third motor 633, and the fourth motor 105 are all electrically connected to the control center of the five-axis linkage turning-milling composite machining device.

[0049] The working principle of a five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device in this embodiment is as follows: When the mounting block 4 is installed in the placement groove 31, the connecting block 53 makes the barb block 55 hook with the barb groove 32 and maintain a tight connection state under the elastic force of the first spring 52, ensuring the stability of the mounting block 4 and the turning tool 33 on the mounting block 4 during use. When machining the same workpiece to be machined and multiple turning tools 33 are required, the turning tools 33 on the tool rest 3 need to be disassembled. First, the staff controls the third motor 633 to work through the control center of the five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device, and makes the driving block 634 move along the first threaded rod 632 towards the side close to the tool rest 3. The first connecting rod 635 acts on the second connecting rod 636. Since the second connecting rod 636 and the third connecting rod 637 are parallel to each other, the upper end of the second connecting rod 636 is hinged to the bottom of the rotating block 616, and the upper end of the third connecting rod 637 is hinged to the bottom of the rectangular frame 611, so that the rectangular frame 611 and the rotating block 616 both swing towards the side close to the tool rest 3. When the rotating block 616 approaches the tool rest 3, the staff needs to control the first motor 21 to stop running briefly through the control center of the five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device, and control the second motor 612 to run. After the second motor 612 works, it drives the threaded shaft 613 to rotate. Since the threaded shaft 613 is threadedly connected to the moving plate 614, the rectangular sleeve 615 fixed on the moving plate 614 is sleeved outside the threaded shaft 613. The sliding plate 617 is fixed to the end of the rectangular sleeve 615 and is slidably matched with the limiting groove 6161 on the rotating block 616, so that the sliding plate 617 moves along the limiting groove 6161 towards the side close to the tool rest 3. The first cross bar 618 moves synchronously with the sliding plate 617. The second vertical T-shaped slider 6193 makes the bottom surface of the bottom block 6195 abut against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove 6183 under the elastic force of the second spring 6194, so that the push plate 619 moves synchronously with the second vertical T-shaped slider 6193. The abutting block 6197 on the push plate 619 abuts against the side of the mounting block 4 away from the tool rest 3 and compresses the third spring 6198. At the same time, the mounting block 4 pushes the end of the second cross bar 71 away from the second motor 612. When the fourth abutting inclined surface 711 abuts against the third abutting inclined surface 6201, the rubber block 6184 is slightly deformed, and the second vertical T-shaped slider 6193 rises along the second vertical T-shaped chute 6192 and compresses the second spring 6194. When the bottom surface of the bottom block 6195 rises to the height of the upper surface of the first cross bar 618, the bottom surface of the bottom block 6195 abuts tightly against the upper surface of the first cross bar 618 under the action of the second spring 6194. As the sliding plate 617 and the first cross bar 618 continue to move, the fixed block 621 moves synchronously, and the driving rod 622 moves from the inclined connecting groove 61622 to the one-word groove 61621 on the side away from the second motor 612 from the one-word groove 61621 on the side close to the second motor 612. At this time,The first vertical T-shaped slider 6181 slides upward along the first vertical T-shaped chute 6171 to lift the first crossbar 618. The sliding plate 617 and the first crossbar 618 continue to move forward. After the first abutting inclined surface 6182 abuts against the second abutting inclined surface 532, the connecting block 53 moves upward and compresses the first spring 52. The connecting block 53 drives the movable plate 54 and the barb block 55 to move upward synchronously. When the barb block 55 is completely retracted into the right trapezoidal through hole 46, the inner top wall of the connecting hole 531 of the connecting block 53 abuts tightly against the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove 6183. The staff needs to control the second motor 612 to work reversely through the control center of the five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, so that the mounting block 4 moves away from the tool rest 3 along with the first crossbar 618. After the driving rod 622 returns to the one-word groove 61621 near the second motor 612, the mounting block 4 is located in the limiting groove 6161 (at this time, the first crossbar 618 is separated from the connecting block 53, and the mounting block 4 is in a free state). The staff needs to control the first motor 21 and the third motor 633 to operate through the control center of the five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device. The first motor 21 continues to operate to continue machining the workpiece to be machined with the remaining turning tools 33 to ensure the machining efficiency of the workpiece. The third motor 633 operates to move the pushing component 61 away from the tool rest 3, so that the staff can replace the turning tools 33 on the mounting block 4, ensuring the safety during the tool replacement process. Similarly, after the turning tools 33 are replaced, the staff can complete the operation of installing the mounting block 4 in the placement groove 31 by operating the control center of the five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, thereby completing the tool replacement action of the turning tools 33.,

[0050] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and retouches should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device, comprising a bed, a milling unit arranged on the top of the bed, a workpiece mounting unit arranged on the top of the bed and used to clamp a workpiece to be processed, a mounting frame arranged on the top of the bed, and a turning tool holder arranged on the mounting frame, wherein the mounting frame is provided with a first motor for driving the turning tool holder to rotate, wherein: A plurality of placement grooves are provided on the side of the tool holder close to the workpiece mounting unit, the cross section of the placement groove close to the center of the tool holder is in a "T" shape, a barb groove is provided on the inner wall of the placement groove close to the center of the tool holder, the cross section of the barb groove is in a right triangle, the inclined surface of the barb groove is located on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit, the width of the barb groove decreases from the side away from the center of the tool holder toward the side close to the center of the tool holder, a mounting block that is engaged with the placement groove and is used to install a turning tool is provided in the placement groove, a hooking assembly for hooking with the barb groove is provided on the mounting block, and a driving mechanism for driving the hooking assembly to separate from the barb groove and complete the disassembly or installation of the mounting block is provided on the bed; A clamping groove that is clamped and matched with a tool holder of a turning tool is provided on the side wall of the mounting block close to the workpiece mounting unit, and the turning tool is detachably connected to the clamping groove. A first transverse mounting hole is provided on the side wall of the mounting block on the same side as the clamping groove. A rectangular groove is provided on the top of the mounting block. A connecting hole that is connected to the inner bottom wall of the rectangular groove and the inner top wall of the first transverse mounting hole is provided in the mounting block. A movable groove that is connected to the inner bottom wall of the first transverse mounting hole is also provided in the mounting block. The inner wall of the movable groove on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit is flush with the inner wall of the first transverse mounting hole on the side away from the workpiece mounting unit. The hook assembly includes a rectangular plate body fixed in the rectangular groove, a first spring fixed to the bottom of the rectangular plate body and located in the communicating hole, a connecting block slidingly matched with the inner wall of the communicating hole and fixed to the lower end of the first spring, a movable plate fixed to the bottom of the connecting block and slidingly matched with the movable groove, and a barb block fixed to the bottom of the movable plate and matched with the barb groove, wherein the bottom of the mounting block is provided with a right-angled trapezoidal through hole communicating with the inner bottom wall of the movable groove and for the barb block to pass through; The driving mechanism comprises a pushing component, a separating component and a driving component, the pushing component comprises a rectangular frame, a second motor fixed to the side wall of the rectangular frame on the side close to the workpiece mounting unit, a threaded shaft fixed to the end of the output shaft of the second motor, a movable plate sleeved on the threaded shaft and threadedly connected to the threaded shaft, a rectangular sleeve fixed to the side of the movable plate away from the second motor and sleeved on the outside of the threaded shaft, and an operating block fixed to the side of the rectangular frame away from the second motor, the two ends of the movable plate are respectively slidably matched with the inner walls on both sides of the rectangular frame, the rectangular sleeve passes through the side wall of the operating block close to the second motor and slidably matched with the operating block, a limiting groove is provided on the top of the operating block and is connected to the side wall of the operating block away from the second motor, the two sides of the mounting block can be slidably matched with the inner side walls on both sides of the limiting groove, the rectangular sleeve passes through the limiting groove, the cross section of the top of the limiting groove is rectangular, and the cross section of the bottom of the limiting groove is inverted "T" shape; The pushing assembly also includes a sliding plate fixed to an end of the rectangular sleeve away from the second motor and slidably matched with the limit groove, a first cross bar arranged on a side of the sliding plate away from the second motor, and a push plate arranged on the first cross bar, the position of the first cross bar corresponds to the position of the first transverse mounting hole, and a first abutment slope is arranged at the intersection between the end of the first cross bar away from the sliding plate and the top of the first cross bar. A connecting hole for the first cross bar to pass through is provided on the connecting block, and a second abutment slope matching with the first abutment slope is provided at the intersection between the side wall of the connecting block close to the sliding plate and the top wall in the connecting hole, and a retreat groove that can be snap-fitted with the top wall in the connecting hole is provided at the top of the first cross bar near the first abutment slope; A first vertical T-shaped groove is arranged on the side wall of the sliding plate away from the second motor, and a first vertical T-shaped slider which slidably cooperates with the first vertical T-shaped groove is fixed to the end of the first cross bar close to the second motor, and the separation component is used to drive the first vertical T-shaped slider to slide along the first vertical T-shaped groove so that the bottom of the barb block shrinks into the right-angled trapezoidal through hole, and the driving away component is used to drive the pushing component away from the tool holder.

2. The five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The two sides of the push plate are respectively slidably matched with the two sides of the limit groove, and the push plate is penetrated by a rectangular through hole for the first cross bar to pass through at the position corresponding to the first horizontal mounting hole, and the side wall of the push plate away from the turning tool holder is provided with a second vertical T-shaped slide groove connected with the inner top wall of the rectangular through hole, and a second vertical T-shaped slider is slidably provided in the second vertical T-shaped slide groove, and a second spring is fixed between the top of the second vertical T-shaped slide groove and the inner top wall of the second vertical T-shaped slide groove, and the bottom of the second vertical T-shaped slide groove is integrally formed with a bottom block, and the bottom surface of the bottom block is tightly pressed against the bottom wall of the retraction groove, and the push plate is provided with an abutment component, and the abutment component drives the second vertical T-shaped slide block to rise under the action of the mounting block; A receiving groove is provided on the side wall of the push plate close to the tool holder, an abutment block is slidably provided in the receiving groove, and a third spring is fixed between the inner wall of the receiving groove away from the tool holder and the side wall of the abutment block away from the tool holder; The separation assembly includes a fixed block fixed to the top of the first cross bar and a driving rod that is penetrated and fixed to the fixed block. The inner walls on both sides of the limiting groove are provided with lifting grooves that slide with the ends of the driving rod. The lifting grooves have two sections of straight grooves and an oblique connecting groove connected to one end of the two sections of straight grooves that are close to each other. The height of the straight groove close to the second motor is less than the height of the straight groove away from the second motor.

3. The five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: A rubber block is fixed on the inner wall of the retreat groove at a side away from the tool holder, and the side wall of the rubber block close to the tool holder abuts against the side wall of the bottom block at a side away from the tool holder.

4. The five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: A second transverse mounting hole is provided through the side wall of the push plate near the top of the rectangular through hole, and an opening of the second transverse mounting hole away from the mounting block is connected to an inner wall of the second vertical T-shaped slide groove near the mounting block; The abutment assembly includes a second cross bar that slides with the inner wall of the second cross mounting hole, a third cross mounting hole is penetrated by the second vertical T-shaped slider, a third abutment slope is provided at the intersection between the side wall of the second vertical T-shaped slider close to the tool holder and the inner top wall of the third cross mounting hole, when the bottom surface of the bottom block abuts with the inner bottom wall of the retraction groove, the bottom surface of the second cross bar fits with the inner bottom wall of the third cross mounting hole, and a fourth abutment slope that cooperates with the third abutment slope is provided at the end of the second cross bar away from the tool holder.

5. The five-axis linkage turning and milling compound machining device according to claim 4 is characterized in that: A sliding groove communicating with the inner top wall of the second transverse mounting hole is arranged on the side wall of the push plate away from the tool holder, and the abutment assembly also includes a sliding block fixed to the top of the second cross bar and slidably matched with the sliding groove.

6. The five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a first guide rod fixed to the top of the bed, a first threaded rod rotatably installed on the top of the bed, a third motor fixed to the top of the bed and used to drive the first threaded rod, a driving block sleeved on the first threaded rod and threadedly connected to the first threaded rod, a first connecting rod hinged to the top of the driving block, a second connecting rod hinged to the top of the bed, and a third connecting rod hinged to the top of the bed and parallel to the second connecting rod. The first guide rod passes through the driving block and slidably cooperates with the driving block, the first threaded rod passes through the driving block and is threadedly connected to the driving block, one end of the first connecting rod away from the driving block is hinged to the second connecting rod, one end of the second connecting rod away from the bed is hinged to the bottom of the operating block, and one end of the third connecting rod away from the bed is hinged to the bottom of the rectangular frame.

7. The five-axis linkage turning-milling compound machining device according to claim 5 is characterized in that: A second threaded rod is hinged on the top of the bed, a second guide rod and a fourth motor for driving the second threaded rod to rotate are fixed on the top of the bed, the second guide rod passes through the mounting frame and slides with the mounting frame, and the second threaded rod passes through the mounting frame and is threadedly connected to the mounting frame.

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