Shaft workpiece machining clamp of CNC (computer numerical control) lathe

Abstract

The invention discloses a CNC (computer numerical control) lathe shaft workpiece machining clamp which comprises a shell, a shaft end clamping device and a rotating device, the shaft end clamping device comprises a connecting rod, a fixing plate, a fixing shaft, a first lug seat, a second lug seat and a clamping plate, the connecting rod is slidably connected with the shell, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected with the fixing plate, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected with the fixing shaft. The connecting rod and one end of the fixing plate are fixedly connected with a fixing shaft, a first lug seat is fixedly welded to the fixing plate, a second lug seat is hinged to the first lug seat, and a clamping plate is fixedly welded to the second lug seat. The shaft workpiece machining clamp of the CNC lathe is high in automation degree, different from a traditional three-jaw chuck needing manual operation, the clamp drives the rotating device through the motor, then the shaft end clamping device is driven to clamp shaft parts, manpower and time cost is greatly saved, and machining efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shaft workpiece processing, and in particular to a shaft workpiece processing fixture for a CNC numerically controlled lathe. Background Art

[0002] CNC lathe is one of the most widely used CNC machine tools. It is mainly used for cutting shaft parts, and can perform grooving, drilling, reaming, reaming or boring. Before processing shaft parts, it is usually necessary to clamp the shaft parts to complete the processing of the shaft parts.

[0003] At present, the existing CNC lathes may encounter the following difficulties during the clamping process: most of the existing CNC lathes use a three-jaw chuck to clamp and fix one end of the shaft parts. This method requires manual operation to achieve clamping and fixing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the clamping effect cannot be guaranteed. During the clamping process of the three-jaw chuck for shaft parts with special cross-sections, the central axis is prone to deviation, which is easy to damage the tool, and the processing accuracy is low. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture, which aims to solve the following difficulties that the existing CNC lathes may encounter during the clamping process: most of the existing CNC lathes use a three-jaw chuck to clamp and fix one end of the shaft parts. This method requires manual operation to achieve clamping and fixing, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the clamping effect cannot be guaranteed. During the clamping process of the three-jaw chuck for shaft parts with special cross-sections, the central axis is prone to offset, the tool is easily damaged, and the processing accuracy is low.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object of the invention, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:

[0006] A CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture comprises a shell, a shaft end clamping device and a rotating device, the shaft end clamping device comprises a connecting rod, a fixed plate, a fixed shaft, a first ear seat, a second ear seat and a clamping plate, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the shell, one end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, the connecting rod and one end of the fixed plate are fixedly connected to the fixed shaft, the first ear seat is fixedly welded to the fixed plate, the second ear seat is hinged on the first ear seat, and the clamping plate is fixedly welded to the second ear seat, the rotating device comprises a rotating disk, an internal gear, a motor and an external gear, a sliding groove is opened on the rotating disk, the rotating disk is fixedly connected to the internal gear, the motor is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the shell, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected to the external gear, and the internal gear and the external gear are meshed.

[0007] Furthermore, a spring is provided between the clamping plate and the fixing plate.

[0008] Furthermore, the number of the shaft end clamping devices is not less than five.

[0009] Furthermore, the number of the slide grooves is the same as the number of the shaft end clamping devices.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixed shaft and the sliding groove are slidably arranged.

[0011] Furthermore, the shaft end clamping devices are distributed in a circular array with the center of the shell as the origin.

[0012] Furthermore, the rotating disk is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell.

[0013] Furthermore, the slide groove is inclined from the outer edge of the rotating disk to the center of the rotating disk.

[0014] Furthermore, a brake is installed in the motor.

[0015] Furthermore, the slide grooves are distributed in a circular array with the center of the rotating disk as the origin.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture of the present invention has a high degree of automation. Different from the traditional three-jaw chuck that requires manual operation, the fixture drives the rotating device through a motor, which in turn drives the shaft end clamping device to clamp the shaft parts, greatly saving manpower and time costs and improving processing efficiency.

[0018] The clamping effect is highly stable, and multiple shaft end clamping devices are distributed in a circular array with the center of the shell as the origin. They can apply uniform clamping force to shaft parts from multiple directions, effectively avoiding the problem of easy deviation of the central axis of traditional three-jaw chucks when clamping special-shaped shaft parts, ensuring the stability of the parts during processing, thereby significantly improving processing accuracy, reducing tool damage caused by part deviation, and reducing tool loss costs and processing scrap rates.

[0019] This fixture is not only suitable for shaft parts of conventional shapes, but can also achieve accurate and stable clamping for shaft parts with special-shaped cross-sections, greatly expanding the range of parts that can be processed by CNC lathes and enhancing the versatility and practicality of the equipment.

[0020] The spring arranged between the clamping plate and the fixing plate can play a resetting role to prevent the clamping plate from sagging and making it inconvenient to clamp shaft parts.

[0021] The slide groove on the rotating disk is tilted from the outside to the inside, so that the shaft end clamping device can gradually gather toward the center during the mobile clamping process, forming a tighter and more precise clamping effect, further optimizing the distribution and transmission of the clamping force.

[0022] The brake installed in the motor can quickly lock the position of the rotating disk when the motor stops rotating, ensuring that shaft parts will not be displaced due to external force or vibration during processing, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the explosion structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of the shaft end clamping device of the present invention.

[0027] Reference table of reference numerals:

[0028] 1. Housing; 2. Shaft end clamping device; 3. Rotating device; 4. Connecting rod; 5. Fixed plate; 6. Fixed shaft; 7. Spring; 8. First ear seat; 9. Second ear seat; 10. Clamping plate; 11. Rotating disk; 12. Internal gear; 13. Motor; 14. External gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The specific implementation of the present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the same components are represented by the same reference numerals.

[0030] It should be noted that the words "front", "rear", "left", "right", "up" and "down" used in the following description refer to directions in the drawings, and the words "inside" and "outside" refer to directions toward or away from the geometric center of a specific component, respectively.

[0031] In order to make the contents of the present invention more clearly understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] like Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture includes a shell 1, a shaft end clamping device 2 and a rotating device 3.

[0033] The number of the shaft end clamping devices 2 is not less than five, and the shaft end clamping devices 2 are distributed in a circular array with the center of the shell 1 as the origin. The shaft end clamping device 2 includes a connecting rod 4, a fixed plate 5, a fixed shaft 6, a first ear seat 8, a second ear seat 9 and a clamping plate 10. The connecting rod 4 is slidably connected to the shell, one end of the connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 5, and one end of the connecting rod 4 and the fixed plate 5 are fixedly connected to the fixed shaft 6. The first ear seat 8 is fixedly welded to the fixed plate 5, the second ear seat 9 is hinged on the first ear seat 8, and the clamping plate 10 is fixedly welded to the second ear seat 9. A spring 7 is arranged between the clamping plate 10 and the fixed plate 5.

[0034] The rotating device 3 includes a rotating disk 11, an internal gear 12, a motor 13 and an external gear 14. The rotating disk 11 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell 1. A slide groove 15 is opened on the rotating disk 11. The slide groove 15 is inclined from the outer edge of the rotating disk 11 to the center of the rotating disk 11. The slide grooves 15 are distributed in a circular array with the center of the rotating disk 11 as the origin. The number of the slide grooves 15 is the same as the number of the shaft end clamping device 2. The fixed shaft 6 is slidably arranged with the slide groove 15. The rotating disk 11 is fixedly connected with the internal gear 12, the inner wall of the shell 1 is fixedly installed with the motor 13, and a brake is installed in the motor 13. The output shaft of the motor 13 is fixedly connected with the external gear 14, and the internal gear 12 and the external gear 14 are meshed.

[0035] For each shaft end clamping device 2, the connecting rod 4 is installed by sliding connection with the housing 1. During the installation process, it is necessary to ensure that the connecting rod 4 can slide smoothly on the housing 1 to ensure the movement accuracy of the shaft end clamping device 2, and add a proper amount of grease to the connection part to reduce friction.

[0036] Install the rotating disk 11 on the inner wall of the housing 1 so that it can rotate freely around the central axis of the housing 1. Install the fixed shaft 6 and the slide groove 15 on the rotating disk 11 in a sliding fit. Ensure that the fixed shaft 6 can slide freely in the slide groove 15 and does not get stuck during the sliding process. Check the matching accuracy of the fixed shaft 6 and the slide groove 15, and perform appropriate grinding or adjustment as needed.

[0037] During the installation process, the rotation connection accuracy between the rotating disk 11 and the housing 1 must be ensured, and suitable bearings and lubrication devices must be used to reduce friction resistance and wear during the rotation process. The internal gear 12 is fixedly connected to the rotating disk 11, ensuring that the connection between the internal gear 12 and the rotating disk 11 is firm and concentric, and the tooth surface of the internal gear 12 must be smooth and flat so that it can mesh well with the external gear 14.

[0038] The housing 1 is mounted on the workbench of the CNC lathe, ensuring that the mounting position of the housing 1 is concentric with the spindle axis of the lathe, and that the housing 1 is securely mounted without displacement or shaking during the machining process.

[0039] The motor 13 is installed on the inner wall of the housing 1 , and is fixed at a predetermined position, and it is ensured that the output shaft of the motor 13 can rotate smoothly and is firmly connected to the external gear 14 .

[0040] Use high-precision measuring tools, such as a micrometer, to measure and adjust the installation position of the housing 1 so that the horizontality and concentricity errors are controlled within a very small range.

[0041] Connect the power line and control line of the motor 13 to the electrical control system of the lathe. During the connection process, use a rotary connector (existing technology, no further description here) to connect the power line of the motor 13 to the electrical control system. Carefully check the correctness of the line connection to prevent electrical faults such as short circuits and open circuits. At the same time, perform preliminary debugging on the motor 13, set the parameters of the motor 13, such as speed, torque, etc., and test the forward and reverse functions of the motor 13 to ensure that the motor 13 can work normally.

[0042] A fixing plate 5 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 4 to ensure that the connection between the fixing plate 5 and the connecting rod 4 is firm and reliable. A first ear seat 8 is fixedly welded to the fixing plate 5. The position and angle of the first ear seat 8 must be precisely controlled so that it can be well hinged with the second ear seat 9 later. The second ear seat 9 is hinged to the first ear seat 8 to ensure that the hinge shaft can rotate flexibly.

[0043] A welding clamping plate 10 is fixed on the second ear seat 9, and a spring 7 is installed between the clamping plate 10 and the fixing plate 5. During installation, the spring 7 is ensured to be in a natural state or a pre-compressed state, and can play an effective buffering and self-adapting role during the clamping process.

[0044] Start the motor 13, observe the meshing of the outer gear 14 and the inner gear 12, and check whether there is any abnormal noise or tooth jamming. If any problem is found, adjust the installation position of the gear or perform tooth surface trimming in time to ensure good gear meshing and smooth transmission. During the rotation of the motor 13, observe the rotation of the rotating disk 11, and check whether the rotating disk 11 can rotate smoothly around the central axis of the housing 1, and whether the rotation accuracy meets the requirements. Use an angle measuring instrument or other tools to measure the rotation angle of the rotating disk 11, compare it with the output angle of the motor 13, and adjust the control parameters of the motor 13 or the installation accuracy of the rotating disk 11.

[0045] As the rotating disk 11 rotates, observe the movement of the shaft end clamping device 2. Due to the inclined setting of the slide groove 15, when the fixed shaft 6 slides in the slide groove 15, the shaft end clamping device 2 should gradually gather toward the center of the housing 1. Check the movement synchronization of each shaft end clamping device 2, and use a measuring tool to measure the relative position error between each clamping plate 10 to ensure that a uniform clamping force can be applied to the shaft parts during the clamping process. If it is found that the movement of the shaft end clamping device 2 is not synchronized, it may be that the processing accuracy of the slide groove 15 is inconsistent or there is a difference in the fit between the fixed shaft 6 and the slide groove 15, and the relevant components need to be checked and corrected.

[0046] After the shaft end clamping device 2 moves to the clamping position, check the compression of the spring 7 between the clamping plate 10 and the fixed plate 5 to ensure that the spring 7 can provide appropriate buffering force and adaptive ability. Use a force sensor to measure the clamping force of the clamping plate 10 on the simulated shaft parts, and adjust the elastic coefficient of the spring 7 or the shape and size of the clamping plate 10 according to the measurement results so that the clamping force meets the processing requirements. At the same time, check the working condition of the brake in the motor 13. When the motor 13 stops rotating, the brake should quickly clamp the output shaft of the motor 13 to prevent the rotating disk 11 from rotating due to inertia or external force, thereby ensuring the clamping stability of the shaft parts during the processing.

[0047] Place the shaft part to be processed at the center of the fixture, start the motor 13 again, and make the shaft end clamping device 2 clamp the shaft part. During the clamping process, observe the clamping state of the shaft part to check whether the center axis is offset or the clamping is not firm. If any problem is found, further adjust the relevant parameters or structure of the shaft end clamping device 2, such as the angle of the clamping plate 10, the pre-compression amount of the spring 7, etc., until the shaft part can be clamped stably and accurately.

[0048] In the actual processing, according to the different materials, shapes and processing requirements of the shaft parts, the speed, torque of the motor 13 and the clamping force of the shaft end clamping device 2 and other parameters are optimized and adjusted. For example, for shaft parts with higher hardness, it may be necessary to increase the clamping force appropriately to prevent the parts from shifting during the processing; for parts with complex shapes or higher precision requirements, it is necessary to more accurately control the rotation angle of the motor 13 and the clamping position of the shaft end clamping device 2 to ensure the processing accuracy. Through continuous testing and optimization, the clamp can perform at its best under various processing conditions, improving the processing quality and efficiency of CNC lathes.

[0049] Through the above methods, it can ensure that the CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture can work accurately and stably, effectively solve the problems existing in the existing clamping device, provide a reliable clamping solution for the processing of shaft parts, improve the processing accuracy and processing efficiency of CNC lathes in the field of shaft parts processing, and meet the production requirements of different processing needs. In practical applications, the various components of the fixture can also be further improved and perfected according to the specific processing conditions and equipment characteristics to adapt to more complex and changeable processing tasks.

[0050] The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture of the present invention has a high degree of automation. Different from the traditional three-jaw chuck that requires manual operation, the fixture drives the rotating device 3 through the motor 13, and then drives the shaft end clamping device 2 to clamp the shaft parts, which greatly saves manpower and time costs and improves processing efficiency.

[0051] The clamping effect is highly stable, and multiple shaft end clamping devices 2 are distributed in a circular array with the center of the shell 1 as the origin. They can apply uniform clamping force to shaft parts from multiple directions, effectively avoiding the problem of easy deviation of the central axis of traditional three-jaw chucks when clamping special-shaped shaft parts, ensuring the stability of the parts during processing, thereby significantly improving processing accuracy, reducing tool damage caused by part deviation, and reducing tool loss costs and processing scrap rates.

[0052] This fixture is not only suitable for shaft parts of conventional shapes, but can also achieve accurate and stable clamping for shaft parts with special-shaped cross-sections, greatly expanding the range of parts that can be processed by CNC lathes and enhancing the versatility and practicality of the equipment.

[0053] The spring 7 disposed between the clamping plate 10 and the fixing plate 5 can play a resetting role, thereby preventing the clamping plate 10 from sagging and making it inconvenient to clamp shaft parts.

[0054] The slide groove on the rotating disk 11 is tilted from outside to inside, so that the shaft end clamping device 2 can gradually gather toward the center during the mobile clamping process, forming a tighter and more precise clamping effect, further optimizing the distribution and transmission of the clamping force.

[0055] The brake installed in the motor 13 can quickly lock the position of the rotating disk 11 when the motor 13 stops rotating, ensuring that the shaft parts will not be displaced due to external force or vibration during the processing, thereby ensuring the safety and stability of the processing.

[0056] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0057] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0058] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0060] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0061] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is to be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture, characterized in that: The invention comprises a housing (1), an axial end clamping device (2) and a rotating device (3); the axial end clamping device (2) comprises a connecting rod (4), a fixing plate (5), a fixing shaft (6), a first ear seat (8), a second ear seat (9) and a clamping plate (10); the connecting rod (4) is slidably connected to the housing; one end of the connecting rod (4) is fixedly connected to the fixing plate (5); one end of the connecting rod (4) and the fixing plate (5) are fixedly connected to the fixing shaft (6); the fixing plate (5) is fixedly welded with a first ear seat (8); the first ear seat (8) is hinged A second ear seat (9) is connected, and a clamping plate (10) is fixedly welded to the second ear seat (9). The rotating device (3) comprises a rotating disk (11), an internal gear (12), a motor (13) and an external gear (14). A sliding groove (15) is provided on the rotating disk (11), and the internal gear (12) is fixedly connected to the rotating disk (11). The motor (13) is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the housing (1), and the external gear (14) is fixedly connected to the output shaft of the motor (13), and the internal gear (12) and the external gear (14) are meshed with each other.

2. A CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A spring (7) is arranged between the clamping plate (10) and the fixing plate (5).

3. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the shaft end clamping devices (2) is no less than five.

4. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The number of the slide grooves (15) is the same as the number of the shaft end clamping devices (2).

5. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fixed shaft (6) and the sliding groove (15) are slidably arranged.

6. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shaft end clamping devices (2) are distributed in a circular array with the center of the housing (1) as the origin.

7. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 6, characterized in that: The rotating disk (11) is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the shell (1).

8. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 8, characterized in that: The slide groove (15) is arranged obliquely from the outer edge of the rotating disk (11) toward the center of the rotating disk (11).

9. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: A holding brake is installed inside the motor (13).

10. The CNC lathe shaft workpiece processing fixture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide grooves (15) are distributed in a circular array with the center of the rotating disk (11) as the origin.

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