Method for operating charging station, charging station and coupling element

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a charging station (1) for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. According to the method, a reduced target charging power (PS) is generated by a control device (2) of the charging station (1) from a power requirement (PA) of the electric vehicle, and the electric vehicle is battery-friendly charged with the reduced target charging power (PS). The invention also relates to a charging station (1) for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle and to a coupling element (5) for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to the charging station (1).

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a method for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. The invention also relates to a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle and a coupling element for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station of this type. Background Art

[0002] Electric vehicles are becoming increasingly important on the automotive market. To provide electrical energy for the electric drive train, electric vehicles have a high-voltage battery. Particularly high demands are placed on the high-voltage battery in terms of capacity and performance, i.e. the ability to provide large amounts of energy as quickly as possible. For this reason, the high-voltage battery is sometimes the most expensive component in an electric vehicle.

[0003] Batteries experience aging. This means that the battery loses capacity and performance. The aging process is caused, for example, by intermediate reactions in the electrolyte, deposits at the electrodes and corrosion. The intermediate reactions can, for example, depend on the battery temperature or the state of charge (SOC) of the high-voltage battery, wherein the intermediate reactions proceed more intensively at higher temperatures and higher SOC than at lower temperatures and lower SOC. High battery currents (for example when charging or discharging) are a further factor driving the aging of high-voltage batteries.

[0004] Aging determines the service life of the high-voltage battery and, due to the high manufacturing costs, also greatly determines the value of the entire electric vehicle. In older electric vehicles, battery replacement is therefore often also a total economic loss. In order to keep the loss of value of the electric vehicle as low as possible, the aging process of the high-voltage battery must be slowed down as much as possible. This can be achieved by operating the electric vehicle in a battery-friendly manner.

[0005] For this purpose, modern electric vehicles have an operating mode also called "battery care mode" or "BCM", which ensures particularly battery-friendly operation, for example by limiting the performance of the high-voltage battery in a targeted manner. One parameter of the BCM is, for example, the SOC, which is limited to, for example, 80% to avoid intermediate reactions.

[0006] The limitations of the vehicle itself can be well integrated into the development of electric vehicles. In older electric vehicles, subsequent expansion with BCM is only possible through complex updates of the operating software of the electric vehicle. Due to the high development costs for the software, this is not economically interesting and therefore cannot be implemented without problems. For battery-friendly charging, the driver of such an electric vehicle therefore has only the following options: looking for a charging station (EVSE), which, in contrast to modern fast charging stations (HPC-EVSE) that often provide 350kW or more charging power, only has a relatively low charging power, for example a maximum of 50kW. This is very inconvenient, especially because public 50kW charging stations can only be found rarely now.

[0007] Conventional charging stations for electric vehicles are designed to charge the high-voltage battery in the most time-saving way possible and to avoid overloading the high-voltage battery. To this end, the charging station queries the charge state of the high-voltage battery at regular intervals in order to continuously reduce the charging power at a critical charge state (e.g., approximately 80%). In other words, the remaining 20% ​​of the high-voltage battery is charged at a lower charging power in order to avoid overheating and overcharging of the high-voltage battery in particular. This process occurs automatically, so that the user of the charging station cannot influence the protection mechanism. Various methods for operating a charging station are known from documents KR 10 2016 046481A and US 10 071 648 B1, in which the charging current is reduced in a targeted manner according to the charge state in order to avoid overloading the high-voltage battery.

[0008] Known rapid charging stations have the disadvantage that, in charging phases below a state of charge of 80%, aging of the high-voltage battery is only inadequately prevented. The operator of the electric vehicle cannot influence the execution of the charging process. Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the present invention is therefore to eliminate or at least partially eliminate the above-described disadvantages in the charging process of charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. In particular, the object of the present invention is to provide a method for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle, a charging station and a coupling element for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station, which reduce the aging rate of the high-voltage battery in a simple and cost-effective manner.

[0010] The preceding task is solved according to the invention. Therefore, the task is solved by having a method according to the invention for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle, by a charging station according to the invention for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, and by a coupling element according to the invention for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station for charging the high-voltage battery. Further features and details of the invention are derived from the embodiments, the description and the drawings according to the invention. Here, the features and details described in connection with the method according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the charging station according to the invention and the coupling element according to the invention, and vice versa, so that the disclosures for the various inventive aspects are always referred to or can always be referred to each other.

[0011] According to a first aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a method for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. The method comprises:

[0012] - providing, by means of a control device of the charging station, a first charging mode for charging the high-voltage battery and a second charging mode for charging the high-voltage battery which can be selected as an alternative to the first charging mode,

[0013] - registering, by the control device, the selection of the second charging mode,

[0014] - determining, by means of a control device, the power requirement of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery,

[0015] - determining, by the control device, a rated charging power which is reduced compared to the power requirement as a function of the power requirement of the electric vehicle and predefined charging limit specifications of the second charging mode, and

[0016] - A rated charging power for charging the high-voltage battery is provided by the control device.

[0017] The charging station has a control device for regulating the charging station and for controlling and monitoring the charging process of the high-voltage battery. The control device is preferably designed according to conventional control devices for charging stations and can be distinguished from conventional control devices, for example, at least by existing operating software.

[0018] The control device provides a plurality of charging modes for charging the high-voltage battery. For selecting the charging mode, for example, a key, a touch screen with an operating panel, a communication interface for communicating with a mobile phone application, etc. can be provided. The control device provides at least a first charging mode and a second charging mode as charging modes. The control device preferably also provides one or more additional charging modes as alternatives thereto.

[0019] The charging mode is preferably configured to charge the high-voltage battery over a predefined or at least definable state of charge spectrum. For example, it can be configured that the first charging mode and / or the second charging mode is configured to charge the high-voltage battery between 50% and 100% SOC. Preferably, the first charging mode is configured to charge the high-voltage battery over the entire state of charge spectrum of the high-voltage battery.

[0020] Furthermore, the first charging mode and / or the second charging mode are preferably designed to provide the charging power as a function of one or more charging factors. The charging factor may be, for example, the charge state of the high-voltage battery or the battery temperature of the high-voltage battery. Thus, for example, it may be provided that the charging power is reduced starting from a predefined SOC or below a lower threshold temperature in order to avoid overloading of the high-voltage battery and thus accelerated aging. In the context of the present invention, this is also referred to as "charging power dependent on SOC".

[0021] The first charging mode can be designed, for example, as a fast charging mode, in which the control device charges the high-voltage battery at a relatively high charging power (e.g., 200 kW, 250 kW or more) until a predefined SOC and / or above a predefined lower threshold temperature. From the predefined SOC, the charging power can then be reduced.

[0022] The second charging mode is preferably configured as a battery-friendly mode, in which the control device performs the charging of the high-voltage battery in the most battery-friendly way possible up to a predefined SOC. According to the present invention, it can be provided that the maximum SOC that can be achieved using the second charging mode is lower than the maximum SOC that can be achieved using the first charging mode. The second charging mode is configured as an alternative to the first charging mode, so that charging to a specific SOC can be performed not only using the first charging mode but also using the second charging mode. The SOC-dependent charging power of the second charging mode can be, for example, lower than the SOC-dependent charging power of the first charging mode by a percentage value, such as 20%, or an absolute value, such as 30kW. In the case of percentage values, the curve of the SOC-dependent charging power is more gently inclined than in the case of absolute values. If the SOC-dependent charging power in the first charging mode is, for example, 150kW, the SOC-dependent charging power provided for the same SOC in the second charging mode can be, for example, 120kW.

[0023] When the user of the charging station transmits his selection of the charging mode to the charging station, this is recorded by the control device. If the user selects the second charging mode for battery-friendly charging of the high-voltage battery, this is recorded by the control device. If the recording is successful, the control device activates the second charging mode.

[0024] In order to execute the second charging mode, the control device determines the power requirement of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery. This can be achieved, for example, by the control device briefly providing the maximum available charging power and analyzing the charging power actually inquired by the electric vehicle. The power requirement can, for example, correspond to the maximum possible power requirement of the electric vehicle. Alternatively, the determination of the power requirement can also be achieved via a data interface to the electric vehicle, for example, via radio, Bluetooth, WLAN, charging cable, etc. The control device of the charging station can, for example, communicate with the vehicle control device of the electric vehicle via a data interface. The power requirement can, for example, be a power requirement that depends on the SOC, which, for example, becomes smaller as the SOC increases starting from a predefined SOC.

[0025] The control device determines the rated charging power based on the determined power requirement and the charging limit specification predefined for the second charging mode. The predefined charging limit specification determines, for example, what percentage of the power requirement the rated charging power should have, for example 80%, which corresponds to a 20% reduction in the power requirement. Alternatively, the predefined charging limit specification can determine a fixed value, for example 30kW, by which the charging limit specification should be reduced in order to obtain the rated charging power. The rated charging power thus determines the charging power with which the high-voltage battery must be charged in the second charging mode. If the charging power depends on the SOC, the rated charging power preferably also depends on the SOC.

[0026] Finally, the control device provides a certain nominal charging power for charging the high-voltage battery. Since the nominal charging power is lower than the charging power due to the charging limit specification, the high-voltage battery is charged more slowly and more user-friendly than, for example, in the first charging mode designed as a fast charging mode.

[0027] The method according to the invention for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle has the following advantages over conventional methods: a particularly friendly charging of the high-voltage battery is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner. Since the rated charging power is lower than the charging power at least for a predefined charge state spectrum, the charging process is slowed down in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the load on the high-voltage battery. In this way, the aging rate of the high-voltage battery can be reduced and the value retention of the electric vehicle can be improved. The service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be extended in an advantageous manner. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for electric vehicles that do not have an integrated battery-friendly mode for charging the high-voltage battery. Therefore, the operator of such an electric vehicle can drive to a charging station in a targeted manner, which is configured to perform the method according to the invention in order to also obtain the advantages of battery-friendly charging. Complex and cost-intensive modernization of electric vehicles can thus be avoided.

[0028] According to a preferred further development of the present invention, it can be provided in the method that the control device re-determines the power requirement of the electric vehicle after a predefined time period, re-determines the rated charging power based on the newly determined power requirement of the electric vehicle and the predefined charging limit specifications of the second charging mode, and provides the newly determined rated charging power for charging the battery. The predefined time period is preferably between 15 seconds and 60 seconds, particularly preferably about 30 seconds. The re-determination of the power requirement is preferably carried out as it was when the power requirement was previously determined. According to the present invention, it can be determined that the newly determined power requirement should not be higher than the previously determined power requirement and is therefore limited by the control device. By regularly or at least repeatedly determining the power requirement, it can be ensured that the provided rated charging power is not too high, thereby avoiding increased wear of the high-voltage battery. This has the advantage that particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can therefore be further extended.

[0029] According to the invention, it is preferred that the power requirement of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery is determined by providing a test charging power, wherein the test charging power is higher than the rated charging power. For example, the test charging power can be gradually or continuously increased in order to determine the maximum power requirement and at the same time avoid overloading the high-voltage battery. In addition, the test charging power can be adapted to the charging power determined just before, so that the current power requirement can be determined quickly and reliably, and the current rated charging power can be determined accordingly. This has the advantage that particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can therefore be further extended.

[0030] It is further preferred that the test charging power is provided as a function of the previously determined rated charging power and predefined charging limit specifications. In this case, the value of the rated charging power is preferably increased again completely according to the predefined charging limit specifications in order to determine the test charging power. In order to avoid a step effect, the value of the rated charging power can be slightly further increased according to the predefined charging limit specifications so that the test charging power is higher than the charging power based on the rated charging power. This has the advantage that a particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be further extended.

[0031] In a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, it can be provided in the method that the predefined charging limit specification limits the power requirement to be reduced by at least 20%. This means that the determined rated charging power is determined to 80% of the measured charging power. With such a rated charging power, battery-friendly charging with a charging time that is still acceptable to the operator of the electric vehicle is ensured. This has the advantage that particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured with simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be further extended.

[0032] Preferably, the control device determines the state of charge of the high-voltage battery and automatically ends the charging process when the determined state of charge reaches the maximum permissible state of charge predefined in the second charging mode, wherein the maximum permissible state of charge is less than 100%. In the scope of the present invention, 100% SOC is understood as a high-voltage battery charged to 100%. The determination of the state of charge can be carried out via a communication interface to the electric vehicle. Alternatively, the determination of the state of charge can be carried out within the scope of determining the power requirement of the electric vehicle, for example, using characteristic values ​​and / or characteristic curves of the high-voltage battery. Since the high-voltage battery undergoes enhanced aging (for example, due to intermediate reactions) from a higher state of charge, the extent of these intermediate reactions can be reliably reduced by limiting the state of charge to the maximum permissible state of charge. This has the advantage that a particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can therefore be further extended.

[0033] According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the maximum permissible state of charge is at most 90% of the capacity of the high-voltage battery. Further preferably, the maximum permissible state of charge is at most 80% of the capacity of the high-voltage battery. In this state of charge, the degree of intermediate reactions in the high-voltage battery is ensured to be relatively low, thereby reducing the aging of the high-voltage battery. At the same time, the electric vehicle has a range that is still acceptable for most users, especially when the electric vehicle normally moves less than 200 kilometers per day in everyday life, so that the maximum range when the high-voltage battery is fully charged is not necessary. This has the advantage that a particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be further extended.

[0034] According to a second aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle. The charging station has a control device for regulating a charging process for charging the high-voltage battery. According to the invention, the charging station is designed to carry out the method according to the invention.

[0035] The charging station preferably has a charging station plug adapter for electrically coupling to a first coupling plug adapter of a coupling element for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of the electric vehicle to the charging station. Alternatively or additionally, the charging station may be designed for inductive charging of the high-voltage battery.

[0036] The charging station plug adapter is preferably designed as a socket. The charging station plug adapter is preferably designed as a so-called "CCS socket" for receiving a first coupling plug adapter designed as a CCS plug, or has a CCS socket. Additionally or alternatively, the charging station plug adapter can also be designed as a so-called "Type 2 socket" for receiving a first coupling plug adapter designed as a Type 2 plug, or has a Type 2 socket. It is also preferred that the charging station plug adapter is additionally or alternatively designed as a so-called "Chademo socket" for receiving a first coupling plug adapter designed as a Chademo plug, or has a Chademo socket. The first coupling plug adapter can be designed, for example, as part of a charging cable.

[0037] The control device is configured to control the charging station and to control and monitor the charging process of the high-voltage battery. The control device is preferably configured according to a conventional control device for a charging station and can be distinguished from a conventional control device, for example, at least by existing operating software. The control device is configured to provide a plurality of charging modes for charging the high-voltage battery. In order to select the charging mode, the charging station can, for example, have a button, a touch screen with an operating panel, an interface for communicating with a mobile phone application, etc. In addition, the control device is configured at least to record the selection of the second charging mode, to determine the power requirement of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery, to determine the rated charging power for charging the high-voltage battery that is reduced compared to the power requirement according to the power requirement of the electric vehicle and the predefined charging limit specification of the second charging mode, and to provide the rated charging power for charging the high-voltage battery.

[0038] All the advantages described for the method for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the invention are obtained in the charging station according to the invention. Therefore, the charging station according to the invention has the following advantages over conventional charging stations, namely, a particularly friendly charging of the high-voltage battery is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner. Since the rated charging power is lower than the charging power at least for a predefined charge state spectrum, the charging process can be slowed down in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the load on the high-voltage battery. In this way, the aging rate of the high-voltage battery can be reduced and the value retention of the electric vehicle can be improved. The service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be extended in an advantageous manner. The charging station according to the invention is particularly suitable for electric vehicles that do not have an integrated battery-friendly mode for charging the high-voltage battery. Therefore, the operator of such an electric vehicle can drive to the charging station according to the invention in a targeted manner, which is configured to perform the method according to the invention in order to also obtain the advantages of battery-friendly charging. Complex and cost-intensive modernization of electric vehicles can thus be avoided.

[0039] According to a third aspect of the invention, this object is achieved by a coupling element for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station. According to the invention, the coupling element is designed to automatically transmit the selection of a second charging mode to the charging station or to arrange for the charging station to charge the high-voltage battery according to the second charging mode. The coupling element is preferably designed to couple to a charging station according to the invention and to a conventional charging station.

[0040] Preferably, the coupling element has a first coupling plug adapter for mechanical and electrical coupling to a charging station plug adapter of a charging station. Alternatively, the first coupling plug adapter is designed for mechanical and electrical coupling to a vehicle plug adapter of an electric vehicle.

[0041] According to the invention, the coupling element is configured to provide at least two technical functions. First, the coupling element is configured to establish an electrical connection between the electric vehicle and the charging station so that the high-voltage battery of the electric vehicle can be charged via the charging station. Secondly, the coupling element is configured to arrange the charging station to charge the high-voltage battery in a second charging mode. In the context of the invention, this is also understood to mean that the charging station can be arranged via the coupling element to charge the high-voltage battery according to the second charging mode (i.e., with a lower charging power than the electric vehicle usually inquires about in the charging station), so that the high-voltage battery is charged more user-friendly.

[0042] To this end, the coupling element may, for example, have a memory, a barcode, a QR code or the like, which can be read by the control device. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling element may have an element control device, which is configured to communicate with the control device. It can be provided that the coupling element has a switch, a key, a button or the like, via which the user can actively set whether the second charging mode should be required. The coupling element can replace the manual input of the selection of the second charging mode. Alternatively or additionally, the coupling element can be configured to simulate an electric vehicle for a conventional charging station, which requires a lower charging power than an electric vehicle coupled to the charging station via the coupling element, so that the charging station provides a rated charging power, which corresponds to the simulated required charging power, thereby ensuring battery-friendly charging.

[0043] All the advantages described for the method for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle according to the first aspect of the invention and for the charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle according to the second aspect of the invention are obtained in the coupling element according to the invention. Therefore, the coupling element according to the invention has the following advantages over conventional coupling elements, namely, a particularly friendly charging of the high-voltage battery is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner. Since the rated charging power is lower than the charging power at least for a predefined charge state spectrum, the charging process can be slowed down in a targeted manner, thereby reducing the load on the high-voltage battery. In this way, the aging rate of the high-voltage battery can be reduced and the value retention of the electric vehicle can be improved. The service life of the high-voltage battery can thus be extended in an advantageous manner. The coupling element according to the invention is particularly suitable for electric vehicles that do not have an integrated battery-friendly mode for charging the high-voltage battery. Therefore, the operator of such an electric vehicle can also drive to a conventional charging station that is not configured to perform the method according to the invention in order to also obtain the advantages of battery-friendly charging. This can avoid complex and cost-intensive modernization of electric vehicles.

[0044] Particularly preferably, the coupling element is configured as a charging cable for electrically coupling the high-voltage battery to the charging station or as an intermediate adapter for electrically coupling the charging cable to the charging station or the electric vehicle. The coupling element configured as a charging cable preferably has a second coupling plug adapter for mechanically and electrically coupling with the vehicle plug adapter of the electric vehicle and a multi-core cable, and the first coupling plug adapter is electrically coupled to the second coupling plug adapter via the multi-core cable. The coupling element configured as an intermediate adapter preferably has a second coupling plug adapter for mechanically and electrically coupling with the charging plug of the charging cable. Therefore, the second coupling plug adapter is preferably configured according to the charging station plug adapter. In the case where the coupling element is configured as an intermediate adapter, the first coupling plug adapter and the second coupling plug adapter are preferably arranged in the same housing. According to the present invention, the previously described functions of the first coupling plug adapter and the second coupling plug adapter can also be exchanged with each other. This has the advantage that a particularly battery-friendly charging is ensured by simple means and in a cost-effective form and manner, and the service life of the high-voltage battery can therefore be further extended. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] The method according to the invention for operating a charging station for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle, the charging station according to the invention for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, and the coupling element according to the invention for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In each case schematically:

[0046] Figure 1 A flow chart showing a preferred embodiment of the method according to the present invention is shown.

[0047] Figure 2 The determination of the rated charging power is shown in a diagram.

[0048] Figure 3 A charging station according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown in a front view.

[0049] Figure 4 A coupling element according to a preferred first embodiment of the invention is shown in a perspective view, and

[0050] Figure 5 A coupling element according to a second preferred embodiment of the invention is shown in a perspective view.

[0051] exist Figures 1 to 5 In the drawings, elements having the same function and mode of action are respectively provided with the same reference numerals. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] exist Figure 1In the flowchart, a preferred embodiment of the method according to the present invention is schematically shown. In a first method action 100, the charging station 1 (see Figure 3 ) of the control device 2 (see Figure 3 ) provides a plurality of charging modes for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle. The charging modes are at least a first charging mode and a second charging mode that can be performed as an alternative to the first charging mode. In a second method action 200, the control device 2 records the selection of the second charging mode for charging the high-voltage battery. This selection can be made, for example, manually by an operator of the charging station 1 or by means of the coupling element 5 according to the invention (see Figure 4 and Figure 5 In a third method action 300, the control device 2 determines the power requirement P of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery. A (See Figure 2 ). Power requirement P A Preferably it depends on the state of charge SOC of the high-voltage battery.

[0053] In a fourth method action 400, the control device 2 controls the power requirement P of the electric vehicle according to the power requirement P of the electric vehicle. A and the predefined charging limit specification of the second charging mode to determine the power requirement P A Compared with the reduced rated charging power P S The predefined charging limit specification determines the rated charging power P S The power requirement P A Therefore, the predefined charging limit specification is preferably predefined such that the rated charging power P is determined S , using the rated charging power P S In a fifth method action 500 , the control device 2 provides a rated charging power P for charging the high-voltage battery. S In other words, the power requirement P A The high voltage battery is charged with the charging power.

[0054] Figure 2 The diagram schematically shows the rated charging power P S The maximum charging power P that can be provided by the charging station 1 M As shown as the upper horizontal line, the maximum charging power P M The power requirement of an electric vehicle is P A The curve depends on the characteristics of the high-voltage battery and the state of charge SOC. The graph shows that the power requirement P AFirstly, it increases as the state of charge SOC of the high-voltage battery increases to a lower state of charge SOC and then decreases as the state of charge SOC of the high-voltage battery increases further. The test charging power P which can be determined within the scope of carrying out the method according to the invention T Based on the power requirement P A The constant distance at the power requirement P A The rated charging power P determined within the scope of carrying out the method according to the invention is S Based on the power requirement P A The constant distance at the power requirement P A Extends below.

[0055] exist Figure 3 Schematically depicting a preferred embodiment of a charging station 1 according to the invention in a front view, the charging station 1 has a station housing 8 on which a plurality of charging station plug adapters 3 and an operating element 9 designed as a touch screen are arranged. A control device 2 is arranged in the station housing 8 .

[0056] Figure 4 A coupling element 5 according to a preferred first embodiment of the present invention is schematically shown in a perspective view. The coupling element 5 is designed as a charging cable 6 and has a first coupling plug adapter 4, which is electrically coupled to a second coupling plug adapter 10 of the coupling element 5 via a cable 11 of the coupling element 5. An element control device 12 is arranged on the first coupling plug adapter 4. The element control device 12 can be designed to transmit the selection of the second charging mode to the charging station 1 according to the present invention, so that the charging station 1 according to the present invention is connected to the charging station 1 according to the rated charging power P S Alternatively or additionally, the element control device 12 may be configured to charge the high-voltage battery from the power requirement P of the electric vehicle using a predefined charging limit specification. A Generates a reduced rated charging power P S And take it as the simulated power requirement P A forwarded to the conventional charging station 1, so that the conventional charging station 1 can charge the conventional charging station 1 according to the simulated power requirement P A Charge the high voltage battery.

[0057] exist Figure 5 Schematically shows a coupling element 5 according to a preferred second embodiment of the present invention in a perspective view. The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in particular in that the coupling element 5 is designed as an intermediate adapter 7. Therefore, the first coupling plug adapter 4 and the second coupling plug adapter 10 are arranged in a common adapter housing 13. Therefore, the cable 11 is not present.

[0058] List of reference numerals:

[0059] 1 Charging Station

[0060] 2 Control device

[0061] 3 Charging station plug adapter

[0062] 4First coupling plug adapter

[0063] 5 Coupling elements

[0064] 6Charging cable

[0065] 7Intermediate adapter

[0066] 8-station housing

[0067] 9 Operation panel

[0068] 10 Second coupling plug adapter

[0069] 11 Cables

[0070] 12-element control device

[0071] 13 Adapter housing

[0072] 100 First Method Actions

[0073] 200 Second Method Action

[0074] 300 Third Method Action

[0075] 400 Fourth Method Action

[0076] 500 Fifth Method Action

[0077] P Power

[0078] P A Power requirements

[0079] P M Maximum charging power

[0080] P S Rated charging power

[0081] P T Test charging power

[0082] SOC state of charge

Claims

1. A method for operating a charging station (1) for charging a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle, comprising: - providing, by means of a control device (2) of the charging station (1), a first charging mode for charging the high-voltage battery and a second charging mode for charging the high-voltage battery which can be selected as an alternative to the first charging mode, - recording, by means of the control device (2), the selection of the second charging mode, - determining the power requirement (P) of the electric vehicle for charging the high-voltage battery by means of the control device (2); A ), - The control device (2) controls the power requirement (P) of the electric vehicle according to the power requirement (P A ) and the predefined charging limit specification of the second charging mode to determine the power requirement (P A ) compared to the reduced rated charging power (P S ),and - providing the rated charging power (P) for charging the high-voltage battery via the control device (2) S ).

2. The method according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The control device (2) re-determines the power requirement (P) of the electric vehicle after a predefined period of time. A ), based on the newly determined power requirement (P A ) and the predefined charging restriction specification of the second charging mode to redetermine the rated charging power (P S ) and provides the newly determined rated charging power (P S ).

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, It is characterized in that Determining the power requirement (P) of the electric vehicle for charging the high voltage battery A ) by providing a test charging power (P T ) is implemented, wherein the test charging power (P T ) is higher than the rated charging power (P S ).

4. The method according to claim 3, It is characterized in that According to the rated charging power (P S ) to provide the test charging power (P T ).

5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The predefined charging limit specification defines the power requirement (P A ) is reduced by at least 20%.

6. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, It is characterized in that The control device (2) determines the state of charge (SOC) of the high-voltage battery and automatically ends the charging process when the determined state of charge (SOC) reaches a maximum permissible state of charge (SOC) predefined in the second charging mode, wherein the maximum permissible state of charge (SOC) is less than 100%.

7. The method according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The maximum permissible state of charge (SOC) is at most 90% of the capacity of the high-voltage battery.

8. A charging station (1) for charging a high-voltage battery of a motor vehicle, comprising a control device (2) for regulating a charging process for charging the high-voltage battery, It is characterized in that The charging station (1) is configured to carry out the method according to any of the preceding claims.

9. A coupling element (5) for electrically coupling a high-voltage battery of an electric vehicle to a charging station (1), It is characterized in that The coupling element (5) is designed to automatically transmit the selection of the second charging mode to the charging station (1) or to arrange for the charging station (1) to charge the high-voltage battery according to the second charging mode.

10. The coupling element (5) according to claim 9, It is characterized in that The coupling element (5) is designed as a charging cable (6) for electrically coupling the high-voltage battery to the charging station (1) or as an intermediate adapter (7) for electrically coupling the charging cable (6) to the charging station (1) or the electric vehicle.

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