Intelligent station transposition device of industrial automatic production line

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent station transposition device of an industrial automatic production line, and relates to the technical field of station transposition. The transposition efficiency and safety are improved; comprising a switching plate, slideways are welded to the outer wall of the top of the switching plate, the two slideways form an independent unit, a conveying assembly is movably connected to the independent unit, a rotating disc mechanism is installed at the center of the switching plate, a limiting assembly is installed at the top of the rotating disc mechanism, and the limiting assembly comprises a U-shaped frame and an electric telescopic rod; the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the top of the rotating disc mechanism, the U-shaped frame is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod through a pin, and the two ends of the U-shaped frame are movably connected with T-shaped rods. Through cooperation of the switching plate of the cross-shaped structure and the rotating disc mechanism, workpieces can be rapidly and accurately conveyed to different independent units, efficient switching among multiple stations is achieved, and the flexibility and production efficiency of a production line are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of workstation transposition, and in particular to an intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industrial automation technology, the efficiency, flexibility and intelligence level of production lines have become key factors in manufacturing competition. In modern manufacturing, the processing of workpieces usually requires multiple processes, and each process may be completed by different production equipment. Therefore, how to achieve fast and accurate switching of workpieces between different stations in the production line has become an important issue in improving production efficiency. Traditional production lines usually use fixed conveying equipment or manual handling to achieve station switching of workpieces. However, fixed conveying equipment lacks flexibility and is difficult to adapt to the needs of multi-variety and small-batch production. Traditional station switching devices often have problems such as inaccurate positioning and poor stability during the switching process, affecting the overall operation efficiency of the production line.

[0003] In order to solve the above problems, some automated workstation switching devices have been proposed in the prior art. For example, a workstation switching device driven by a linear guide rail and a cylinder can achieve a certain degree of automation, but its structure is complex, the maintenance cost is high, and it is difficult to adapt to complex and changing process requirements;

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for an intelligent workstation switching device with flexible operation, precise positioning and high stability to meet the needs of modern industrial automation production lines for efficient and precise workstation switching. The device should be able to quickly adjust the workpiece conveying path according to production needs and ensure the stability and safety of the workpiece during the switching process, thereby improving the overall efficiency and reliability of the production line. Summary of the invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the shortcomings of the prior art and to propose an intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automation production line comprises a switching plate, a slideway is welded to the top outer wall of the switching plate, and two slideways form a group to form an independent unit, a conveying assembly is movably connected to the independent unit, a turntable mechanism is installed at the center of the switching plate, and a limit assembly is installed on the top of the turntable mechanism, the limit assembly comprises a U-shaped frame and an electric telescopic rod, the electric telescopic rod is fixed to the top of the turntable mechanism, and the U-shaped frame is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod by a pin, and both ends of the U-shaped frame are movably connected with T-shaped rods, and a spring is clamped between the inner wall of one side of the T-shaped rod and the outer wall of one side of the U-shaped frame, and a clamping block is welded at one end of the T-shaped rod, the limit assembly also comprises a connecting plate fixed to one end of the conveying assembly and a clamping plate welded to one end of the connecting plate, and the clamping plate and the two groups of clamping blocks are used in conjunction with each other.

[0008] Preferably: the conveying assembly includes a conveying plate and a moving mechanism installed at the bottom thereof, the moving mechanism includes a roller and a receiving frame, the receiving frame is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the conveying plate, and the roller is movably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the receiving frame, and a second drive motor is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the receiving frame, and the output end of the second drive motor is connected to one end of the roller through a coupling.

[0009] Further: the turntable mechanism includes a turntable and a drive motor 1, the drive motor 1 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the switching plate, and the turntable is connected to the output end of the drive motor 1 through a coupling, and a slideway 1 is welded on the top outer wall of the turntable, and the slideway 1 and the slideway have the same specifications.

[0010] Further: a bearing part is fixed to the top of the conveying plate by a quick-release part, and the quick-release part includes a vertical plate and a guide rod, the vertical plate is welded to the outer wall of the top of the conveying plate, and the guide rod is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the vertical plate by a pin, and the outer wall of the guide rod is movably connected to a slide, and an insert is welded to the top of the slide, and a bracket is welded to the bottom of the slide, and multiple brackets are driven by a driving mechanism.

[0011] As a preferred solution of the present invention: the bearing member includes a mounting plate, a fixing seat and a column, the mounting plate and the column are fixed by welding through the fixing seat, and the outer circumferential wall of the fixing seat is provided with an annular groove adapted to the plug-in block.

[0012] As a further solution of the present invention: the driving mechanism includes a lining rod and a lifting plate, the lining rod is fixed to the top outer wall of the conveying plate by a pin, and the lifting plate is movably connected to the outer wall of the lining rod, a guide plate is welded to the top outer wall of the lifting plate, and a connecting rod is movably connected between the guide plate and the bracket.

[0013] As a further solution of the present invention: the driving mechanism also includes a driving motor three and a threaded column, the driving motor three is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom of the conveying plate, and the threaded column is connected to the output end of the driving motor three through a coupling, and the threaded column and the lifting plate are threadedly connected.

[0014] Based on the above scheme: a positioning block is welded on the outer wall of the top of the conveying plate, and a slot adapted to the positioning block is opened at the bottom of the column. The positioning block and the slot are used to position the column so that the insert block and the annular groove are quickly aligned.

[0015] On the basis of the above-mentioned solution: the transposition device also includes a controller, and the controller is used to control the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limiting component.

[0016] On the basis of the above-mentioned solution: the switching board is a cross structure, which constitutes four groups of independent units, and each independent unit corresponds to a production equipment.

[0017] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line, which can quickly and accurately transport workpieces to different independent units through the cooperation of a cross-structured switching plate and a turntable mechanism, realize efficient switching between multiple workstations, and significantly improve the flexibility and production efficiency of the production line.

[0019] 2. An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automation production line. The block, card plate and spring design in the limit assembly ensure a stable connection between the conveying assembly and the turntable mechanism, preventing the workpiece from shifting or falling off during rotation or movement, and ensuring the safety and stability of the conveying process.

[0020] 3. An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line. The controller can coordinate the actions of the conveying components, turntable mechanism and limit components in real time according to production needs, realize intelligent scheduling of the automated production line, reduce manual intervention, reduce the operating error rate, and improve the overall operating efficiency of the production line.

[0021] 4. An intelligent workstation replacement device for an industrial automated production line, through the design of quick-release parts and bearing parts, can quickly replace different fixtures or placement racks to meet the production needs of workpieces of different types or sizes, thereby improving the versatility and adaptability of the production line and reducing the time for equipment replacement and debugging.

[0022] 5. An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line. The design of the positioning block and the slot enables the carrier to be quickly aligned and fixed. Together with the synchronous movement of the drive mechanism, efficient assembly and disassembly of the carrier is achieved, further improving the automation level and operational convenience of the production line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the bottom structure of an intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a transposition part of an intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a transposition part of an intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a limit assembly of an intelligent workstation switching device of an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a conveying component of an intelligent workstation switching device of an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of a conveying component of an intelligent workstation transposition device of an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a conveying component of an intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line proposed by the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: switching plate 1; slideway 2; mounting plate 3; turntable 4; controller 5; drive motor one 6; drive motor two 7; slideway one 8; connecting plate 9; clamping plate 10; conveying plate 11; roller 12; accommodating frame 13; U-shaped frame 14; spring 15; clamping block 16; electric telescopic rod 17; T-shaped rod 18; vertical plate 19; fixed seat 20; column 21; clamping groove 22; drive motor three 23; annular groove 24; guide rod 25; lining rod 26; connecting rod 27; positioning block 28; plug block 29; threaded column 30; guide plate 31; bracket 32; slide seat 33; lifting plate 34. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solution of this patent is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0034] Embodiment 1:

[0035] An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, it includes a switching plate 1, and a slideway 2 is welded on the outer wall of the top of the switching plate 1, and two slideways 2 form an independent unit as a group, and a conveying assembly is movably connected to the independent unit, and a turntable mechanism is installed at the center of the switching plate 1, and a limit assembly is installed on the top of the turntable mechanism, and the limit assembly includes a U-shaped frame 14 and an electric telescopic rod 17, the electric telescopic rod 17 is fixed to the top of the turntable mechanism, and the U-shaped frame 14 is fixed to the output end of the electric telescopic rod 17 by a pin, and both ends of the U-shaped frame 14 are slidably connected with a T-shaped rod 18, and a spring 15 is clamped between the inner wall of one side of the T-shaped rod 18 and the outer wall of one side of the U-shaped frame 14, and a clamping block 16 is welded at one end of the T-shaped rod 18, and the limit assembly also includes a connecting plate 9 fixed to one end of the conveying assembly and a clamping plate 10 welded to one end of the connecting plate 9, and the clamping plate 10 and the two groups of clamping blocks 16 are used in conjunction with each other;

[0036] The switching plate 1 is a cross structure, which constitutes four independent units. In the process of automated production, each independent unit corresponds to a production device. By providing a conveying component, the workpiece can be conveyed to different production devices for station switching according to different specific processes during the production and processing of the workpiece.

[0037] The turntable mechanism plays a central role. When the conveying assembly moves along the independent unit to the turntable mechanism, if the conveying assembly needs to continue to maintain linear motion, the electric telescopic rod 17 drives the U-shaped frame 14 to move downward so that the height of the U-shaped frame 14 is lower than the conveying assembly, so that the conveying assembly can continue to move straight along the turntable mechanism, thereby moving in a straight direction to another independent unit to achieve station exchange.

[0038] When the conveying assembly needs to move sideways, the electric telescopic rod 17 is used to drive the U-shaped frame 14 to move up in advance. When the block 16 moves to be flush with the card board 10, when the conveying assembly moves to the turntable mechanism, the card board 10 will hit the notch formed by the two blocks 16. The cross section of the card board 10 is an isosceles trapezoid. Therefore, after the card board 10 enters the notch, the two groups of blocks 16 are first opened to both sides respectively. When the card board 10 completely enters the notch, the rebound force of the spring 15 is used to make the block 16 and the card board 10 engage with each other, thereby ensuring the stability of the turntable mechanism relative to the conveying assembly. When the conveying assembly needs to move sideways, the turntable mechanism rotates to make the conveying assembly rotate synchronously. Due to the limit between the conveying assembly and the turntable mechanism, the conveying assembly remains stable during rotation, avoiding its equivalent to the movement of the turntable mechanism, thereby ensuring the safety of the conveying process. After the turntable mechanism rotates 90 degrees, the conveying assembly and the lateral independent unit are docked.

[0039] When the conveying component needs to be disconnected from the limiting component, the electric telescopic rod 17 is used to drive the U-shaped frame 14 to move downward. During this process, the inner wall of the block 16 slides down along the outer wall of the card plate 10. When the block 16 and the card plate 10 are completely misaligned, the conveying component and the limiting component are disconnected, and the conveying component can be moved to the lateral independent unit through the turntable mechanism, thereby completing the position change of the workstation.

[0040] The conveying assembly includes a conveying plate 11 and a moving mechanism installed at the bottom thereof, the moving mechanism includes a roller 12 and a receiving frame 13, the receiving frame 13 is welded to the outer wall of the bottom of the conveying plate 11, and the roller 12 is rotatably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the receiving frame 13, and a driving motor 27 is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the receiving frame 13 by bolts, and the output end of the driving motor 27 is connected to one end of the roller 12 through a coupling;

[0041] The conveying plate 11 can carry the workpiece. During conveying, the roller 12 and the slideway 2 are engaged. When the driving motor 2 7 drives the roller 12 to rotate, the roller 12 moves along the surface of the switching plate 1, thereby driving the conveying plate 11 to convey the workpiece.

[0042] The turntable mechanism includes a turntable 4 and a drive motor 6, the drive motor 6 is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the switching plate 1 by bolts, and the turntable 4 is connected to the output end of the drive motor 6 by a coupling, and a slideway 8 is welded on the top outer wall of the turntable 4, and the slideway 8 has the same specifications as the slideway 2;

[0043] When the conveying assembly moves to the top of the turntable 4, the drive motor 6 can be used to drive the turntable 4 to rotate, so that the moving direction of the conveying assembly can be switched by the turntable 4 to achieve the position change.

[0044] The transposition device further includes a controller 5, and the controller 5 is used to control the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limit component;

[0045] The controller 5 performs overall coordination and control according to the overall needs of the production line and the real-time status of each component. For example, when a certain production equipment needs a workpiece, the controller 5 coordinates the actions of the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limit component to ensure that the workpiece can be accurately and efficiently transported to the production equipment.

[0046] When the present embodiment is in use, a slideway 2 is welded to the outer wall at the top of the switching plate 1. The two slideways 2 constitute a group of independent units. There are four groups of independent units in total, corresponding to four production equipment respectively. When the drive motor 2 7 is started, the roller 12 moves along the slideway 2 on the surface of the switching plate 1, thereby driving the conveying plate 11 and the workpiece to shuttle in the production line. When the conveying assembly moves to the top of the turntable 4, the drive motor 1 6 is started to drive the turntable 4 to rotate, thereby switching the moving direction of the conveying assembly. When the conveying assembly needs to move sideways, the electric telescopic rod 17 drives the U-shaped frame 14 to move up, so that the block 16 is aligned with the card plate 10. When the conveying assembly moves to the turntable mechanism, the card plate 10 hits the notch formed by the block 16, and the block is moved by using the isosceles trapezoidal cross section. 16 is spread to both sides. When the card plate 10 completely enters the notch, the rebound force of the spring 15 causes the block 16 to engage with the card plate 10, fixing the relative position between the conveying component and the turntable mechanism. When the conveying component needs to be moved to another independent unit, the electric telescopic rod 17 drives the U-shaped frame 14 to move downward, and the inner wall of the block 16 slides down along the outer wall of the card plate 10 until the block 16 is completely misaligned with the card plate 10, and the conveying component is disconnected from the limit component. The controller 5 is used to control the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limit component. The controller 5 coordinates and controls the actions of the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limit component according to the overall needs of the production line and the real-time status of each component to ensure that the workpiece can be accurately and efficiently transported to the production equipment.

[0047] Embodiment 2:

[0048] An intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line, such as Figures 1 to 8 As shown, in order to stably convey workpieces of different types or sizes, this embodiment makes the following supplements on the basis of Embodiment 1: a bearing member is fixed to the top of the conveying plate 11 by a quick-release member, and the quick-release member includes a vertical plate 19 and a guide rod 25, the vertical plate 19 is welded to the outer wall of the top of the conveying plate 11, and the guide rod 25 is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the vertical plate 19 by a pin, and a slide seat 33 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the guide rod 25, and an insert block 29 is welded to the top of the slide seat 33, and a bracket 32 ​​is welded to the bottom of the slide seat 33, and multiple brackets 32 are driven by a driving mechanism, and the bearing member includes a mounting plate 3, a fixing seat 20 and a column 21, and the mounting plate 3 and the column 21 are fixed by welding through the fixing seat 20, and an annular groove 24 adapted to the insert block 29 is opened on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing seat 20;

[0049] In the actual production process, workpieces of different types or sizes need to be fixed using specific clamps or placement racks. The clamps or placement racks can be pre-fixed using the mounting plate 3. When a specific workpiece needs to be produced, the mounting plate 3 equipped with the clamps or placement racks can be selected and assembled between the quick-release parts and the conveying plate 11, so as to facilitate the rapid fixation of the specific workpiece. During assembly, the column 21 is placed on the conveying plate 11 so that the insert block 29 and the annular groove 24 are aligned. When the driving mechanism drives multiple brackets 32 to move synchronously, the insert block 29 and the slide seat 33 slide along the guide rod 25. When the insert block 29 is inserted into the inner wall of the annular groove 24, the fixation of the carrier is completed.

[0050] The driving mechanism includes a lining rod 26 and a lifting plate 34, the lining rod 26 is fixed to the top outer wall of the conveying plate 11 by a pin, and the lifting plate 34 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the lining rod 26, a guide plate 31 is welded to the top outer wall of the lifting plate 34, and a connecting rod 27 is rotatably connected between the guide plate 31 and the bracket 32, the driving mechanism also includes a driving motor 3 23 and a threaded column 30, the driving motor 3 23 is fixed to the bottom outer wall of the conveying plate 11 by bolts, and the threaded column 30 is connected to the output end of the driving motor 3 23 through a coupling, and the threaded column 30 and the lifting plate 34 are threadedly connected;

[0051] When the driving motor 3 23 drives the threaded column 30 to rotate, the lifting plate 34 moves in the vertical direction under the guidance of the liner rod 26, and the connecting rod 27 is used to convert the vertical movement of the lifting plate 34 into the lateral movement of the slide 33 along the guide rod 25. Multiple slides 33 and the insert block 29 maintain synchronous movement, so that the insert block 29 is inserted into the annular groove 24 to limit the position of the carrier.

[0052] A positioning block 28 is welded on the top outer wall of the conveying plate 11, and a slot 22 adapted to the positioning block 28 is provided at the bottom of the column 21;

[0053] The positioning block 28 and the clamping groove 22 can play a role in positioning the column 21, so that the insertion block 29 and the annular groove 24 can be quickly aligned, thereby improving the fixing efficiency of the bearing member.

[0054] The above is a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement made by any technician familiar with the field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention in combination with the prior art or public common sense, within the spirit and principle of the present invention, shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An intelligent station switching device for an industrial automated production line, comprising a switching board (1), characterized in that: A slideway (2) is welded to the outer wall of the top of the switching plate (1), and two slideways (2) form a group to form an independent unit, and a conveying assembly is movably connected to the independent unit. A turntable mechanism is installed at the center of the switching plate (1), and a limit assembly is installed on the top of the turntable mechanism. The limit assembly includes a U-shaped frame (14) and an electric telescopic rod (17). The electric telescopic rod (17) is fixed to the top of the turntable mechanism, and the U-shaped frame (14) is fixed to the electric telescopic rod (17) by a pin. 17) output end, and both ends of the U-shaped frame (14) are movably connected with T-shaped rods (18), and a spring (15) is clamped between the inner wall of one side of the T-shaped rod (18) and the outer wall of one side of the U-shaped frame (14), and a clamping block (16) is welded at one end of the T-shaped rod (18), and the limiting assembly also includes a connecting plate (9) fixed to one end of the conveying assembly and a clamping plate (10) welded to one end of the connecting plate (9), and the clamping plate (10) and the two groups of clamping blocks (16) are used in coordination with each other.

2. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conveying assembly comprises a conveying plate (11) and a moving mechanism installed at the bottom thereof, the moving mechanism comprising a roller (12) and a receiving frame (13), the receiving frame (13) being welded to the outer wall at the bottom of the conveying plate (11), and the roller (12) being movably connected between the inner walls on both sides of the receiving frame (13), and a second driving motor (7) being fixed to the outer wall on one side of the receiving frame (13), and the output end of the second driving motor (7) being connected to one end of the roller (12) through a coupling.

3. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 2, characterized in that: The turntable mechanism comprises a turntable (4) and a drive motor (6), wherein the drive motor (6) is fixed to the bottom inner wall of the switching plate (1), and the turntable (4) is connected to the output end of the drive motor (6) via a coupling, and a slideway (8) is welded to the top outer wall of the turntable (4), and the slideway (8) and the slideway (2) have the same specifications.

4. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bearing member is fixed to the top of the conveying plate (11) via a quick-release member, the quick-release member comprising a vertical plate (19) and a guide rod (25), the vertical plate (19) is welded to the outer wall of the top of the conveying plate (11), and the guide rod (25) is fixed to the outer wall of one side of the vertical plate (19) via a pin, and a slide seat (33) is movably connected to the outer wall of the guide rod (25), and an insert block (29) is welded to the top of the slide seat (33), and a bracket (32) is welded to the bottom of the slide seat (33), and the plurality of brackets (32) are driven by a driving mechanism.

5. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 4, characterized in that: The bearing member comprises a mounting plate (3), a fixing seat (20) and a column (21); the mounting plate (3) and the column (21) are fixed by welding via the fixing seat (20); and an annular groove (24) adapted to the insert block (29) is provided on the circumferential outer wall of the fixing seat (20).

6. The intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 5, characterized in that: The driving mechanism comprises a lining rod (26) and a lifting plate (34), wherein the lining rod (26) is fixed to the top outer wall of the conveying plate (11) by a pin, and the lifting plate (34) is movably connected to the outer wall of the lining rod (26), a guide plate (31) is welded to the top outer wall of the lifting plate (34), and a connecting rod (27) is movably connected between the guide plate (31) and the bracket (32).

7. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driving mechanism also includes a driving motor three (23) and a threaded column (30), wherein the driving motor three (23) is fixed to the outer wall of the bottom of the conveying plate (11), and the threaded column (30) is connected to the output end of the driving motor three (23) through a coupling, and the threaded column (30) and the lifting plate (34) are threadedly connected.

8. The intelligent workstation switching device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 7, characterized in that: A positioning block (28) is welded to the outer wall of the top of the conveying plate (11), and a slot (22) adapted to the positioning block (28) is provided at the bottom of the column (21). The positioning block (28) and the slot (22) are used to position the column (21) so that the insert block (29) and the annular groove (24) are quickly aligned.

9. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 8, characterized in that: The transposition device also includes a controller (5), and the controller (5) is used to control the conveying component, the turntable mechanism and the limiting component.

10. The intelligent workstation transposition device for an industrial automated production line according to claim 9, characterized in that: The switching plate (1) is a cross structure, forming a total of four groups of independent units, each of which corresponds to a production device.

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