Solar seawater desalination device with light gathering performance and organic matter degradation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination, and discloses a solar seawater desalination device with light gathering performance and organic matter degradation, which comprises a light gathering device, an evaporation device, an organic matter degradation device and a purified water collection device, and energy support is provided for the evaporation device. Meanwhile, a vault cylinder is arranged in the upper device body, and an organic matter degradation device is assembled on the inner wall of the vault cylinder, so that volatile organic matters in seawater can be efficiently degraded. In addition, the lower device body adopts an elliptical inclined plane design, so that a water flow path is optimized, and efficient collection of purified water is facilitated. The device not only overcomes the limitations of the traditional seawater desalination device in the aspects of illumination efficiency, organic matter treatment and maintenance cost, but also has the advantages of simple structure, low operation cost, convenience in management and maintenance and the like. The device is not only suitable for seawater desalination, but also can be used for purification treatment of organic wastewater and dye wastewater.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of seawater desalination, and in particular relates to a solar seawater desalination device with light-collecting performance and organic matter degradation. Background Art

[0002] Freshwater resources, a key element for sustaining life, only account for 2.8% of the total water on Earth, of which less than 1% is directly available for human use. However, about 29% of the world's population is facing a shortage of safe drinking water, and this contradiction between supply and demand is becoming increasingly severe due to population growth and environmental pollution.

[0003] Compared with traditional seawater desalination technologies such as reverse osmosis, multi-stage flash evaporation and multi-effect distillation, which are energy-intensive and costly processes, solar interfacial water evaporation technology has gradually become a research hotspot because it relies only on sunlight as an energy source, has no secondary pollution and has low implementation costs. Among them, solar seawater evaporation technology (Solar Steam Generation, SSG) has shown broad application prospects because it can obtain fresh water from seawater, rivers, lakes and even sewage. Current research mainly focuses on the design and development of photothermal materials to improve the efficiency of fresh water production, while there is relatively little research on the fresh water collection device system in SSG. However, this device system is crucial to improving the efficiency of solar energy utilization and the fresh water collection rate, and it deserves further in-depth exploration.

[0004] In addition, various organic substances inevitably exist in seawater during the desalination process. Among them, organic pollutants with lower boiling points can evaporate together with water or even before water during the evaporation process, and then be enriched in the distilled water phase, posing a potential threat to the subsequent use of clean fresh water. However, at present, most solar desalination devices have obvious shortcomings in dealing with this problem and lack the ability to effectively degrade trace organic pollutants in seawater.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN108975436A discloses a solar desalination system, which is based on the convex lens focusing principle in geometric optics. After refracting sunlight through a double-stage lens, it focuses it into the seawater container, thereby achieving direct heating of the seawater. This method uses a double convex lens for two-stage focusing. Although it can improve the evaporation efficiency of seawater, it also has some limitations. Specifically, the structure of the device is relatively complex, the maintenance cost is high, and the double-layer focusing has very strict requirements on the preparation process of the lens. Therefore, the device is currently only suitable for large-scale desalination operations. At the same time, the system does not involve the degradation of organic pollutants. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above problems and provide a solar seawater desalination device with light collection performance and organic matter degradation, which can improve the desalination efficiency of seawater and degrade organic matter in seawater. At the same time, the device has a simple structure and low maintenance cost.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: The present invention provides a solar seawater desalination device with light-collecting performance and organic matter degradation, comprising an upper device body and a lower device body, wherein a light-collecting device is arranged on the top of the upper device body, a dome cylinder is provided inside the upper device body, an organic matter degradation device is arranged on the inner wall of the dome of the dome cylinder, an evaporation device is arranged inside the dome cylinder, the upper device body and the lower device body are detachably connected, an elliptical inclined surface is arranged inside the lower device body, and the bottom of the elliptical inclined surface is connected to a purified water collection device.

[0008] A further improvement of the present invention is that the light focusing device comprises a convex lens, and the convex lens is arranged on the top of the upper device body; The evaporation device comprises a water inlet, a photothermal evaporation material and an evaporation water container, one end of the water inlet is arranged inside the evaporation water container, the other end of the water inlet extends out of the side wall of the upper device body, and the photothermal evaporation material is arranged inside the evaporation water container; The organic matter degradation device includes a semiconductor coating, and the semiconductor coating is arranged on the inner wall of the dome cylinder; The purified water collecting device comprises a water outlet and a water collecting container. The water outlet is arranged at the bottom end of the elliptical slope, and the water collecting container is located on the side of the lower device body and connected to the water outlet.

[0009] A further improvement of the present invention is that the convex lens is made of glass, acrylic or polymer material.

[0010] A further improvement of the present invention is that a transparent closed space is formed between the convex lens and the dome cylinder.

[0011] A further improvement of the present invention is that the water inlet is an L-shaped pipe made of glass, acrylic or ceramic.

[0012] A further improvement of the present invention is that the photothermal evaporation material is a black film-like or block-like material composited with a photothermal conversion material and a gel material or a film-like material.

[0013] A further improvement of the present invention is that a container cover is arranged above the water collection container, a hole is opened on the side of the container cover, the water outlet is connected to the hole, and the material of the container cover is glass, acrylic or ceramic.

[0014] A further improvement of the present invention is that a cross support frame is integrally provided at the top of the lower device body, the upper device body is arranged above the cross support frame, and an annular outer edge structure is provided at the connection between the upper device body and the lower device body.

[0015] A further improvement of the present invention is that the evaporated water container is arranged at the center of the cross support frame, and the cross support frame is made of glass, acrylic or polymer material.

[0016] A further improvement of the present invention is that both the upper device body and the lower device body are cylindrical structures.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a solar seawater desalination device with light-collecting performance and organic matter degradation. The light-collecting device located at the top of the upper device body significantly enhances the intensity of sunlight, providing sufficient energy support for the evaporation device. At the same time, a dome cylinder is provided inside the upper device body, and an organic matter degradation device is installed on its inner wall, which can efficiently degrade volatile organic matter in seawater, thereby significantly improving the purity of the collected water quality. In addition, the lower device body adopts an elliptical slope design, which optimizes the water flow path and contributes to the efficient collection of purified water. This device not only overcomes the limitations of traditional seawater desalination devices in terms of lighting efficiency, organic matter treatment and maintenance costs, but also has the advantages of simple structure, low operating cost, and convenient management and maintenance. This device is not only suitable for seawater desalination, but also can be used for the purification of organic wastewater and dye wastewater.

[0018] Furthermore, a transparent closed space is formed between the convex lens and the dome cylinder, and the space is filled with air, which can increase the thermal insulation performance and prevent the water vapor generated by evaporation from liquefying on the surface of the convex lens and affecting the intensity of incident light, thereby ensuring the stability of the evaporation process.

[0019] Furthermore, a cross support frame is integrally provided at the top of the lower device body, the upper device body is arranged above the cross support frame, and an annular outer edge structure is provided at the connection between the upper device body and the lower device body. The annular outer edge structure realizes a sealed connection between the upper device body and the lower device body, thereby ensuring the integrated assembly of the device. At the same time, the stability of the structure and the optimization of the sealing performance are achieved through the extension and connection of the annular outer edge. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The accompanying drawings described herein are only for explanation purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way. In addition, the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components in the drawings are only schematic, used to help understand the present invention, and are not intended to specifically limit the shapes and proportional dimensions of the various components of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 1 A side view of the solar desalination device for light collection and organic matter degradation of the present invention; Figure 2 The front view of the solar desalination device with light collection performance and organic matter degradation of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a detailed diagram of the cross support structure of the present invention.

[0022] Among them: 1. upper device body; 2. lower device body; 3. convex lens; 4. dome cylinder; 5. semiconductor coating; 6. cross support frame; 7. water inlet; 8. photothermal evaporation material; 9. evaporated water container; 10. elliptical slope; 11. water outlet; 12. water collection container. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0024] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0025] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0026] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inner", etc. indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the product of the invention is usually placed when in use, it is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used to distinguish the description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0027] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component is required to be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", which does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0028] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it is also necessary to explain that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "set", "install", "connect", and "connect" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal connection of two components. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0029] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention provides a solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation, comprising an upper device body 1, a lower device body 2, a convex lens 3, a dome cylinder 4, a semiconductor coating 5, a cross support frame 6, a water inlet 7, a photothermal evaporation material 8, an evaporation water container 9, an elliptical slope 10, a water outlet 11 and a water collection container 12; wherein the upper device body 1 and the lower device body 2 are both configured as cylindrical structures, and the upper device body 1 and the lower device body 2 are detachably connected, so as to facilitate the replacement of the photothermal evaporation material 8 and other operations.

[0030] Specifically, a cross support frame 6 is integrally provided at the top of the lower device body 2, the upper device body 1 is provided above the cross support frame 6, and an annular outer edge structure is provided at the connection between the upper device body 1 and the lower device body 2, and a sealed connection between the upper device body 1 and the lower device body 2 is achieved through the annular outer edge structure. This design ensures the integrated assembly of the device, and at the same time, the stability of the structure and the optimization of the sealing performance are achieved through the extension and connection of the annular outer edge.

[0031] As a preferred solution, the cross support frame 6 is inscribed in the inner wall of the lower device body 2, and the material includes but is not limited to glass, acrylic and other polymer materials.

[0032] A focusing device is arranged on the top of the upper device body 1, and a dome cylinder 4 is opened inside the upper device body 1. The focusing device includes a convex lens 3. A transparent closed space is formed between the convex lens 3 and the dome cylinder 4. Air is passed into the space, which can not only allow sunlight to directly irradiate on the photothermal material, but also play a role in heat preservation and reduce heat loss. The material of the convex lens 3 includes but is not limited to excellent light-transmitting materials such as glass, acrylic and other polymer materials.

[0033] An organic matter degradation device is arranged on the inner wall of the dome of the dome cylinder 4, and an evaporation device is arranged inside the dome cylinder 4; wherein, the organic matter degradation device comprises a semiconductor coating 5, which is a film-like transparent material prepared by a composite method and is attached to the entire inner wall of the dome cylinder 4 made of glass or acrylic. The water vapor generated by evaporation contacts the semiconductor coating 5 on the inner wall of the device, undergoes a degradation reaction and liquefies into water droplets which further flow into the water collection container 12. Specifically, the semiconductor coating 5 is a semiconductor and an organic polymer material.

[0034] See also Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, the evaporation device includes a water inlet 7, a photothermal evaporation material 8 and an evaporation water container 9. The water inlet 7 is an L-shaped pipe made of glass, acrylic or ceramic. One end of the water inlet 7 is arranged inside the evaporation water container 9, and the other end of the water inlet 7 extends out of the side wall of the upper device body 1. The water source is continuously provided to the evaporation water container 9 through one end of the water inlet 7 extending out of the side wall, so that evaporation continues; the photothermal evaporation material 8 is arranged inside the evaporation water container 9, and the evaporation water container 9 is arranged at the center of the cross support frame 6. The cross support frame 6 is arranged in a circular structure, and concentric circles are arranged at the center. Four symmetrical fan-shaped hollows are arranged between the concentric circles and the outer circle of the cross support frame 6, and the four fan-shaped hollows are evenly distributed in a cross-symmetrical form; on the one hand, the cross support frame 6 plays a role in supporting the evaporation water container 9, and on the other hand, the four fan-shaped hollows allow the evaporated water to be transmitted to the elliptical inclined surface 10, and then the water flows into the water collection container 12 by gravity.

[0035] As a preferred solution, the photothermal evaporation material 8 is a black film or block material composited with a photothermal conversion material and a gel material or a film material. The shape of the material is usually circular, but can also be any shape. The photothermal evaporation material 8 floats on the water surface, transferring water from the bottom surface to the top surface for evaporation.

[0036] The evaporated water container 9 is used to hold the water to be evaporated. Since the water to be evaporated is salt water, sea water, organic polluted water, etc., the evaporated water container 9 is made of corrosion-resistant materials such as glass and ceramics.

[0037] like Figure 2As shown, an elliptical slope 10 is arranged inside the lower device body 2. The arrangement of the elliptical slope 10 facilitates the transportation of purified water. The elliptical slope 10 is connected to a purified water collecting device, and the purified water collecting device comprises a water outlet 11 and a water collecting container 12. The water outlet 11 is arranged at the bottom end of the elliptical slope 10, and the water outlet 11 is parallel to the elliptical slope 10. The water collecting container 12 is located on the side of the lower device body 2. A container cover is arranged above the water collecting container 12 to prevent the collected water from evaporating again. A hole is opened on the side of the container cover, and the water outlet 11 is connected to the hole. The water outlet 11 is arranged at an angle, which is conducive to the collection of purified water. Specifically, the container cover is made of glass, acrylic or ceramic.

[0038] How it works The solar desalination device with light-collecting performance and organic matter degradation of the present invention delivers seawater to the evaporation water container 9 through the water inlet 7, and the photothermal evaporation material 8 adsorbs the seawater to the material surface, and the black surface absorbs the intensified solar radiation gathered by the convex lens 3, so that the surface temperature continues to rise, thereby realizing the evaporation of seawater. The evaporated water vapor encounters the inner wall of the upper device body 1 with a lower temperature, condenses and liquefies, and at the same time contacts and reacts with the semiconductor coating 5 on the inner wall to degrade the volatile organic matter therein, and then the water droplets flow along the side wall through the fan-shaped hollowing of the cross support frame 6 to the elliptical inclined surface 10. Due to the inclined setting of the inclined surface, the water droplets will reach the outlet 11 parallel to the inclined surface faster and enter the water collection container 12. The energy used for evaporation of the present invention comes entirely from solar energy, which realizes environmental protection, energy saving, and no secondary pollution. At the same time, the black gel material has excellent water transmission performance, low density, and will not produce salt precipitation, which is conducive to the stable evaporation of seawater. The convex lens 3 on the top collects sunlight, speeding up the evaporation rate of seawater, and can further degrade organic matter in combination with the semiconductor coating 5, so that the quality of the purified water is further improved. This device can not only desalinate seawater, but also treat organic wastewater and dye wastewater, etc., and has a wide range of applications.

[0039] Many embodiments and many applications beyond the examples provided will be apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the above description. Therefore, the scope of the present teachings should not be determined with reference to the above description, but rather with reference to the preceding claims and the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled. For the purpose of comprehensiveness, all articles and references, including disclosures of patent applications and publications, are incorporated herein by reference. The omission of any aspect of the subject matter disclosed herein in the preceding claims is not intended to be a disclaimer of such subject matter, nor should it be considered that the applicants did not consider such subject matter to be part of the disclosed inventive subject matter.

[0040] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention. It cannot be determined that the specific implementation methods of the present invention are limited to these. For ordinary technicians in the technical field to which the present invention belongs, without departing from the concept of the present invention, they can also make several simple deductions or substitutions, which should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention determined by the submitted claims.

Claims

1. A solar desalination device for concentrating light and degrading organic matter, characterized in that: The device comprises an upper device body (1) and a lower device body (2), wherein a focusing device is arranged on the top of the upper device body (1), a dome cylinder (4) is provided inside the upper device body (1), an organic matter degradation device is provided on the inner wall of the dome of the dome cylinder (4), an evaporation device is provided inside the dome cylinder (4), the upper device body (1) and the lower device body (2) are detachably connected, an elliptical inclined surface (10) is provided inside the lower device body (2), and the bottom of the elliptical inclined surface (10) is connected to a purified water collection device.

2. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light focusing device comprises a convex lens (3), wherein the convex lens (3) is arranged on the top of the upper device body (1); The evaporation device comprises a water inlet (7), a photothermal evaporation material (8) and an evaporation water container (9); one end of the water inlet (7) is arranged inside the evaporation water container (9), the other end of the water inlet (7) extends out of the side wall of the upper device body (1), and the photothermal evaporation material (8) is arranged inside the evaporation water container (9); The organic matter degradation device comprises a semiconductor coating (5), wherein the semiconductor coating (5) is arranged on the inner wall of the dome cylinder (4); The purified water collection device comprises a water outlet (11) and a water collection container (12); the water outlet (11) is arranged at the bottom end of the elliptical inclined surface (10); and the water collection container (12) is located on the side of the lower device body (2) and is connected to the water outlet (11).

3. A solar desalination device for concentrating light and degrading organic matter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The convex lens (3) is made of glass, acrylic or polymer material.

4. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transparent closed space is formed between the convex lens (3) and the dome cylinder (4).

5. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The water inlet (7) is an L-shaped pipe made of glass, acrylic or ceramic.

6. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 2, characterized in that: The photothermal evaporation material (8) is a black film-like or block-like material composited with a photothermal conversion material and a gel material or a film-like material.

7. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 2, characterized in that: A container cover is arranged above the water collection container (12), a hole is opened on the side of the container cover, the water outlet (11) is connected to the hole, and the material of the container cover is glass, acrylic or ceramic.

8. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cross support frame (6) is integrally provided at the top of the lower device body (2), the upper device body (1) is arranged above the cross support frame (6), and an annular outer edge structure is provided at the connection between the upper device body (1) and the lower device body (2).

9. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 2 or 8, characterized in that: The evaporated water container (9) is arranged at the center of the cross support frame (6), and the cross support frame (6) is made of glass, acrylic or polymer material.

10. A solar seawater desalination device with concentrated light performance and organic matter degradation according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper device body (1) and the lower device body (2) are both cylindrical structures.

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