Electric coupling extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis method and electric coupling extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device

Abstract

The invention discloses an electric coupling extended range solar driven target selective electrodialysis method and device, and relates to the technical field of drinking water treatment clean energy driving. The specific preparation method comprises the steps that the electrodialysis device is arranged at the front end of the solar controller, the electrodialysis device works as an energy storage battery in a trough region, and the electrodialysis device works as a peak elimination resistor in a peak region, so that system energy management is optimized. Through the selective effect of an ion exchange membrane in the electrodialysis device, under the condition that a water phase is not damaged, wastewater can be effectively desalted, the load on a subsequent treatment system is reduced, valuable salt resources are recycled, and resource utilization is achieved. And the system is particularly suitable for regions with high solar radiation intensity, new energy is developed and utilized, and the problem of energy shortage is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of clean energy driving technology for drinking water treatment, and in particular to an electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis method and device. Background Art

[0002] Regarding the quality of drinking water, there are differences in different regions. These problems require different methods to deeply treat drinking water, including: ozone-activated carbon method, membrane separation method, biological activated carbon method, stripping method, etc. The indicators that exceed the standard include mineralization, total hardness, nitrate, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, iron, manganese, chloride, sulfate, pH value, fluoride, phenol, etc. For low-concentration target ions such as fluoride, electrodialysis is widely used as a membrane separation technology. The electrodialysis process is a combination of electrochemical process and dialysis diffusion process. Driven by an external DC electric field, the selective permeability of the ion exchange membrane (that is, cations can pass through the cation exchange membrane, and anions can pass through the anion exchange membrane) is used to move anions and cations to the anode and cathode respectively. During the ion migration process, if the fixed charge of the membrane is opposite to the charge of the ion, the ion can pass through; if their charges are the same, the ion is repelled, thereby achieving the purpose of desalination, concentration, refinement or purification of the solution. In the present invention, electrodialysis is coupled to a solar power supply system as an electrical component to develop a clean, low-energy, and low-cost treatment process for the separation and recovery of target ions such as fluorine. The device not only realizes energy utilization, but also realizes the desalination of drinking water. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis method and device, coupling the electrodialysis device as an electrical component to a solar power supply system, and developing a clean, low-energy, and low-cost wastewater treatment process to solve the water pollution problem.

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention specifically provides the following technical solutions: The present invention discloses an electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device, comprising: a solar panel, an electrodialysis device, a solar controller, a battery and a pump; the electrodialysis device is connected in series before the solar controller, and the working property of the electrodialysis device in the trough zone is an energy storage battery, and the working property of the electrodialysis device in the peak zone is a peak elimination resistor.

[0005] Preferably, the electrodialysis device comprises a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane, the anion exchange membrane is a homogeneous ion exchange membrane or a modified anion exchange membrane, and the modified anion exchange membrane is prepared from a polysulfone derivative and a chitosan derivative. Introducing chitosan derivatives into polysulfone derivatives to prepare modified anion exchange membranes can effectively improve the performance of anion exchange membranes, promote the formation of microphase separation structures in the membrane, thereby improving elongation at break and improving electrodialysis performance, namely, desalination rate and current efficiency.

[0006] Preferably, the power supply voltage of the electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selectivity device is 6-24V, and the water production capacity is 20-200L / day.

[0007] Preferably, the peak voltage of the solar panel is the sum of the voltage of the battery plus the electrodialysis device, and the peak power is the sum of the power of the battery plus the electrodialysis device.

[0008] Preferably, the solar panels are replaced with 220V transformers with a rated voltage of 6-24V in case of system emergency.

[0009] Preferably, in the trough region, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is in a disconnected state, and only supplies power to the electrodialysis device, and the stable rated voltage required for the pump is supplied by the battery; in the peak region, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is in a connected state.

[0010] Preferably, the rated voltage of the electrodialysis device is 6-24V and the power is 1-6W.

[0011] Preferably, the rated voltage of the battery is 6-24V, the energy storage is 1000-8000mAh, and the rated power of the battery is used to power the pump.

[0012] Preferably, the pump is of DC rated power, and a single pump or two pumps, a fresh water pump and a concentrated water pump, are connected in parallel.

[0013] The invention discloses an application of the above-mentioned electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in a wastewater treatment device.

[0014] The present invention discloses an electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device, comprising: a solar panel, an electrodialysis device, a solar controller, a storage battery and a pump. The electrodialysis device is connected in series before the solar controller to realize the intelligent distribution of system energy. In the trough area, the electrodialysis device works as an energy storage battery, and in the peak area, the electrodialysis device works as a peak elimination resistor, and the function of grid load balancing is realized by efficiently consuming electrical energy. To realize the intelligent distribution of system energy.

[0015] Preferably, the electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device is a compact device suitable for small household scenarios, having the characteristics of both high efficiency and portability.

[0016] Preferably, the power supply voltage of the electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selectivity device is 6-24 V. The low voltage range design ensures the safety and applicability of the device, and can be adapted to a variety of household solar power supply systems.

[0017] Preferably, the water output of the electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective device is 20-200 L / day, meeting the daily needs of ordinary households for purified water. Preferably, the electrodialysis device is arranged before the solar controller to realize the intelligent distribution of system energy. In the valley area with low grid load, when the solar output voltage is lower than the rated starting voltage of the solar controller, the solar controller is in a disconnected state to avoid invalid power loss, and only the electrodialysis device is powered, making full use of intermittent solar output to achieve ion selective separation. The dynamic pump in the device, as a key operating component of the system, is powered by a stable rated voltage provided by a battery to ensure continuous and reliable operation of the pump.

[0018] Preferably, the electrodialysis device is arranged before the solar controller to achieve efficient use of solar energy resources and dynamic regulation of system energy flow. In the peak area where the grid load is high, when the solar output voltage is higher than the rated voltage of the solar controller, the solar controller enters the connection state, allowing solar power to charge the battery first to reserve energy for subsequent use. At the same time, the electrical energy in the solar output that is higher than the rated voltage is directly used to drive the target ion selective electrodialysis unit to achieve stratified utilization of electrical energy. The drive pump in the device is powered by a stable voltage provided by the battery to ensure the operational reliability of the pump and the overall stability of the system.

[0019] Preferably, an efficient solar panel design is adopted, and its peak voltage is determined by the sum of the battery charging voltage and the electrodialysis device operating voltage, and the peak power is also the product of the sum of the battery charging voltage and the electrodialysis device operating voltage. By optimizing the electrical characteristics and load matching of the solar panel, the system significantly reduces the area requirement of the solar panel while achieving efficient energy utilization, making its total area only 50% of the traditional design.

[0020] Preferably, the rated voltage of the electrodialysis device is 6-24V to adapt to the fluctuation characteristics of different solar voltage outputs. The power is 1-6W, and the specific power consumption depends on the actual situation of the workload and solar energy input.

[0021] Preferably, the solar controller is designed as a simple and efficient resistor peak elimination controller, and its working principle is based on voltage switch control. When the solar input voltage exceeds the set rated voltage, the controller is in the "on" state, allowing electric energy to pass through and supply the battery and electrodialysis device for use, so as to make full use of the excess solar power for storage and consumption. When the solar input voltage is lower than the rated voltage, the controller enters the "off" state and automatically disconnects from the system to avoid energy waste or unstable equipment operation caused by low voltage.

[0022] Preferably, the rated voltage of the battery is 6-24V, and the energy storage is 1000-8000mAh. The main function of the battery is to provide a stable power supply for the water pump in the system. Its output power is always controlled within the rated power range to ensure the normal operation of the pump and the stability of the system. Compared with traditional batteries, the capacity of this battery is only 1 / 10 to 1 / 5 of that of traditional batteries.

[0023] Preferably, the pump is a DC-driven pump with a fixed rated power to ensure stable and efficient water transportation and circulation. According to system requirements, the pump can be configured in single-pump mode, which is suitable for smaller-scale application scenarios to meet daily water treatment and transportation needs. In addition, a fresh water pump and a concentrated water pump can be configured in parallel to cope with larger-scale or more demanding water treatment tasks. This parallel method can achieve separate treatment and transportation of fresh water and concentrated water, optimize the energy efficiency ratio of the system, and provide flexible load management to ensure that the system can balance output and meet different water quality requirements under different working conditions.

[0024] Preferably, when the solar panel cannot supply power normally due to abnormal conditions, a 220V AC power supply is used as a backup energy input, and the voltage is converted into a rated 6-24V DC voltage through a transformer.

[0025] Preferably, the pump power is 4-8W and the voltage is 10-15V.

[0026] Preferably, the solar panel specifications are 6-24V, 18-24W.

[0027] Preferably, the voltage of the solar controller is 10-15V.

[0028] Preferably, the electrodialysis device is composed of a solar photovoltaic panel, an electrodialysis membrane stack, a membrane stack water inlet, a membrane stack water outlet, an electrode plate, an ion exchange membrane, a power cord, a conduit, a discharge tank, a feed tank, a polar liquid tank, a positive electrode of a plate, and a negative electrode of a plate. Combined with optimization parameters such as high current density and flow rate, efficient separation and recovery of specific target ions, fluoride ions and nitrate ions can be achieved. The working principle is based on the electrodialysis process, using an electric field to drive ions to migrate on an ion exchange membrane, thereby achieving effective separation between different ions. By adjusting the current density, fluid flow rate, and electric field strength, the migration rate and distribution of ions can be accurately controlled, thereby improving the recovery efficiency of target ions.

[0029] The present invention discloses an electrodialysis device, specifically comprising: The electrodialysis system includes a power supply, a flow meter, an electrodialysis membrane stack, a circulation pump and a water tank. The electrodialysis membrane stack includes an anode electrode plate, a separator, a cathode electrode plate and a membrane unit.

[0030] Preferably, the separator is a separator commonly used in the field of electrodialysis.

[0031] Preferably, the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are respectively arranged at two ends of the membrane stack, the anode electrode plate is connected to the positive electrode of the power supply, and the cathode electrode plate is connected to the negative electrode of the power supply.

[0032] Preferably, the membrane unit is located between the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate, and includes an anion exchange membrane and a repeating unit membrane in sequence from the anode electrode plate to the cathode electrode plate.

[0033] More preferably, in the repeating unit membranes, unit membranes formed by cation exchange membranes and anion exchange membranes are repeatedly arranged, and the number of the repeating unit membranes is 2-20.

[0034] Preferably, the positive electrode plate, the membrane stack and the negative electrode plate are spaced to form an anode chamber, a repeating unit chamber and a cathode chamber in sequence, the repeating unit chamber is a repeating unit chamber formed by a dilute chamber and a concentrated chamber, and the number of the repeating unit chambers corresponds to the number of the repeating unit membranes.

[0035] Preferably, the polar chamber water tank is connected to the polar chamber through a conduit, so that the polar liquid flows from the polar chamber water tank into the cathode chamber and the anode chamber in sequence and then flows back to the polar chamber water tank. The concentrate chamber water tank is connected to the concentrate chamber water inlet and outlet through a conduit, so that the concentrate water flows from the concentrate chamber water tank into the electrodialysis membrane stack in sequence and then flows back to the concentrate chamber water tank. The dilute chamber water tank is connected to the dilute chamber water inlet and outlet through a conduit, and flows from the dilute chamber water tank into the electrodialysis membrane stack in sequence and then flows back to the dilute chamber water tank. Preferably, the ion exchange membrane includes a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane.

[0036] More preferably, the cation exchange membrane is a homogeneous ion exchange membrane, and the anion exchange membrane is a homogeneous ion exchange membrane or a modified anion exchange membrane.

[0037] The present invention discloses a method for preparing epoxy ammonium chloride, which is specifically: Mix 2-(2-(chloromethyl)phenyl)ethylene oxide and trimethylamine acetone solution, react at 8-15° C. for 5-10 hours, wash and dry after the reaction to obtain epoxy ammonium chloride.

[0038] Preferably, the trimethylamine-acetone solution consists of trimethylamine and acetone, and the usage ratio of trimethylamine to acetone is 1 mol: 480-550 ml.

[0039] Preferably, the usage ratio of 2-(2-(chloromethyl)phenyl)ethylene oxide to trimethylamine acetone solution is 1 mol:500-600 ml.

[0040] Preferably, the washing agent is acetone.

[0041] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a polysulfone derivative, which specifically comprises: Mix N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine with ethyl acetate, then add iodomethane solution and react at 30°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, add ethyl acetate to wash and obtain the intermediate. Add polysulfone, chloromethyl octyl ether and tin tetrachloride to dichloromethane and react at 30-40°C for 25-40 minutes. After the reaction, add ethanol to separate the precipitate and dry to obtain chloromethyl polysulfone. Add chloromethyl polysulfone and the intermediate to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone and react at 70-80°C for 40-55 hours. After the reaction, add ethyl acetate to precipitate, wash and dry to obtain a polysulfone derivative.

[0042] Preferably, the volume ratio of N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine to ethyl acetate is 1:0.8-1.2.

[0043] Preferably, the iodomethane solution consists of iodomethane and ethyl acetate, and the volume ratio of iodomethane to ethyl acetate is 1:15-19.

[0044] Preferably, the volume ratio of N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine to iodomethane solution is 1:0.8-1.2.

[0045] Preferably, the usage ratio of polysulfone and chloromethyl octyl ether is 1 g: 5-10 ml.

[0046] Preferably, the usage ratio of polysulfone to tin tetrachloride is 1 g: 0.1-0.5 ml.

[0047] Preferably, the usage ratio of polysulfone to dichloromethane is 1 g:40-60 ml.

[0048] Preferably, the usage ratio of chloromethyl polysulfone to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is 1 g: 5-15 ml.

[0049] Preferably, the mass ratio of the amount of chloromethyl polysulfone to the amount of the intermediate is 1:1-2.

[0050] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a chitosan derivative, which specifically comprises: Water and acetic acid are added to chitosan, and epoxy ammonium chloride is added under nitrogen conditions, and the reaction is carried out at 60-70° C. for 20-30 hours. After the reaction is completed, a precipitate is added to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate is washed and dried to obtain a chitosan derivative.

[0051] Preferably, the dosage ratio of chitosan to water is 1 g: 50-70 ml.

[0052] Preferably, the usage ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1 g: 0.3-0.8 ml.

[0053] Preferably, the mass ratio of chitosan to epoxyammonium chloride is 1:4-5.

[0054] Preferably, the precipitate is composed of acetone and ethanol, and the volume ratio of acetone to ethanol is 1:0.8-1.2.

[0055] The present invention discloses a method for preparing a modified anion exchange membrane, which specifically comprises: Water and acetic acid are added to a chitosan derivative to obtain a chitosan derivative solution, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is added to a polysulfone derivative to obtain a polysulfone derivative solution, the chitosan derivative solution and the polysulfone derivative solution are mixed, poured into a glass plate, heated at 55-65° C. for 20-30 hours, and peeled to obtain a modified anion exchange membrane.

[0056] Preferably, the ratio of chitosan derivative to added water is 1 g: 50-65 ml, and the ratio of chitosan to added acetic acid is 1 g: 0.3-0.8 ml.

[0057] Preferably, the ratio of the polysulfone derivative to the added N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is 1 g: 10-20 ml.

[0058] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polysulfone derivative to the chitosan derivative is 1:0.1-0.7.

[0059] More preferably, in the preparation of the modified anion exchange membrane, on the basis of using epoxyammonium chloride to prepare chitosan derivatives and further preparing the modified anion exchange membrane, 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt can also be used. Using 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt to synergistically prepare chitosan derivatives and use them to prepare modified anion exchange membranes can further change and promote the improvement of the micromorphology and electrodialysis performance of the modified anion exchange membrane, thereby further improving the desalination rate and current efficiency, and the elongation at break is also improved.

[0060] Preferably, the mass ratio of epoxyammonium chloride to 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt is 1:0.1-0.9.

[0061] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention proposes an electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis method and device. By configuring the electrodialysis device at the front end of the solar controller, the working property of the electrodialysis device in the trough area is "energy storage battery", and the working property of the electrodialysis device in the peak area is "peak elimination resistor" to optimize the energy management of the system. Through the selective action of the ion exchange membrane in the electrodialysis device, the wastewater can be effectively desalinated without destroying the water phase, reducing the load on the subsequent treatment system, and recovering valuable salt resources to achieve resource utilization. It can achieve a separation recovery rate of 80% to 90% for the target ions, effectively solving the problems of excessive ion content and water shortage in groundwater. It is particularly suitable for areas with high solar radiation intensity to develop and utilize new energy and solve the problem of energy scarcity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0062] In order to more clearly illustrate the implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the implementation methods or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only exemplary, and for ordinary technicians in this field, other implementation drawings can be derived from the provided drawings without creative work.

[0063] Figure 1 It is a system diagram of the electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis technology and device and a photovoltaic daily power generation diagram; Figure 2 It is the system operation diagram of the trough area and the daily power generation diagram of the photovoltaic trough area; Figure 3 It is the system operation diagram of the peak area and the daily power generation diagram of the photovoltaic peak area; Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the electrodialysis device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0065] The following first describes the concepts involved in the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description of each concept is only to make the content of the present application easier to understand, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present application; at the same time, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other in the absence of conflict. The present application will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0066] An electrically coupled extended range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device, such as Figure 4 As shown, it includes: a solar photovoltaic panel 1, an electrodialysis membrane stack 2, a membrane stack water inlet 3, a membrane stack water outlet 4, an electrode plate 5, an ion exchange membrane 6, a power line 7, a conduit 8, a discharge tank 9, a feed tank 10, a polar liquid tank 11, a positive electrode 12, and a negative electrode 13.

[0067] Embodiment 1: Electrodialysis device: an electrodialysis system, including a power supply, a flow meter, an electrodialysis membrane stack, a circulation pump and a water tank. The electrodialysis membrane stack includes an anode electrode plate, a separator, a cathode electrode plate and a membrane unit. The separator is a separator commonly used in the field of electrodialysis. The anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate are respectively arranged at the two ends of the membrane stack, the anode electrode plate is connected to the positive pole of the power supply, and the cathode electrode plate is connected to the negative pole of the power supply. The membrane unit is located between the anode electrode plate and the cathode electrode plate, and includes anion exchange membranes and repeating unit membranes in the direction from the anode electrode plate to the cathode electrode plate; in the repeating unit membrane, the unit membranes formed by the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane are repeatedly arranged, and the number of repeating unit membranes is 2. The anode electrode plate, the membrane stack and the cathode electrode plate are separated to form an anode chamber, a repeating unit chamber and a cathode chamber in turn. The repeating unit chamber is a repeating unit chamber formed by a dilute chamber and a concentrated chamber, and the number of repeating unit chambers corresponds to the number of repeating unit membranes. The polar chamber water tank is connected to the polar chamber through a conduit, so that the polar liquid flows from the polar chamber water tank into the cathode chamber and the anode chamber in sequence and then flows back to the polar chamber water tank. The concentrate chamber water tank is connected to the concentrate chamber water inlet and outlet through a conduit, so that the concentrate water flows from the concentrate chamber water tank into the electrodialysis membrane stack in sequence and then flows back to the concentrate chamber water tank. The dilute chamber water tank is connected to the dilute chamber water inlet and outlet through a conduit, and flows from the dilute chamber water tank into the electrodialysis membrane stack in sequence and then flows back to the dilute chamber water tank. Both the cation exchange membrane and the anion exchange membrane are homogeneous ion exchange membranes.

[0068] Electric coupling extended range solar drive target selective electrodialysis device: The solar panel with a specification of 18V and 20W converts light energy into electrical energy and transmits the electrical energy to the system through the connecting line. The solar panel is connected to the electrodialysis device for analyzing the power output and distribution of solar energy. The trough area acts as a storage battery and the peak area acts as a peak elimination resistor. The solar controller with a voltage of 12V is responsible for delivering the electrical energy from the solar panel to the battery. The current passes through the solar controller, which regulates and manages the current to ensure its stability and protect the operation of the entire system. In the trough area, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is disconnected; in the peak area, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is connected. The battery with a voltage of 12V is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel for use at night or on cloudy days when the photovoltaic panel does not generate enough electricity. It is connected to the system through a controller and contains a fuse for additional safety protection. Two water pumps, namely Pump I and Pump II, each with a power of 6W and a voltage of 12V. The water pumps draw power from the battery and can be used for pumping or other applications when running.

[0069] Embodiment 2: The electrodialysis device is the same as that in Example 1.

[0070] Electric coupling extended range solar drive target selective electrodialysis device: The solar panel with a specification of 18V and 20W converts light energy into electrical energy and transmits the electrical energy to the system through the connecting line. The solar panel is connected to the electrodialysis device for analyzing the power output and distribution of solar energy. The trough area acts as an energy storage battery and the peak area acts as a peak elimination resistor. The solar controller with a voltage of 12V is responsible for delivering the electrical energy from the solar panel to the battery. The current passes through the solar controller, which regulates and manages the current to ensure its stability and protect the operation of the entire system. In the trough area, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is disconnected; in the peak area, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is connected. The battery with a voltage of 6V is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel for use at night or on cloudy days when the photovoltaic panel does not generate enough electricity. It is connected to the system through a controller and contains a fuse for additional safety protection. Two water pumps, namely "Pump I" and "Pump II", each with a power of 6W and a voltage of 12V. The water pumps draw power from the battery and can be used for pumping or other applications when running.

[0071] Embodiment 3: The electrodialysis device is the same as that in Example 1.

[0072] Electric coupling extended range solar drive target selective electrodialysis device: The solar panel with a specification of 18V and 20W converts light energy into electrical energy and transmits the electrical energy to the system through the connecting line. The solar panel is connected to the electrodialysis device for analyzing the power output and distribution of solar energy. The trough area acts as an energy storage battery and the peak area acts as a peak elimination resistor. The solar controller with a voltage of 12V is responsible for delivering the electrical energy from the solar panel to the battery. The current passes through the solar controller, which regulates and manages the current to ensure its stability and protect the operation of the entire system. In the trough area, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is disconnected; in the peak area, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is connected. The battery with a voltage of 12V is used to store the electrical energy generated by the solar panel for use at night or on cloudy days when the photovoltaic panel does not generate enough electricity. It is connected to the system through the controller and contains a fuse for additional safety protection. A water pump with a power of 6W and a voltage of 12V. The water pump draws power from the battery and can be used for pumping water or other applications when it is running.

[0073] Embodiment 4: The electrodialysis device is the same as that in Example 1.

[0074] Electric coupling extended range solar drive target selective electrodialysis device: 220V transformer rated voltage is used to provide power, and the inverter on the connecting line converts AC power into DC power and transmits it to the system. The solar panel is connected to the electrodialysis device to analyze the power output and distribution of solar energy. The trough area acts as a storage battery and the peak area acts as a peak elimination resistor. The solar controller with a voltage of 12V is responsible for delivering the power from the solar panel to the battery. The current passes through the solar controller, which regulates and manages the current to ensure its stability and protect the operation of the entire system. In the trough area, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is disconnected; in the peak area, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is connected. The battery with a voltage of 12V is used to store the power generated by the solar panel for use at night or on cloudy days when the photovoltaic panel does not generate enough power. It is connected to the system through a controller and contains a fuse for additional safety protection. Two water pumps, namely "Pump I" and "Pump II", each with a power of 6W and a voltage of 12V. The pumps draw power from the batteries and when running both can be used for pumping water or other applications.

[0075] Embodiment 5: Preparation of epoxyammonium chloride: 2-(2-(chloromethyl)phenyl)oxirane and trimethylamine acetone solution are mixed, reacted at 10°C for 6 hours, washed with acetone and dried to obtain epoxyammonium chloride. The trimethylamine acetone solution is composed of trimethylamine and acetone, the amount ratio of trimethylamine to acetone is 1 mol: 500 ml, and the amount ratio of 2-(2-(chloromethyl)phenyl)oxirane to trimethylamine acetone solution is 1 mol: 550 ml.

[0076] Preparation of polysulfone derivatives: Mix N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine with ethyl acetate, then add iodomethane solution and react at 30°C for 6 hours. After the reaction, add ethyl acetate to wash and obtain the intermediate. Add polysulfone, chloromethyl octyl ether and tin tetrachloride to dichloromethane and react at 35°C for 30 minutes. After the reaction, add ethanol to separate the precipitate, wash the precipitate and dry to obtain chloromethyl polysulfone. Add chloromethyl polysulfone and the intermediate to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, react at 75°C for 48 hours, add ethyl acetate to precipitate after the reaction, wash the precipitate and dry to obtain the polysulfone derivative. The volume ratio of N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine to ethyl acetate is 1:1, the iodomethane solution is composed of iodomethane and ethyl acetate, the volume ratio of iodomethane to ethyl acetate is 1:16.67, the volume ratio of N,N,N,N-tetramethyl-1,6-hexanediamine to iodomethane solution is 1:1.06, the dosage ratio of polysulfone to chloromethyl octyl ether is 1g:6ml, the dosage ratio of polysulfone to tin tetrachloride is 1g:0.3ml, the dosage ratio of polysulfone to dichloromethane is 1g:50ml, the dosage ratio of chloromethyl polysulfone to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is 1g:10ml, and the mass ratio of chloromethyl polysulfone to the intermediate is 1:1.72.

[0077] Preparation of chitosan derivatives: water and acetic acid are added to chitosan to obtain a dissolving solution, epoxy ammonium chloride is added to the dissolving solution under nitrogen conditions, and the reaction is carried out at 65°C for 24 hours. After the reaction is completed, a precipitate is added to separate the precipitate, which is washed with ethanol and dried to obtain a chitosan derivative. The ratio of chitosan to water is 1g:60ml, the ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1g:0.5ml, the mass ratio of chitosan to epoxy ammonium chloride is 1:4.5, and the precipitate is composed of acetone and ethanol, and the volume ratio of acetone to ethanol is 1:1.

[0078] Preparation of modified anion exchange membrane: water and acetic acid are added to chitosan derivatives to obtain chitosan derivative solution, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is added to polysulfone derivatives to obtain polysulfone derivative solution, chitosan derivative solution and polysulfone derivative solution are mixed, poured into a glass plate, heated at 60°C for 24 hours, and peeled to obtain modified anion exchange membrane. The ratio of chitosan derivative to water is 1g:60ml, the ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1g:0.5ml, the ratio of polysulfone derivative to N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is 1g:15ml, and the mass ratio of polysulfone derivative to chitosan derivative is 1:0.35.

[0079] Electrodialysis device: The electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1 in that the anion exchange membrane is the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in this embodiment, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 1.

[0080] Electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device: The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 1 in that the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of this embodiment, and other conditions and parameters are the same as in Example 1.

[0081] Embodiment 6: The preparation of epoxyammonium chloride is the same as in Example 5.

[0082] The preparation of polysulfone derivatives is the same as in Example 5.

[0083] Example 5 of preparation of chitosan derivatives.

[0084] Preparation of modified anion exchange membrane: The preparation of the modified anion exchange membrane in this embodiment is compared with that in Example 5, except that the mass ratio of the polysulfone derivative to the chitosan derivative is 1:0.6, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as in Example 5.

[0085] Electrodialysis device: The electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the anion exchange membrane is the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in this embodiment, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0086] Electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device: The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of this embodiment, and other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0087] Embodiment 7: The preparation of epoxyammonium chloride is the same as in Example 5.

[0088] The preparation of polysulfone derivatives is the same as in Example 5.

[0089] Example 5 of preparation of chitosan derivatives.

[0090] Preparation of modified anion exchange membrane: The preparation of the modified anion exchange membrane in this embodiment is compared with that in Example 5, except that the mass ratio of the polysulfone derivative to the chitosan derivative is 1:0.2, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as in Example 5.

[0091] Electrodialysis device: The electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the anion exchange membrane is the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in this embodiment, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0092] Electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device: The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of this embodiment, and other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0093] Embodiment 8: The preparation of epoxyammonium chloride is the same as in Example 5.

[0094] The preparation of polysulfone derivatives is the same as in Example 5.

[0095] Preparation of chitosan derivatives: water and acetic acid are added to chitosan to obtain a dissolving solution, epoxy ammonium chloride and 2,3-epoxypropylene-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt are added to the dissolving solution under nitrogen conditions, and the reaction is carried out at 65°C for 24 hours. After the reaction is completed, a precipitate is added to separate the precipitate, and the precipitate is washed with ethanol and dried to obtain a chitosan derivative. The amount ratio of chitosan to water is 1g:60ml, the amount ratio of chitosan to acetic acid is 1g:0.5ml, the mass ratio of chitosan to epoxy ammonium chloride is 1:4.5, the mass ratio of chitosan to 2,3-epoxypropylene-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt is 1:1, and the precipitate is composed of acetone and ethanol, and the volume ratio of acetone to ethanol is 1:1.

[0096] Preparation of modified anion exchange membrane: The preparation of the modified anion exchange membrane in this example is compared with that in Example 5, except that the chitosan derivative is the chitosan derivative prepared in this example, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as in Example 5.

[0097] Electrodialysis device: The electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the anion exchange membrane is the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in this embodiment, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0098] Electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device: The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of this embodiment, and other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0099] Comparative Example 1: The preparation of epoxyammonium chloride is the same as in Example 5.

[0100] The preparation of polysulfone derivatives is the same as in Example 5.

[0101] Example 5 of preparation of chitosan derivatives.

[0102] Preparation of modified anion exchange membrane: The preparation of the modified anion exchange membrane in this embodiment is compared with that in Example 5, except that the mass ratio of the polysulfone derivative to the chitosan derivative is 1:0.03, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as in Example 5.

[0103] Electrodialysis device: The electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the anion exchange membrane is the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in this embodiment, and the other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0104] Electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device: The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device in this embodiment is different from that in Example 5 in that the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of this embodiment, and other conditions and parameters are the same as those in Example 5.

[0105] Experimental Example 1: The desalination rate of the electrodialysis device is measured, and the sodium chloride solution is placed in the water tank of the dilute chamber as the inlet water of the dilute chamber, the ultrapure water enters the water tank of the concentrate chamber as the inlet water of the concentrate chamber, and the sodium sulfate solution enters the water tank of the pole chamber as the inlet water of the pole chamber. Inject into the membrane stack, desalinate through electrodialysis and then circulate back to the water tank respectively. The amount of mineralization removal of the sodium chloride solution in the dilute chamber by the electrodialysis device is expressed by the desalination rate, and the desalination rate = (initial conductivity of the sodium chloride solution - conductivity of the sodium chloride solution after the electrodialyzer runs for t time) / initial conductivity of the sodium chloride solution × 100%. The sodium chloride solution is composed of sodium chloride and water, and the mass ratio of the amount of sodium chloride and water used is 1g: 275ml. The sodium sulfate solution is composed of sodium sulfate and water, and the mass ratio of the amount of sodium sulfate and water used is 1g: 70.42ml. The working voltage is 6V, the running time is 3h, the flow rate of the sodium chloride solution is 30L / h, and the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of Examples 1-8 and Comparative Example 1.

[0106] Table 1 Desalination rate measurement results

[0107] The results are shown in Table 1. The desalination rate of the electrodialysis device of Example 5 is higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the electrodialysis device obtained by using the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in Example 5 has a higher desalination rate and better effect; compared with Example 6, Example 5 shows that the increase in the amount of chitosan derivative used within a certain range can effectively improve the performance of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane, thereby improving the desalination rate of the electrodialysis device; compared with Example 7, Example 5 shows that the reduction in the amount of chitosan derivative used within a certain range will reduce the performance of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane, thereby reducing the desalination rate of the electrodialysis device; compared with Example 8, Example 5 shows that on the basis of using epoxyammonium chloride, 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt is used to further modify and prepare chitosan derivatives, and used to prepare modified anion exchange membranes, which can effectively improve the desalination rate of the final electrodialysis device; compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 5 shows that the amount of chitosan derivatives used needs to be in an appropriate range. Too low a content will cause the efficiency of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane to decrease, thereby having no obvious effect on improving the desalination rate of the electrodialysis device.

[0108] Experimental Example 2: The current efficiency of the electrodialysis device is measured. Since the ion exchange membrane cannot be an ideal selective permeable membrane, that is, the cation exchange membrane can pass a small amount of anions, the anion exchange membrane can pass a small amount of cations, and the operating voltage or current is too high to cause water electrolysis, the device has leakage and other reasons, so that the actual number of moles of electrolyte precipitated in the electrodialyzer during the desalination process is deviated from the Faraday charge. The current efficiency is used to represent the deviation size parameter, current efficiency = Faraday constant × solution flow rate (initial sodium chloride solution concentration - sodium chloride solution concentration after electrodialysis) / (number of membrane pairs in the electrodialysis membrane stack × electrodialysis working current) × 100%, the operating voltage is 6V, the operating time is 3h, the sodium chloride solution flow rate is 30L / h, and the electrodialysis device is the electrodialysis device of Example 1-8 and Comparative Example 1.

[0109] Table 2 Current efficiency measurement results

[0110] The results are shown in Table 2. The current efficiency of the electrodialysis device of Example 5 is higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the modified anion exchange membrane prepared using Example 5 has a higher current efficiency and better effect. Compared with Example 6, Example 5 shows that the increase in the amount of chitosan derivative used within a certain range can effectively improve the performance of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane, thereby improving the current efficiency of the electrodialysis device. Compared with Example 7, Example 5 shows that the reduction in the amount of chitosan derivative used within a certain range will reduce the performance of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane, thereby reducing the current efficiency of the electrodialysis device. Compared with Example 8, Example 5 shows that on the basis of using epoxyammonium chloride, 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt is used to further modify and prepare chitosan derivatives, and used to prepare modified anion exchange membranes, which can effectively improve the current efficiency of the final electrodialysis device. Compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 5 shows that the amount of chitosan derivatives used needs to be in an appropriate range. Too low a range will cause the performance of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane to decrease, thereby having no obvious effect on the improvement of the current efficiency of the electrodialysis device.

[0111] Experimental Example 3: Mechanical properties, elongation at break, at 25 ° C, at a tensile speed of 5 mm / min, the elongation at break of the ion exchange membrane was measured. The ion exchange membranes were the anion exchange membranes of Examples 1-4 and the modified anion exchange membranes of Examples 5-8 and Comparative Example 1.

[0112] Table 3 Determination results of elongation at break

[0113] The results are shown in Table 3. The elongation at break of the modified anion exchange membrane of Example 5 is higher than that of Example 1, indicating that the modified anion exchange membrane prepared in Example 5 has better flexibility and meets the requirements of electrodialysis; compared with Example 6, Example 5 shows that increasing the amount of chitosan derivatives used within a certain range can effectively improve the flexibility of the modified anion exchange membrane; compared with Example 7, Example 5 shows that reducing the amount of chitosan derivatives used within a certain range will reduce the flexibility of the modified anion exchange membrane; compared with Example 8, Example 5 shows that on the basis of using epoxyammonium chloride, 2,3-propylene oxide-1-sulfonic acid sodium salt is used to further modify and prepare chitosan derivatives, and used to prepare modified anion exchange membranes, which can effectively improve the flexibility of the modified anion exchange membranes; compared with Comparative Example 1, Example 5 shows that the amount of chitosan derivatives used needs to be in an appropriate range. Too low a range will cause the flexibility of the prepared modified anion exchange membrane to decrease.

[0114] The embodiments and / or implementation methods described above are only used to illustrate the preferred embodiments and / or implementation methods for realizing the technology of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation methods of the technology of the present invention in any form. Any technical personnel in this field may make slight changes or modifications to other equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the technical means disclosed in the content of the present invention, but they should still be regarded as technologies or embodiments that are essentially the same as the present invention.

[0115] This article uses specific examples to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core ideas of this application. The above is only the preferred implementation method of this application. It should be pointed out that due to the limitations of textual expression and the objective existence of infinite specific structures, ordinary technicians in this technical field can make several improvements, modifications or changes without departing from the principles of this application, and can also combine the above technical features in an appropriate manner; these improvements, modifications, changes or combinations, or the direct application of the concept and technical solution of the invention to other occasions without improvement, should be regarded as the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device, comprising: Solar panels, electrodialysis devices, solar controllers, batteries and pumps; the electrodialysis device is connected in series before the solar controller, and in the trough area the electrodialysis device works as an energy storage battery, and in the peak area the electrodialysis device works as a peak elimination resistor.

2. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrodialysis device comprises a cation exchange membrane and an anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membrane is a homogeneous ion exchange membrane or a modified anion exchange membrane. The modified anion exchange membrane is prepared from a polysulfone derivative and a chitosan derivative.

3. The electrically coupled extended-range solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric coupling extended-range solar-driven target selectivity device has a power supply voltage of 6-24V and can produce 20-200L / day of water.

4. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The peak voltage of the solar cell panel is the sum of the voltage of the battery and the electrodialysis device, and the peak power is the sum of the power of the battery and the electrodialysis device.

5. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The solar panels are replaced by 220V transformer with a rated voltage of 6-24V in case of system emergency.

6. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the trough area, the solar controller with a voltage lower than the rated voltage is in a disconnected state, and only supplies power to the electrodialysis device, and the stable rated voltage required for the pump is supplied by the battery; in the peak area, the solar controller with a voltage higher than the rated voltage is in a connected state.

7. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rated voltage of the electrodialysis device is 6-24V, and the power is 1-6W.

8. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rated voltage of the battery is 6-24V, the energy storage is 1000-8000mAh, and the battery only supplies power to the pump at the rated power.

9. The electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pump is of DC rated power and adopts a single pump or two pumps, a fresh water pump and a concentrated water pump, connected in parallel.

10. Application of the electrically coupled range-extended solar-driven target selective electrodialysis device described in claims 1-9 in a wastewater treatment device.

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