Pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion and waste treatment method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion and a waste treatment method and system. The pretreatment method comprises the steps that organic matter and inorganic matter in waste are separated through a separation device, and the separation device comprises a separation unit or a plurality of separation units which are sequentially connected in series; and discharging the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit into an ultrasonic reactor for ultrasonic treatment. According to the method, efficient separation of organic matter and inorganic matter in the waste can be rapidly achieved through the separation device, ultrasonic treatment is conducted on the waste with the high organic matter content through the ultrasonic reactor, waste structure breaking and even cell wall breaking are achieved, the concentration of soluble organic matter is increased, and the particle size of the waste is reduced; further, the subsequent waste anaerobic digestion process is accelerated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of waste resource utilization, and specifically to a pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, a waste treatment method and a waste treatment system. Background Art

[0002] Anaerobic digestion technology can simultaneously achieve the stabilization of organic matter in sludge and the recovery of biomass energy, and is currently the mainstream sludge treatment technology at home and abroad. However, the residual sludge from my country's sewage treatment plants has the characteristics of high sand content and low organic matter content. In addition, the complex floc structure of the sludge and the physical and chemical barriers established by the microbial cell walls together lead to low efficiency and difficult operation of anaerobic digestion of sludge. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a method to improve the anaerobic digestion of methane and waste energy conversion process, and improve the level of waste resource and energy utilization in my country. Summary of the invention

[0003] In response to the problems of low hydrolysis rate and methane production potential of residual sludge in my country's sewage treatment plants, the present application provides a pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, aiming to improve sludge composition, increase sludge solubility, improve sludge anaerobic digestion efficiency, accelerate anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, and thus effectively solve the sludge treatment problem.

[0004] The present application embodiment provides a pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, including:

[0005] Separating organic matter and inorganic matter in waste by using a separation device, wherein the separation device comprises one separation unit or a plurality of separation units, and the bottom flow port of one of the plurality of separation units is connected with the feed port of an adjacent separation unit so that the plurality of separation units are sequentially connected in series, the waste is configured to be able to perform spiral motion in the separation chamber of the separation unit to achieve separation of organic matter and inorganic matter, and the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the bottom flow port of the separation unit;

[0006] The waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is discharged into an ultrasonic reactor for ultrasonic treatment.

[0007] The present application also provides a waste treatment method, comprising:

[0008] Pre-treating the waste according to the above-mentioned pre-treatment method for enhancing anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion;

[0009] The waste treated with ultrasound is sent to an anaerobic digestion device for anaerobic digestion treatment.

[0010] The present application also provides a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, comprising:

[0011] A separation device, comprising one or more separation units, wherein the separation unit has a separation chamber, and a feed port, an underflow port and an overflow port connected to the separation chamber, wherein the underflow port of one of the plurality of separation units is connected to the feed port of an adjacent separation unit so that the plurality of separation units are sequentially connected in series, and the separation unit is configured to separate organic matter from inorganic matter in the waste by spiral motion of the waste in its separation chamber, so that the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the underflow port of the separation unit; and

[0012] An ultrasonic reactor, wherein the inlet of the ultrasonic reactor is connected to the overflow ports of all the separation units, and the ultrasonic reactor is configured to perform ultrasonic treatment on waste.

[0013] The present application also provides a waste treatment system, including an anaerobic digestion device and the above-mentioned pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, wherein the outlet of the ultrasonic reactor of the pretreatment device is connected to the anaerobic digestion device.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the embodiments of the present application have the following technical effects:

[0015] 1. The embodiment of the present application provides a pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, and the pretreatment device includes a separation device and an ultrasonic reactor. After the waste passes through the separation device, the organic matter and inorganic matter can be separated. The separated part of the waste (high organic matter content) is discharged into the ultrasonic reactor through the overflow port for ultrasonic treatment, and then sent to the anaerobic digestion device for anaerobic digestion treatment; the other part of the separated waste (high sand content) can be discharged into a separate high sand content sludge thickening tank through the underflow port, which can be used as a raw material for manufacturing building materials, realizing the efficient treatment of waste by quality.

[0016] 2. The separation device in the embodiment of the present application can quickly realize the efficient separation of organic matter and inorganic matter in the waste, effectively improving the composition of the waste; at the same time, most of the inorganic particulate matter is discharged through the bottom flow port of the separation device, thereby reducing the content of inorganic sand particles in the waste in the subsequent ultrasonic treatment and anaerobic digestion treatment processes, avoiding its space occupancy effect to reduce the effective volume of the equipment and cause problems such as equipment wear and pipeline blockage.

[0017] 3. Waste, especially the overflow sludge with high organic content discharged from the overflow port after the waste is treated by the separation device, is easy to be ultrasonically treated by the subsequent ultrasonic reactor. Ultrasound can break the structure of waste and even break the wall through high-frequency sound wave energy input and its cavitation effect, increase the concentration of dissolved organic matter, reduce the particle size of waste, and thus accelerate the subsequent anaerobic digestion process of waste.

[0018] 4. The pretreatment method of the embodiment of the present application is an important means to break through the bottleneck of anaerobic digestion engineering applications, and promotes the stabilization, harmlessness, reduction and resource utilization of waste, especially sludge.

[0019] 5. The pretreatment device and method of the embodiments of the present application significantly improve the anaerobic digestion effect of waste, reduce the reaction time of anaerobic digestion of waste, reduce the size of the anaerobic digestion device, save the overall floor space of the waste treatment system, and reduce investment costs.

[0020] 6. The pretreatment methods in the embodiments of the present application are all physical methods, which have the advantages of high efficiency, small footprint, low cost, and no secondary pollution.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the present application will be set forth in the following description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings are used to provide an understanding of the technical solution of the present application and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present application, they are used to explain the technical solution of the present application and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present application.

[0023] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the structure of a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a separation device of a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4 for Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the working principle of the separation device shown;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of MLVSS / MLSS values ​​in waste at the overflow and underflow ports of the separation device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 6A schematic diagram of SCOD values ​​in waste before and after treatment with an ultrasonic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the average particle size of waste before and after being treated by an ultrasonic reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the methane production potential of waste at the feed inlet, overflow outlet, underflow outlet of the separation device of an embodiment of the present application, waste discharged from the overflow outlet and treated by the supergeneration reactor of the embodiment of the present application, and waste directly treated by the supergeneration reactor without being treated by the separation device.

[0031] Reference numerals:

[0032] 100-first stage separation unit, 200-second stage separation unit, 300-separation device;

[0033] 1-outer cylinder, 11-first end wall, 12-first separation chamber, 13-second separation chamber, 14-first feed port, 15-first underflow port, 16-first overflow port, 17-second feed port, 18-second underflow port, 19-second overflow port, 110-discharge port, 111-second end wall;

[0034] 2-first inner cone, 21-first conical section, 211-second connecting cavity;

[0035] 3-second inner cone, 31-second conical section, 32-second cylindrical section;

[0036] 4-helical body, 41-columnar portion, 411-first communicating cavity, 42-spiral blade, 43-spiral flow channel;

[0037] 5-ultrasonic reactor, 51-first ultrasonic unit, 52-second ultrasonic unit;

[0038] 6-Anaerobic digestion unit. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. It should be noted that the embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.

[0040] The present application is further described in detail below in conjunction with specific examples, but the examples should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0041] like Figure 1 As shown, the present application embodiment provides a pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, comprising the following steps:

[0042] Step S102: Separate the organic matter and inorganic matter in the waste using a separation device. The separation device includes one separation unit or multiple separation units, and the bottom flow port of one of the multiple separation units is connected to the feed port of the adjacent separation unit so that the multiple separation units are connected in series in sequence. The waste is configured to be able to perform spiral motion in the separation chamber of the separation unit to achieve separation of organic matter and inorganic matter, and the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the bottom flow port of the separation unit.

[0043] Step S104: discharge the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit into an ultrasonic reactor for ultrasonic treatment.

[0044] The pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion in the embodiment of the present application can be Figure 2 The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion to produce methane and waste energy conversion is shown to achieve the above. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion to produce methane and waste energy conversion may include a separation device 300 and an ultrasonic reactor 5 .

[0045] Separation device 300 such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the separation device 300 can be used to separate wastes. The separation device can include one or more (eg, two) separation units, and the wastes can be excess sludge from a municipal sewage treatment plant, riverbed sludge, and other sludges with high sand content.

[0046] In the process of realizing waste separation, first, the waste can be input into the first-stage separation unit 100 of the two separation units, and the waste performs spiral motion in the separation chamber (i.e., the first separation chamber 12) of the first-stage separation unit 100 to separate the organic matter and inorganic matter (e.g., inorganic sand particles) in the waste, so that compared with the waste entering the first-stage separation unit 100 from the feed port (i.e., the first feed port 14) of the first-stage separation unit 100, the concentration of inorganic matter in the waste discharged from the bottom flow port (i.e., the first bottom flow port 15) of the first-stage separation unit 100 is increased, and the concentration of organic matter is decreased, while the concentration of inorganic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port (i.e., the first overflow port 16) of the first-stage separation unit 100 is decreased, and the concentration of organic matter is decreased. The concentration of organic matter is increased; then, the waste discharged from the first underflow port 15 of the first-stage separation unit 100 can be input into the second-stage separation unit 200, and the waste can perform spiral motion in the separation chamber (i.e., the second separation chamber 13) of the second-stage separation unit 200, so that the second-stage separation unit 200 can further separate the organic matter and inorganic matter in the waste, so that the concentration of inorganic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port (i.e., the second overflow port 19) of the second-stage separation unit 200 is further reduced, and the concentration of organic matter is increased, and the concentration of inorganic matter in the waste discharged from the underflow port (i.e., the second underflow port 18) of the second-stage separation unit 200 is further increased, and the concentration of organic matter is further reduced, so as to further remove the inorganic matter in the waste.

[0047] After the waste is separated and treated by the separation device 300, part of the waste (high organic matter content) is discharged through the second overflow port 19 and merged with the first overflow port 16 to enter the ultrasonic reactor 5 for ultrasonic treatment. Ultrasonic treatment can break the structure of the waste and even break the wall through high-frequency sound wave energy input and its cavitation effect, increase the concentration of dissolved organic matter, and reduce the particle size of the waste, so as to accelerate the subsequent anaerobic digestion process of the waste; another part of the waste (high sand content) is discharged through the second underflow port 18 and can enter a separate high-sand content sludge thickening tank.

[0048] The pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion provided in the embodiment of the present application is that the overflow waste with high organic matter content discharged from the two overflow ports (the first overflow port 16 and the second overflow port 19) after the waste is treated by the separation device 300 is easy to be ultrasonically treated by the subsequent ultrasonic reactor 5, so that the waste structure can be cracked or even broken by ultrasonic treatment, the concentration of soluble organic matter can be increased, the particle size of the waste can be reduced, and the subsequent anaerobic digestion process of the waste can be accelerated; the inorganic matter content in the overflow waste is low, so as to avoid its space occupancy effect to reduce the effective volume of the equipment and cause problems such as equipment wear and pipeline blockage.

[0049] The underflow waste with high inorganic matter content discharged from the second underflow outlet 18 after being processed by the separation device 300 can be discharged into the sludge concentration tank as a raw material for manufacturing building materials.

[0050] The pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion provided in the embodiments of the present application realizes efficient treatment of waste by quality separation, and the pretreatment method is a physical method with the advantages of high efficiency, small footprint, low cost, and no secondary pollution.

[0051] In some exemplary embodiments, the ultrasonic reactor 5 may include one or more ultrasonic units, which may be tube-rod type ultrasonic units, and a plurality of tube-rod type ultrasonic units may be connected in series. Of course, the ultrasonic unit may also be in other forms besides the tube-rod type. Figure 2 As shown, the ultrasonic reactor 5 may include two ultrasonic units: a first ultrasonic unit 51 and a second ultrasonic unit 52, and the first ultrasonic unit 51 and the second ultrasonic unit 52 are connected in series.

[0052] Based on this, when performing ultrasonic treatment, the working parameters of the tube-rod ultrasonic unit can be: power: 0-1000W; ultrasonic frequency: 20-40kHz; power density: 0.4-1.2W / mL; waste residence time: 5-60s.

[0053] The tube-rod ultrasonic unit adopts the above working parameters to carry out ultrasonic treatment on waste with high organic matter content, which can effectively break the structure of the waste and even break the wall, so as to increase the concentration of dissolved organic matter, reduce the particle size of the waste, and accelerate the subsequent anaerobic digestion process of the waste.

[0054] Of course, the working parameters of the tube-rod type ultrasonic unit are not limited to the above ranges and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0055] In some exemplary embodiments, the pressure of the waste input into the separation device 300 (ie, the pressure of the waste input into the first feed port 14 of the first-stage separation unit 100 ) is 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa, such as 0.3 MPa.

[0056] The pressure of the waste input into the first feed port 14 of the first-stage separation unit 100 is between 0.2 MPa and 0.5 MPa, so that the two-stage separation unit can be used to achieve efficient and effective separation and treatment of the waste, so as to increase the organic matter content of the overflow waste after treatment by the two-stage separation unit.

[0057] The present application also provides a method for treating waste, including:

[0058] Step S202: pre-treating the waste according to the pre-treatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion in any of the above embodiments;

[0059] Step S204: sending the waste after ultrasonic treatment to an anaerobic digestion device for anaerobic digestion treatment.

[0060] After the waste is separated and treated by the separation device 300 and ultrasonically treated by the ultrasonic reactor 5, the structure of the waste is broken and even the wall is broken, the concentration of soluble organic matter is increased, and the particle size of the waste is reduced, which facilitates the anaerobic digestion treatment of the waste in the anaerobic digestion device 6, accelerates the anaerobic digestion process of the waste, reduces the reaction time of the anaerobic digestion of the waste, and significantly improves the anaerobic digestion effect of the waste.

[0061] In some exemplary embodiments, the anaerobic digestion process is a mesophilic anaerobic digestion process, and the operating parameters are: a temperature of 37±0.5° C. and a residence time of 12-20 days.

[0062] Of course, the temperature and residence time of anaerobic digestion treatment are not limited to the above ranges, and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0063] like Figure 2 As shown, the embodiment of the present application also provides a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, including: a separation device 300 and an ultrasonic reactor 5.

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the separation device 300 includes one separation unit or multiple separation units, each of which has a separation chamber, and a feed port, an underflow port and an overflow port connected to the separation chamber. The underflow port of one of the multiple separation units is connected to the feed port of an adjacent separation unit so that the multiple separation units are connected in series in sequence. The separation unit is configured to separate organic matter from inorganic matter in the waste through the spiral motion of the waste in its separation chamber, so that the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the underflow port of the separation unit.

[0065] The inlet of the ultrasonic reactor 5 is connected to the overflow ports of all separation units, and the ultrasonic reactor 5 is configured to perform ultrasonic treatment on waste.

[0066] When the pretreatment device treats waste, the waste is first separated into organic matter and inorganic matter through a separation unit, or separated into organic matter and inorganic matter through a plurality of separation units connected in series in sequence; then, the overflow waste (high organic matter content) discharged from the overflow port of each separation unit is discharged into the ultrasonic reactor 5, and the ultrasonic reactor 5 is used to perform ultrasonic treatment on the waste, and the high-frequency sound wave energy input and its cavitation effect are used to achieve the decomposition of the waste structure and even the breaking of the wall, increase the concentration of soluble organic matter, reduce the particle size of the waste, and thus accelerate the subsequent anaerobic digestion process of the waste.

[0067] In some exemplary embodiments, the separation device includes a plurality of separation units, and further includes: an outer cylinder 1 and a plurality of inner cones.

[0068] At least one partition is provided in the outer cylinder 1 to divide the space in the outer cylinder into a plurality of separation chambers. The outer cylinder 1 can be a cylindrical cylinder. Of course, the outer cylinder 1 can also be a non-cylindrical cylinder.

[0069] Multiple inner cones are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in multiple separation chambers, and the small end of the inner cone faces the side where the feed port and overflow port connected to the corresponding separation chamber are located, and the large end of the inner cone is close to the bottom flow port connected to the corresponding separation chamber.

[0070] When the separation device 300 is working, the waste enters the separation chamber of the separation unit and makes a spiral motion. The waste rotates in the separation chamber to generate a spiral flow. Under the action of the inner cone in the separation chamber, the spiral flow is divided into two parts. One part of the spiral flow (outer spiral flow) moves toward the bottom flow port of the separation chamber and is discharged from the bottom flow port, and the other part of the spiral flow (inner spiral flow) moves toward the overflow port of the separation chamber and is discharged from the overflow port. In the separation chamber, the basic principle of separation of inorganic and organic matter is centrifugal sedimentation. Due to the large centrifugal force, the inorganic matter moves toward the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 and is discharged from the bottom flow port with the outer spiral flow; the organic matter is discharged from the overflow port with the inner spiral flow before it has time to settle due to the small centrifugal force, thereby separating the organic and inorganic matter in the waste, and the waste discharged from the overflow port has a high organic content and a low inorganic content, while the waste discharged from the bottom flow port has a low organic content and a high inorganic content.

[0071] In some embodiments, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the partition includes a spiral body 4, which includes a cylindrical portion 41 and a spiral blade 42. The spiral blade 42 is arranged between the outer wall of the cylindrical portion 41 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1 to form a spiral flow channel 43. The inlet of the spiral flow channel 43 is connected to the bottom flow port of the separation chamber on one side of the partition, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel 43 is connected to the feed port of the separation chamber on the other side of the partition.

[0072] The partition inside the outer cylinder 1 includes a spiral body 4, and an annular cavity is provided between the cylindrical portion 41 of the spiral body 4 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1. The annular cavity is divided into a spiral flow channel 43 by spiral blades 42, and the inlet of the spiral flow channel 43 is connected to the bottom flow port of the separation chamber on one side of the partition, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel 43 is connected to the feed port of the separation chamber on the other side of the partition, so that the waste discharged from the bottom flow port of the separation chamber on one side of the partition first enters the spiral flow channel 43 to perform spiral motion, and then enters the separation chamber on the other side of the partition, so that the waste is spirally separated in the other separation chamber.

[0073] The separator realizes the connection between the bottom flow ports and the feed ports of the adjacent separation chambers on both sides of the separator, that is, the series connection of two adjacent separation units is realized, and it is convenient to realize the sequential series connection of multiple separation units through at least one separator. And the setting of the spiral flow channel 43 facilitates the spiral movement of the waste discharged from the spiral flow channel 43 into the separation chamber of the next-level separation unit, so as to realize the separation of organic matter and inorganic matter in the waste in the separation chamber.

[0074] In some exemplary embodiments, the separation device 300 includes two separation units, two inner cones, and a partition.

[0075] The two separation units are a first-stage separation unit 100 and a second-stage separation unit 200 .

[0076] The first-stage separation unit 100 has a first separation chamber (the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit) 12, and a first feed port (the feed port of the first-stage separation unit) 14 connected to the first separation chamber 12, a first bottom flow port (the bottom flow port of the first-stage separation unit) 15 and a first overflow port (the overflow chamber of the first-stage separation unit) 16, and the second-stage separation unit 200 has a second separation chamber (the separation chamber of the second-stage separation unit) 13, and a second feed port (the feed port of the second-stage separation unit) 17 connected to the second separation chamber 13, a second bottom flow port (the bottom flow port of the second-stage separation unit) 18 and a second overflow port (the overflow chamber of the second-stage separation unit) 19, wherein the first bottom flow port 15 is connected to the inlet of the spiral flow channel 43, the second feed port 17 is connected to the outlet of the spiral flow channel 43, and the first overflow port 16 and the second overflow port 19 are both connected to the inlet of the ultrasonic reactor 5.

[0077] The two inner cones are the first inner cone 2 and the second inner cone 3. The first inner cone 2 is disposed in the first separation chamber 12, with the small end of the first inner cone 2 facing the side where the first feed port 14 and the first overflow port 16 are located, and the large end of the first inner cone 2 is close to the first underflow port 15.

[0078] The second inner cone 3 is disposed in the second separation chamber 13 , with the small end of the second inner cone 3 facing the second feed port 17 and the second overflow port 19 , and the large end of the second inner cone 3 close to the second underflow port 18 .

[0079] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, when the separation device 300 is working, the waste can enter the first separation chamber 12 from the first feed port 14 and perform spiral motion. The waste rotates in the first separation chamber 12 to generate a spiral flow. Under the action of the first inner cone 2, the spiral flow is divided into two parts. One part of the spiral flow (such as Figure 4 The outer spiral flow (shown as M1 in FIG. 1 ) moves toward the first bottom flow port 15 and is discharged from the first bottom flow port 15. The other part of the spiral flow (shown as M1 in FIG. 1 ) moves toward the first bottom flow port 15 and is discharged from the first bottom flow port 15. Figure 4 The inner spiral flow M2 in the figure is directed to the first overflow port 16 and discharged from the first overflow port 16. In the first separation chamber 12, there are both the outer spiral flow M1 and the inner spiral flow M2 to separate the organic matter and the inorganic matter in the waste.

[0080] After the first stage separation of the first stage separation unit 100, the waste discharged from the first bottom flow port 15 flows through the spiral flow channel 43, and then enters the second separation chamber 13 from the second feed port 17 to perform spiral motion. The waste rotates in the second separation chamber 13 to generate a spiral flow. Under the action of the second inner cone 3, the spiral flow is divided into two parts. One part of the spiral flow (such as Figure 4 The outer spiral flow (shown as M3 in FIG. 1 ) moves toward the second bottom flow port 18 and is discharged from the second bottom flow port 18, and the other part of the spiral flow (shown as M3 in FIG. 1 ) moves toward the second bottom flow port 18 and is discharged from the second bottom flow port 18. Figure 4 The inner spiral flow M4 shown in FIG. 1 moves toward the second overflow port 19 and is discharged from the second overflow port 19. In the second separation chamber 13, there are both the outer spiral flow M3 and the inner spiral flow M4 to achieve the re-separation of the waste.

[0081] After two-stage separation by the first separation unit 100 and the second separation unit 200, the waste discharged from the second underflow port 18 of the second separation unit 200 can be discharged into the sludge thickening tank, and the waste discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the second overflow port 19 can be discharged into the ultrasonic reactor 5 for ultrasonic treatment.

[0082] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the first inner cone 2 includes a first conical section 21, a cylindrical portion 41 of a partition is disposed at the large end of the first conical section 21, and a first connecting cavity 411 is disposed in the cylindrical portion 41, the first conical section 21 is provided with a second connecting cavity 211, the outer cylinder 1 is provided with a discharge port 110, and a second overflow port 19 is disposed at an end of the cylindrical portion 41 away from the first inner cone 2, and the second overflow port 19, the first connecting cavity 411, the second connecting cavity 211 and the discharge port 110 are sequentially connected. Among them, the first conical section 21 and the second connecting cavity 211 therein can be conical, and the cylindrical portion 41 and the first connecting cavity 411 therein can be cylindrical.

[0083] The cylindrical portion 41 of the spiral body 4 is arranged at the large head end of the first conical section 21 of the first inner cone 2, and the cylindrical portion 41 and the first conical section 21 are respectively provided with a first connecting cavity 411 and a second connecting cavity 211, and the second overflow port 19 is arranged on the cylindrical portion 41 of the spiral body 4, and the second overflow port 19 can be connected with the discharge port 110 on the outer cylinder 1 through the first connecting cavity 411 and the second connecting cavity 211, so that the sludge overflowing from the second overflow port 19 passes through the first connecting cavity 411 and the second connecting cavity 211 and is discharged from the discharge port 110.

[0084] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 are both arranged on the first end wall 11 of the outer cylinder 1 opposite to the small end of the first conical section 21, and the first overflow port 16 surrounds the outside of the discharge port 110. The first end wall 11 may be the upper end wall of the outer cylinder 1, and the small end of the first conical section 21 faces upward.

[0085] The first overflow port 16 surrounds the outside of the discharge port 110 and is arranged compactly, which is beneficial to reducing the size of the first end wall 11 and facilitating the discharge of sludge discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the second overflow port 19 into the ultrasonic reactor 5 together.

[0086] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second inner cone 3 includes a second conical section 31 and a second cylindrical section 32, the small end of the second conical section 31 faces the partition, one end of the second cylindrical section 32 is connected to the large end of the second conical section 31, and the other end of the second cylindrical section 32 is connected to the second end wall 111 of the outer cylinder 1, and the second end wall 111 of the outer cylinder 1 is arranged opposite to the first end wall 11. Among them, the second conical section 31 can be conical, and the second cylindrical section 32 can be cylindrical.

[0087] The first feed port 14 and the second underflow port 18 are both arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder 1 , and the first feed port 14 is close to the first end wall 11 of the outer cylinder 1 , and the second underflow port 18 is close to the second end wall 111 of the outer cylinder 1 .

[0088] In the separation device 300, the first inner cone 2, the partition and the second inner cone 3 can be arranged in sequence from top to bottom, and the small ends of the first inner cone 2 and the second inner cone 3 are both facing upward, the first feed port 14 can be located at the upper part of the side wall of the outer cylinder 1, the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 are both arranged on the upper end wall (first end wall 11) of the outer cylinder 1, and the second bottom flow port 18 can be located at the lower part of the side wall of the outer cylinder 1, and close to the second end wall 111 of the outer cylinder 1 (the second end wall 111 can be the lower end wall).

[0089] The separation device 300 has the advantages of simple and compact structure, small footprint, high separation efficiency, low operation and maintenance costs, and no need to add reagents, thus realizing low-consumption and high-efficiency separation technology.

[0090] In some of these embodiments, Figure 3 As shown, the size of the separation device 300 satisfies at least one of the following:

[0091] The inner diameter D of the outer cylinder 1 is: 50mm≤D≤250mm;

[0092] The diameter d of the first feed port 14 is: d≤0.25D;

[0093] The diameter O1 of the first overflow port 16 is: O1≤0.25D, and the diameter O2 of the second overflow port 19 is: O2≤0.25D;

[0094] One end of the first overflow port 16 extends into the first separation chamber 12, and the length l1 extending into the first separation chamber 12 is: 0.4D≤l1≤0.8D, and one end of the second overflow port 19 extends into the second separation chamber 13, and the length l2 extending into the second separation chamber 13 is: 0.4D≤l2≤0.8D;

[0095] The diameter U2 of the second underflow port 18 is: U2≤0.15D;

[0096] The diameter F of the discharge port 110 is: F ≥ O2;

[0097] The distance L1 between the first end wall 11 of the outer cylinder 1 and the large end of the first tapered section 21 is: 3.0D≤L1≤6.0D, and the distance L2 between the partition and the large end of the second tapered section 31 is: 3.0D≤L2≤6.0D;

[0098] The diameter D1 of the large end of the first tapered section 21 is: D1≤0.80D, and the diameter D2 of the large end of the second tapered section 31 is: D2≤0.80D;

[0099] The height h1 of the first conical section 21 is: 2.0D≤h1≤3.5D, the height h2 of the second conical section 31 is: 2.0D≤h2≤3.5D, and the height G2 of the second cylindrical section 32 is: 0.5D2≤G2≤1.5D2;

[0100] The cone angle θ1 of the first cone section 21 is: 16°≤θ1≤24°, and the cone angle θ2 of the second cone section 31 is: 16°≤θ2≤24°;

[0101] The number of turns of the spiral blade 42 is: 2-6;

[0102] The helical angle β of the helical blade 42 is: 0°≤β≤30°;

[0103] The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion 41 is set to be equal to the diameter D1 of the large head end of the first tapered section 21 .

[0104] Of course, the dimensions of the separation device 300 are not limited to the above ranges and can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0105] It should be understood that the above-mentioned "diameter" may refer to the diameter when the components, structures, etc. are cylindrical or circular, or may refer to the equivalent diameter when the components, structures, etc. are non-cylindrical or non-circular.

[0106] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first feed port 14 is arranged tangentially to the first separation chamber 12 so that the waste forms a spiral motion in the first separation chamber 12 to achieve separation of the waste.

[0107] Of course, the first feed port 14 and the first separation chamber 12 may also be arranged to be non-tangential, and the spiral movement of the waste in the first separation chamber 12 is achieved by arranging a spiral flow channel in the first separation chamber 12 (such as: similar to the spiral flow channel 43 in the second separation chamber 13).

[0108] In some exemplary embodiments, Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the second underflow port 18 can be arranged tangentially to the second separation chamber 13, and the axes of the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 can coincide, that is, the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 can be arranged coaxially.

[0109] In some exemplary embodiments, the separation device 300 further includes a delivery pump (not shown), the outlet of the delivery pump is connected to the first feed port 14, and the delivery pump is configured to make the pressure of the waste input into the first feed port 14 be 0.2 MPa to 0.5 MPa. The delivery pump device that applies working pressure to the waste can be a mechanical device for delivering fluids, such as a submersible pump and a rotor pump.

[0110] In some exemplary embodiments, each outlet of the separation device 300 (e.g. Figure 3 and Figure 4 The first overflow port 16, the second underflow port 18 and the discharge port 110 are all equipped with electric valves to adjust the waste discharge flow rate.

[0111] In some exemplary embodiments, the separation device 300 is made of cast iron or stainless steel. Of course, the separation device 300 can also be made of other materials according to actual conditions.

[0112] In some exemplary embodiments, the axis of the outer cylinder 1 may be perpendicular to the horizontal plane to achieve upright installation of the separation device 300, such as Figure 2-Figure 4 As shown; or, the axis of the outer cylinder 1 is tilted relative to the horizontal plane to achieve oblique installation of the separation device 300; or, the axis of the outer cylinder 1 is parallel to the horizontal plane to achieve flat installation of the separation device 300.

[0113] In some exemplary embodiments, the ultrasonic reactor 5 includes one or more ultrasonic units, and the plurality of ultrasonic units are connected in series, wherein the ultrasonic unit is a tube-rod type ultrasonic unit.

[0114] The number of the tube-rod ultrasonic units in the ultrasonic reactor 5 can be determined according to the amount of waste to be processed, and a plurality of tube-rod ultrasonic units can be arranged in series.

[0115] In some exemplary embodiments, a plurality of ultrasonic reactors 5 are provided, and the plurality of ultrasonic reactors 5 are connected in parallel.

[0116] In some exemplary embodiments, a plurality of separation devices 300 are provided, and the plurality of separation devices 300 are connected in parallel.

[0117] According to the amount of waste to be processed, a plurality of ultrasonic reactors 5 and / or separation devices 300 may be provided, and a plurality of ultrasonic reactors 5 and a plurality of separation devices 300 may be operated in parallel.

[0118] In some exemplary embodiments, the underflow port (eg, the second underflow port 18) of the separation unit may be connected to the sludge thickening tank so as to discharge waste with high inorganic matter content (eg, high sand content) into the sludge thickening tank.

[0119] The embodiment of the present application also provides a waste treatment system, including an anaerobic digestion device 6 and a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to any of the above embodiments, and the outlet of the ultrasonic reactor 5 of the pretreatment device is connected to the anaerobic digestion device 6.

[0120] The waste treatment system of the embodiment of the present application can utilize the separation device 300 of the pretreatment device to separate the organic matter and inorganic matter of the waste, and utilize the ultrasonic reactor 5 of the pretreatment device to decompose the structure of the waste and even break the wall, so that the concentration of soluble organic matter is increased and the particle size of the waste is reduced, which facilitates the anaerobic digestion treatment of the waste in the anaerobic digestion device 6; the waste after ultrasonic treatment can enter the anaerobic digestion device 6 for anaerobic digestion treatment, which accelerates the anaerobic digestion process of the waste, reduces the reaction time of the anaerobic digestion of the waste, and significantly improves the anaerobic digestion effect of the waste.

[0121] In some exemplary embodiments, the anaerobic digestion device 6 may be an anaerobic digester or an anaerobic digestion tank. The anaerobic digestion device 6 may be in the shape of a fully mixed anaerobic reactor such as a slender tall column cone, a thick short column cone or an oval shape.

[0122] The following is a specific example to illustrate the effect of the pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion of the present application.

[0123] This embodiment provides a pretreatment method and device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, and the waste that can be pretreated is sludge.

[0124] like Figure 2 As shown, the pretreatment device mainly includes a separation device 300 and an ultrasonic reactor 5 which are connected in sequence.

[0125] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the structural parameters of the separation device 300 are as follows: the inner diameter D of the outer cylinder 1 is 60 mm; the diameter d of the first feed port 14 is 15 mm; the diameter D1 of the large end of the first conical section 21 is 48 mm, and the diameter D2 of the large end of the second conical section 31 is 44 mm; the diameter O1 of the first overflow port 16 is 14 mm, and the diameter O2 of the second overflow port 19 is 8 mm; the diameter F of the overflow discharge port 110 is 8 mm; the diameter U2 of the second underflow port 18 is 6 mm; the length l1 of the first overflow port 16 extending into the first separation chamber 12 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 of the second underflow port 18 is 14 mm; the diameter F of the overflow discharge port 110 is 8 mm; the diameter U2 of the second underflow port 18 is 6 mm; the length l1 of the first overflow port 16 extending into the first separation chamber 12 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 of the second underflow port 18 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 ... second underflow port 18 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 of the first overflow port 16 extending into the first separation chamber 12 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 of the second underflow port 18 is 14 mm; the diameter O2 of the first The length l2 of the second overflow port 19 extending into the second separation chamber 13 is 40mm; the length L1 of the first separation chamber 12 is 220mm, and the length L2 of the second separation chamber 13 is 190mm; the height h1 of the first conical section 21 is 145mm, and the height h2 of the second conical section 31 is 125mm; the cone angle θ1 of the first conical section 21 is 16°, and the cone angle θ2 of the second conical section 31 is 20°; the number of turns of the spiral blade 42 is 4; the spiral angle β of the spiral blade 42 is 10°; the height G2 of the second cylindrical section 32 is 30mm.

[0126] In this embodiment, the pressure of the sludge input into the first feed port 14 of the first-stage separation unit 100 (ie, the working pressure or driving pressure of the separation device 300, the device applying the pressure is a delivery pump) is 0.3 MPa.

[0127] In this embodiment, the separation device 300 is made of cast iron or stainless steel.

[0128] In this embodiment, the flow rate of the second underflow port 18 of the separation device 300 is controlled by an electric valve. By controlling the opening of the electric valve, the flow rate of the second underflow port 18 is approximately 7% of the flow rate of the first feed port 14 .

[0129] The sludge (high sand content) discharged from the second underflow port 18 of the separation device 300 is discharged into a separate high sand content sludge thickening tank. The ultrasonic reactor 5 is connected to both the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 of the separation device 300 to further process the overflow sludge (high organic matter content).

[0130] The ultrasonic reactor 5 includes a plurality of tube-rod ultrasonic units, wherein the number of the tube-rod ultrasonic units can be two, the power of a single tube-rod ultrasonic unit can be 1000W, the ultrasonic frequency can be 26kHz, the power density can be 0.8W / mL, and the sludge residence time is 50s.

[0131] In this embodiment, the anaerobic digestion device 6 can adopt a thick short column conical fully mixed anaerobic reactor, medium temperature anaerobic digestion (the temperature can be: 37±0.5°C), and the residence time can be 15 days.

[0132] In this embodiment, the feed sludge concentration of the first feed port 14 of the separation device 300 may be 32.6 g / L.

[0133] The sludge was pretreated using the pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion in this implementation, and the experimental results are as follows:

[0134] like Figure 5As shown, the value of the mixed liquor volatile suspended solid (MLVSS) / mixed liquor suspended solid (MLSS) in the sludge at the feed port (the first feed port 14) of the separation treatment 300 is 0.48. After the sludge is treated by the separation treatment 300, the MLVSS / MLSS value in the sludge mixed liquor discharged from the overflow port (the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110) of the separation device 300 is increased to 0.52, and the organic matter content in the sludge is increased by about 8.33%; the MLVSS / MLSS in the sludge discharged from the underflow port (the second underflow port 18) of the separation device 300 is reduced to 0.16, and the organic matter content in the sludge is reduced by about 66.7%. The experimental results show that the separation device 300 can separate the organic matter and inorganic matter in the sludge, realize the efficient treatment of the sludge by quality separation, and at the same time reduce the inorganic sand content of the waste in the subsequent sludge treatment process, avoiding its space effect to reduce the effective volume of the equipment and cause problems such as equipment wear and pipeline blockage.

[0135] like Figure 6 As shown, the average SCOD (soluble chemical oxygen demand) of the overflow sludge of the separation device 300 (the sludge discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110) is 138 mg / L. After ultrasonic treatment, the average SCOD of the ultrasonic sludge reaches 309 mg / L, and the SCOD is increased by about 1.24 times; Figure 7 As shown in the figure, in terms of sludge particle size, the particle size (average particle size) of the overflow sludge of the separation device 300 (sludge discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110) is 105 μm, and after ultrasonic treatment, the particle size (average particle size) of the ultrasonic sludge reaches 59 μm. The experimental results show that the mechanical effect, thermal effect and chemical effect generated by ultrasound through its cavitation can achieve efficient decomposition of sludge flocs, release soluble organic matter in the sludge, thereby increasing the SCOD of the sludge and reducing the particle size of the sludge.

[0136] like Figure 8As shown, the average methanogenic potentials of the original sludge (sludge from the first feed port 14 of the separation and disposal 300), overflow sludge (sludge discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110), bottom flow sludge (sludge discharged from the second bottom port 18), overflow sludge ultrasound (sludge discharged from the first overflow port 16 and the discharge port 110 is ultrasonically treated) and original sludge ultrasound (sludge not treated by the separation and disposal 300 is ultrasonically treated) are 151, 154, 104, 172 and 163 NmL / g-VS, respectively. The experimental results show that the methanogenic potential of the sludge can be significantly improved by the separation device 300 and ultrasound combined pretreatment. Compared with the original sludge and the sludge pretreated only by ultrasound, the methanogenic potential of the sludge pretreated by the separation device 300 and ultrasound combined pretreatment can be significantly improved by about 13.9% and 5.5%, respectively.

[0137] The above results indicate that the pretreatment method and device of the embodiment of the present application can effectively enhance the efficiency of anaerobic digestion of sludge, increase the methane production of anaerobic digestion and the waste energy conversion rate, and provide a new solution for the stabilization and resource utilization of sludge.

[0138] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "length", "up", "down", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0139] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.

[0140] In the description of the present application, “plurality” means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0141] In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the term "connection" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise clearly defined. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0142] In the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being “above” or “below” a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being “above”, “above”, and “above” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being “below”, “below”, and “below” a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0143] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "specific embodiments", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

[0144] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, characterized in that: include: Separating organic matter and inorganic matter in waste by using a separation device, wherein the separation device comprises one separation unit or a plurality of separation units, and the bottom flow port of one of the plurality of separation units is connected with the feed port of an adjacent separation unit so that the plurality of separation units are sequentially connected in series, the waste is configured to be able to perform spiral motion in the separation chamber of the separation unit to achieve separation of organic matter and inorganic matter, and the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the bottom flow port of the separation unit; The waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is discharged into an ultrasonic reactor for ultrasonic treatment.

2. The pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic reactor comprises one or more tube-rod ultrasonic units connected in series, wherein the working parameters of the tube-rod ultrasonic units are: power: 0-1000W, ultrasonic frequency: 20-40kHz, power density: 0.4-1.2W / mL, and waste residence time: 5-60s; and / or The pressure of the waste input into the separation device is 0.2MPa to 0.5MPa.

3. A method for treating waste, characterized in that: include: Pretreating the waste according to the pretreatment method for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 1 or 2; The waste treated with ultrasound is sent to an anaerobic digestion device for anaerobic digestion treatment.

4. The waste treatment method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anaerobic digestion treatment is a medium-temperature anaerobic digestion treatment, and the working parameters are: temperature is 37±0.5°C, and residence time is 12-20 days.

5. A pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion, characterized in that: include: A separation device, comprising one or more separation units, wherein the separation unit has a separation chamber, and a feed port, an underflow port and an overflow port connected to the separation chamber, wherein the underflow port of one of the plurality of separation units is connected to the feed port of an adjacent separation unit so that the plurality of separation units are sequentially connected in series, and the separation unit is configured to separate organic matter from inorganic matter in the waste by spiral motion of the waste in its separation chamber, so that the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the overflow port of the separation unit is higher than the content of organic matter in the waste discharged from the underflow port of the separation unit; and An ultrasonic reactor, wherein the inlet of the ultrasonic reactor is connected to the overflow ports of all the separation units, and the ultrasonic reactor is configured to perform ultrasonic treatment on waste.

6. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The separation device includes the plurality of separation units, and further includes: An outer cylinder body, in which at least one partition is provided to divide the space inside the outer cylinder body into a plurality of separation chambers; and A plurality of inner cones are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence in the plurality of separation chambers, and the small end of the inner cone faces the side where the feed port and the overflow port communicating with the corresponding separation chamber are located, and the large end of the inner cone is close to the bottom flow port communicating with the corresponding separation chamber; Wherein, the axis of the outer cylinder is perpendicular to the horizontal plane; or, the axis of the outer cylinder is inclined relative to the horizontal plane; or, the axis of the outer cylinder is parallel to the horizontal plane.

7. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partition includes a spiral body, which includes a cylindrical portion and spiral blades. The spiral blades are arranged between the outer wall of the cylindrical portion and the inner wall of the outer cylinder to form a spiral flow channel. The inlet of the spiral flow channel is connected to the bottom flow port of the separation chamber on one side of the partition, and the outlet of the spiral flow channel is connected to the feed port of the separation chamber on the other side of the partition.

8. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 7, characterized in that: The separation device comprises two separation units, two inner cones and a partition. The two separation units are respectively a first-stage separation unit and a second-stage separation unit, the bottom flow port of the first-stage separation unit is connected to the inlet of the spiral flow channel, the feed port of the second-stage separation unit is connected to the outlet of the spiral flow channel, and the overflow port of the first-stage separation unit and the overflow port of the second-stage separation unit are both connected to the inlet of the ultrasonic reactor; The two inner cones are respectively a first inner cone and a second inner cone, the first inner cone is arranged in the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit, and the small head end of the first inner cone faces the side where the feed port and overflow port of the first-stage separation unit are located, and the large head end of the first inner cone is close to the bottom flow port of the first-stage separation unit; the second inner cone is arranged in the separation chamber of the second-stage separation unit, and the small head end of the second inner cone faces the side where the feed port and overflow port of the second-stage separation unit are located, and the large head end of the second inner cone is close to the bottom flow port of the second-stage separation unit.

9. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first inner cone includes a first conical section, the cylindrical portion of the separator is arranged at the large end of the first conical section, a first connecting cavity is arranged in the cylindrical portion, the first conical section is provided with a second connecting cavity, the outer cylinder is provided with a discharge port, the overflow port of the second-stage separation unit is arranged at an end of the cylindrical portion away from the first inner cone, and the overflow port of the second-stage separation unit, the first connecting cavity, the second connecting cavity and the discharge port are sequentially connected; The overflow port and the discharge port of the first-stage separation unit are both arranged on the first end wall of the outer cylinder opposite to the small end of the first conical section, and the overflow port of the first-stage separation unit surrounds the outside of the discharge port; The second inner cone includes a second conical section and a second cylindrical section, the small end of the second conical section faces the partition, one end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the large end of the second conical section, the other end of the second cylindrical section is connected to the second end wall of the outer cylinder, and the second end wall of the outer cylinder is arranged opposite to the first end wall; The feed inlet of the first-stage separation unit and the bottom flow outlet of the second-stage separation unit are both arranged on the side wall of the outer cylinder, and the feed inlet of the first-stage separation unit is close to the first end wall of the outer cylinder, and the bottom flow outlet of the second-stage separation unit is close to the second end wall of the outer cylinder.

10. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to claim 9, characterized in that: The size of the separation device satisfies at least one of the following: The inner diameter D of the outer cylinder is: 50mm≤D≤250mm; The diameter d of the feed port of the first-stage separation unit is: d≤0.25D; The diameter O1 of the overflow port of the first-stage separation unit is: O1≤0.25D, and the diameter O2 of the overflow port of the second-stage separation unit is: O2≤0.25D; One end of the overflow port of the first-stage separation unit extends into the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit, and the length l1 extending into the separation chamber of the first-stage separation unit is: 0.4D≤l1≤0.8D, and one end of the overflow port of the second-stage separation unit extends into the separation chamber of the second-stage separation unit, and the length l2 extending into the separation chamber of the second-stage separation unit is: 0.4D≤l2≤0.8D; The diameter U2 of the bottom flow outlet of the second-stage separation unit is: U2≤0.15D; The diameter F of the discharge port is: F ≥ O2; The distance L1 between the first end wall of the outer cylinder and the large end of the first tapered section is: 3.0D≤L1≤6.0D, and the distance L2 between the partition and the large end of the second tapered section is: 3.0D≤L2≤6.0D; The diameter D1 of the large end of the first tapered section is: D1≤0.80D, and the diameter D2 of the large end of the second tapered section is: D2≤0.80D; The height h1 of the first conical section is: 2.0D≤h1≤3.5D, the height h2 of the second conical section is: 2.0D≤h2≤3.5D, and the height G2 of the second cylindrical section is: 0.5D2≤G2≤1.5D2; The cone angle θ1 of the first cone section is: 16°≤θ1≤24°, and the cone angle θ2 of the second cone section is: 16°≤θ2≤24°; The number of turns of the spiral blade is: 2-6; The helical angle β of the spiral blade is: 0°≤β≤30°; The outer diameter of the cylindrical portion is set to be equal to the diameter D1 of the large head end of the first tapered section.

11. The pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methanogenesis and waste energy conversion according to any one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that: The ultrasonic reactor comprises one ultrasonic unit, or the ultrasonic reactor comprises a plurality of ultrasonic units connected in series; and / or The ultrasonic unit of the ultrasonic reactor is a tube-rod type ultrasonic unit; and / or There are multiple separation devices, and the multiple separation devices are connected in parallel; and / or The ultrasonic reactor is provided in plurality, and the plurality of ultrasonic reactors are connected in parallel.

12. A waste treatment system, characterized in that: The invention comprises an anaerobic digestion device and a pretreatment device for improving anaerobic digestion methane production and waste energy conversion according to any one of claims 5 to 11, wherein the outlet of the ultrasonic reactor of the pretreatment device is connected to the anaerobic digestion device.

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