A fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of melting furnaces, and discloses a fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content, which includes a furnace body. Flame interfaces, a slag discharge port and a slag tank are respectively installed on the outer part of the furnace body. A spiral flame assembly for uniformly heating the fly ash is arranged inside the furnace body. The spiral flame assembly includes two spiral guiding curved strips and two transverse guiding curved strips. The two spiral guiding curved strips are arranged vertically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body. By arranging the flame interfaces in a spiral arrangement and obliquely upward, and at the same time the flame is arranged in a spiral under the restriction of the spiral guiding curved strips, the contact efficiency between the flame and the fly ash is improved, which helps the fly ash to be fully heated and melted. Because the spiral-arranged flame can wrap the fly ash in all directions, enabling all parts of the fly ash to fully contact with the high-temperature flame, effectively destroying the harmful substances in the fly ash, better realizing the stabilization treatment, and reducing the threat of organic pollutants to the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of melting furnaces, and particularly to a fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content. Background Art

[0002] A fly ash melting furnace is a high-temperature treatment device mainly used for treating hazardous wastes such as waste residues and fly ash. Its working principle is to convert waste residues and fly ash into glassy substances through high-temperature melting, thereby realizing the harmless and resource utilization of the wastes.

[0003] In the process of fly ash treatment by existing fly ash melting furnaces, although a relatively high efficiency has been achieved in conversion and utilization, there are still some problems that need to be urgently solved: First, among many types of fly ash melting furnaces, the flame jet melting furnace has attracted much attention. The reason why this type of melting furnace is widely favored is that it can quickly bring fly ash to the melting state by means of a high-temperature flame. To generate such a high-temperature flame, the presence of a blower is very necessary. The blower can provide combustion-supporting gas for the flame to ensure that the flame has sufficient energy. Under the action of such a high-temperature flame, harmful substances in the fly ash can be efficiently destroyed, and thus the stabilization treatment of fly ash can be realized. This process is of great significance for reducing the threat of organic pollutants to the environment. Moreover, the flame jet method can also promote the melting and recombination of inorganic components in the fly ash, prompting it to form a vitreous body with excellent physical and chemical properties.

[0004] However, it is not easy to ensure sufficient contact between the flame and the fly ash. To improve the contact efficiency, the existing technology usually adopts the strategy of increasing the number of burners or optimizing their layout. Although this approach has improved the contact between the flame and the fly ash to a certain extent, it has also brought new problems.

[0005] First of all, the increase in the number of burners directly leads to a significant increase in energy consumption. Each burner needs to continuously supply fuel to maintain the stable combustion of the flame, which not only increases the operating cost but also poses higher requirements for the stability and sustainability of energy supply. More importantly, since the outer flame temperature of the flame is high, but the inner flame and flame core temperatures are relatively low, there is always a part of the fly ash that cannot be fully contacted with the outer flame of the flame, resulting in poor melting effect of this part of the fly ash, or even incomplete melting or local overheating. This not only affects the formation quality and stability of the vitreous body but also may lead to uneven temperature distribution in the furnace, further exacerbating the problems of energy waste and equipment wear.

[0006] More seriously, due to the obvious unequal relationship between the content of vitreous body and the consumed energy, that is, the increase in energy consumption fails to bring a corresponding increase in the output of vitreous body, which greatly reduces the energy efficiency ratio of the entire melting process. In addition, uneven temperature in the furnace and incomplete melting of fly ash also have a negative impact on the emission performance of the melting furnace. The incompletely melted fly ash particles will also affect the subsequent emission treatment of flue gas, thus increasing the economic burden. These problems not only affect the environmental protection performance of the melting furnace, but also pose a potential threat to the surrounding environment and human health.

[0007] Secondly, with the continuous combustion in the furnace, the fly ash gradually melts under the action of high temperature and is discharged into the slag tank through the slag outlet. Under the synergistic action of the slag tank and the refrigeration element, these molten substances gradually cool and solidify to form stable vitreous bodies. However, there is a significant drawback in this process: the slag outlet is directly connected to the external environment, resulting in that when the high-temperature molten substances come into contact with the lower temperature outside, they are extremely easy to quickly condense on the surface of the slag tank to form a hard crust.

[0008] This crust not only hinders the smooth discharge of subsequent molten substances, increases the operating resistance of the equipment, but also significantly increases the cleaning difficulty for the operators. To address this challenge, the existing technology attempts to introduce a mechanical scraping method to replace the traditional manual cleaning. However, mechanical scraping is not a perfect solution. On the one hand, due to the extremely high temperature of the molten substances, the scraper is prone to deformation or even damage due to the thermal expansion and contraction effect or insufficient material tolerance when directly contacting, which not only increases the maintenance cost of the equipment, but also reduces the cleaning efficiency. On the other hand, even if a scraper made of high-temperature resistant material is used, some components in the molten substances still firmly adhere to the surface of the scraper due to their strong adhesiveness, forming residues that are difficult to remove, further affecting the scraping effect. In the long run, the cleaning and replacement of the scraper will become a frequent and cumbersome task, posing a severe challenge to the continuous and stable operation of the equipment.

[0009] Therefore, the present invention proposes a fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the content of vitreous body. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the content of vitreous body to solve the problems put forward in the above background technology.

[0011] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content, including a furnace body, on the outer part of which a flame interface, a slag discharge port and a slag tank are respectively installed. Inside the furnace body, there is a spiral flame assembly for making the fly ash heated evenly. The spiral flame assembly includes two spiral guiding strips and two transverse guiding strips. The two spiral guiding strips are arranged vertically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body, and the axis between the two spiral guiding strips is collinear with the axis of the output end of the flame interface. The two transverse guiding strips are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the spiral guiding strip close to the center of the furnace body.

[0012] Preferably, for the transverse guiding strip located above, its bottom is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body. For the transverse guiding strip located below, its top is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body.

[0013] Preferably, there are multiple flame interfaces, and the flame interfaces are all installed on the outer surface of the furnace body. A feed port is installed at the top of the furnace body, the slag discharge port is installed at the bottom of the furnace body, and a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slag tank.

[0014] Preferably, a blower unit is arranged outside the furnace body. A number of the flame interfaces are arranged in a spiral pattern on the outside of the furnace body, and their output ends are located inside the furnace body. At the same time, the flame interfaces are all set in an inclined posture.

[0015] Preferably, inside the furnace body, there is a hot air guiding assembly for preventing the molten fly ash from condensing on the surface of the slag discharge port due to temperature changes. The hot air guiding assembly includes a diversion cover and a number of spiral diversion pipes. The spiral diversion pipes are used to guide the hot air inside the furnace body to the inside of the diversion cover based on the principle of natural upward movement of hot air. The lower end of the diversion cover is in a gradually expanding shape. The diversion cover is used to make the hot air blow reversely to the slag discharge port through its guiding function, so as to prevent excessive temperature changes while keeping the molten fly ash in a relatively high-temperature state and further preventing it from condensing.

[0016] Preferably, the spiral diversion pipes are all arranged in an annular equidistant pattern and fixedly communicated with the top side of the inner wall of the diversion cover, and the bottom of the spiral diversion pipe is perpendicular to the ground.

[0017] Preferably, the hot air guiding assembly further includes a number of shunt plates, the shunt plates are all fixedly connected to the bottom of the spiral diversion pipes, an acceleration sleeve is fixedly communicated with the bottom of the diversion cover, and a number of curved diversion plates are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diversion cover in an annular equidistant pattern.

[0018] Preferably, the flow splitting plates are all arranged obliquely, the acceleration sleeve is arranged to be in an overall contracted shape, the bent deflector is arranged in a spiral shape, and the end of the spiral guide pipe located inside the flow guide cover is in the same bending direction as the bent deflector.

[0019] Preferably, a plurality of inclined baffles are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acceleration sleeve, a plurality of arc-shaped reflectors are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the furnace body, and a plurality of load-bearing rods are fixedly connected between the arc-shaped reflectors and the acceleration sleeve.

[0020] Preferably, every two of the inclined baffles are set as a group, and each group of the inclined baffles is located on both sides of the bottom of the bent deflector.

[0021] Preferably, electromagnetic valves are installed inside the slag discharge port and the feed port.

[0022] Preferably, a water-cooled jacket is installed outside the slag tank.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. By arranging the flame interfaces in a spiral layout and obliquely upward, and at the same time, the flame is arranged in a spiral shape under the restriction of the spiral guiding strips, the contact efficiency between the flame and the fly ash is improved, which helps the fly ash to be fully heated and melted. Because the spiral-arranged flame can wrap the fly ash in all directions, so that all parts of the fly ash can be in full contact with the high-temperature flame, effectively destroying the harmful substances in the fly ash, better realizing the stabilization treatment, reducing the environmental threat of organic pollutants, and at the same time promoting the full melting and recombination of the inorganic components in the fly ash to form a vitreous body with high quality and good stability, providing more favorable conditions for subsequent utilization or disposal.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the prior art improves the contact efficiency between the flame and the fly ash by increasing the number of flame interfaces or optimizing the layout, but there are many drawbacks. The design of the present invention with the spiral layout of the flame interfaces and the cooperation of the spiral flame component structure can reduce the usage amount of the flame interfaces, which not only reduces the initial cost of the equipment, but also reduces the energy consumption, because there is no need to supply fuel for too many flame interfaces, and at the same time reduces the requirements for the stability and sustainability of the energy supply, and improves the energy efficiency ratio of the entire melting process.

[0025] Among them: The lateral guiding strips can restrict the flow of the flame from the side, thereby maintaining the stability of the flame. When the flame sprays obliquely upward from the flame interface and is guided by the spiral guiding strips to be in a spiral shape, the lateral guiding strips can prevent the flame from spreading excessively to the side, keeping the flame in a relatively stable spiral trajectory. This helps to ensure that the contact between the flame and the fly ash is always in a stable and efficient state, ensuring the melting effect of the fly ash, and further improving the formation quality and stability of the vitreous body.

[0026] Among them: Due to the restrictive effects of the spiral guiding curved strip and the transverse guiding curved strip, it is very difficult for fly ash particles to move to the output end of the flame interface, thus effectively preventing fly ash from blocking the flame interface. In traditional melting furnaces, fly ash would accumulate near the flame interface, resulting in the blockage of the flame interface, affecting the normal ejection of the flame and the combustion efficiency. However, through the restriction of fly ash by the spiral guiding curved strip and the transverse guiding curved strip, the fly ash is prevented from approaching the flame interface, ensuring the normal operation of the flame interface, reducing the risk of equipment failure, and improving the reliability of equipment operation.

[0027] Among them: The spiral-shaped flame also has the function of cleaning the inner wall of the furnace body, thus preventing fly ash from adhering to the inner wall of the furnace body. During the process of the spiral flame rotating and rising in the furnace body, it can produce a certain scouring effect on the inner wall of the furnace body, taking away the fly ash particles that may adhere to the wall. This helps to keep the inner wall of the furnace body clean and reduce the residue of fly ash in the furnace.

[0028] 2. Utilizing hot air based on the principle of natural upward movement, the hot air enters the inside of the deflector hood through the spiral guide pipe. The spiral shape of the spiral guide pipe can increase the travel distance of the hot air, enabling the hot air to be fully preheated inside the pipe, enhancing its energy. Then, under the guiding action of the deflector hood, the hot air is blown back towards the slag outlet again. The hot air can effectively neutralize the temperature difference between the slag outlet and the outside world, preventing the high-temperature molten substances from condensing at the slag outlet. Therefore, the hot air guiding component improves the smoothness of the slag outlet, helps the smooth discharge of the molten substances, improves the operation efficiency of the equipment, and reduces the equipment failures caused by crusting.

[0029] Compared with the existing technology that uses mechanical scraping to deal with the crusting at the slag outlet, there are many problems with the mechanical scraping method. The scraper is easily damaged due to high temperature, increasing the maintenance cost and reducing the cleaning efficiency. At the same time, the strong adhesion of the molten substance will also affect the scraping effect. However, the hot air guiding component prevents the generation of crusting from the source, avoiding a series of troubles brought by mechanical scraping, and ensuring that the equipment can operate more stably and continuously.

[0030] Among them: When the hot air rises, it will carry some tiny particles. The inclined diverter plate can change the air flow direction, making it difficult for the particles to enter the spiral guide pipe under the action of gravity, thus avoiding the accumulation and blockage of particles inside the pipe, ensuring the normal flow of hot air in the spiral guide pipe, and further ensuring the stable operation of the entire hot air guiding component.

[0031] Among them: The spiral-shaped curved deflector plate can conduct more refined guiding of the hot air entering the deflector hood, making the hot air flow along a spiral trajectory, enhancing the flow stability of the hot air. In this way, the hot air can be more evenly distributed inside the deflector hood, and thus be more effectively guided towards the slag outlet.

[0032] Wherein: The inclined baffle can adjust the flow direction of the hot air after passing through the curved deflector, making the hot air flow more concentrated and orderly towards the slag outlet, enhancing the protection effect of the hot air on the slag outlet, and preventing the occurrence of caking phenomenon.

[0033] Wherein: When the hot air blows towards the slag outlet, part of the hot air will change direction, and the arc-shaped reflector can reflect this part of the hot air that has changed direction, so that it is wrapped by the mainstream hot air and blown towards the slag outlet again.

[0034] Wherein: When the hot air flows through the contraction-shaped acceleration sleeve, according to the principle of fluid mechanics, the reduction of the flow channel cross-sectional area will promote the increase of the flow velocity of the hot air. The higher flow velocity enables the hot air to reach the slag outlet more quickly, thereby neutralizing the temperature difference between the slag outlet and the outside world more timely.

[0035] Wherein: The existence of the arc-shaped reflector not only provides a reflection effect, but also provides a supporting force for the entire hot air guiding component through the bearing rod at the top.

[0036] While achieving the above beneficial effects, the present invention also has the following advantages: The arc-shaped structure of the arc-shaped reflector can play a certain guiding role on the molten fly ash, similar to the effect of guiding the flow. When the molten fly ash flows towards the slag outlet, the arc-shaped reflector can guide it to flow along a specific path, making the flow of the fly ash more orderly and smooth, and reducing the disorder and blockage of the fly ash during the flow process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 It is a front view three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a rear view three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 It is a sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 It is a sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hot air guiding component and the spiral flame component of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure at A in.

[0042] Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hot air guiding component of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 It is a top view sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of the hot air guiding component of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 It is a sectional three-dimensional schematic diagram of the spiral guide tube of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 9 For the present invention Figure 8 The enlarged three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure at position B in the present invention.

[0046] Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged three-dimensional schematic diagram of the structure at position C in the present invention.

[0047] In the figure: 11, furnace body; 12, flame interface; 13, feed inlet; 14, slag outlet.

[0048] 2. Hot air guiding assembly; 21, flow guiding cover; 22, spiral flow guiding pipe; 23, shunt plate; 24, acceleration sleeve; 25, bent flow guiding plate; 26, inclined baffle; 27, arc-shaped reflecting plate.

[0049] 3. Spiral flame assembly; 31, spiral guiding curved strip; 32, transverse guiding curved strip. Specific embodiments

[0050] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] It should be noted that the flame interface 12 has the function of connecting with an external fire supply device, and the external fire supply device only serves to provide flame. The vibrator only provides a vibration function for the furnace body 11, thereby reducing the situation of fly ash adhering to the inner wall of the furnace body 11. Its technical principle and implementation method both belong to the scope of the prior art. In view of the universality and maturity of the external arch fire device, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail hereinafter.

[0052] The fan unit only serves to provide combustion-supporting gas inside the furnace body 11. At the same time, its air inlet is arranged at the diagonally upward edge at the bottom side of the furnace body 11, and the air outlet is arranged on the side of the furnace body 11. At the same time, the technical principle and implementation method of the fan unit both belong to the scope of the prior art. In view of the universality and maturity of the fan unit, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail hereinafter.

[0053] Solenoid valves are installed inside the slag outlet 14 and the feed inlet 13, and a water-cooled jacket is installed outside the slag tank to cool the molten fly ash and solidify it into a vitreous body.

[0054] Example 1, please refer to Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 10As shown in the figure, a fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content includes a furnace body 11. A flame interface 12, a slag outlet 14 and a slag trough are respectively installed outside the furnace body 11. Inside the furnace body 11, there is a spiral flame assembly 3 for making the fly ash heated evenly. The spiral flame assembly 3 includes two spiral guiding strips 31 and two transverse guiding strips 32. The two spiral guiding strips 31 are arranged vertically and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body 11, and the axis between the two spiral guiding strips 31 is collinear with the axis of the output end of the flame interface 12. The two transverse guiding strips 32 are respectively fixedly connected to the side of the spiral guiding strip 31 close to the center of the furnace body 11.

[0055] It should be noted that for the upper transverse guiding strip 32, its bottom is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body 11. For the lower transverse guiding strip 32, its top is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body 11. A vibrator is installed outside the furnace body 11, and an alumina coating is provided on the inner wall of the furnace body 11.

[0056] Specifically, the operator first puts the fly ash into the furnace body 11 through the feed port 13, and then starts the external fire supply equipment, the fan unit and the vibrator outside the furnace body 11. The external fire supply equipment stably transports the flame into the furnace body 11 through the flame interface 12 to provide necessary combustion conditions.

[0057] At the same time, the fan unit starts to work. Since the air inlet of the fan unit is cleverly arranged at the bottom edge of the furnace body 11, and the air outlet is located on the side of the furnace body 11 and obliquely upward, such a design enables the air, under the action of the fan, to enter from the bottom edge of the furnace body 11 and be blown out from the air outlet obliquely upward on the side of the furnace body 11 along the preset air flow path. That is, an air flow direction from the bottom edge to the side and obliquely upward is formed inside the furnace body 11.

[0058] Secondly, since the flame interfaces 12 are arranged spirally upward outside the furnace body 11, the flame has a tangential force when being transported.

[0059] At this time, the two spiral guiding strips 31 on the inner wall of the furnace body 11 start to play a guiding role. The tangential force of the flame gives it an initial momentum along the spiral direction of the flame interface 12. When the flame contacts the spiral guiding strip 31, the spiral guiding strip 31 exerts a normal constraint force on the flame. According to Newton's second law, the flame will change its motion direction under this constraint force. Due to the guiding role of the spiral guiding strip 31 being along a specific direction, the flame will gradually form a spiral flame.

[0060] The spiral flame can increase the contact area between the flame and the fly ash. Compared with ordinary flames, the spiral flame is spirally distributed inside the furnace body 11. Its trajectory in three-dimensional space is longer, and it can cover the space inside the furnace body 11 more comprehensively, so that the fly ash can come into contact with the flame more fully at all positions inside the furnace body 11, thereby achieving more uniform heating. Secondly, the rotational characteristics of the spiral flame endow it with a strong scouring ability. During the spiral upward movement of the flame, due to its own rotational motion, a centrifugal force will be generated on the inner wall of the furnace body 11, and this centrifugal force will drive the flame to approach the inner wall of the furnace body 11, thus realizing the scouring effect on the inner wall.

[0061] In addition, under the vibration of the vibrator, a synergistic effect is formed between the alumina coating on the inner wall of the furnace body 11 and the scouring of the spiral flame: the periodic mechanical vibration generated by the vibrator causes the fly ash particles adhering to the inner wall to break away, and the centrifugal scouring of the spiral flame further entangles the detached fly ash into the combustion zone, while the low surface energy characteristic of the alumina coating reduces the probability of fly ash adhesion.

[0062] In this process, the transverse guiding strip 32 also plays an important role. The bottom of the upper transverse guiding strip 32 is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body 11. The top of the lower transverse guiding strip 32 is designed to be sharp and inclined towards the side close to the center of the furnace body 11. When the spiral flame moves inside the furnace body 11, due to the sharp shape and inclined angle of the transverse guiding strip 32, the flame will receive a biasing force exerted by the transverse guiding strip 32. For the upper transverse guiding strip 32, under the action of the sharp part at its bottom, a part of the flame will be guided towards the center of the furnace body 11. For the lower transverse guiding strip 32, under the action of the sharp part at its top, a part of the flame will also be guided towards the center of the furnace body 11.

[0063] This guiding effect has important benefits. On the one hand, it can further enhance the mixing effect of the flame inside the furnace body 11. The flame guided to the center of the furnace body 11 by the transverse guiding curved strips 32 is mixed with the flame originally near the center, so that the fly ash in the central area of ​​the furnace body 11 can also be fully heated, thereby further improving the uniformity of heating of the fly ash. On the other hand, the guiding effect of the transverse guiding curved strips 32 on the flame helps to adjust the distribution of the flame in the furnace body 11. Under the action of the transverse guiding curved strips 32, the distribution of the flame in the furnace body 11 is more reasonable, avoiding the situation where the flame is too concentrated in some areas and insufficient in other areas, ensuring that the fly ash in the entire furnace body 11 can be melted at a suitable temperature. At the same time, the guidance of the flame by the transverse guiding curved strips 32 can also enhance the stirring effect of the flame on the fly ash to a certain extent, so that the fly ash rolls continuously in the furnace body 11, which is more conducive to the heat exchange between the fly ash and the flame, improves the heating efficiency of the fly ash, and thus improves the working efficiency and processing effect of the entire furnace body 11.

[0064] In addition, the uniform movement of the spiral flame also improves the problem of temperature difference between the outer flame and the flame core when ordinary flames heat fly ash. Due to its spiral movement, the spiral flame will continuously disturb the surrounding gas, so that the fuel and oxygen inside the flame interface 12 are more fully mixed, so that the combustion reaction in the flame core area will be more complete and release more heat.

[0065] Finally, as the heating process continues, the temperature in the furnace body 11 gradually increases. During this process, the fly ash is continuously heated and eventually forms a molten substance. Further, the molten fly ash will move to the slag outlet 14 based on gravity. At this time, the operator opens the solenoid valve and allows the molten fly ash to flow out from the slag outlet 14. When the molten fly ash flows to the slag trough, it will cool due to the cooling effect of the water-cooled jacket and eventually form the desired glass body.

[0066] It should be noted that the sufficient combustion of the spiral flame improves the thermal efficiency of the entire system, thereby making the workload of the fan unit relatively stable. For example, in an industrial heating furnace system that needs to maintain a specific temperature, due to more complete combustion, the fan does not need to excessively adjust the air volume to compensate for the heat loss caused by incomplete combustion, thereby reducing the frequent adjustment of the fan, which is beneficial to extending the service life of the fan. The complex airflow movement generated by the spiral flame can interact with the airflow generated by the fan to enhance the overall airflow mixing effect.

[0067] Example 2, please refer to Figures 1 to 5As shown in the figure, a hot air guiding assembly 2 for preventing the molten fly ash from condensing on the surface of the slag outlet 14 due to temperature changes is arranged inside the furnace body 11. The hot air guiding assembly 2 includes a diversion cover 21 and a plurality of spiral diversion pipes 22. The spiral diversion pipes 22 are used to guide the hot air inside the furnace body 11 to the inside of the diversion cover 21 based on the principle of natural upward movement of hot air. The lower end of the diversion cover 21 is in a gradually expanding shape. The diversion cover 21 is used to make the hot air blow reversely to the slag outlet 14 through its own guiding function, so as to prevent excessive temperature changes while keeping the molten fly ash in a relatively high temperature state and further preventing it from condensing.

[0068] Please refer to as Figures 1 to 9 As shown in the figure, the hot air guiding assembly 2 further includes a plurality of shunt plates 23. The shunt plates 23 are all fixedly connected to the bottom of the spiral diversion pipes 22. The bottom of the diversion cover 21 is fixedly communicated with an acceleration sleeve 24. A plurality of curved diversion plates 25 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the diversion cover 21 in an annular equidistant arrangement. A plurality of inclined baffles 26 are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acceleration sleeve 24. A plurality of arc-shaped reflecting plates 27 are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the furnace body 11. A plurality of bearing rods are fixedly connected between the arc-shaped reflecting plates 27 and the acceleration sleeve 24.

[0069] It should be noted that the spiral diversion pipes 22 are all fixedly communicated with the top side of the inner wall of the diversion cover 21 in an annular equidistant arrangement. The bottom of the spiral diversion pipes 22 is perpendicular to the ground. The shunt plates 23 are all inclined. The acceleration sleeve 24 is arranged to be in an overall contracted shape. The curved diversion plates 25 are arranged in a spiral shape, and the end of the spiral diversion pipe 22 located inside the diversion cover 21 is in the same bending direction as the curved diversion plate 25. Every two inclined baffles 26 are set as a group. The inclined baffles 26 are all located on both sides of the bottom of the curved diversion plate 25. There are multiple flame interfaces 12, and the flame interfaces 12 are all installed on the outer surface of the furnace body 11. The top of the furnace body 11 is provided with a feed inlet 13. The slag outlet 14 is installed at the bottom of the furnace body 11. A fixed rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slag trough, and the end of the fixed rod away from the slag trough is in contact with the ground. A fan unit is arranged outside the furnace body 11. A plurality of flame interfaces 12 are all arranged in a spiral on the outside of the furnace body 11, and their output ends are located inside the furnace body 11. At the same time, the flame interfaces 12 are all arranged in an inclined posture.

[0070] Specifically, in the first embodiment, since the flame interfaces 12 continuously spray flames, the fly ash inside the furnace body 11 is always in a molten state, which makes the temperature inside the furnace body 11 remain quite high.

[0071] Meanwhile, the settings of the air inlet and outlet in the fan unit cause the air to have an air flow direction that slopes obliquely upward from the bottom edge of the furnace body 11 to the side. At the same time, based on the principle that hot air naturally rises, the hot air inside the furnace body 11 will rise. Then, part of the hot air will enter the inside of the spiral guide pipe 22 through the diversion plate 23. Since the diversion plate 23 is inclined, this inclined structure can effectively prevent fly ash particles from entering the spiral guide pipe 22 along with the hot air. Because the fly ash particles have a certain inertia under the drive of the hot air, when they encounter the inclined diversion plate 23, the particles are blocked because they cannot smoothly change their movement direction, thus preventing the particles from entering the spiral guide pipe 22 and avoiding problems such as blockage.

[0072] After the hot air successfully passes through the diversion plate 23 and enters the spiral guide pipe 22, the spiral structure of the spiral guide pipe 22 greatly increases the travel distance of the hot air. When the hot air flows inside the spiral guide pipe 22, the increased travel distance allows the hot air to have more contact time with the wall of the spiral guide pipe 22, so that heat can be better retained, heat loss can be reduced, and the utilization rate of the hot air can be improved. Moreover, under the shape of the spiral guide pipe 22 itself, the hot air inside it will flow in a spiral manner, that is, a spiral fluid is formed.

[0073] It should be noted that the diameter of the spiral guide pipe 22 is relatively small. From the perspective of heat exchange efficiency, a smaller diameter helps to form a more concentrated hot air flow. When the hot air flows in the relatively narrow spiral guide pipe 22, due to the relatively narrow space, the distance between the hot air molecules and the pipe wall is closer, and the heat transfer between the hot air and the pipe wall is more efficient, which can more effectively utilize the heat carried by the hot air and reduce the heat loss to the surrounding environment.

[0074] Secondly, since the inside of the furnace body 11 is in a high-temperature state, this makes the hot air generate at a relatively fast speed, and the hot air molecules have a relatively high internal energy. According to the ideal gas state equation, in the relatively closed space of the furnace body 11, when the temperature is relatively high, the pressure of the hot air is also relatively large, which prompts the hot air to flow towards the spiral guide pipe 22 at a relatively fast speed. Although the diameter of the spiral guide pipe 22 is small, due to the high-speed flow of the hot air and the large pressure difference generated by the high temperature inside the furnace body 11, it can ensure that a sufficient amount of hot air enters the spiral guide pipe 22.

[0075] Furthermore, when the hot air enters the spiral guide pipe 22, due to the temperature difference and pressure difference inside the furnace body 11, it already has a certain initial kinetic energy. Moreover, the spiral structure of the spiral guide pipe 22 plays a role in restricting and guiding the flow of the hot air. When the hot air flows along the spiral path, just like an object moving in a bend, its flow direction is constantly changing. According to the kinetic energy theorem, in this process, the kinetic energy of the hot air will be redistributed and transformed under the constraint of the pipe wall, which enhances the kinetic energy of the hot air to a certain extent.

[0076] After that, hot air will enter the interior of the fairing 21. Due to the expanding shape at its lower end, the upper end is constricted relative to the lower end. Therefore, the tendency of the upper end to expand can guide the hot air to flow downward. Further, the hot air forms a more orderly flow state inside the fairing 21, increasing the flow rate and pressure. As the hot air continues to flow, it will pass through the inclined baffle 26. Due to the inclined setting of the baffle, the hot air will be blocked and guided by the inclined baffle 26, that is, the hot air exerts a pressure perpendicular to the surface of the inclined baffle 26 on the inclined baffle 26, and the inclined baffle 26 exerts a reaction force on the hot air. This reaction force further changes the flow direction of the hot air, and due to the inclined angle of the inclined baffle 26, the hot air will have a certain compression effect while changing the flow direction, further increasing the flow rate and pressure of the hot air.

[0077] Then, the hot air enters the acceleration sleeve 24. During this process, the hot air is gradually restricted by the tapered structure. As the cross-sectional area gradually decreases, the flow rate of the hot air increases, forming an acceleration effect. In this way, under the action of the acceleration sleeve 24, the hot air can more effectively rush towards the slag discharge port 14.

[0078] When the hot air impacts the slag discharge port 14, the surface of the slag discharge port 14 exerts a normal reaction force on the hot air, causing the flow direction of the hot air to change. At this time, the arc-shaped reflector 27 comes into play. The arc-shaped reflector 27 can reflect this part of the gas with the changed angle back according to its own arc shape, so that it is carried by the mainstream gas again and continues to blow towards the slag discharge port 14.

[0079] And the hot air blowing towards the slag discharge port 14 can, on the one hand, prevent the molten fly ash from condensing on the surface of the slag discharge port 14 due to temperature changes. Because if the temperature of the molten fly ash drops too fast at the slag discharge port 14, it is easy to condense, and the blowing of the hot air can maintain a relatively high-temperature state near the slag discharge port 14, ensuring that the fly ash is in a molten state, thereby accelerating the feeding speed and enabling the fly ash to be discharged smoothly.

[0080] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "comprising an..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising said element.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content, comprising a furnace body (11), and a flame interface (12), a slag discharge port (14) and a slag tank are respectively installed outside the furnace body (11), and it is characterized in that: A spiral flame assembly (3) for uniformly heating the fly ash is arranged inside the furnace body (11), the spiral flame assembly (3) comprising two spiral guide curved strips (31) and two transverse guide curved strips (32), the two spiral guide curved strips (31) being arranged up and down and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the furnace body (11), and the axis between the two spiral guide curved strips (31) is colinear with the axis of the output end of the flame interface (12), and the two transverse guide curved strips (32) are respectively fixedly connected to one side of the spiral guide curved strip (31) close to the center of the furnace body (11); A plurality of flame interfaces (12) are provided, and the flame interfaces (12) are all installed on the outer surface of the furnace body (11); a feed port (13) is installed on the top of the furnace body (11); the slag outlet (14) is installed on the bottom of the furnace body (11); and a fixing rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the slag trough; A fan unit is arranged outside the furnace body (11), a plurality of flame interfaces (12) are arranged in a spiral outside the furnace body (11), and their output ends are located inside the furnace body (11), and the flame interfaces (12) are arranged in an inclined posture.

2. The fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content according to claim 1, wherein: The bottom of the transverse guide curved strip (32) located at the top is sharp and inclined toward the side close to the center of the furnace body (11), and the top of the transverse guide curved strip (32) located at the bottom is sharp and inclined toward the side close to the center of the furnace body (11).

3. The fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous body content according to claim 1, wherein: A hot air guide assembly (2) is provided inside the furnace body (11) for preventing molten fly ash from condensing on the surface of the slag outlet (14) due to temperature changes. The hot air guide assembly (2) comprises a guide hood (21) and a plurality of spiral guide pipes (22). The spiral guide pipes (22) are used to guide the hot air inside the furnace body (11) to the inside of the guide hood (21) based on the principle of natural rise of hot air. The lower end of the guide hood (21) is in a gradually expanding shape. The guide hood (21) is used to allow the hot air to be blown in the opposite direction to the slag outlet (14) through its own guiding effect, thereby preventing excessive temperature changes while maintaining the molten fly ash at a relatively high temperature and further preventing it from condensing.

4. A fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content according to claim 3, characterized in that: The spiral flow guide pipes (22) are all arranged in an annular shape and at equal intervals and are fixedly connected to the top side of the inner wall of the flow guide cover (21); the bottom of the spiral flow guide pipes (22) is perpendicular to the ground.

5. The fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous body content according to claim 4, wherein: The hot air guide assembly (2) further comprises a plurality of flow dividers (23), each of the flow dividers (23) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the spiral flow guide tube (22), the bottom of the flow guide cover (21) being fixedly connected to an acceleration sleeve (24), and a plurality of curved flow guide plates (25) being fixedly connected and arranged in an annular manner and at equal intervals on the inner wall of the flow guide cover (21).

6. The fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous body content according to claim 5, wherein: The flow dividers (23) are all arranged obliquely, the accelerating sleeve (24) is arranged to be in a contracted state as a whole, the curved flow guide plate (25) is arranged to be spirally shaped, and one end of the spiral flow guide tube (22) located inside the flow guide cover (21) is in the same bending direction as the curved flow guide plate (25).

7. The fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plurality of inclined baffles (26) are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the acceleration sleeve (24), and a plurality of arc-shaped reflecting plates (27) are fixedly connected to the bottom of the inner wall of the furnace body (11). A plurality of bearing rods are fixedly connected between the arc-shaped reflecting plates (27) and the acceleration sleeve (24).

8. A fly ash melting furnace capable of increasing the vitreous content according to claim 7, characterized in that: Every two of the inclined baffles (26) are set as a group, and each group of the inclined baffles (26) is located on both sides of the bottom of the curved guide plate (25).

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