Carbon-based trichoderma bulk blending fertilizer as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a carbon-based trichoderma bulk blending fertilizer as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The blended fertilizer is prepared from 10-15 parts of charcoal particles, 5-10 parts of trichoderma composite granules and 55-65 parts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, wherein the trichoderma composite granules comprise trichoderma spore mother powder, diatomite and potassium fulvate; the spore content in the trichoderma composite granule is 1 * 10 < 8 >-2 * 10 < 8 > CFU / g; the trichoderma spore mother powder is prepared by mixing trichoderma spores and a carrier; the trichoderma is selected from at least one of trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 and trichoderma harzianum T30. The carbon-based bulk blending fertilizer is cooperatively used with the bright sand and the sheep manure, is combined with drip irrigation of trichoderma active elements in the corn seedling stage and spraying of trichoderma-metarhizium anisopliae active elements in the middle and later growth stages, and has an obvious synergistic interaction effect on reduction of soil saline-alkali ion stress and prevention and treatment of corn bacterial wilt and corn aphid damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to a charcoal-based trichoderma-blended fertilizer and a preparation method thereof. The charcoal-based trichoderma-blended fertilizer is synergistically applied with sand and sheep manure to reduce soil salinity and alkali stress and to biologically control corn diseases and insect pests. Background Art

[0002] The stress effect of alkaline soil often leads to serious occurrence of crop diseases and insect pests. Under salinity-alkali stress, crop growth is stunted and metabolism is disrupted, and the crop's resistance to diseases and insect pests will be significantly reduced, making it more susceptible to diseases and insect pests.

[0003] Corn planted in saline-alkali land is more susceptible to pests and diseases than corn planted in non-saline-alkali land, mainly corn borers, red spiders, aphids, bacterial wilt (stem base rot), and large and small leaf spots. Therefore, biological control of corn pests and diseases in saline-alkali areas must take into account the ecological improvement of soil salinization, otherwise it is difficult for biological control microorganisms to survive and play a role under soil salinity stress.

[0004] Some technologies have been tried and explored for the improvement of saline-alkali land. For example, CN106105460A discloses a root salt control method using a diatomaceous earth percolation layer, and improves the soil in saline-alkali land through the porous permeability of diatomaceous earth. CN114751796A discloses an alkaline soil ecological restoration agent, which contains ingredients such as straw, modified biochar, medical stone, wood ash, compost, peat, modified diatomaceous earth, composite bacterial agent and biological egg cocoon, aiming to improve the compaction of alkaline soil and increase ecological activity. CN118638556A discloses a biochar-based multi-effect soil conditioner, which contains ingredients such as modified biochar, microbial agent, modified red mud, diatomaceous earth, livestock manure, activator, etc., aiming to improve the air permeability and water permeability of the soil, reduce the compaction of the soil, and reduce the pollution of heavy metals to the soil and crops. CN105859460A discloses a multifunctional compound fertilizer specially used for saline-alkali land, which can increase the aggregate structure in the soil and reduce the pH value of the soil; CN117486647A introduces a method for preparing a biochar-based slow-release compound fertilizer, which utilizes agricultural waste resources to balance soil nutrients and improve soil structure; CN118359469A has developed a humic acid liquid water-soluble fertilizer specially used for saline-alkali land, which can reduce soil salinity and prevent and control tomato damping-off and potato blight.

[0005] Although these technologies have achieved certain results in saline-alkali land improvement and crop pest and disease control, there is still a lack of a multifunctional carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer that can not only treat saline-alkali land, but also treat corn bacterial wilt and aphids using biocontrol Trichoderma strains (Trichoderma acanthosporum and Trichoderma harzianum). Therefore, the development of a multifunctional fertilizer that can not only improve saline-alkali soil but also effectively control corn pests and diseases is of great significance for the comprehensive construction of soil bioremediation and green pest and disease control technologies in saline-alkali areas, improving corn yield and quality, and green control of green insect pests. Summary of the invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a carbon-based trichoderma blended fertilizer and its preparation method and its application in preventing and controlling corn pests and diseases in saline-alkali land. The carbon-based trichoderma blended fertilizer of the present invention can effectively prevent and control the infection of corn bacterial wilt Fusarium and the damage of corn aphids, and can also reduce soil salinization stress.

[0007] To this end, the present invention prepares a novel carbon-based blended fertilizer by using biocontrol microorganisms Trichoderma asperellum, Trichoderma harzianum, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer and rice straw biochar material, and can be used in coordination with sand and sheep manure to achieve systematic prevention and control of corn soil-borne diseases and aphids and saline-alkali land management. Trichoderma asperellum GDFS1009 (Trichoderma asperelum) and Trichoderma harzianum T30 (Trichodermaharzianum) used in the present invention are preserved in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with the preservation numbers CGMCC No.9512 and CGMCC No.22479, respectively.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0009] The present invention provides a carbon-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer, which comprises, by weight, 10-15 parts of biochar particles, 5-10 parts of Trichoderma composite granules, and 55-65 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers; wherein the Trichoderma composite granules comprise Trichoderma spore mother powder, diatomaceous earth and potassium humate;

[0010] The spore content of the Trichoderma composite granules is 1×10 8 -2×10 8 CFU / g;

[0011] The Trichoderma spore mother powder is prepared by mixing Trichoderma spores with a carrier;

[0012] The Trichoderma is at least one selected from Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma harzianum;

[0013] The Trichoderma aspergillus is Trichoderma aspergillus GDFS1009, which is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with the address of the depository unit at No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, with the deposit number of CGMCC No.9512 and the deposit date of August 13, 2014;

[0014] The Trichoderma harzianum is Trichoderma harzianum T30, which is preserved in the General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration. The address of the preservation unit is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The preservation number is CGMCC No. 22479, and the preservation date is June 15, 2021.

[0015] For example, the carrier is selected from sodium alginate, chitosan, cyclodextrin, starch, and cellulose. The cyclodextrin is selected from β-cyclodextrin, α-cyclodextrin, and γ-cyclodextrin.

[0016] As an example, the spore content of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 in the Trichoderma composite granules is 0.5×10 8 CFU / g, the spore content of Trichoderma harzianum T30 was 0.5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0017] Generally, the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥ 40%, wherein the nitrogen content is between 15% and 30%, the phosphorus content, calculated as P2O5, is between 10% and 25%, and the potassium content, calculated as K2O, is between 5% and 15%. For example, nitrogen is 18%, phosphorus is 25%, and potassium is 7%.

[0018] The Trichoderma composite granules are prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50-57 parts of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 18-20 parts of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 22-25 parts of diatomaceous earth and 3-5 parts of potassium humate.

[0019] The preparation of the Trichoderma composite granules comprises:

[0020] At least one of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 and / or Trichoderma harzianum T30 is selected and fermented to obtain a spore content of not less than 2×10 8 CFU / mL of Trichoderma metabolite;

[0021] The carrier is added to the Trichoderma metabolite solution and mixed to obtain a spore content of not less than 0.5×10 8 CFU / g of Trichoderma spore mother powder;

[0022] According to weight, 50-57 parts of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 18-20 parts of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 22-25 parts of diatomaceous earth and 3-5 parts of potassium humate are mixed, stirred evenly, extruded into granules, and dried to obtain Trichoderma composite granules.

[0023] Furthermore, by weight, 10-15 parts of biochar particles, 5-10 parts of Trichoderma composite granules and 55-65 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizers are uniformly mixed to prepare a charcoal-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer.

[0024] Furthermore, the preparation of the Trichoderma composite granules comprises:

[0025] 1) Inoculate Trichoderma aculeatus GDFS1009 and Trichoderma harzianum T30 in PDA culture medium plates, invert and culture in a 28-30℃ incubator for 4-5 days to obtain plate cakes. Inoculate 3-5 plates of the two Trichoderma plate cakes (diameter 0.7 cm) into PD culture medium (potato dextrose culture medium), shake culture at 28-30℃, 180-220r / min for 3-5 days to obtain seed fermentation liquid, detect the spore content of the seed fermentation liquid, and adjust the spore content to 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml to obtain a spore suspension.

[0026] 2) The concentration is 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 spore suspension and 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml harzianum T30 spore suspension 1:1-1:1.5, inoculated with 1-2wt% inoculum into a secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium (the formula is corn flour 10kg, water 210kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 766g, magnesium sulfate 100g, manganese sulfate 0.5g, zinc sulfate 0.4g, sodium nitrate 284g, ammonium sulfate 220g, sodium chloride 200g; the inorganic salt in the formula is first dissolved in water, and then other culture materials are added and fully mixed to prepare a secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium, which is sterilized for standby use), and fermented under the conditions of ventilation 0.8-1vvm, rotation speed 180-220r / min, and temperature 28-30°C. When the dissolved oxygen content is reduced to the minimum, 20wt% glucose solution is added to the fermentation liquid and the pH of the fermentation liquid is adjusted to 3.2-3.5 with ammonia water. Ferment until the thick-walled spore formation rate of Trichoderma reaches 90% or more, and then put into a tank to obtain a spore content of not less than 2×10 8 CFU / mL of Trichoderma metabolite solution.

[0027] 4) Mixing the Trichoderma metabolite with a carrier to prepare Trichoderma spore mother powder. The spore content is not less than 0.5×10 8CFU / g of Trichoderma spore mother powder;

[0028] 5) By weight, 50-57 parts of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 18-20 parts of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 22-25 parts of diatomaceous earth, and 3-5 parts of potassium humate are mixed, stirred evenly with a mixer, extruded and granulated with a granulator, and dried in a dryer at 43-50° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain Trichoderma composite granules.

[0029] The present invention also provides the use of the carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer in reducing soil salinization stress and preventing and controlling corn diseases and insect pests in saline-alkali land, including:

[0030] 1) Before land preparation, cover the surface of the cultivated land with 5-10cm of sand, and use 30m3 of sand per mu. 3 ;

[0031] 2) Apply 1.2 tons of decomposed sheep manure per mu and use a rotary tiller to mix it with the 0-20 cm soil and harrow it evenly;

[0032] 3) Apply charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer to the soil at 30 kg per mu and harrow evenly.

[0033] Furthermore, after the above soil treatment, corn seeds were sown, and Trichoderma active agent was drip-irrigated in the seedling stage and Trichoderma-Metarhizium active agent was sprayed in the middle and late growth stages for 2-3 times respectively.

[0034] The corn pests and diseases include corn wilt and aphids.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0036] 1) In the blended fertilizer of the present invention, Trichoderma can produce phosphatase, organic acid, hormone and other substances to improve the utilization efficiency of phosphorus and potassium; on the other hand, Trichoderma promotes the efficient absorption of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium by plants by improving the growth of plant roots. Biochar can increase soil porosity, significantly improve the random selection of soil bacterial communities, reduce the dominant effect of salt on soil bacterial communities, and make soil ecosystems more suitable for the colonization of various bacterial groups. Bacterial groups related to the carbon and nitrogen cycle participate in the process of crop nutrient absorption, improving the crop's own salt resistance and growth ability.

[0037] 2) The particles of Mingsha are relatively large, the structure is loose and the salt content is low. After being mixed with the soil on saline-alkali land, it can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure, increase soil porosity, enhance soil permeability, and stimulate the growth and reproduction of Trichoderma. After the charcoal-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer of the present invention is synergistically applied with Mingsha and sheep manure on saline-alkali land, the total salt content (soluble total salt) of the soil in moderate to severe saline-alkali land is reduced by more than 30%.

[0038] 3) Carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer has a significant inhibitory effect on Fusarium in saline-alkali soil, reducing the abundance of Fusarium by 85% or more, and increasing the abundance of Trichoderma. Combined with the application of shrub mold active agent at the seedling stage, 1000g per mu (diluted 500-600 times), spraying Trichoderma-Metal Anisopliae metabolic liquid at the middle and late growth stages, 100-150g per mu (diluted 200-300 times), the control effect of corn bacterial wilt reached 70%-94%, and the control effect of aphids reached 60%-87%.

[0039] 4) The coordinated use of different technologies can comprehensively increase corn yield by 50-60%. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative labor.

[0041] Figure 1 Effects of T1-T5 treatments on soil fungal diversity and Fusarium spp.

[0042] Figure 2 The control effect of charcoal-based Trichoderma-blended fertilizer on corn bacterial wilt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments. The following embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but the following embodiments should not be regarded as limiting the present invention. It should be noted that, for those of ordinary skill in the art, some adjustments and improvements can also be made without departing from the concept of the present invention. These all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Unless otherwise specified, the cell materials, reagents and experimental instruments used in the following examples are all conventional methods.

[0045] PD culture medium: 200g of the filtered upper layer of potato juice after steaming, 20g of glucose, dilute to 1L with purified water, dispense 250mL into 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks, and sterilize at 121℃ for 25min.

[0046] PDA culture medium: 200g of the filtered upper layer of potato juice after steaming, 20g of glucose, 20g of agar powder, and pure water to 1L, each 250mL is dispensed into 500mL Erlenmeyer flasks, and autoclaved at 121℃ for 25min.

[0047] Secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium: The fermentation formula is 10kg corn flour, 210kg water, 766g potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 100g magnesium sulfate, 0.5g manganese sulfate, 0.4g zinc sulfate, 284g sodium nitrate, 220g ammonium sulfate, and 200g sodium chloride; first dissolve the inorganic salt in the formula into water, then add other culture materials and mix thoroughly to make a secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium, and sterilize it for use.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, % in the specification refers to wt%.

[0049] Example 1 Preparation of carbon-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer

[0050] 1) Activation of plate strains: Trichoderma aculeatus GDFS1009 and Trichoderma harzianum T30 were inoculated into PDA culture medium plates respectively, and cultured upside down in a 28°C incubator for 4-5 days.

[0051] 2) Seed liquid preparation: 3-5 PDA plate cakes (diameter 0.7 cm) of the two Trichoderma were inoculated into PD medium respectively, and cultured at 28°C and 180 r / min for 3 days to obtain spore suspension; then the concentrations of the spore suspensions of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 and Trichoderma harzianum T30 were adjusted to 1×10 8 cfu / mL and mixed at a volume ratio of 1:1 to prepare the seed solution.

[0052] 3) Inoculation and co-fermentation: After the secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium is sterilized, the seed liquid is inoculated at an inoculation rate of 1%-2%, and the fermentation is carried out under the conditions of aeration of 1vvm, rotation speed of 180r / min, and temperature of 28°C. When the dissolved oxygen content is reduced to the minimum, 20wt% glucose solution is added to the fermentation liquid and the pH value of the fermentation liquid is adjusted to 3.2-3.5 with ammonia water. The fermentation is carried out for 5-6 hours until the thick-walled spore formation rate of Trichoderma reaches 90%, and the mixture is put into a tank to obtain the Trichoderma metabolic liquid.

[0053] 4) The Trichoderma metabolite (spore content 2×10 8 CFU / mL) and β-cyclodextrin were mixed in a weight ratio of 2:3 to prepare Trichoderma spore mother powder (0.8×10 8 CFU / g).

[0054] 5) Mix 550 g of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 180 g of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 240 g of diatomaceous earth, and 30 g of potassium humate to make a total of 1000 g. Stir evenly with a mixer, extrusion granulate with a granulator, and dry at 43-50° C. for 1-2 hours in a dryer to prepare Trichoderma composite granules.

[0055] 6) By weight, 5-10 parts of Trichoderma composite granules are mixed with 10-15 parts of biochar particles and 55-65 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer to prepare a carbon-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer. The above-mentioned nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer includes diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, wherein nitrogen is 18%, phosphorus (calculated as P2O5) is 25%, and potassium (calculated as K2O) is 7%.

[0056] The above biochar particles are rice straw biochar particles, which are prepared by oxygen-limited pyrolysis of rice straw at 300° C. The biochar particles are conducive to the growth of Trichoderma.

[0057] The following tests were conducted on the Trichoderma composite granules and the carbon-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer prepared in Example 1.

[0058] The seed liquid was prepared according to steps 1) and 2) of Example 1, and then inoculated into the secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium at an inoculation rate of 1%-2%. After co-fermentation at 28° C. for 5-7 days in the same fermenter, the metabolites after spores were filtered out were the Trichoderma active substances.

[0059] The Trichoderma metabolite solution was prepared according to steps 1) to 3) of Example 1, and then the Trichoderma metabolite solution containing spores (2×10 8 CFU / mL) was added with 500 g of water and 30 g of β-cyclodextrin and then dried at 40°C for 12 hours to obtain a highly water-soluble Trichoderma powder.

[0060] Trichoderma anisopliae GDFS1009 (CGMCC No. 9512) and Metarhizium anisopliae (CGMCC No. 3.11962) are fermented separately, spores are filtered out, and then the spore-free metabolic liquid is mixed in a volume ratio of 1:1, and then β-cyclodextrin is added to prepare a highly water-soluble powder containing 80% of two microbial active elements, that is, Trichoderma-Metarhizium anisopliae active element. The Metarhizium anisopliae is Metarhizium anisopliae CGMCC 3.11962 (purchased from China General Microorganism Collection Center); it is preserved in the General Microorganism Center of China Microorganism Culture Collection Administration, the preservation unit address is No. 3, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, the preservation unit address is No. 3, No. 1 Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, the preservation number is CGMCC No. 3.11962, and the preservation date is September 24, 2008.

[0061] The fermentation broth of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 was mixed with the fermentation broth of Bacillus subtilis, 3% dextrin was added to adjust the bacterial amount, 1% diatomaceous earth was added, and the mixture was dried at 45°C for 2-3h to obtain Trichoderma-Bacillus powder, the moisture content of which reached 10% and the content of Trichoderma spores was 2×10 8 CFU / g, Bacillus spore content is 5×10 8CFU / g. The Bacillus subtilis is Bacillus subtilis 22, which is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, the deposit address of which is No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, the deposit number is CGMCC No. 18677, and the deposit date is October 14, 2019.

[0062] The following tests were conducted on Trichoderma active ingredients, Trichoderma powder, Trichoderma-Metarhizium active ingredients, and Trichoderma-Bacillus powder.

[0063] Example 2 Synergistic application of Mingsha, sheep manure and carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer to reduce soil salinization and improve soil nutrition

[0064] 1. Test location: Linhe District, Bayannur City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The soil pH of the test field is weakly alkaline, and the nitrogen content and available phosphorus are at medium levels. According to the "Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Pollution Risk Control Standard (Trial)" (GB15618-2018), the cadmium content of the paddy field soil exceeds the risk screening value, and there may be risks such as agricultural products not meeting quality and safety standards.

[0065] 2. Test methods

[0066] The experimental field was divided into 6 treatments, namely T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5, and each treatment occupied 6 mu of cultivated land.

[0067] T1 treatment (soil treated with sand + sheep manure + Trichoderma composite granules + seed dressing with Trichoderma active agent + dripping of shrub active agent in the seedling stage + spraying of Trichoderma-Metarhizium active agent on leaves in the middle growth period):

[0068] Step 1: Before land preparation, cover the surface of the cultivated land with 5-10cm of sand, and use 30m3 of sand per mu. 3 .

[0069] Step 2: Use a rotary tiller to mix the decomposed sheep manure with the 0-20 cm soil and harrow it evenly. Apply 4 m3 of decomposed sheep manure per mu. 3 (1.2 tons).

[0070] Step 3: Mix the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer (30kg / mu) and the Trichoderma composite granules (5kg / mu) evenly.

[0071] Step 4: Mix corn seeds (Xianyu 1483) with Trichoderma active agent (agent: seed = 1: 60w / w), and sow the seeds. The sowing depth of corn should be controlled at 3-5 cm, and 3 kg should be sown per mu.

[0072] Step 5: During the corn seedling stage (4-5 leaves), drip a mixture of shrub mildew powder (250g / mu) + Trichoderma active ingredient dilution (1000g / mu), and drip irrigate 2-3 times, with an interval of 7 days each time.

[0073] The Trichoderma active ingredient diluent is a dispersion obtained by diluting the Trichoderma active ingredient with water 500-600 times.

[0074] Step 6: During the corn belling and silking stages, use drones to spray the active ingredients of Trichoderma and Metarhizium anisopliae once each, 100g per mu, and add 20kg of water (diluted 200 times) before use.

[0075] T2 treatment (Mingsha + sheep manure + Trichoderma-Bacillus powder (as seed fertilizer) + shrub mold active agent dripping in the seedling stage + spraying Trichoderma-Metarhizium active agent on the leaves in the middle growth period):

[0076] Step 1: Same as T1.

[0077] Step 2: Same as T1.

[0078] Step 3: Mix the Trichoderma-Bacillus powder with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; wherein the Trichoderma-Bacillus powder is 200g / mu and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer is 30-50kg / mu.

[0079] Step 4: Spot-sow corn seeds (naked seeds, Xianyu 1483). The sowing depth of corn should be controlled at 3-5 cm, and 3 kg should be sown per mu.

[0080] Step 5: Same as T1.

[0081] Step 6: Same as T1.

[0082] T3 treatment (bright sand + sheep manure + carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer + shrub mold active agent dripping in the seedling stage + spraying Trichoderma-Metarhizium active agent on the leaves in the middle growth period):

[0083] Step 1: Same as T1.

[0084] Step 2: Same as T1.

[0085] Step 3: Spread the charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer (30kg / mu) on the surface of the cultivated land and harrow it evenly.

[0086] Step 4: Same as T2.

[0087] Step 5: Same as T2.

[0088] Step 6: Same as T2.

[0089] T4 treatment (sand + sheep manure + nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer):

[0090] Step 1: Same as T1.

[0091] Step 2: Same as T1.

[0092] Step 3: Spread 30kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer on the surface of the cultivated land and harrow it evenly.

[0093] Step 4: Same as T2.

[0094] T5 treatment (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer): spread 30kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium compound fertilizer on the surface of the cultivated land and harrow it evenly; then sow corn seeds (naked seeds, Xianyu 1483) at a depth of 3-5 cm and sow 3kg per mu.

[0095] T6 treatment (sand + sheep manure + carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer):

[0096] Step 1: Same as T3.

[0097] Step 2: Same as T3.

[0098] Step 3: Same as T3.

[0099] Step 4: Same as T3.

[0100] In the above treatments, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer includes diammonium phosphate and potassium chloride, wherein nitrogen is 18%, phosphorus (calculated as P2O5) is 25%, and potassium (calculated as K2O) is 7%. 3. The main results are as follows:

[0101] After soil treatment and before seed application, soil salinity and alkali ions and other physical and chemical properties of the soils treated with T1-T5 were measured. The results are shown in Tables 1-2.

[0102] Compared with the T5 treatment, the soil salt content (total soluble salt) of the T4 treatment significantly decreased to 9.05 g / kg, the soil chloride ion of the T3 treatment decreased to 0.51 g / kg, the sulfate ion decreased by 1.47 g / kg, and the exchangeable sodium ion decreased by 2.51 cmol / kg.

[0103] Table 1

[0104]

[0105] In the T3 treatment with carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer, the organic carbon content was 5.94 g / kg, the organic matter content was 10.24 g / kg, and the contents of available phosphorus, available potassium, and alkaline nitrogen were higher than those in other treatment groups (Table 2).

[0106] Table 2

[0107]

[0108]

[0109] Example 3 The effect of synergistic application of Mingsha, sheep manure and charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer on the prevention and control of corn bacterial wilt

[0110] 1. Preparation of carbon-based Trichoderma-blended fertilizers Refer to Example 1.

[0111] 2. The main processing and methods refer to Example 2.

[0112] 3. The main results are as follows:

[0113] After soil treatment, before adding seeds, the relative abundance of Fusarium in the soil was T5 (12.08%) > T4 (3.55%) > T1 (0.65%) > T3 (0.46%) > T2 (0.17%). This result shows that the addition of Trichoderma to T1, T2, and T3 treatments can reduce the relative abundance of Fusarium ( Figure 1 ), reducing the occurrence of corn wilt and root rot.

[0114] The results of field demonstration showed (Table 3, Figure 2 ): Combined with the soil treatment of Mingsha and sheep manure, as well as the technology of dripping shrub mold active agent in the seedling stage + spraying Trichoderma-Metarhizium active agent on leaves in the middle growth period, the T3 treatment of charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer had a prevention effect of 92.01% on bacterial wilt, while the T6 treatment of only Mingsha + sheep manure + charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer had a prevention effect of 77.64% on bacterial wilt, and the T4 treatment of only Mingsha + sheep manure had a prevention effect of 58.47% on corn bacterial wilt, indicating that the synergistic disease prevention and synergistic effect of different technical combinations is obvious.

[0115] Table 3

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Bacterial wilt control effect % = (CK 青枯病病株率 -deal with 青枯病病株率 ) / CK 青枯病病株率 ×100%.

[0119] Example 4: Effect of synergistic application of ammonia, sheep manure and carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer on the control of corn aphids

[0120] 1. Preparation of carbon-based Trichoderma-blended fertilizers Refer to Example 1.

[0121] 2. The main processing and methods refer to Example 2.

[0122] 3. The main results are as follows:

[0123] The T3 treatment of soil application of carbon-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer had a control effect of 82.3% on corn aphids (Table 4)

[0124] Table 4

[0125]

[0126] Aphid control effect % = (CK 有蚜株率 -deal with 有蚜株率 ) / CK 有蚜株率 ×100%.

Claims

1. A carbon-based Trichoderma blended fertilizer, characterized in that: The blended fertilizer comprises, by weight: 10-15 parts of biochar particles, 5-10 parts of Trichoderma composite granules, and 55-65 parts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; wherein the Trichoderma composite granules comprise Trichoderma spore mother powder, diatomaceous earth and potassium humate; The spore content of the Trichoderma composite granules is 1×10 8 -2×10 8 CFU / g; The Trichoderma spore mother powder is prepared by mixing Trichoderma spores with a carrier; The Trichoderma is at least one selected from Trichoderma asperellum and Trichoderma harzianum; The Trichoderma aspergillus is Trichoderma aspergillus GDFS1009, which is deposited in the General Microbiological Center of China Microbiological Culture Collection Administration, with the address of the depository unit at No. 3, Yard No. 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, with the deposit number of CGMCC No.9512 and the deposit date of August 13, 2014; The Trichoderma harzianum is Trichoderma harzianum T30, which is preserved in the General Microbiology Center of China Culture Collection Administration. The address of the preservation unit is No. 3, Yard 1, Beichen West Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing. The preservation number is CGMCC No. 22479, and the preservation date is June 15, 2021.

2. The blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The carrier is selected from sodium alginate, chitosan, cyclodextrin, starch and cellulose.

3. The blended fertilizer according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cyclodextrin is selected from β-cyclodextrin, α-cyclodextrin and γ-cyclodextrin.

4. The blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The content of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 spores in the Trichoderma composite granules is 0.5×10 8 CFU / g, the spore content of Trichoderma harzianum T30 was 0.5×10 8 CFU / g.

5. The blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is ≥40%; the nitrogen content is between 15% and 30%; the phosphorus content, calculated as P2O5, is between 10% and 25%; and the potassium content, calculated as K2O, is between 5% and 15%.

6. The blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the Trichoderma composite granules comprises: At least one of Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 and / or Trichoderma harzianum T30 is selected and fermented to obtain a spore content of not less than 2×10 8 CFU / mL of Trichoderma metabolite; The carrier is added to the Trichoderma metabolite solution and mixed to obtain a spore content of not less than 0.5×10 8 CFU / g of Trichoderma spore mother powder; According to weight, 50-57 parts of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 18-20 parts of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 22-25 parts of diatomaceous earth and 3-5 parts of potassium humate are mixed, stirred evenly, extruded into granules, and dried to obtain Trichoderma composite granules.

7. The blended fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation of the Trichoderma composite granules comprises: 1) Inoculate Trichoderma aculeatus GDFS1009 and Trichoderma harzianum T30 in PDA culture medium plates, invert and culture in a 28-30℃ incubator for 4-5 days to obtain plate cakes. Inoculate 3-5 plates of the two Trichoderma plate cakes (diameter 0.7 cm) into PD culture medium (potato dextrose culture medium), shake culture at 28-30℃, 180-220r / min for 3-5 days to obtain seed fermentation liquid, detect the spore content of the seed fermentation liquid, and adjust the spore content to 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml to obtain a spore suspension. 2) The concentration is 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml Trichoderma spinulosa GDFS1009 spore suspension and 1×10 7 -1×10 8 cfu / ml harzianum T30 spore suspension 1:1-1:1.5, inoculated with 1-2wt% inoculum into a secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium (the formula is corn flour 10kg, water 210kg, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 766g, magnesium sulfate 100g, manganese sulfate 0.5g, zinc sulfate 0.4g, sodium nitrate 284g, ammonium sulfate 220g, sodium chloride 200g; the inorganic salts in the formula are first dissolved in water, and then other culture materials are added and fully mixed to form a secondary fermentation bacteria culture medium, which is sterilized and used for standby), fermented at a ventilation rate of 0.8-1vvm, a rotation speed of 180-220r / min, and a temperature of 28-30°C. When the dissolved oxygen content is reduced to the minimum, 20wt% glucose solution is added to the fermentation liquid and the pH of the fermentation liquid is adjusted to 3.2-3.5 with ammonia water. Ferment until the thick-walled spore formation rate of Trichoderma reaches 90% or more, and the spore content is not less than 2×10 8 CFU / mL of Trichoderma metabolite solution. 4) Mixing the Trichoderma metabolite with a carrier to prepare Trichoderma spore mother powder. The spore content is not less than 0.5×10 8 CFU / g of Trichoderma spore mother powder; 5) By weight, 50-57 parts of Trichoderma spore mother powder, 18-20 parts of Trichoderma metabolic liquid, 22-25 parts of diatomaceous earth, and 3-5 parts of potassium humate are mixed, stirred evenly with a mixer, extruded and granulated with a granulator, and dried in a dryer at 43-50° C. for 1-2 hours to obtain Trichoderma composite granules.

8. Use of the carbon-based Trichoderma-blended fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in alleviating soil salinization stress and preventing and controlling corn pests and diseases in saline-alkali land, characterized in that: include: 1) Before land preparation, cover the surface of the cultivated land with 5-10cm of sand, and use 30m3 of sand per mu. 3 ; 2) Apply 1.2 tons of decomposed sheep manure per mu and use a rotary tiller to mix it with the 0-20 cm soil and harrow it evenly; 3) Apply charcoal-based Trichoderma mixed fertilizer to the soil at 30 kg per mu and harrow evenly.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that: include: After step 3) soil treatment, corn seeds are sown, and Trichoderma active ingredients are drip-irrigated in the seedling stage and Trichoderma-Metarhizium active ingredients are sprayed 2-3 times in the middle and late growth stages.

10. The use according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that: The corn pests and diseases are corn bacterial wilt and aphid infestation.

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