Special fertilizer for honeysuckle as well as preparation method and application of special fertilizer

Abstract

The invention discloses a special fertilizer for honeysuckle as well as a preparation method and application of the special fertilizer. The fertilizer is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 80-85% of a core granular material and 15-20% of a film coating layer material, wherein the core particle material is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 30-35% of organic matters, 10-12% of an alkali reducing agent, 15-18% of a slow-release nitrogen source, 3-5% of a metal chelate, 6-8% of a water-retaining agent, 2-3% of a microbial agent and the balance of a binder, and the film coating layer material is composed of an inner-layer material and an outer-layer material. The inner-layer material is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 60-70% of polyvinyl alcohol, 20-30% of a nano inorganic reinforcing agent and 5-10% of a plasticizer, and the outer-layer material is a biodegradable high polymer material; according to the invention, the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil is effectively improved, the pH value and EC value of soil are reduced, the survival rate of microbial bacteria in the fertilizer is increased, and the release time of fertilizer nutrients is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of agricultural fertilizers, and in particular to a special fertilizer for honeysuckle and a preparation method and application thereof. Background Art

[0003] At present, there are various methods for improving saline-alkali land. The engineering improvement method can improve the physical structure and salt leaching conditions of the soil to a certain extent by leveling the land, deep ploughing and loosening the soil, and establishing a drainage and irrigation system. However, the project is huge, requiring a lot of manpower, material and financial resources, and is costly. In addition, it is heavily dependent on freshwater resources during implementation, which is extremely difficult to implement in areas with scarce water resources. The biological improvement method uses salt-alkali tolerant plants and microorganisms to improve the soil. Although it is relatively environmentally friendly, it takes a long time. It often takes several years or even decades from planting salt-alkali tolerant plants to significantly improving the soil environment. In addition, due to geographical restrictions, the soil microbial communities and climatic conditions in different regions vary greatly, and the adaptability is poor. The chemical improvement method uses chemical improvers, such as gypsum and ferrous sulfate, which are effective quickly and can reduce the pH and salt content of the soil in a short period of time, but it is easy to cause secondary pollution. Long-term use may destroy the ecological balance of the soil, and it has high requirements for funds and technology, requiring professional technicians to operate and monitor.

[0004] There are many difficulties in planting honeysuckle in saline-alkali land, including (1) , High plasma concentration (>0.3%) leads to imbalanced root osmosis and leaf yellowing rate >50%; (2) soil structure is compacted (bulk density >1.5g / cm³, and the survival rate of honeysuckle transplantation is <60%. The fertilizers used for honeysuckle are also not satisfactory. The specific defects include (1) ordinary compound fertilizers (such as NPK15-15-15): concentrated salt release leads to an increase of 15-20% in soil EC value (experimental data), and the honeysuckle flower yield is only 80-120kg / mu; (2) single-layer coated fertilizers (such as polyethylene coated urea): the coating material is easily decomposed under alkaline conditions (the degradation rate increases by 3 times when pH>8), and the slow-release period is less than 60 days; (3) microbial fertilizers: the survival rate of live bacteria in saline-alkali land is <30% (ELISA test), which cannot effectively promote root development.

[0005] In order to solve the problem in the prior art of lack of pH-responsive coating and salt barrier technology targeting the physiological characteristics of honeysuckle in saline-alkali land, resulting in low fertilizer utilization, the present invention proposes a special fertilizer for honeysuckle, a preparation method and application thereof. Summary of the invention

[0006] In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention proposes a special fertilizer for honeysuckle and a preparation method and application thereof, which is suitable for medium to severe saline-alkali land with a pH of 8.5-10 and an EC greater than 4dS / m.

[0007] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A special fertilizer for honeysuckle, the fertilizer is composed of 80-85% by mass of core particle material and 15-20% by mass of film coating layer material; Wherein, the core particle material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Organic matter 30-35%, alkali reducing agent 10-12%, slow-release nitrogen source 15-18%, metal chelate 3-5%, water retaining agent 6-8%, microbial agent 2-3% and the rest binder; The coating layer material is composed of an inner layer material and an outer layer material. The inner layer material is composed of 60-70% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 20-30% by mass of nano inorganic enhancer, and 5-10% by mass of plasticizer. The outer layer material is a biodegradable polymer material.

[0008] Preferably, the core particle material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Organic matter 32%, alkali reducing agent 11%, slow-release nitrogen source 16%, metal chelate 4%, water retaining agent 7%, microbial agent 2.5% and the remaining amount of binder 27.5%; The inner layer material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Polyvinyl alcohol 55%, nano inorganic reinforcing agent 28%, plasticizer 17%.

[0009] Preferably, the organic matter is decomposed cow dung, earthworm manure, mushroom residue, chicken manure or pig manure; the alkali reducing agent is sulfur powder or pyrite slag, with a sulfur content greater than 80% and a particle size less than 100 μm.

[0010] Preferably, the slow-release nitrogen source is urea formaldehyde or isobutylene diurea; the metal chelate is ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl ferric acetate or ammonium ferric citrate, wherein the Fe content is 6-12%.

[0011] Preferably, the water-retaining agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium alginate or starch graft copolymer or potassium polyacrylate or starch-g-acrylic acid copolymer, and the water absorption rate is ≥300.

[0012] Preferably, the microbial agent is Bacillus jelly-like, Bacillus megaterium, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, salt-tolerant Bacillus subtilis, or rhizobium, wherein the number of viable bacteria is ≥ 5×10 8 CFU / g; the binder is attapulgite clay or sepiolite, with a specific surface area of ​​≥200m2 / g.

[0013] Preferably, the particle size of the nano inorganic reinforcing agent is 50-100 nm, and the nano inorganic reinforcing agent is nano calcium carbonate or nano silicon dioxide; and the plasticizer is glycerol or polyethylene glycol or sorbitol.

[0014] Preferably, the biodegradable polymer material is polylactic acid or polycaprolactone or a starch-based biodegradable film.

[0015] Preferably, the preparation method of the honeysuckle special fertilizer specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of core particle materials (1) Add organic matter, alkali reducing agent, slow-release nitrogen source, metal chelating agent, water retaining agent and microbial agent into a stirrer and mix at 250-400 rpm for 15-30 minutes to mix evenly; (2) After mixing, introduce it into a rotary drum granulator, control the speed at 20-25 rpm, the inclination angle at 40°-50°, and spray 6-9% binder aqueous solution; (3) Finally, drying is performed in a fluidized bed at 50-60° C. to control the moisture content to 1.5-4.5%, and then sieving to obtain 2-3 mm particles, which are the core particle material; S2: Inner layer spraying (1) Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol, nano inorganic reinforcing agent and plasticizer in 60-65°C pure water to prepare a 10-15% coating solution; (2) Then, the core particles are coated in a fluidized bed by centrifugal atomization spraying, with the pressure during the spraying process controlled at 0.15-0.5 MPa and the flow rate at 1-2 L / min, and the coating weight gain is controlled at 5-15%; S3: Outer coating The biodegradable polymer material is melted at high temperature, and then sprayed with high-voltage electrostatic spraying, with the voltage controlled at 40-60 kV to form a uniform film layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm. After cooling to 25° C., the film is sieved to a particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm to obtain the fertilizer.

[0016] Preferably, the application of the special fertilizer for honeysuckle is to apply the fertilizer once a week before planting honeysuckle, with an application amount of 30-40 kg / mu.

[0017] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1) The film coating material of the present invention can effectively block the penetration of Na+ in saline-alkali land, effectively improve the alkalinity of saline-alkali land, reduce the pH of the soil from 9.1 to 7.2, and reduce the EC value by 55.4%; (2) The microbial agent loaded by the binder of the present invention can achieve a survival rate of 81% at an EC of 10 dS / m. The microorganisms can decompose soil colloids and increase the content of available phosphorus in the soil.

[0018] (3) The double-layer coating (inner layer material and outer layer material) of the present invention realizes a "fast-slow" dual-stage release, effectively prolonging the release time of nutrients DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] To make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Embodiment 1:

[0020] The honeysuckle special fertilizer prepared in this embodiment 1 is composed of core particle materials and film coating layer materials.

[0021] The raw materials for preparing the core particle material are shown in Table 1 below:

[0022] Among them, the sulfur content of sulfur powder is greater than 80% and the particle size is less than 100μm.

[0023] The Fe content of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl ferric acetate is 6-12%.

[0024] The water absorption rate of potassium polyacrylate is ≥300.

[0025] The number of viable bacteria of halotolerant Bacillus spp. is ≥5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0026] The specific surface area of ​​attapulgite clay is ≥200m 2 / g.

[0027] The raw materials of the film coating layer are shown in Table 2 below:

[0028] Among them, the particle size of nano calcium carbonate is 50-100nm.

[0029] The preparation method of the honeysuckle special fertilizer in the present embodiment 1 specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of core particle materials (1) Add organic matter, alkali reducing agent, slow-release nitrogen source, metal chelating agent, water retaining agent and microbial agent into a stirrer and mix at 300 rpm for 20 minutes until evenly mixed; (2) After mixing, introduce it into the drum granulator, control the speed at 20rpm and the inclination angle at 45 ° , spray 7.5% binder aqueous solution; (3) finally drying in a fluidized bed at 55° C. to control the moisture content at 3.0%, and then sieving to obtain 2-3 mm particles, which are the core particle material; S2: Inner layer spraying (1) Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol, nano inorganic reinforcing agent and plasticizer in 60°C pure water to prepare a 12% coating solution; (2) Then, the core particles are coated in a fluidized bed by centrifugal atomization spraying, with the pressure during the spraying process controlled at 0.3 MPa and the flow rate at 1.5 L / min, and the coating weight gain is controlled at 10%; S3: Outer coating The biodegradable polymer material is melted at high temperature, and then sprayed by high-voltage electrostatic spraying, with the voltage controlled at 50 kV during spraying, to form a uniform film layer with a thickness of 0.15 mm. After cooling to 25° C., the film is sieved to a particle size of 2.5 mm to obtain the special fertilizer of Example 1. Embodiment 2:

[0030] The honeysuckle special fertilizer prepared in this Example 2 is composed of core particle materials and film coating layer materials.

[0031] The raw materials for preparing the core particle material are shown in Table 3 below:

[0032] Among them, the sulfur content of sulfur powder is greater than 80% and the particle size is less than 100μm.

[0033] The Fe content of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl ferric acetate is 6-12%.

[0034] The water absorption rate of potassium polyacrylate is ≥300.

[0035] The number of viable bacteria of halotolerant Bacillus spp. is ≥5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0036] The specific surface area of ​​attapulgite clay is ≥200m 2 / g.

[0037] The raw materials of the film coating layer are shown in Table 4 below:

[0038] Among them, the particle size of nano calcium carbonate is 50-100nm.

[0039] The preparation method of the honeysuckle special fertilizer in this embodiment 2 specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of core particle materials (1) Add organic matter, alkali reducing agent, slow-release nitrogen source, metal chelating agent, water retaining agent and microbial agent into a stirrer and mix at 300 rpm for 20 minutes until evenly mixed; (2) After mixing, introduce it into the drum granulator, control the speed at 20rpm and the inclination angle at 45 ° , spray 7.5% binder aqueous solution; (3) finally drying in a fluidized bed at 55° C. to control the moisture content at 3.0%, and then sieving to obtain 2-3 mm particles, which are the core particle material; S2: Inner layer spraying (1) Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol, nano inorganic reinforcing agent and plasticizer in 60°C pure water to prepare a 12% coating solution; (2) Then, the core particles are coated in a fluidized bed by centrifugal atomization spraying, with the pressure during the spraying process controlled at 0.3 MPa and the flow rate at 1.5 L / min, and the coating weight gain is controlled at 10%; S3: Outer coating The biodegradable polymer material is melted at high temperature, and then sprayed by high-voltage electrostatic spraying, with the voltage controlled at 50 kV during spraying, to form a uniform film layer with a thickness of 0.15 mm. After cooling to 25° C., the film is sieved to a particle size of 2.5 mm to obtain the special fertilizer of Example 2. Embodiment 3:

[0040] The honeysuckle special fertilizer prepared in this Example 3 is composed of core particle materials and film coating layer materials.

[0041] The raw materials for preparing the core particle material are shown in Table 5 below:

[0042] Among them, the sulfur content of sulfur powder is greater than 80% and the particle size is less than 100μm.

[0043] The Fe content of ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl ferric acetate is 6-12%.

[0044] The water absorption rate of potassium polyacrylate is ≥300.

[0045] The number of viable bacteria of halotolerant Bacillus spp. is ≥5×10 8 CFU / g.

[0046] The specific surface area of ​​attapulgite clay is ≥200m 2 / g.

[0047] The raw materials of the film coating layer are shown in Table 6 below:

[0048] Among them, the particle size of nano calcium carbonate is 50-100nm.

[0049] The preparation method of the honeysuckle special fertilizer in this embodiment 3 specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of core particle materials (1) Add organic matter, alkali reducing agent, slow-release nitrogen source, metal chelating agent, water retaining agent and microbial agent into a stirrer and mix at 300 rpm for 20 minutes until evenly mixed; (2) After mixing, introduce it into the drum granulator, control the speed at 20rpm and the inclination angle at 45 ° , spray 7.5% binder aqueous solution; (3) finally drying in a fluidized bed at 55° C. to control the moisture content at 3.0%, and then sieving to obtain 2-3 mm particles, which are the core particle material; S2: Inner layer spraying (1) Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol, nano inorganic reinforcing agent and plasticizer in 60°C pure water to prepare a 12% coating solution; (2) Then, the core particles are coated in a fluidized bed by centrifugal atomization spraying, with the pressure during the spraying process controlled at 0.3 MPa and the flow rate at 1.5 L / min, and the coating weight gain is controlled at 10%; S3: Outer coating The biodegradable polymer material is melted at high temperature, and then sprayed by high-voltage electrostatic spraying, with the voltage controlled at 50 kV during spraying, to form a uniform film layer with a thickness of 0.15 mm. After cooling to 25° C., the film is sieved to a particle size of 2.5 mm to obtain the special fertilizer of Example 3. Experimental data

[0050] 1. Field experiment Select saline-alkali land and test soil indicators according to NY / T496-2010 (pH 9.1, EC 5.6dS / m, organic matter 0.5%) The honeysuckle test field was randomly selected and divided into 5 groups, namely, Example groups 1-3 and control groups 1-2. The fertilizer application rate of each group was the same, 150 kg / mu, wherein the control groups 1-2 were selected with commercially available coated fertilizer (NPK17-17-17) and ordinary polyethylene coated fertilizer, respectively.

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] 2. Sustained release performance According to GB / T23348-2009, the slow-release properties of the fertilizers of Example 1-3 and Control 1-2 were tested. The slow-release properties of the fertilizers were tested on the 15th, 45th and 90th days after fertilization. The data statistics after the test are shown in Table 10.

[0055] 3. Microbial activity According to NY / T3082-2017, the honeysuckle planting soil indicators of the embodiment group and the control group were tested, including microbial survival rate and soil phosphorus solubility. The statistical data are shown in Table 11.

[0056]

[0057] 4. Environmental responsiveness of film coating materials The environmental responsiveness of the coatings of Example Group 1 and Control Group 2 was tested, and the degradation rate of the outer layer and the swelling degree of the inner layer of the coatings under different conditions were measured.

[0058]

[0059] Based on the above Tables 7-12, we can conclude that: (1) The soil pH in Example Groups 1-3 all dropped below 7.5; the EC of Control Groups 1-2 decreased by 7.14 and 20%, respectively, while the EC value of Example Group 1 decreased from 5.6 to 2.5, a decrease of 55.36%; (2) The survival rate of microorganisms in Example Groups 1-3 was as high as 81%. The microorganisms can decompose soil colloids and increase the content of available phosphorus in the soil. The amount of soil phosphorus solubilized in Example Group 1 can reach the range of 38.7±2.1 (mg / kg).

[0060] (3) The flavonoid content of Examples 1-3 reached the first-class standard (≥5.0%). The chlorogenic acid content in Example Group 1 was increased by 53.6% compared with that in Control Group 1, and the flower yield was also greatly improved.

[0061] (4) It can be concluded from Example Group 1 and Control Group 2 that the film coating layer material prepared in this example effectively prolongs the release time of fertilizer nutrients and improves the long-term effectiveness of the honeysuckle fertilizer.

[0062] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments may still be modified, or some of the technical features may be replaced by equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special fertilizer for honeysuckle, characterized in that: The fertilizer is composed of 80-85% by mass of core particle material and 15-20% by mass of film coating layer material; Wherein, the core particle material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Organic matter 30-35%, alkali reducing agent 10-12%, slow-release nitrogen source 15-18%, metal chelate 3-5%, water retaining agent 6-8%, microbial agent 2-3% and the rest binder; The coating layer material is composed of an inner layer material and an outer layer material. The inner layer material is composed of 60-70% by mass of polyvinyl alcohol, 20-30% by mass of nano inorganic enhancer, and 5-10% by mass of plasticizer. The outer layer material is a biodegradable polymer material.

2. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The core particle material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Organic matter 32%, alkali reducing agent 11%, slow-release nitrogen source 16%, metal chelate 4%, water retaining agent 7%, microbial agent 2.5% and the remaining amount of binder 27.5%; The inner layer material is made of the following raw materials in percentage by mass: Polyvinyl alcohol 65%, nano inorganic reinforcing agent 28%, plasticizer 7%.

3. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic matter is decomposed cow dung, earthworm manure, mushroom residue, chicken manure or pig manure; the alkali reducing agent is sulfur powder or pyrite slag, with a sulfur content greater than 80% and a particle size less than 100 μm.

4. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slow-release nitrogen source is urea formaldehyde or isobutylene diurea; the metal chelate is ethylenediamine di-o-hydroxyphenyl ferric acetate or ammonium ferric citrate, wherein the Fe content is 6-12%.

5. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water retaining agent is sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or sodium alginate or starch graft copolymer or potassium polyacrylate or starch-g-acrylic acid copolymer, and the water absorption rate is ≥300.

6. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microbial agent is jelly-like Bacillus or Bacillus megaterium or nitrogen-fixing bacteria or salt-tolerant Bacillus subtilis or rhizobium, wherein the number of viable bacteria is ≥5×10 8 CFU / g; the binder is attapulgite clay or sepiolite, with a specific surface area of ​​≥200m² / g.

7. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The particle size of the nano inorganic reinforcing agent is 50-100 nm, and the nano inorganic reinforcing agent is nano calcium carbonate or nano silicon dioxide; the plasticizer is glycerol or polyethylene glycol or sorbitol.

8. The honeysuckle special fertilizer according to claim 1, characterized in that: The biodegradable polymer material is polylactic acid or polycaprolactone or a starch-based biodegradable film.

9. The method for preparing the honeysuckle special fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The preparation method specifically comprises the following steps: S1: Preparation of core particle materials Add organic matter, alkali reducing agent, slow-release nitrogen source, metal chelate, water retaining agent and microbial agent into a stirrer and mix at 250-400 rpm for 15-30 minutes to mix evenly; After mixing, introduce it into the drum granulator, control the speed at 20-25rpm, and the inclination angle at 40 ° -50 ° , spray 6-9% binder aqueous solution; Finally, the material is dried in a fluidized bed at 50-60°C to control the moisture content at 1.5-4.5%, and then sieved to obtain 2-3 mm particles, which are the core particle material; S2: Inner layer spraying Dissolve polyvinyl alcohol, nano inorganic reinforcing agent and plasticizer in 60-65°C pure water to prepare a 10-15% coating solution; Then, the core particles are coated in a fluidized bed by centrifugal atomization spraying, with the pressure controlled at 0.15-0.5MPa and the flow rate at 1-2L / min, and the coating weight gain is controlled at 5-15%. S3: Outer coating The biodegradable polymer material is melted at high temperature, and then sprayed with high-voltage electrostatic spraying, with the voltage controlled at 40-60 kV to form a uniform film layer with a thickness of 0.1-0.2 mm. After cooling to 25° C., the film is sieved to a particle size of 2.0-3.0 mm to obtain the fertilizer.

10. The use of the honeysuckle special fertilizer according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: One week before planting honeysuckle, apply the fertilizer once at a rate of 30-40 kg / mu.

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