Environment-friendly antibacterial fabric and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an environment-friendly antibacterial fabric and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution; the preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing nano-zinc oxide in deionized water to prepare a nano-zinc oxide dispersion liquid; mixing a chitosan solution with the nano-zinc oxide dispersion liquid, and performing ultrasonic treatment to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent; mixing the composite bio-based antibacterial agent with a waterborne polyurethane emulsion, and stirring to obtain an antibacterial coating solution; the antibacterial coating liquid is applied to the surface of a cotton fabric through a two-dipping and two-rolling process, then the cotton fabric is treated in a hot air dryer, and finally a uniform antibacterial coating is formed on the surface of the fabric. The fabric has excellent antibacterial performance, good environmental protection property and sustainability, and is suitable for multiple fields of medical treatment, clothing, home furnishing and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of textile materials, and specifically relates to an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the context of global advocacy of green environmental protection and sustainable development, environmentally friendly antibacterial technology has become an important development direction of the industry. On the one hand, reduce or replace the use of harmful chemicals in traditional antibacterial agents, develop antibacterial agents for degradable materials, so that the materials can be decomposed by microorganisms in the natural environment, and reduce pollution to the environment. On the other hand, traditional antibacterial fabrics usually rely on chemical antibacterial agents, such as silver ions, quaternary ammonium salts, etc. Although these chemicals have good antibacterial effects, they may release harmful substances during production and use, causing harm to human health. In addition, chemical antibacterial agents have poor durability and stability, and are easily lost during the washing process, resulting in a decrease in antibacterial effect.

[0003] Therefore, developing an environmentally friendly, efficient and durable antibacterial fabric can not only meet the diversified needs of the market, but also promote the green transformation and sustainable development of the textile industry. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric and a preparation method thereof. The antibacterial fabric not only has excellent antibacterial properties, but also has good environmental protection and sustainability, and can meet the needs of the modern textile industry for green environmental protection.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0007] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0008] S1. preparing a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide in deionized water to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion, and ultrasonically treating the mixture to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent;

[0009] S2, preparing an antibacterial coating liquid: mixing the composite bio-based antibacterial agent obtained in step S1 with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, stirring, and obtaining an antibacterial coating liquid;

[0010] S3, fabric treatment: applying the antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step S2 to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and then treating it in a hot air dryer to finally form a uniform antibacterial coating on the fabric surface.

[0011] Preferably, in step S1, the mass concentration of chitosan in the chitosan solution is 2-5%.

[0012] Preferably, in step S1, the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1-3%.

[0013] Preferably, in step S1, the mass concentration of nano zinc oxide in the nano zinc oxide dispersion is 1-3%.

[0014] Preferably, in step S1, the particle size of nano zinc oxide is 20-50 nm.

[0015] Preferably, in step S1, the volume ratio of the chitosan solution to the nano zinc oxide dispersion is 15:1-40:1.

[0016] Preferably, in step S1, the power of ultrasonic treatment is 200-300W and the time is 30-60min.

[0017] Preferably, in step S2, the volume ratio of the composite bio-based antibacterial agent to the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 1:2-1:4.

[0018] Preferably, in step S1, the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 30-40%.

[0019] Preferably, in step S2, the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 min.

[0020] Preferably, in step S3, the rolling rate is 70-80%.

[0021] Preferably, in step S3, the drying temperature is 100-120° C., and the drying time is 3-5 min.

[0022] Preferably, in step S3, the thickness of the antibacterial coating is 1-3 μm.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0024] An environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric prepared by the method has an antibacterial coating with a thickness of 1-3 μm on the surface of the fabric, the antibacterial coating is composed of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent and an aqueous polyurethane emulsion, wherein the composite bio-based antibacterial agent is a mixture of chitosan and nano zinc oxide.

[0025] Beneficial effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0026] 1. The present invention utilizes chitosan and nano zinc oxide to prepare a composite bio-based antibacterial agent. Chitosan has good biocompatibility and degradability, and nano zinc oxide has excellent antibacterial properties. The combination of the two can significantly improve the antibacterial effect of fabrics.

[0027] 2. Since water-based polyurethane emulsion is used as the coating matrix, it not only has good environmental protection, but also can effectively improve the adhesion and durability of the antibacterial coating, making the antibacterial effect more lasting.

[0028] 3. Compared with the existing antibacterial finishing, this method basically does not involve harmful chemicals and is environmentally friendly. Moreover, the preparation process of the composite bio-based antibacterial agent is simple, low-cost, and suitable for large-scale production.

[0029] 4. This environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric has good air permeability and comfort, and is suitable for many fields such as medical care, clothing, and home furnishing, and has broad application prospects. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The present invention is further described below.

[0031] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0032] S1. Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolve chitosan in acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution with a mass concentration of 2-5%; disperse nano zinc oxide in deionized water to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion with a mass concentration of 1-3%; mix the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 15:1-40:1, and ultrasonically treat at a power of 200-300 W for 30-60 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent; wherein the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1-3%, and the particle size of the nano zinc oxide is 20-50 nm.

[0033] S2. Preparation of antibacterial coating liquid: Mix the composite bio-based antibacterial agent prepared in step S1 with an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 30-40% in a volume ratio of 1:2-1:4, and stir at a speed of 800-1200 rpm for 30-60 min; wherein the solid content refers to the mass percentage of the solid;

[0034] S3, fabric treatment: the antibacterial coating liquid prepared in step S2 is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, the rolling rate is controlled to be 70-80%, and then treated in a 100-120° C. hot air dryer for 3-5 minutes, and finally a uniform antibacterial coating with a thickness of 1-3 μm is formed on the fabric surface.

[0035] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0036] The present invention can be better understood according to the following examples. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the specific material ratios, process conditions and results described in the examples are only used to illustrate the present invention, and should not and will not limit the present invention described in detail in the claims.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0039] (1) Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan with a mass concentration of 5% in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 1% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 30:1, and subjecting the mixture to an ultrasonic treatment at a power of 300 W for 30 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0040] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The composite bio-based antibacterial agent prepared in step (1) and an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 30% are mixed in a ratio of 1:2, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0041] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step (2) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 80%, and then dried at 120° C. to obtain an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0044] (1) Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan with a mass concentration of 3% in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 1% to obtain a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 2% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 20:1, and subjecting the mixture to an ultrasonic treatment at a power of 250 W for 40 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0045] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The composite bio-based antibacterial agent prepared in step (1) and an aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 35% are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0046] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step (2) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 75%, and then dried at 110° C. to obtain an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0047] Example 3

[0048] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0049] (1) Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan with a mass concentration of 4% in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 3% to obtain a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 2.5% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 15:1, and subjecting the mixture to an ultrasonic treatment at a power of 280 W for 50 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0050] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The composite bio-based antibacterial agent prepared in step (1) and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 38% are mixed in a ratio of 1:3.5, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0051] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step (2) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 78%, and then dried at 115° C. to obtain an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0052] Example 4

[0053] A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0054] (1) Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan with a mass concentration of 2% in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 2% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 40:1, and subjecting the mixture to an ultrasonic treatment at a power of 200 W for 60 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0055] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The composite bio-based antibacterial agent prepared in step (1) and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 40% are mixed in a ratio of 1:4, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0056] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step (2) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 70%, and then dried at 100° C. to obtain an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric.

[0057] Comparative Example 1

[0058] In this embodiment, no nano zinc oxide is added when preparing the bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0059] A method for preparing an antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0060] (1) Preparation of a bio-based antibacterial agent: chitosan with a mass concentration of 3% was dissolved in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a chitosan solution without adding nano zinc oxide.

[0061] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The chitosan solution prepared in step (1) and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 35% are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0062] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step 2 is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 75%, and then dried at 110° C. to obtain an antibacterial fabric.

[0063] Comparative Example 2

[0064] In this example, chitosan was not added when preparing the bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0065] A method for preparing an antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0066] (1) Preparation of antibacterial agent: Disperse nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 1.5% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion without adding chitosan.

[0067] (2) Preparation of antibacterial coating: The nano zinc oxide dispersion prepared in step (1) and the aqueous polyurethane emulsion with a solid content of 35% are mixed in a ratio of 1:3, and an antibacterial coating liquid is obtained by high-speed stirring.

[0068] (3) Fabric treatment: The antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step (2) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-immersion and two-rolling process, with a rolling rate of 75%, and then dried at 110° C. to obtain an antibacterial fabric.

[0069] Comparative Example 3

[0070] In this embodiment, no aqueous polyurethane emulsion is added after the composite bio-based antibacterial agent is prepared, and the composite bio-based antibacterial agent is directly applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-dipping and two-padding process.

[0071] A method for preparing an antibacterial fabric comprises the following steps:

[0072] (1) Preparation of a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan with a mass concentration of 3% in an acetic acid solution with a mass concentration of 2% to obtain a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide with a mass concentration of 2% in deionized water to obtain a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion in a volume ratio of 30:1, and subjecting the mixture to an ultrasonic treatment at a power of 250 W for 40 min to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent.

[0073] (2) Fabric treatment: The composite bio-based antibacterial agent obtained in step (1) is applied to the surface of the cotton fabric through a double dipping and double rolling process, with a rolling rate of 75%, and then dried at 110° C. to obtain an antibacterial fabric.

[0074] Antibacterial performance test

[0075] The antibacterial properties of the fabrics of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were determined by the standard ASTM E2149-13 method, with Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli as the test bacteria. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0076] Table 1

[0077]

[0078] The standard ASTM E2149-13 stipulates that the antibacterial effect of textiles should reach at least 90% of the antibacterial rate. As shown in Table 1, the antibacterial fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 have excellent antibacterial properties, and the antibacterial rates against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli are both higher than 99.5%, while the antibacterial effects of the fabrics prepared in Comparative Examples 1-3 are poor. The reason is that Comparative Example 1 does not add nano zinc oxide, and the antibacterial effect of chitosan is relatively limited; Comparative Example 2 does not add chitosan, and the antibacterial effect of nano zinc oxide is also affected; Comparative Example 3 does not use water-based polyurethane emulsion as the coating matrix, resulting in poor adhesion and durability of the antibacterial coating on the surface of cotton fabrics, affecting the overall antibacterial effect.

[0079] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. preparing a composite bio-based antibacterial agent: dissolving chitosan in an acetic acid solution to prepare a chitosan solution; dispersing nano zinc oxide in deionized water to prepare a nano zinc oxide dispersion; mixing the chitosan solution and the nano zinc oxide dispersion, and ultrasonically treating the mixture to obtain a composite bio-based antibacterial agent; S2, preparing an antibacterial coating liquid: mixing the composite bio-based antibacterial agent obtained in step S1 with the aqueous polyurethane emulsion, stirring, and obtaining an antibacterial coating liquid; S3, fabric treatment: applying the antibacterial coating liquid obtained in step S2 to the surface of the cotton fabric through a two-dipping and two-rolling process, and then treating it in a hot air dryer to finally form a uniform antibacterial coating on the fabric surface.

2. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1, the mass concentration of chitosan in the chitosan solution is 2-5%; the mass concentration of the acetic acid solution is 1-3%; the mass concentration of nano zinc oxide in the nano zinc oxide dispersion is 1-3%; and the particle size of nano zinc oxide is 20-50 nm.

3. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: In the step S1, the volume ratio of the chitosan solution to the nano zinc oxide dispersion is 15:1-40:

1.

4. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S1, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 200-300 W, and the time is 30-60 min.

5. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the step S2, the volume ratio of the composite bio-based antibacterial agent to the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 1:2-1:4; and the solid content of the aqueous polyurethane emulsion is 30-40%.

6. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the stirring speed is 800-1200 rpm, and the stirring time is 30-60 min.

7. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the rolling rate is 70-80%.

8. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the drying temperature is 100-120° C., and the drying time is 3-5 minutes.

9. The method for preparing an environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the thickness of the antibacterial coating is 1-3 μm.

10. An environmentally friendly antibacterial fabric prepared by the method of claim 1.

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