Bottom-supported breakwater based on air bag floating transportation

Abstract

The invention discloses a bottom-supported breakwater based on air bag floating transportation. The bottom-supported breakwater comprises one or more wave prevention modules which can be arranged longitudinally. Each wave-proof module comprises a wave-absorbing structure, a bottom-sitting structure, an air bag, a lifting structure and a supporting rod; the wave absorbing structure is composed of a plurality of layers of wave absorbing plates; the sitting bottom structure is composed of a bottom plate and side plates; the air bag provides buoyancy and is located between the bottom plate and the wave absorbing structure. The lifting mechanism is composed of a plurality of vertical supporting column sleeves and supporting columns. The supporting rods are used for controlling the side plates to be unfolded and folded. The method has the characteristics of high construction speed, strong wave absorbing capability, good stability and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coastal protection devices, in particular to a bottom-seated breakwater based on airbag floating. Background Art

[0002] Breakwater is a common coastal protection engineering structure, which is mainly used to reduce waves from the sea and protect the structures and ships in the sheltered area.

[0003] Traditional breakwater structures usually adopt a fixed bottom form, which requires sufficient strength and stability. As the water depth in the breakwater construction area increases, the structural section design requires a large enough foundation to ensure the stability of the breakwater structure. As a result, traditional fixed breakwaters consume a lot of materials, have high project costs, long construction periods, and are difficult to build.

[0004] In recent years, floating breakwater technology has developed rapidly. Floating breakwaters are usually composed of floating wave-breaking structures and mooring systems. The floating wave-breaking structures are composed of multiple modules connected longitudinally. The modules can be composed of boxes or floating rows. The modules are prefabricated in the factory and can be quickly assembled and installed on site after being transported to the installation sea area. The mooring system is used to connect the floating wave-breaking structure and the seabed, which plays a connecting and fixing role. Floating breakwaters have the advantages of fast installation speed, relatively simple construction, and easy demolition. However, because floating breakwaters will produce more obvious up and down floating or back and forth swinging under the action of waves, the overall wave-breaking performance is unstable, especially when the wave period reaches more than 10s, the floating breakwater wave-breaking efficiency is low.

[0005] Therefore, the problems existing in the prior art are: the traditional fixed breakwater consumes a lot of materials, has a high engineering cost and a long construction period; the floating breakwater has unstable wave-breaking performance and low wave-breaking efficiency. Summary of the invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a bottom-seated breakwater based on airbag floating, which has the characteristics of fast construction speed, strong wave-breaking ability and good stability.

[0007] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of the present invention is:

[0008] A bottom-seated breakwater based on airbag buoyancy comprises one or more longitudinally arranged wave-breaking modules; the characteristic is that each wave-breaking module comprises a wave-breaking structure, a bottom-seating structure, an airbag, a lifting structure and a support rod, the wave-breaking structure is installed on the upper end of the lifting structure, the lifting structure is fixed at the bottom of the bottom-seating structure, the support rod is installed in the bottom-seating structure, the airbag is located between the bottom-seating structure and the wave-breaking structure, and when the breakwater module is floated, the airbag provides buoyancy for the breakwater module.

[0009] Preferably, the wave-breaking structure comprises a plurality of wave-breaking plates, on which a plurality of air holes are arranged for breaking waves and dissipating wave energy. The plurality of wave-breaking plates are spaced a certain distance apart and fixedly connected by a lifting structure.

[0010] Preferably, the base structure consists of a bottom plate and two side plates, the side plates are connected to the bottom plate by a plurality of hinges, and the side plates can be deployed and retracted by controlling the extension and retraction of the support rods.

[0011] Preferably, a hole is provided in the middle of the airbag, and the lifting structure passes through the hole, with one end connected to the wave-absorbing structure and the other end connected to the bottom-sitting structure.

[0012] Preferably, the airbag has two states: inflated and deflated. When the breakwater module is floating, the airbag is inflated to provide buoyancy for the breakwater module. When the breakwater module is bottomed, the airbag is deflated and sinks to the bottom of the bottoming structure.

[0013] Preferably, the lifting structure is composed of a plurality of pillars and pillar sleeves, and the pillars can be extended and retracted in the pillar sleeves to adjust the distance between the wave-absorbing structure and the base plate.

[0014] Preferably, the support rod is composed of an outer tube and an inner tube. The support rod is arranged at both ends of the base structure. One end of the outer tube is hinged to a support on the base plate, and one end of the inner tube is hinged to a support on the side plate. The inner tube can be extended and retracted in the outer tube, and the side plate can be deployed and retracted by the extension and retraction of the inner tube.

[0015] Preferably, there are two support rods at each end, which are hinged to the support to form a V shape.

[0016] Preferably, the extension and retraction of the support or support rod is controlled by a hydraulic or electric system.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following significant advantages:

[0018] 1. Fast construction speed: A single breakwater module has the function of floating and sinking at sea. After the breakwater sinks to the bottom, it can quickly form wave-breaking capabilities.

[0019] 2. Strong wave-breaking ability: The wave-breaking structure of the present invention adopts a multi-layer wave-breaking board structure, on which a number of air holes are arranged. This structure is based on the wave-breaking principle of destroying the movement of water particles, can dissipate a large amount of wave energy, and effectively reduce the height of waves coming from the open sea, with good wave-breaking effect;

[0020] 3. Good stability: After the breakwater module is seated, the side panels are unfolded to increase the contact area between the seated structure and the bottom of the water, which can ensure the overall stability of the breakwater in a wave and current environment; the multi-layer wave-breaking plate structure can allow waves to pass through without generating a large horizontal thrust, thereby ensuring that the breakwater can still maintain overall stability in higher sea conditions.

[0021] The present invention is further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a breakwater formed by longitudinally arranging multiple bottom-floating breakwater modules based on airbag floating.

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the floating status of the breakwater module.

[0024] Figure 3 This is the process of the breakwater module seating on the bottom and the lifting mechanism descending.

[0025] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 Side view of.

[0026] Figure 5 It is the process in which the airbags shrink and sink and the side panels unfold after the breakwater module sits on the bottom.

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a single wave-breaking module.

[0028] Figure 7 yes Figure 6 main view.

[0029] Figure 8 yes Figure 6 Side view of.

[0030] Fig. 9 yes Figure 6 Top view of the .

[0031] In the figure, 1 is a wave-breaking structure, 2 is a bottom structure, 5 is a supporting rod, 6 is a hinge, 11 is a wave-breaking plate, 12 is a hollow hole, 21 is a bottom plate, 22 is a side plate, 31 is an airbag in an inflated state, 32 is an airbag in a deflated state, 41 is a support sleeve, 42 is a support, 51 is an outer tube, and 52 is an inner tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] like Figure 1-Figure 9 As shown, the present invention is based on the bottom-seated breakwater of airbag floating, which is composed of one or more breakwater modules arranged longitudinally. Each breakwater module includes a wave-breaking structure 1, a bottom-seated structure 2, an airbag, a lifting structure and a support rod 5.

[0033] The wave-breaking structure 1 includes a plurality of wave-breaking plates 11 , on which a plurality of air holes 12 are arranged for breaking waves and dissipating wave energy. The plurality of wave-breaking plates are spaced a certain distance apart and are fixedly connected by a plurality of pillars 42 .

[0034] The base structure 2 is composed of a base plate 21 and two side plates 22. The side plates are connected to the base plate via a plurality of hinges 6. The side plates can be expanded and retracted by controlling the extension and contraction of the support rods 5.

[0035] The airbag is located between the bottom plate 21 and the wave-absorbing structure 1, and a hole is provided in the middle, through which the lifting structure can pass.

[0036] The airbag has two states: inflated 31 and deflated 32. When the breakwater module is floating, the airbag is inflated to provide buoyancy for the breakwater module. When the breakwater module is bottomed, the airbag is deflated and sinks to the bottom plate 21. Figure 2 When the breakwater module is floating, the inflated airbag can provide buoyancy for the breakwater module. The bottom plate is located at the bottom of the airbag, and the two side plates are located on the two sides of the airbag, which have the function of protecting the airbag and enhancing the overall structural strength of the breakwater module. The breakwater module can sail on the water by self-propelled or towed by auxiliary ships. When self-propelled, a power system needs to be configured separately.

[0037] The lifting structure is composed of a support 42 and a support sleeve 41. The support 42 can be extended and retracted in the support sleeve 41 to adjust the distance between the wave-breaking structure 1 and the bottom plate 21. The extension and retraction of the support 42 is controlled by a hydraulic or electric system.

[0038] The support rod 5 is composed of an outer tube 51 and an inner tube 52. The support rod 5 is arranged at both ends of the base structure, and there are two support rods 5 at each end. One end of the outer tube 51 is hinged to the support on the bottom plate 21, and one end of the inner tube 52 is hinged to the support on the side plate 22, forming a V shape. The inner tube 52 can be extended and retracted in the outer tube 51. The expansion and retraction of the side plate can be realized by the extension and retraction of the inner tube 52. The extension and retraction of the support rod 5 is controlled by a hydraulic or electric system.

[0039] like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, after the breakwater module is floated to the deployment sea area, the connection between the bottom structure (including the bottom plate and the side plate) and the airbag is released, the lifting structure is extended, and the bottom structure sinks with the help of gravity.

[0040] like Figure 5 As shown, the airbag contracts, the breakwater module sits on the bottom, and the airbag sinks to the top of the bottom plate with the help of gravity; the side panels are converted to the deployed state through the extension of the support rod, and the support rod is locked after deployment to ensure that the side panels are fixedly connected to the bottom plate, thereby increasing the contact area between the bottom-seating structure and the seabed and improving the overall stability of the breakwater; the support rod is composed of an outer tube and an inner tube, and the support rod is arranged at both ends of the bottom-seating structure, one end of the outer tube is hinged to the support on the bottom plate, and one end of the inner tube is hinged to the support on the side panel, the inner tube can be extended and retracted in the outer tube, and the side panels can be deployed and retracted by extending and retracting the inner tube, and the extension and retraction of the support rod is controlled by a hydraulic or electric system.

[0041] like Figure 6 , 7As shown in , 8 and 9, the wave-breaking module can form wave-breaking capability after being placed on the bottom. By adjusting the height of the pillars, the position of the upper wave-breaking structure and the water surface is changed to achieve the best wave-breaking effect; Figure 8 The wave-breaking process of the wave-breaking structure is demonstrated. The wave-breaking structure adopts a multi-layered air-permeable structure, which is based on the wave-breaking principle of destroying the movement path of water particles and dissipating wave energy. After the incident wave passes through the wave-breaking structure, the height of the transmitted wave is significantly reduced. At the same time, the multi-layered air-permeable structure can allow the waves to pass through without generating too much horizontal thrust, thereby ensuring that the breakwater can maintain its overall stability in higher sea conditions.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, a plurality of bottom-sitting breakwater modules based on airbag floating are arranged longitudinally and sink to the bottom to break waves, thereby forming a breakwater.

[0043] Since the breakwater module has the functions of floating on the sea and quickly settling on the bottom, on the one hand it is convenient for sea transportation, and on the other hand when the breakwater module is settling on the bottom it can ensure its overall stability in the wave and current environment.

[0044] After use, the module is folded in the reverse order, that is, the airbag is inflated, the side panels are folded, and the pillars are adjusted. The breakwater module can then float and can be reused many times after inspection and maintenance.

[0045] Finally, it should be noted that those skilled in the art will readily conceive of other embodiments of the present invention after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. The present invention is intended to cover any variations, uses or adaptations of the present invention, which follow the general principles of the present invention and include common knowledge or customary technical means in the art not disclosed by the present invention, are not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the drawings, and may be modified and changed in various ways without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag buoyancy, comprising one or more longitudinally arranged breakwater modules; characterized in that: Each wave-breaking module includes a wave-breaking structure, a bottom-sitting structure, an airbag, a lifting structure and a support rod. The wave-breaking structure is installed on the upper end of the lifting structure, the lifting structure is fixed to the bottom of the bottom-sitting structure, the support rod is installed in the bottom-sitting structure, and the airbag is located between the bottom-sitting structure and the wave-breaking structure. When the breakwater module is floating, the airbag provides buoyancy for the breakwater module.

2. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The wave-breaking structure comprises a plurality of wave-breaking plates, on which a plurality of air holes are arranged for breaking waves and dissipating wave energy. The plurality of wave-breaking plates are spaced a certain distance apart and fixedly connected by a lifting structure.

3. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The base structure is composed of a base plate and two side plates. The side plates are connected to the base plate through a plurality of hinges, and the side plates can be expanded and retracted by controlling the extension and contraction of the support rods.

4. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: A hole is arranged in the middle of the airbag, and the lifting structure passes through the hole, one end of the airbag is connected to the wave-breaking structure, and the other end of the airbag is connected to the bottom-sitting structure.

5. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The airbag has two states: inflated and deflated. When the breakwater module is floating, the airbag is inflated to provide buoyancy for the breakwater module. When the breakwater module is bottomed, the airbag is deflated and sinks to the bottom of the bottoming structure.

6. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The lifting structure is composed of a plurality of pillars and a pillar sleeve, and the pillars can be extended and retracted in the pillar sleeve to adjust the distance between the wave-breaking structure and the bottom plate.

7. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 6 is characterized by: The support rod is composed of an outer tube and an inner tube. The support rod is arranged at both ends of the base structure. One end of the outer tube is hinged to a support on the base plate, and one end of the inner tube is hinged to a support on the side plate. The inner tube can be extended and retracted in the outer tube, and the side plate can be expanded and retracted by the extension and contraction of the inner tube.

8. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 7 is characterized by: There are two support rods at each end, which form a V shape after being hinged to the support.

9. The bottom-supported breakwater based on airbag floating according to claim 7 is characterized by: The extension and retraction of the support and the supporting rod are controlled by a hydraulic or electric system.

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