Fabricated open caisson and assembling method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type open caisson which comprises a plurality of ring segment units, each ring segment unit is formed by connecting a plurality of segments, the segments of each ring segment unit are connected through an annular connecting structure, and every two adjacent segments in the longitudinal direction are connected through a longitudinal connecting structure. The longitudinal connecting structure comprises a first locking block inserted into one segment, a second locking block inserted into the other segment, a connecting assembly and a locking assembly. The pipe pieces are annularly connected together through the tenon-and-mortise structure, rapid positioning of the pipe pieces can be achieved, and the problems that in the existing pipe piece assembling process, positioning is difficult, and precision is low are solved; the locking assembly is installed in the first installation groove of each duct piece in advance, the first locking block and the second locking block are locked through the connecting assembly in the actual assembling process, secondary locking is conducted through the locking assemblies, rapid installation of the longitudinal adjacent duct pieces can be achieved, reliable connection between the longitudinal duct pieces is ensured, the assembling efficiency is improved, safety is high, and practicability is high. And the construction period is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of caisson construction in tunnel engineering, in particular to an assembled caisson and also to an assembly method of the assembled caisson. Background Art

[0002] In tunnel engineering, prefabricated caissons usually have multiple rings of segments, which need to be connected longitudinally. Each ring of segments is made up of multiple segments connected circumferentially. During assembly, the circumferential connections between segments are bolted, and the longitudinal connections between longitudinal segments are also bolted. After assembly, the segments are positioned by hoisting. However, for caissons with large diameters, the weight of their segments is often heavier, and it is difficult to position the segments during assembly. The bolt holes often do not correspond, and the assembly accuracy is low, which affects the efficiency of ground assembly, further affecting the overall construction progress and increasing construction costs. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the first object of the present invention is to provide an assembled caisson, and the second object of the present invention is to provide an assembly method of the assembled caisson.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: The assembled caisson of the present invention comprises a multi-ring segment unit, each ring segment unit is formed by connecting a plurality of segments, each segment has a first connection end face and a second connection end face arranged opposite to each other, and also has a third connection end face and a fourth connection end face arranged opposite to each other; the plurality of segments of each ring segment unit are connected by an annular connection structure, and the annular connection structure is a mortise and tenon structure; Two longitudinally adjacent pipe segments are connected one-to-one through a longitudinal connecting structure; the first connecting end surface of each pipe segment has a first mounting groove, and the second connecting end surface of each pipe segment is provided with a second mounting groove coaxial with the first mounting groove; the longitudinal connecting structure connects two longitudinally adjacent pipe segments together, and includes a first locking block inserted on one of the pipe segments, a second locking block inserted on the other pipe segment, and a connecting assembly connecting the first locking block and the second locking block together, and the connecting assembly is located in an installation cavity surrounded by the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove; the longitudinal connecting structure also includes a locking assembly fixedly connected to the connecting assembly; wherein the locking surface of the first locking block is located in the first mounting groove of the pipe segment, and the locking assembly is located in the first mounting groove of the pipe segment; the locking surface of the second locking block is located in the second mounting groove of the other pipe segment.

[0005] The beneficial effects are as follows: the present invention utilizes the mortise and tenon structure to connect the segments together in an annular direction, which can realize rapid positioning of the segments and overcome the technical problems of difficult positioning and low precision in the existing segment assembly process; when prefabricating the segments, the present invention pre-installs a locking assembly in the first installation groove of each segment, and during actual assembly, the first locking block and the second locking block are locked once using the connecting assembly, and the locking assembly is used for secondary locking, which can realize rapid installation of upper and lower adjacent segments, and after assembly, grouting is injected into the installation cavity to ensure reliable connection between the longitudinal segments, improve assembly efficiency, and have high safety, thereby significantly shortening the construction period, and solving the technical problems of difficult assembly and low assembly efficiency caused by easy misalignment of bolt holes in the existing assembly process.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the connection assembly includes a connection block with an I-shaped structure, a first sleeve arranged in the middle of the connection block, and a first screw threadedly matched with the first sleeve. A through hole for the first screw to pass through is arranged on the pipe segment corresponding to the first sleeve; the locking surfaces of the first locking block and the second locking block both have a locking groove matched with the locking head of the connection block. During assembly, the connection block is first placed horizontally in the first installation groove of the pipe segment, and the first screw is inserted into the first sleeve through the through hole. The connection block can be rotated 90° by rotating the first screw, so that the connection block is turned from the horizontal to the longitudinal direction, and then the first locking block and the second locking block are respectively inserted into each pipe segment, so that the locking heads of the connection blocks are respectively stuck in the locking grooves to achieve one-time locking.

[0007] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the locking assembly includes a second sleeve longitudinally arranged in the first mounting groove of the pipe segment, a second screw threadedly connected to the second sleeve, and a locking shaft radially arranged on the pipe segment, the inner end of the locking shaft extends to the first mounting groove and has a first bevel gear, one end of the second sleeve has a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, one end of the connecting block has a locking hole matched with the second screw, and the locking shaft is screwed into the locking hole through the second sleeve to achieve secondary locking; The two ends of the second screw rod pass out of the second sleeve, and a spring is arranged between the second screw rod and the first mounting groove. The spring assists the second screw rod to be selected into the lock hole of the upper pipe segment to ensure a reliable connection between the pipe segments.

[0008] In a more preferred embodiment of the present invention, the outer end of the lock shaft has a hexagonal hole, into which a hexagonal wrench can be inserted during assembly to facilitate screwing, thereby further improving assembly efficiency.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the annular connection structure is a mortise and tenon structure that connects two adjacent rings of the tube segments in each ring of the tube segment unit, which includes a protrusion set on the third connection end face of one of the tube segments and a limiting groove opened on the fourth connection end face of another tube segment, the protrusion is inserted into the limiting groove, and there is a casting gap between the protrusion and the limiting groove. In actual processing, the tube segment is a standard component, the third connection end face of each tube segment has a protrusion and the fourth connection end face thereof is opened. The tube segments of each ring of the tube segment unit are connected together by the protrusion and the limiting groove, so as to realize the rapid positioning of the tube segment.

[0010] The present invention also provides an assembly method for an assembled caisson, wherein the assembly method is to connect the segments of each ring segment unit in pairs by using an annular connection structure, and to connect each two adjacent segments one by one by using a longitudinal connection structure, and specifically includes the following contents: The first step is to pre-assemble the first longitudinal segment and the second longitudinal segment on the ground. During assembly, adjust the connection assembly into place, insert the first locking block and the second locking block into the segments respectively, connect the connection assembly, the first locking block and the second locking block together, and achieve primary locking; then adjust the locking assembly to lock it with the connection assembly to achieve secondary locking, and ensure reliable connection between the segments. The first locking block and the second locking block both have radial grouting holes (the grouting holes are connected to the installation cavity), and grouting is injected into the installation cavity surrounded by the first installation groove and the second installation groove through the grouting holes, so that the longitudinally adjacent connecting segments are fixedly connected into a whole, the structural strength of the connection is improved, and the reliable connection between the segments is further ensured; The second step is to circumferentially assemble other segments on one side or both sides of the first segment until the circumferential assembly of the entire ring of segments is completed, and grouting is performed in the gap between the two adjacent segments to complete the assembly of the first ring of segment units; The third step is to hoist the segment unit assembled in the second step into the foundation pit. In the foundation pit, with the second segment as the reference, the segments are installed on each segment of the first ring segment unit according to the installation method in the first step, and the segments adjacent to each other in the annular direction are inserted together, so that the two adjacent segments in the longitudinal direction are fixedly connected into a whole. Grouting is performed in the gaps between adjacent segments of the second ring segment unit to complete the assembly of the second ring segment unit and its longitudinal assembly with the first ring segment unit; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to assemble each ring of segment units in the foundation pit one by one.

[0011] Compared with the prior art, the present invention utilizes the mortise and tenon structure to connect the segments together in an annular direction, which can realize the rapid positioning of the segments and overcome the technical problems of difficult positioning and low precision in the prior art assembly process of the segments; when prefabricating the segments, the present invention pre-installs a locking assembly in the first installation groove of each segment, and during actual assembly, the first locking block and the second locking block are locked once using the connecting assembly, and the locking assembly is used for secondary locking, which can realize the rapid installation of the upper and lower adjacent segments, and after assembly, grouting is injected into the installation cavity to ensure reliable connection between the longitudinal segments, improve assembly efficiency, and increase safety, thereby significantly shortening the construction period, and solving the technical problems of difficult assembly and low assembly efficiency caused by the easy misalignment of bolt holes in the prior art assembly process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the pipe segment of the present invention.

[0013] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the circumferential assembly of circumferentially adjacent segments of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal assembly of longitudinally adjacent segments of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 4 It is an exploded view of the longitudinally adjacent segments of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal connection structure of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 6 It is an exploded view of the longitudinal connection structure of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following is a detailed description of an embodiment of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation method and a specific operation process are given, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiment.

[0019] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, relational terms such as “first” and “second” are merely used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "connection" that may appear should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] like Figure 1-6 As shown, the present invention proposes an assembled caisson, comprising a plurality of ring segment units, each ring segment unit being formed by connecting a plurality of segments 1, each segment 1 having a first connecting end face 1a (i.e., an upper connecting end face of the segment 1), a second connecting end face 1b (i.e., a lower connecting end face of the segment 1), and a third connecting end face 1c (a side end face) and a fourth connecting end face 1d (a side end face) arranged oppositely; Multiple segments 1 of each ring segment unit are connected in pairs through an annular connection structure, which is a mortise and tenon structure, that is, a protrusion 2a is prefabricated on the third connection end face 1c of each segment 1 during prefabrication, and a limiting groove 2b is reserved on the fourth connection end face 1d of each segment 1; during assembly, there is always a protrusion 2a and a limiting groove 2b between two annularly adjacent segments, and the segment 1 can be positioned by inserting the protrusion 2a into the limiting groove 2b, without the need for hole alignment, which greatly improves assembly efficiency; Two adjacent longitudinal segments 1 are connected one by one through a longitudinal connecting structure 3, and the longitudinal connecting structure 3 connects two adjacent upper and lower segments 1 together, and includes a first locking block 3a inserted on one of the segments 1, a second locking block 3b inserted on the other segment 1, and a connecting assembly connecting the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b together; during actual prefabrication, a first mounting groove (a semicircular structure with an opening facing upward) is provided in the middle of the upper connecting end surface of each segment 1, a second mounting groove (a semicircular structure with an opening facing downward) is provided in the middle of the lower connecting end surface, a first slot 3c communicating with the first mounting groove is provided on the segment 1 at a position corresponding to the first mounting groove, the first locking block 3a is inserted into the first slot 3c, and its locking surface is located in the first mounting groove; a second slot 3d communicating with the second mounting groove is provided on the segment 1 at a position corresponding to the second mounting groove, the second locking block 3b is inserted into the second slot 3d, and its locking surface is located in the second mounting groove; The second mounting groove of the upper tube segment 1 is fitted with the first mounting groove of the lower tube segment 1, the connecting assembly is located in the mounting cavity surrounded by the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, the locking surface of the first locking block 3a is located in the first mounting groove of the lower tube segment 1, and the locking surface of the second locking block 3b is located in the second mounting groove of the upper tube segment 1; The connection assembly includes a connection block 3e with an I-shaped structure, a first sleeve 3f disposed in the middle of the connection block 3e, and a first screw 3g threadedly matched with the first sleeve 3f. A through hole 3h is disposed on the pipe segment 1 at a position corresponding to the first sleeve 3f for the first screw 3g to pass through. The locking surfaces of the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b both have a locking groove 3i that matches the locking head of the connection block 3e. When assembling, the connection block 3e is first placed horizontally in the first installation groove of the pipe segment 1, and the first screw 3g is inserted into the first sleeve 3f through the through hole 3h. The connection block 3e can be rotated 90° by rotating the first screw 3g, so that the connection block 3e is turned from the horizontal to the vertical direction, and then the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b are respectively inserted to achieve one-time locking.

[0022] The longitudinal connection structure 3 also includes a locking assembly arranged in the first installation groove (in actual prefabrication, a locking assembly is pre-installed in the first installation groove of each segment 1), the locking assembly includes a second sleeve 3j arranged longitudinally in the first installation groove of the segment 1, a second screw 3k threadedly connected to the second sleeve 3j, and a locking shaft 3m radially arranged on the segment 1, the inner end of the locking shaft 3m extends to the first installation groove and has a first bevel gear, one end of the second sleeve 3j has a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, the lock head at the bottom of the connecting block 3e is provided with a locking hole 3n matched with the second screw 3k, and a spring 3p is provided between the bottom of the second screw 3k and the first installation groove. When the locking shaft 3m rotates, it drives the second sleeve 3j to rotate through the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, the second screw 3k and the second sleeve 3j are threadedly matched, and the bottom of the second screw 3k has a spring 3p, and then the second screw 3k is pushed upward so that the upper end is screwed into the locking hole 3n of the connecting block 3e, so as to achieve secondary locking and ensure the reliable connection of the longitudinal segment 1.

[0023] The present invention utilizes the mortise and tenon structure to connect the pipe segments 1 together in an annular direction, so as to realize the rapid positioning of the pipe segments 1, and overcome the technical problems of difficult positioning and low precision in the assembly process of the existing pipe segments 1; when prefabricating the pipe segments 1, the present invention pre-installs a locking assembly in the first installation groove of each pipe segment 1, and during actual assembly, the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b are locked once by the connecting assembly, and the locking assembly is used for secondary locking, so as to realize the rapid installation of the upper and lower adjacent pipe segments 1, and grouting is performed into the installation cavity after assembly to ensure the reliable connection between the longitudinal pipe segments, improve the assembly efficiency, and have high safety, thereby significantly shortening the construction period, and solving the technical problems of easy misalignment of bolt holes in the existing assembly process, resulting in great assembly difficulty and low assembly efficiency.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lock shaft 3m is installed in the pipe segment 1, and a hexagonal hole 3q is provided on its outer end surface, into which a hexagonal wrench can be inserted during assembly for easy screwing. Figure 6 .

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 It can be seen that the lateral thickness of the protrusion 2a is slightly smaller than the lateral depth of the limiting groove 2b, so that there is a casting gap 2c between the protrusion 2a and the limiting groove 2b. After the assembly is completed, grouting can be injected into each casting gap 2c to fill the casting gap 2c, thereby ensuring a reliable connection between the circumferentially adjacent pipe segments; the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b are both provided with a grouting hole 3r connected to the installation cavity. After the assembly is completed, grouting is injected into the installation cavity through the grouting hole 3r to ensure a reliable connection between the longitudinal pipe segments.

[0026] The present invention also proposes an assembly method for an assembled caisson, which comprises first assembling a first ring segment unit on the ground, and assembling a segment 1 of a second ring segment unit on the first ring segment unit in advance; after hoisting, hoisting and assembling the segments 1 in the second ring segment unit piece by piece on the first ring segment unit, and repeating this process to complete the construction of the caisson. Specifically, the following contents are included: The first step is to pre-assemble the first pipe segment 1 and the second pipe segment 1 on the ground (vertical assembly, i.e., one below and one above). During assembly, the connecting block 3e is placed in the first installation groove of the first pipe segment 1, and the first screw 3g is passed through the through hole 3h and then screwed 90 degrees to rotate the connecting block 3e from the horizontal state to the vertical state as shown in the figure; Insert the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b into the corresponding slots respectively, so that the lock heads at both ends of the connecting block 3e are respectively clamped in the locking grooves 3i connecting the first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b, so as to achieve one-time locking; The lock shaft 3m is screwed with a wrench. When the lock shaft 3m rotates, the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear can drive the second sleeve 3j to rotate. The second screw rod 3k and the second sleeve 3j are threadedly matched and a spring 3p is provided at the bottom of the second screw rod 3k. The tension released by the spring 3p pushes the second screw rod 3k upward, so that the upper end of the second screw rod 3k is screwed into the lock hole 3n of the connecting block 3e, thereby realizing secondary locking. The first locking block 3a and the second locking block 3b both have radial grouting holes 3r (the grouting holes 3r are connected to the installation cavity), and grouting is injected into the installation cavity surrounded by the first installation groove and the second installation groove through the grouting holes 3r, so that the longitudinally adjacent connecting segments 1 are fixedly connected into a whole, further ensuring reliable connection between the segments; The second step is to assemble other segments 1 in an annular direction on one side of the first segment 1 (annular assembly). During the assembly, the segments are positioned and assembled in an annular direction by means of the protrusions 2a and the limiting grooves 2b until the annular assembly of the entire ring of segments 1 is completed. Then, grouting is injected into the casting gap 2c to complete the assembly of the first ring of segment units. The third step is to hoist the segment units assembled in the second step into the foundation pit, and the segment units sink by their own weight; The fourth step is to assemble the other segments 1 of the second ring segment unit on the segment unit after hoisting in place. When assembling, assemble them one by one, and fix them together with the segment 1 below according to the assembly steps of the first step, and ensure that the segments 1 of the ring segment unit are inserted together in pairs; wherein, the grouting of the longitudinal segments 1 and the grouting of the casting gaps 2c can be concentratedly grouted (using waterproof mortar) after the second ring segment 1 is completed, so as to improve the grouting efficiency; The fifth step is to repeat the fourth step to assemble the third ring segment unit on the second ring segment unit, and repeat this process to complete the bottom-up assembly of the prefabricated caisson with high assembly efficiency.

[0027] Of course, in actual construction, for a small-diameter caisson, the weight of each segment 1 is relatively light. After the first ring segment unit is hoisted, the segments 1 in the second ring segment unit can be assembled together and then hoisted. Take the segment unit composed of six segments 1 as an example: five of them can be assembled together first, and then hoisted on the first ring segment unit and assembled longitudinally; during pre-installation, a segment 1 of the third ring segment unit can be assembled on any one of the five segments 1 to position the third ring segment unit for hoisting. This process can be repeated to complete the construction, which greatly improves the assembly efficiency and shortens the construction period.

[0028] Finally, it should be emphasized that the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the aforementioned embodiments without creative work, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Therefore, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An assembled caisson, comprising a plurality of ring segment units, each ring segment unit being formed by connecting a plurality of segments, each segment having a first connection end face and a second connection end face arranged oppositely, and also having a third connection end face and a fourth connection end face arranged oppositely; characterized in that: The multiple segments of each ring segment unit are connected by an annular connection structure, and the annular connection structure is a mortise and tenon structure; The first connecting end surface of each pipe segment has a first mounting groove, and the second connecting end surface of each pipe segment is provided with a second mounting groove coaxial with the first mounting groove; two longitudinally adjacent pipe segments are connected one-to-one through a longitudinal connecting structure, and the longitudinal connecting structure includes a first locking block inserted on one of the pipe segments, a second locking block inserted on the other pipe segment, and a connecting assembly connecting the first locking block and the second locking block together, and the connecting assembly is located in an installation cavity surrounded by the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove; the longitudinal connecting structure also includes a locking assembly fixedly connected to the connecting assembly; wherein, the locking surface of the first locking block is located in the first mounting groove, and the locking assembly is located in the first mounting groove of the pipe segment; the locking surface of the second locking block is located in the second mounting groove of the other pipe segment.

2. The assembled caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a connecting block with an I-shaped structure, a first sleeve arranged in the middle of the connecting block and a first screw threadedly matched with the first sleeve, and a through hole for allowing the first screw to pass through is arranged on the pipe segment corresponding to the first sleeve; the locking surfaces of the first locking block and the second locking block both have locking grooves that match the locking head of the connecting block.

3. The assembled caisson according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The locking assembly includes a second sleeve longitudinally arranged in the first mounting groove of the pipe segment, a second screw threadedly connected to the second sleeve, and a locking shaft radially arranged on the pipe segment, the inner end of the locking shaft extends to the first mounting groove and has a first bevel gear, one end of the second sleeve has a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, one end of the connecting block has a locking hole matching the second screw, and the locking shaft allows the second screw to be screwed into the locking hole through the second sleeve; a spring is arranged between the second screw and the first mounting groove.

4. The assembled caisson according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer end of the lock shaft is provided with a hexagonal inner hole.

5. The assembled caisson according to claim 1, characterized in that: The annular connection structure includes a protrusion arranged on the third connection end surface of one of the pipe segments and a limiting groove opened on the fourth connection end surface of another pipe segment. The protrusion is inserted into the limiting groove, and a casting gap exists between the protrusion and the limiting groove.

6. An assembly method for an assembled caisson as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The assembly method is to connect multiple segments together to form a segment unit using an annular connection structure, and to connect the upper and lower adjacent segments one by one using a longitudinal connection structure, and specifically includes the following contents: In the first step, the first longitudinal pipe segment and the second longitudinal pipe segment are pre-assembled. During assembly, the connecting assembly is adjusted into place and the first locking block and the second locking block are respectively inserted. The first locking block and the second locking block are connected together by the connecting assembly to achieve primary locking; and the locking assembly and the connecting assembly are then locked together to achieve secondary locking. The first locking block and the second locking block both have radial grouting holes, through which grouting is injected into the installation cavity surrounded by the first installation groove and the second installation groove, so that the longitudinally adjacent connecting pipe segments are fixedly connected into a whole; The second step is to circumferentially assemble other segments on one side or both sides of the first segment until the circumferential assembly of the entire ring of segments is completed, and grouting is performed in the gap between the two adjacent segments to complete the assembly of the first ring of segment units; The third step is to hoist the segment unit assembled in the second step into the foundation pit. In the foundation pit, with the second segment as the reference, the segments are installed on each segment of the first ring segment unit according to the installation method in the first step, and the segments adjacent to each other in the annular direction are inserted together, so that the two adjacent segments in the longitudinal direction are fixedly connected into a whole. Grouting is performed in the gaps between adjacent segments of the second ring segment unit to complete the assembly of the second ring segment unit and its longitudinal assembly with the first ring segment unit; Step 4: Repeat step 3 to assemble each ring of segment units in the foundation pit one by one.

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