Civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method, equipment and system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of foundation detection, in particular to a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method, device and system, and the method comprises the steps: measuring a pile foundation hole to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal; calculating according to the ultrasonic echo signal to obtain a radial distance time history curve; calculating a hole wall radial error according to the radial distance time history curve; based on the hole wall radial error, the initial offset depth is obtained through judgment; performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to the initial migration depth to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to the initial migration depth; calculating according to the stability influence factor and the hole wall radial error to obtain a hole diameter deviation degree; and the inclination state of the pile foundation hole is judged based on the deviation degree of each hole diameter. According to the method, the hole wall radial error is obtained by analyzing the ultrasonic echo signals of different depths of the base hole, meanwhile, the influence of the rock mass on the ultrasonic echo during bottom expanding is further analyzed, the stability influence factor is determined, the hole wall radial error is subjected to weighted correction, and the accuracy of judging hole inclination is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation detection, and in particular to a method, equipment and system for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering. Background Art

[0002] In civil engineering, pile foundation holes are holes for pouring concrete piles in order to improve the load-bearing capacity and earthquake resistance of the building foundation. After the pile foundation holes are drilled, a steel cage is placed in the hole and then concrete is poured. After the concrete solidifies, it becomes a foundation pile that is in close contact with the surrounding soil layer. This pile making method saves more money and construction time than driving concrete piles or steel piles, and is a widely used method in modern construction engineering.

[0003] However, due to objective factors such as uneven soil layers or equipment shaking during the construction process, the pile foundation holes may be tilted, causing the actual drilling holes to deviate from the designed position, and the hole axis may not be vertical or deviate from the axis. If not corrected or intervened in time, the pile foundation will have multiple potential impacts on the structural performance, safety and service life of the entire project. However, there is no way to confirm the tilted position of the drilling hole in the prior art. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to solve the above technical problems, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method, device and system for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering. In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present application provides a method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering, the method comprising: measuring different depths of the pile foundation hole by an ultrasonic detection device to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, the ultrasonic echo signal being collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; calculating the radial distance time history curve of each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth; calculating the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, the initial offset depth being the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; calculating the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and the hole wall radial error; judging each of the aperture offset degrees one by one based on the preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0005] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation method, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position is calculated according to the radial distance time-history curve at each depth, including: performing a straight-line fitting on the radial distance time-history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, the slope of the fitting straight line is 0, and the intercept of the fitting straight line is recorded as the fitting radial distance; confirming the corresponding hole wall radial distance at each moment according to the radial distance time-history curve; based on a preset deviation threshold and the fitting radial distance, counting all the hole wall radial distances to obtain the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold; and calculating the hole wall radial error based on the fitting radial distance, the number of deviations and the hole wall radial distance corresponding to each moment.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, signal fluctuation analysis is performed on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, including: performing straight-line fitting on the radial distance time-history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, wherein the slope of the fitting straight line is 0; obtaining the aperture deviation corresponding to each moment according to the difference between the radial distance time-history curve and the fitting straight line at each moment; confirming the aperture offset time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal based on a preset deviation threshold and all aperture deviations, wherein each of the aperture deviations in the aperture offset time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are adjacent to the aperture offset time period in timing; extracting an aperture offset signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture offset time period and the two adjacent time periods; and calculating the stability influencing factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

[0007] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation method, the stability influence factor is calculated based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals, including: performing time history curve extraction on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively to obtain the echo intensity time history curve and the echo time time history curve corresponding to the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively; calculating the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor according to the echo time history curve and the echo intensity time history curve respectively; and performing mean calculation based on the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor to obtain the stability influence factor.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation, the method for calculating the intensity influence factor includes: respectively calculating the variance of the echo intensity time history curves corresponding to the two adjacent signals; obtaining the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter based on the depth calculation corresponding to the aperture offset signal; and calculating the intensity influence factor based on the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter and the echo intensity time history curve based on a preset influence factor calculation function.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the error threshold is 0.85.

[0010] With reference to the first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the offset threshold is 0.9.

[0011] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering, the method comprising: measuring different depths of the pile foundation hole by means of an ultrasonic detection device to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, the ultrasonic echo signal being collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; calculating a radial distance-time curve at each depth based on the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth; calculating a radial error of the hole wall at each depth position based on the radial distance-time curve at each depth; judging the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, the initial offset The depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; the signal fluctuation analysis is performed on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; the correction factor is obtained by performing similarity calculation based on the ultrasonic echo signals of two adjacent depths corresponding to the initial offset depth, and the stability influence factor is corrected and updated based on the correction factor; the aperture offset degree is obtained based on the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and the hole wall radial error calculation; each of the aperture offset degrees is judged one by one based on the preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0012] In a third aspect, the present application also provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, including: a measurement module, used to measure different depths of the pile foundation hole by ultrasonic detection equipment to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth, and the ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment on the axis of the pile foundation hole at a preset speed; a curve calculation module, used to calculate the radial distance time history curve of each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth; an error calculation module, used to calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; an error judgment module, used to judge each depth based on a preset error threshold. The invention relates to a method for determining a radial error of a hole wall at a certain depth to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, wherein the initial offset depth is a depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; a fluctuation analysis module is used to perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; an offset calculation module is used to calculate the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths and the radial error of the hole wall; and an inclination judgment module is used to judge each aperture offset degree one by one based on a preset offset threshold to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0013] In a fourth aspect, the present application also provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device, comprising: a memory for storing a computer program; and a processor for implementing the steps of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method when executing the computer program.

[0014] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: In the present invention, by analyzing the regularity of the ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time at different depths of the foundation hole, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position of the pile foundation hole is obtained, and the pile foundation hole is preliminarily judged at which depth positions the pile foundation hole is tilted; and further analyzes the problem of rock mass affecting the offset when the pile foundation hole is expanded. Therefore, the bottom expansion effect of the pile foundation hole at different depths is determined, and finally the radial error of the hole wall is weightedly corrected by the stability influencing factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, so as to judge whether there is a hole tilt problem in the pile foundation hole of the civil engineering, and provide the specific location information of the drilling tilt. It effectively improves the scientificity, accuracy and objectivity of judging whether there is a hole tilt problem in the pile foundation hole in civil engineering. At the same time, the aperture offset detection is realized by ultrasonic waves, without destroying the hole wall, and has good non-destructive and real-time performance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the prior art descriptions are briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering provided by one embodiment 1 of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic flow chart of step S3 provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic flow chart of step S5 provided in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic flow chart of a method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering provided by Embodiment 2 of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system described in Example 3 of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection equipment described in Example 4 of the present invention.

[0017] Markings in the figure: 800, civil engineering pile foundation hole detection equipment; 801, processor; 802, memory; 803, multimedia component; 804, I / O interface; 805, communication component. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] In order to further explain the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the predetermined invention purpose, the following is a detailed description of a method, device and system for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering proposed by the present invention, its specific implementation method, structure, features and effects, in combination with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "another embodiment" does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. In addition, specific features, structures or characteristics in one or more embodiments may be combined in any suitable form.

[0019] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs.

[0020] Embodiment 1: A specific scheme of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0021] See also Figure 1, which shows a schematic flow chart of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, this embodiment includes steps S1 to S7.

[0022] S1. Measure different depths of the pile foundation hole by ultrasonic detection equipment to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth. The ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0023] In this embodiment, the ultrasonic detection equipment continuously measures downward along the axis of the pile foundation hole. In the process of lowering the equipment to the bottom of the pile foundation hole section by section, an ultrasonic signal is collected at a fixed depth (for example, 0.5 meters or other predetermined distances). When collecting ultrasonic echo signals at each depth position, the ultrasonic probe is rotated at a preset speed (such as 2° / second or other set rotation speed), and the ultrasonic echo intensity is collected at intervals of 0.5 seconds and the corresponding time is recorded, so as to obtain ultrasonic echo signals of 360 sampling points collected at a rotation speed of 2° / second within a range of 360° on the wall of the pile foundation hole at each depth. Among them, the transmission pulse of the ultrasonic signal is a high-frequency pulse of 30kHz. In other words, each depth of the pile foundation hole corresponds to an ultrasonic signal, each ultrasonic signal contains 360 ultrasonic echo intensities, and each ultrasonic echo intensity corresponds to a propagation moment.

[0024] S2. Calculate the radial distance-time curve at each depth based on the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth.

[0025] That is, in this step, the intensity of each ultrasonic echo is analyzed according to the characteristics of the ultrasonic signal, and the propagation distance of the ultrasonic echo in the medium is calculated in combination with the corresponding propagation time and the speed of sound. The calculation result represents the radial distance between the ultrasonic probe and the wall of the pile foundation hole at each propagation moment. Through a series of measurements and calculations, a series of hole wall radial distance data that varies with the rotation time can be obtained in this embodiment. In this embodiment, these hole wall radial distance data that vary with the rotation time are called radial distance time history curves.

[0026] S3. Calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0027] In this embodiment, the specific situation when the ultrasonic detection equipment detects vertically downward along the axis of the pile foundation hole is taken into account. When there is no problem of aperture deviation in the hole wall of the pile foundation hole at different depths, the propagation time of the ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic echo intensity at each depth of the pile foundation hole will show a more regular pattern. Ideally, these values ​​are fixed, which means that there is no problem of shrinkage or expansion of the aperture, that is, the aperture does not shrink or expand locally. However, during the construction process, due to the unevenness of the soil layer or the jitter of the equipment, the aperture deviation phenomenon may occur. In this case, the propagation time and intensity of the ultrasonic echo signal at certain depths will decrease or increase significantly, and the changes in the ultrasonic echo signal and propagation time will no longer follow the regularity. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is necessary to conduct a detailed analysis of the radial distance time history curve at each depth to determine whether there is an aperture change at that depth. To illustrate this point more intuitively, you can refer to Figure 2 .exist Figure 2 In this embodiment, a specific depth is used as an exemplary calculation to analyze whether a radial error of the hole wall occurs at the depth.

[0028] S31. Perform straight-line fitting on the radial distance time-history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, wherein the slope of the fitting straight line is 0, and the intercept of the fitting straight line is recorded as the fitting radial distance.

[0029] It should be noted that the least square method is used to fit the radial distance time history curve in the current step. By this method, a best fitting straight line can be obtained, and the intercept part of this straight line is regarded as the fitting radial distance.

[0030] S32. Confirming and obtaining the radial distance of the hole wall corresponding to each moment according to the radial distance time history curve.

[0031] S33, based on a preset deviation threshold and the fitted radial distance, statistics are collected on all the hole wall radial distances to obtain the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold.

[0032] The deviation threshold mentioned in this step is 5%. The method for calculating the aperture deviation is as follows: First, compare the radial distance of the hole wall with the radial distance obtained by the fitting technique. Then, calculate the difference between the two and take its absolute value. Finally, divide this absolute value by the fitted radial distance to obtain the deviation value. According to this calculation process, if the deviation value corresponding to the radial distance of the hole wall exceeds 5%, the deviation is judged to be significant and the deviation count is increased accordingly.

[0033] S34, calculating the hole wall radial error based on the fitting radial distance, the deviation amount and the hole wall radial distance corresponding to each moment.

[0034] Specifically, in this step, the calculation function of the hole wall radial error is as follows: ; in, Indicates the radial error of the hole wall; represents the linear normalization function; It represents the number of calculated radial distances from the hole wall; represents the fitted radial distance; Indicates The radial distance of the hole wall; Indicates the maximum value of the radial distance of the hole wall; Indicates the minimum radial distance of the hole wall; Indicates the number of deviations.

[0035] In this embodiment, it is believed that the degree of change in the radial distance of the hole wall can be reflected by analyzing the regular changes in the ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time at different depths. Therefore, by obtaining the radial distance data, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth of the pile foundation hole can be analyzed more accurately. In the above calculation function, This expression reflects the deviation of the radial distance of the pile foundation hole wall at the same depth from the ideal non-deviated hole diameter. The larger this value is, the greater the radial error of the pile foundation hole wall at this depth, and the higher the possibility of the pile foundation hole being tilted at this depth. This parameter represents the range of variation of the overall radial distance. The larger the value, the greater the possibility of the pile foundation hole tilting problem. The increase in the value also means that the pile foundation hole has an obvious deviation along one side at this depth.

[0036] S4. The radial error of the hole wall at each depth is judged based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is a depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0037] Specifically, in this embodiment, the error threshold is 0.85. At the same time, those skilled in the art may set it to other values, which are not specifically limited in this embodiment.

[0038] S5. Perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0039] At the same time, in this embodiment, it is taken into consideration that the bearing capacity and earthquake resistance of the pile foundation hole are improved in civil engineering. It is necessary to take measures to expand the bottom of the pile foundation hole, so that the foundation column poured later has better bearing capacity. However, when expanding the bottom of the pile foundation hole, the bottom is usually the deepest position, and the overall construction environment and difficulty are relatively complex. Due to changes in rock density and rock elastic modulus, the intensity and propagation time of the ultrasonic signal in different directions at the same depth will also change, and then become irregular. If only the radial error of the hole wall at the depth position is analyzed, errors in the aperture offset analysis may occur.

[0040] Therefore, in order to overcome the above phenomenon, in this embodiment, further in-depth analysis is performed: although the ultrasonic echo intensity and propagation time will change irregularly in certain directions at the bottom of the pile foundation hole, the bottom of the pile foundation hole will usually be expanded into a circle during the bottom expansion operation. This design is to disperse the stress more evenly when subjected to external force, thereby ensuring the stability of the structure. Even though in certain directions, due to changes in rock density and rock elastic modulus, the ultrasonic echo intensity and propagation time may change irregularly, the two adjacent sides will usually remain relatively stable. Therefore, even with these changes, the stability of the ultrasonic signal can still be guaranteed. Based on these observations and analyses, this embodiment further considers the stability of the ultrasonic intensity and propagation time corresponding to the two sides of the irregular radial changes in the hole wall when the pile foundation hole is expanded, and obtains the stability influencing factor accordingly. To illustrate this point in more detail, please refer to Figure 3 In this embodiment, an exemplary example of signal fluctuation analysis using an ultrasonic echo signal at an initial offset depth will be demonstrated.

[0041] S51. Confirm the aperture offset time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal based on a preset deviation threshold and all aperture deviations, each aperture deviation in the aperture offset time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are respectively adjacent to the aperture offset time period in time sequence.

[0042] Specifically, the deviation threshold and the calculation method of the deviation mentioned in this step can be found in the relevant content of step S34, which will not be repeated here. It should be pointed out that in this step, the number of sampling points in the aperture offset time period confirmed to be greater than or equal to 15. If the ultrasonic echo signal cannot confirm that the number of continuous sampling points reaches more than 15, then the stability influencing factor can be directly confirmed as 1. At the same time, the number of sampling points in adjacent time periods can also be set to 15. For those skilled in the art, aperture offset time periods and adjacent time periods of other time period lengths can also be used. The process is not described in detail in this embodiment.

[0043] S52: extracting an aperture shift signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture shift time period and the two adjacent time periods.

[0044] S53. Calculate a stability influencing factor based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

[0045] Specifically, in order to clarify the calculation process of the stability influencing factor, step S53 may also include steps S531 to S533.

[0046] S531 , extracting time history curves of the aperture shift signal and the two adjacent signals respectively, to obtain echo intensity time history curves and echo time time history curves corresponding to the aperture shift signal and the two adjacent signals respectively.

[0047] S532. Calculate the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor according to the echo time history curve and the echo intensity history curve respectively.

[0048] In order to facilitate the understanding of those skilled in the art, this embodiment takes the echo intensity time course curve as an example to provide a method for calculating the intensity impact factor. The details are as follows: First, it is necessary to calculate the variances of the echo intensity time history curves corresponding to the two adjacent signals respectively.

[0049] Then, in this embodiment, it is considered that since the pile foundation hole is expanded at the bottom, the closer to the bottom, the more complex the construction environment and difficulty are. Therefore, as the depth of the pile foundation hole increases, the ultrasonic intensity corresponding to both sides of the aperture offset ultrasonic segment at the initial offset depth position should show higher stability. In order to ensure a more reasonable assessment of the degree of stability, the pile foundation hole depth influencing parameter is introduced in this embodiment. This parameter is calculated based on the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal, and is intended to accurately reflect the influence of the pile foundation hole depth on the stability of the ultrasonic intensity.

[0050] That is, the calculation function of the pile foundation hole depth influencing parameter in this embodiment is as follows: ; in, Indicates the parameters affecting the depth of pile foundation hole; represents an exponential function with a natural constant as base; represents the depth corresponding to the aperture offset signal; Indicates the total depth of the pile foundation hole.

[0051] Finally, the strength influence factor is calculated based on the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter and the echo intensity time history curve based on the preset influence factor calculation function. The calculation function formula of the strength influence factor is as follows: ; in, represents the intensity impact factor; Indicates the parameters affecting the depth of pile foundation hole; It represents the variance of the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to one adjacent signal, that is, the variance of all ultrasonic intensities in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to one adjacent signal; It represents the variance of the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal, that is, the variance of all ultrasonic intensities in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal; Indicates a non-zero adjustment coefficient, which can be set to 1 in this embodiment to prevent the denominator from being zero; Indicates the total number of sampling points in the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to adjacent signals; Indicates the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to an adjacent signal. Ultrasonic intensity; Indicates the echo intensity time history curve corresponding to another adjacent signal. Ultrasonic intensity.

[0052] In this embodiment, when and The smaller the value, the smaller the fluctuation of the aperture deviation on both sides of the ultrasonic segment, and the better the stability of the ultrasonic intensity corresponding to the two sides of the irregular radial change of the hole wall; at the same time, It reflects the difference in the change of ultrasonic intensity corresponding to the adjacent ultrasonic signal segments on both sides of the aperture offset ultrasonic segment. The smaller the value, the irregular the radial change of the hole wall, and the better the stability of the ultrasonic intensity corresponding to both sides.

[0053] Similarly, the calculation method of the time impact factor can also be calculated by the above method, which will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0054] S533. Perform mean calculation based on the intensity impact factor and the time impact factor to obtain a stability impact factor.

[0055] S6. Calculate the aperture deviation degree according to the stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial deviation depths and the hole wall radial error.

[0056] Among them, the calculation function of the aperture deviation degree is as follows: ; in, Indicates the degree of aperture deviation; Represents the sigmoid function, which is used for mapping normalization; represents the stability influencing factor; represents the linear normalization function; Indicates the radial error of the hole wall.

[0057] In the above calculation function, the radial error of the hole wall is It reflects the possibility of the pile foundation hole tilting problem at a certain depth. Ideally, the larger the radial error of the hole wall, the more likely the pile foundation hole is to have a diameter deviation at the current depth, causing a tilting problem. The deviation is proportional to the degree of diameter deviation. The larger the value is, the more it means that the pile foundation hole has not shifted at the current depth position, which may be a misjudgment. It is inversely proportional to the degree of hole diameter shift. Therefore, the above formula is used to obtain the degree of hole diameter shift of the pile foundation hole at a certain initial shift depth position.

[0058] S7. Based on a preset offset threshold, the offset degree of each hole diameter is judged one by one to obtain the tilt state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0059] Through the above steps, the degree of hole diameter deviation of the pile foundation hole in the civil engineering at different depths can be obtained. Further, by setting the deviation threshold, it can be determined whether the pile foundation hole in the civil engineering has a hole tilt problem.

[0060] That is, in this embodiment, the offset threshold is set to 0.9, and the depth position where the aperture offset is greater than the offset threshold is used as the depth position where the hole is tilted. At the same time, further, the radial distance of the hole wall at the depth position where the hole is tilted can be constructed into a polar coordinate diagram according to the angle, so that the direction of the aperture offset can be intuitively seen, so as to adjust the drilling direction in subsequent construction.

[0061] In this embodiment, ultrasonic technology is used to detect the aperture offset without destroying the hole wall, thereby ensuring the non-destructiveness and real-time nature of the detection process. At the same time, by analyzing the regularity of the ultrasonic echo signal intensity and propagation time of the civil engineering pile foundation hole at different depths, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position can be accurately obtained, and a preliminary assessment can be made of the depth positions where the pile foundation hole has deviations. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the rock mass effect offset problem that may be encountered in the bottom expansion process of the pile foundation hole is deeply analyzed, and the bottom expansion effect of the pile foundation hole at different depths is determined. Based on these analysis results, the radial error of the hole wall is weightedly corrected by the stability influencing factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, and then it is judged whether there is a hole tilt problem in the civil engineering pile foundation hole, and the specific location information of the drilling tilt is provided. This method significantly improves the scientificity, accuracy and objectivity of judging the tilt problem of the pile foundation hole in civil engineering.

[0062] Embodiment 2: A specific scheme of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0063] See also Figure 4 , which shows a schematic flow chart of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, it is considered that the geological conditions at the location of the initial offset depth should have a high similarity with the geological conditions at the adjacent location. Therefore, whether in the bottom expansion stage or the drilling stage, the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to adjacent depths should be similar. Therefore, this embodiment corrects the stability influencing factor based on the similarity of the ultrasonic echo signals at adjacent depths. See Step 1-Step 8 for details.

[0064] Step 1. Measure different depths of the pile foundation hole by ultrasonic detection equipment to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth. The ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0065] Step 2: Calculate the radial distance-time curve at each depth based on the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth.

[0066] Step 3: Calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0067] Step 4: Based on a preset error threshold, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth is judged to obtain multiple initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0068] Step 5: Perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain the stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0069] Step 6: Perform similarity calculation on the ultrasonic echo signals at two adjacent depths corresponding to the initial offset depth to obtain a correction factor, and correct and update the stability influencing factor based on the correction factor.

[0070] Specifically, the calculation method of the correction factor includes: Step 61, respectively calculating the initial offset depth and the DTW distance between the ultrasonic echo signals corresponding to two adjacent depths.

[0071] Step 62: Calculate the two DTW distances based on a preset correction factor calculation function to obtain a correction factor.

[0072] That is, the correction factor calculation function mentioned in this step is as follows: ; in, represents the correction factor; represents an exponential function with a natural constant as base; represents the absolute value function; represents the DTW distance between the initial offset depth and an ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to an adjacent depth; It represents the DTW distance between the initial offset depth and the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to another adjacent depth.

[0073] In the above correction factor calculation function, the DTW distance of two ultrasonic echo signals can reflect the similarity of their changing trends. If the DTW distance of the ultrasonic signal at the current initial offset depth position is closer to that of the ultrasonic signals at the upper and lower adjacent depth positions, that is, The smaller the value is, the more reliable the information carried by the ultrasonic echo corresponding to the current initial offset depth position is affected by the changes in rock density and rock elastic modulus. The same influence also exists in the upper and lower adjacent depth levels, bringing the same data change trend, that is, the intensity and propagation time in a certain direction of the depth position will also change, showing irregularity.

[0074] Furthermore, the correction process of the stability influencing factor mentioned in this step is to multiply the stability influencing factor by the correction factor.

[0075] Step 7, calculating the aperture deviation degree according to the stability influencing factor corresponding to each initial deviation depth and the hole wall radial error.

[0076] Step 8: Based on a preset offset threshold, the offset degree of each hole diameter is judged one by one to obtain the tilt state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0077] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the explanatory contents of Step 1-Step 5 and Step 7-Step 8 can be specifically referred to in Embodiment 1, and will not be described in detail in this embodiment.

[0078] In this embodiment, ultrasonic technology is used to detect the aperture deviation, without destroying the hole wall, thereby ensuring the non-destructiveness and real-time nature of the detection process. Through in-depth analysis of the regularity of ultrasonic signal intensity and propagation time at different depths of the pile foundation hole in civil engineering, the radial error of the hole wall at each depth of the pile foundation hole can be accurately obtained, and the pile foundation hole can be preliminarily judged at which depths the deviation occurs. In addition, this embodiment further analyzes the offset problem caused by the rock mass that may be affected by the pile foundation hole during the bottom expansion operation, and determines the bottom expansion effect of the pile foundation hole at different depths. Finally, the radial error of the hole wall at the corresponding depth is weightedly corrected by the stability influencing factor of the pile foundation hole at different depths, and the credibility of the stability influencing factor is further corrected in combination with the similarity between the ultrasonic echoes at adjacent depths. Through these comprehensive analyses, it is possible to determine whether there is a hole tilt problem in the pile foundation hole of civil engineering, and provide specific location information of the drilling tilt. This method significantly improves the scientificity, accuracy and objectivity of judging the tilt problem of the pile foundation hole in civil engineering.

[0079] Embodiment 3: like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, the system comprising: The measuring module is used to measure different depths of the pile foundation hole by ultrasonic detection equipment to obtain ultrasonic echo signals at each depth. The ultrasonic echo signals are collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole.

[0080] The curve calculation module is used to calculate the radial distance time course curve of each depth according to the ultrasonic echo signal of each depth.

[0081] The error calculation module is used to calculate the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth.

[0082] The error judgment module is used to judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold to obtain multiple initial offset depths, where the initial offset depth is the depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold.

[0083] The fluctuation analysis module is used to perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths.

[0084] The offset calculation module is used to calculate the aperture offset degree according to the stability influencing factor corresponding to each initial offset depth and the hole wall radial error.

[0085] The tilt judging module is used to judge the degree of deviation of each of the apertures one by one based on a preset deviation threshold value, so as to obtain the tilt state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

[0086] It should be noted that, regarding the system in the above embodiment, the specific manner in which each module performs operations has been described in detail in the embodiment of the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0087] Embodiment 4: Corresponding to the above method embodiment, this embodiment also provides a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device, and the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device described below and the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method described above can refer to each other.

[0088] Figure 6 FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 according to an exemplary embodiment. Figure 6 As shown, the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 may include: a processor 801 and a memory 802. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 may also include one or more of a multimedia component 803, an I / O interface 804, and a communication component 805.

[0089] The processor 801 is used to control the overall operation of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 to complete all or part of the steps in the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method. The memory 802 is used to store various types of data to support the operation of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800, and these data may include, for example, instructions for any application or method operating on the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800, and application-related data, such as contact data, sent and received messages, pictures, audio, video, etc. The memory 802 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic memory, flash memory, disk or optical disk. The multimedia component 803 may include a screen and an audio component. The screen may be, for example, a touch screen, and the audio component is used to output and / or input audio signals. For example, the audio component may include a microphone for receiving external audio signals. The received audio signal may be further stored in the memory 802 or sent via the communication component 805. The audio component also includes at least one speaker for outputting audio signals. The I / O interface 804 provides an interface between the processor 801 and other interface modules, and the above-mentioned other interface modules can be keyboards, mice, buttons, etc. These buttons can be virtual buttons or physical buttons. The communication component 805 is used for wired or wireless communication between the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection equipment 800 and other devices. Wireless communication, such as Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, Near Field Communication (NFC), 2G, 3G or 4G, or a combination of one or more of them, so the corresponding communication component 805 can include: Wi-Fi module, Bluetooth module, NFC module.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 can be implemented by one or more application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, referred to as ASIC), digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, referred to as DSP), digital signal processing devices (Digital Signal Processing Device, referred to as DSPD), programmable logic devices (Programmable Logic Device, referred to as PLD), field programmable gate arrays (Field Programmable Gate Array, referred to as FPGA), controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors or other electronic components to execute the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method.

[0091] In another exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium including program instructions is also provided, and when the program instructions are executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method are implemented. For example, the computer-readable storage medium can be the above-mentioned memory 802 including program instructions, and the above-mentioned program instructions can be executed by the processor 801 of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device 800 to complete the above-mentioned civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method.

[0092] It should be noted that the sequence of the above embodiments of the present invention is only for description and does not represent the advantages and disadvantages of the embodiments. The processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order or continuous order shown to achieve the desired results. In some embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0093] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and the same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.

Claims

1. A method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering, characterized in that: The method comprises: The different depths of the pile foundation hole are measured by an ultrasonic detection device to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, wherein the ultrasonic echo signal is collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; Calculating according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, obtaining a radial distance-time curve at each depth; The radial error of the hole wall at each depth position is calculated according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; The radial error of the hole wall at each depth is judged based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, wherein the initial offset depth is a depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; The aperture deviation degree is calculated according to the stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial deviation depths and the hole wall radial error; The degree of deviation of each hole diameter is judged one by one based on a preset deviation threshold value, so as to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

2. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radial error of the hole wall at each depth position is calculated according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth, including: Performing straight line fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, wherein the slope of the fitting straight line is 0, and the intercept of the fitting straight line is recorded as the fitting radial distance; Confirming the corresponding radial distance of the hole wall at each moment according to the radial distance time history curve; Based on a preset deviation threshold and a fitted radial distance, statistics are performed on all the radial distances of the hole walls to obtain the number of deviations exceeding the deviation threshold; The hole wall radial error is calculated based on the fitting radial distance, the deviation amount and the corresponding hole wall radial distance at each moment.

3. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain the stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, including: Performing a straight line fitting on the radial distance time history curve to obtain a fitting straight line, wherein the slope of the fitting straight line is 0; Obtaining the aperture deviation corresponding to each moment according to the difference between the radial distance time history curve and the fitting straight line at each moment; Confirming an aperture offset time period and two adjacent time periods in the ultrasonic echo signal based on a preset deviation threshold and all aperture deviations, each of the aperture deviations in the aperture offset time period is greater than the deviation threshold, and the two adjacent time periods are respectively adjacent to the aperture offset time period in timing; Extracting an aperture offset signal and two adjacent signals from the ultrasonic echo signal based on the aperture offset time period and the two adjacent time periods; A stability influencing factor is calculated based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals.

4. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The stability influencing factor is calculated based on the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals, including: Extracting time history curves of the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively, to obtain echo intensity time history curves and echo time time history curves corresponding to the aperture offset signal and the two adjacent signals respectively; Calculating the intensity influence factor and the time influence factor according to the echo time history curve and the echo intensity history curve respectively; The stability impact factor is obtained by performing mean calculation based on the intensity impact factor and the time impact factor.

5. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The calculation method of the intensity influence factor includes: respectively calculating the variance of the echo intensity time history curves corresponding to the two adjacent signals; The pile foundation hole depth influencing parameter is obtained based on the depth calculation corresponding to the aperture offset signal; The intensity influence factor is obtained by calculating the variance, the pile foundation hole depth influence parameter and the echo intensity time history curve based on a preset influence factor calculation function.

6. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The error threshold is 0.

85.

7. The civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The offset threshold is 0.

9.

8. A method for detecting pile foundation holes in civil engineering, characterized in that: The method comprises: The different depths of the pile foundation hole are measured by an ultrasonic detection device to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, wherein the ultrasonic echo signal is collected by the ultrasonic detection equipment rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; Calculating according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth, obtaining a radial distance-time curve at each depth; The radial error of the hole wall at each depth position is calculated according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; The radial error of the hole wall at each depth is judged based on a preset error threshold to obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, wherein the initial offset depth is a depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; Performing signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths respectively to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; Performing similarity calculation on ultrasonic echo signals at two adjacent depths corresponding to the initial offset depth to obtain a correction factor, and correcting and updating the stability influencing factor based on the correction factor; The aperture deviation degree is calculated according to the stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial deviation depths and the hole wall radial error; The degree of deviation of each hole diameter is judged one by one based on a preset deviation threshold value, so as to obtain the inclination state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

9. A civil engineering pile foundation hole detection system, characterized in that: include: A measuring module, used to measure different depths of the pile foundation hole by means of an ultrasonic detection device to obtain an ultrasonic echo signal of each depth, wherein the ultrasonic echo signal is collected by the ultrasonic detection device rotating at a preset speed on the axis of the pile foundation hole; A curve calculation module, used for calculating according to the ultrasonic echo signal at each depth to obtain a radial distance time course curve at each depth; An error calculation module, used for calculating the radial error of the hole wall at each depth position according to the radial distance time history curve at each depth; An error judgment module, used to judge the radial error of the hole wall at each depth based on a preset error threshold, and obtain a plurality of initial offset depths, wherein the initial offset depth is a depth at which the radial error of the hole wall is greater than the error threshold; A fluctuation analysis module, used to perform signal fluctuation analysis on the ultrasonic echo signal corresponding to each of the initial offset depths, to obtain a stability influencing factor corresponding to each of the initial offset depths; An offset calculation module, used for calculating the aperture offset degree according to the stability influence factor corresponding to each initial offset depth and the hole wall radial error; The tilt judging module is used to judge the degree of deviation of each of the apertures one by one based on a preset deviation threshold value, so as to obtain the tilt state of each depth in the pile foundation hole.

10. A civil engineering pile foundation hole detection device, characterized in that: include: Memory for storing computer programs; A processor, configured to implement the steps of the civil engineering pile foundation hole detection method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.

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