Light building heat insulation block and building method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a light building heat insulation block and a building method thereof, and relates to the technical field of building energy-saving materials. The light building heat insulation block body comprises a building block, the building block comprises an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, the middle layer is arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer, first inserting grooves are formed in the top and the bottom of the outer layer, second inserting grooves are formed in the left side and the right side of the outer layer, first heat insulation inserting pieces are inserted into the first inserting grooves, and second heat insulation inserting pieces are inserted into the second inserting grooves. A locking device is further arranged in the outer layer and located at the junction of the first inserting groove and the second inserting groove, the locking device is used for fixing the first heat insulation inserting piece into the first inserting groove and fixing the second heat insulation inserting piece into the second inserting groove, pore structures are arranged in the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer, and pores in the inner layer are filled with phase change materials. According to the light building heat insulation block and the building method thereof, the problems that in the prior art, a heat bridge is likely to be formed at a connecting seam, the heat insulation performance is poor, the mechanical strength is insufficient, and construction is complex are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building energy-saving materials, in particular to a lightweight building heat-insulating block and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the construction industry, with the increasing requirements for building energy conservation, lightweight and efficient insulation materials have become a hot topic of research. Traditional blocks mostly use a single material or a simple composite structure, and there are the following problems: For example, a lightweight thermal insulation aerated concrete block is disclosed in publication number CN222083869U, and grooves and protrusions are respectively opened and fixed on both sides of the block. During installation, the grooves and protrusions of each block are clamped and fixed by filling concrete adhesive. Thermal bridges are easily formed at the joints, resulting in poor overall insulation effect; in addition, high insulation materials are usually low in strength and difficult to meet the load-bearing requirements, and traditional blocks mostly rely on mortar fixation, and the construction efficiency is low. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a lightweight building insulation block that has high insulation, high strength, light weight and convenient construction. Summary of the invention

[0003] 1. Technical issues to be resolved

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a lightweight building insulation block and a construction method thereof, which solves the problems in the prior art of easy formation of thermal bridges at connection joints, poor insulation performance, insufficient mechanical strength and complex construction.

[0005] (II) Technical solution

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A lightweight building heat-insulating block, comprising: a building block, the building block is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the building block comprises an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer, the middle layer is arranged between the outer layer and the inner layer, the top and bottom of the outer layer are both provided with a first slot, the left and right sides of the outer layer are both provided with a second slot, a first heat-insulating plug-in is inserted into the first slot, and a second heat-insulating plug-in is inserted into the second slot, a locking device is further provided inside the outer layer and at the intersection of the first slot and the second slot, the locking device is used to fix the first heat-insulating plug-in in the first slot and the second heat-insulating plug-in in the second slot, a pore structure is provided in the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer, the pores in the outer layer are smaller than the pores in the middle layer, the pores in the middle layer are smaller than the pores in the inner layer, and the pores in the inner layer are filled with phase change material;

[0007] The first heat-insulating plug-in comprises a first partition plate, first inserting strips adapted to the first slots are arranged on both sides of the first partition plate, and a first fixing slot adapted to the locking device is arranged on the surface of the first inserting strip;

[0008] The second heat-insulating plug-in comprises a second partition plate, and second inserting strips adapted to the second slots are arranged on both sides of the second partition plate, and a second fixing slot adapted to the locking device is arranged on the surface of the second inserting strip;

[0009] Preferably, the locking device includes a shell, a fixing seat is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell, fixing rods are provided on both sides of the fixing seat, the two fixing rods are arranged perpendicular to each other, one end of the fixing rod is slidably connected to a card block, one end of the card block passes through the shell and extends to the outside of the shell, one end of the card block located inside the shell is fixedly connected to a limiting block, and a spring is provided between the limiting block and the fixing seat.

[0010] Preferably, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell at a position corresponding to the limit block, the surface of the limit block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder, and a connecting block is fixedly connected to the surface of the shell.

[0011] Preferably, the first fixed slide groove comprises a through groove, the length of the through groove is the same as the length of the first insertion strip, both ends of the through groove are provided with a first inclined surface, and one side of the first inclined surface is provided with a limiting groove and a second inclined surface in sequence.

[0012] Preferably, the first inclined surface, the limiting groove and the second inclined surface are arranged continuously, the limiting groove is arranged on the side of the first inclined surface close to the middle of the first fixed sliding groove, and the second inclined surface is arranged on the side of the limiting groove close to the middle of the first fixed sliding groove, and the slopes of the first inclined surface and the second inclined surface are the same.

[0013] Preferably, the first slot and the second slot are one of a T-slot, a dovetail slot or an L-slot, and the pore structures in the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer are one of a honeycomb, a spherical or a polygonal shape.

[0014] Preferably, the outer layer material is foamed ceramic or foamed glass, the middle layer material is inorganic polymer composite material or ceramic fiber composite material, the inner layer material is aerogel or nanoporous material, and the first thermal insulation plug-in and the second thermal insulation plug-in material are ceramic fiber material.

[0015] Preferably, the length of the second partition is the sum of the height of the building block and the thickness of the first partition, and the length of the second insert is the difference between the height of the building block and the thickness of the two first inserts.

[0016] Preferably, the surface of the outer layer is coated with a nano titanium dioxide coating or a reflective heat-insulating coating, the coating thickness is 10-100 μm, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 20-30°C.

[0017] A method for constructing a lightweight building insulation block comprises the following steps:

[0018] Step 1: insert the first heat-insulating insert into the first slot on the top of the building block until the locking device fixes the first heat-insulating insert;

[0019] Step 2: insert the second heat-insulating insert into the second slot on one side of the building block until the locking device fixes the first heat-insulating insert;

[0020] Step 3: Place a building block on one side of the bottom of the wall with the outer layer facing outward, align the second slot of the other building block with the second insulation plug-in, connect the two building blocks, and extend them in the length direction of the wall;

[0021] Step 4: Install the second layer of blocks on top of the bottom layer of blocks and extend it in the height direction of the wall until a continuous insulating wall is formed.

[0022] (III) Beneficial effects

[0023] The present invention provides a lightweight building heat-insulating block and a construction method thereof, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0024] (1) This lightweight building insulation block consists of an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer. Different materials are used to achieve insulation performance while ensuring overall strength. In addition, the different pore structures of the outer layer, the middle layer and the inner layer further improve the insulation effect.

[0025] (2) In this lightweight building insulation block, the blocks are connected by a first insulation plug-in and a second insulation plug-in, which further reduces the thermal conductivity of the entire wall. In addition, the connection between the first insulation plug-in and the second insulation plug-in does not require mortar fixation, which simplifies the construction process and reduces labor costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the building block of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 For the present invention Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0028] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the locking device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the first fixed chute of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a second heat-insulating plug-in unit of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a wall made of building blocks in the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1-building block, 101-outer layer, 102-middle layer, 103-inner layer, 104-first slot, 105-second slot, 106-locking device, 1061-shell, 1062-fixed seat, 1063-fixed rod, 1064-block, 1065-limiting block, 1066-spring, 1067-cylinder, 1068-connecting block, 2-first insulation plug-in, 201-first partition, 202-first insertion strip, 203-first fixed slide groove, 2031-through groove, 2032-first inclined plane, 2033-limiting groove, 2034-second inclined plane, 3-second insulation plug-in, 301-second partition, 302-second insertion strip, 303-second fixed slide groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] See also Figure 1-6 The present invention provides a technical solution: a lightweight building heat-insulating block, comprising: a building block 1, the building block 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the building block 1 comprises an outer layer 101, an intermediate layer 102 and an inner layer 103, the intermediate layer 102 is arranged between the outer layer 101 and the inner layer 103, the top and bottom of the outer layer 101 are both provided with a first slot 104, the left and right sides of the outer layer 101 are both provided with a second slot 105, the first slot 104 and the second slot 105 are one of a T-slot, a dovetail slot or an L-slot, in this embodiment, a T-slot is used, and a A first heat-insulating plug-in 2 is inserted into a second heat-insulating plug-in 3 in the second slot 105. A locking device 106 is provided inside the outer layer 101 and at the intersection of the first slot 104 and the second slot 105. The locking device 106 is used to fix the first heat-insulating plug-in 2 in the first slot 104 and the second heat-insulating plug-in 3 in the second slot 105. A pore structure is provided in the outer layer 101, the middle layer 102 and the inner layer 103. The pores in the outer layer 101 are smaller than the pores in the middle layer 102, and the pores in the middle layer 102 are smaller than the pores in the inner layer 103.

[0035] The outer layer 101 is made of foamed ceramic or foamed glass. Specifically, the foamed ceramic is made of kaolin, talcum powder and foaming agent, and the foamed glass is made of waste glass powder and foaming agent (such as calcium carbonate) with a density of 1.2-1.5g / cm 3 , porosity ≤ 10%, pore size ≤ 0.5 mm;

[0036] The material of the middle layer 102 is selected from inorganic polymer composite materials or ceramic fiber composite materials. The specific inorganic polymer composite materials are selected from geopolymers or phosphate-based composite materials. The ceramic fiber composite materials are made of alumina fiber or aluminum silicate fiber and inorganic binder, with a density of 0.8-1.0g / cm 3 , porosity is 20-40%, pore size is 0.5-1mm;

[0037] The inner layer 103 is made of aerogel or nanoporous material. The aerogel is made of silica aerogel or carbon aerogel. The nanoporous material is made of nanoporous silica or nanoporous carbon. The density is 0.3-0.5g / cm 3 The porosity is 60-80%, the pore size is 1-2 mm, and the pore structure in the outer layer 101, the middle layer 102 and the inner layer 103 is one of honeycomb, spherical or polygonal.

[0038] The pores in the inner layer 103 are filled with phase change material, the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 20-30° C. The phase change material is filled in the pores of the inner layer 103 in the form of microcapsules, and the phase change material is a paraffin-based phase change material or an inorganic hydrated salt phase change material.

[0039] The outer layer 101 adopts high density and low porosity to enhance mechanical strength and durability; the middle layer 102 adopts medium density and medium porosity to achieve a transition layer and balance performance; the inner layer 103 adopts low density and high porosity to provide excellent thermal insulation performance, and at the same time, the void structure and the void-filled phase change material of the inner layer 103 effectively block heat transfer.

[0040] The first heat-insulating plug-in 2 comprises a first partition plate 201, and first inserting strips 202 adapted to the first slots 104 are arranged on both sides of the first partition plate 201, and first fixing grooves 203 adapted to the locking device 106 are arranged on the surface of the first inserting strip 202;

[0041] The second heat-insulating plug-in 3 comprises a second partition plate 301, and second inserting strips 302 adapted to the second slot 105 are arranged on both sides of the second partition plate 301, and second fixing slots 303 adapted to the locking device 106 are arranged on the surface of the second inserting strip 302;

[0042] The first heat-insulating plug-in 2 and the second heat-insulating plug-in 3 are made of ceramic fiber material and are integrally molded. The ceramic fiber material has a certain heat-insulating property, which blocks the direct conduction of heat through the connection seam. At the same time, the heat-insulating plug-in made of ceramic fiber material has a certain compressive strength to ensure structural stability. In addition, the connection of the building block 1 uses the first heat-insulating plug-in 2 and the second heat-insulating plug-in 3, which avoids mortar fixation, simplifies the construction process, and reduces labor costs.

[0043] The locking device 106 includes a shell 1061, a fixed seat 1062 is fixedly connected to the inside of the shell 1061, and fixed rods 1063 are arranged on both sides of the fixed seat 1062. The two fixed rods 1063 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and one end of the fixed rod 1063 is slidably connected to a block 1064, and one end of the block 1064 is provided with a sliding hole adapted to the fixed rod 1063. One end of the block 1064 passes through the shell 1061 and extends to the outside of the shell 1061. One end of the block 1064 located inside the shell 1061 is fixedly connected to a limit block 1065, and the limit block 1065 is connected to the A spring 1066 is arranged between the fixed seat 1062, and the spring 1066 ensures that the block 1064 can be quickly reset. The inner wall of the shell 1061 is fixedly connected with a cylinder 1067 at the corresponding position of the limit block 1065. The surface of the limit block 1065 is slidingly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 1067. The stability of the block 1064 is improved by the cylinder 1067 and the limit block 1065. The surface of the shell 1061 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 1068. The connecting block 1068 increases the contact area with the outer layer 101 and improves the stability of the installation of the locking device 106.

[0044] The first fixed slide groove 203 includes a through groove 2031, the length of the through groove 2031 is the same as the length of the first insertion strip 202, both ends of the through groove 2031 are provided with a first inclined surface 2032, one side of the first inclined surface 2032 is provided with a limiting groove 2033 and a second inclined surface 2034 in sequence, the first inclined surface 2032, the limiting groove 2033 and the second inclined surface 2034 are provided continuously, the limiting groove 2033 is provided on the side of the first inclined surface 2032 close to the middle of the first fixed slide groove 203, the second inclined surface 2034 is provided on the side of the limiting groove 2033 close to the middle of the first fixed slide groove 203, the first inclined surface 2032 and the second inclined surface 2034 have the same slope, one end of the clamping block 1064 is provided with an inclined surface with the same slope as the first inclined surface 2032 and the second inclined surface 2034, and the surface is provided with a smooth surface, thereby reducing the friction between the clamping block 1064 and the through groove 2031.

[0045] When installing the first thermal insulation plug-in 2, one end of the first insertion strip 202 is aligned with the first slot 104 and inserted along the length direction of the building block 1. During the insertion process, the block 1064 first contacts the first inclined surface 2032 and compresses the spring 1066, and then quickly resets after reaching the limiting groove 2033. Then, the block 1064 contacts the second inclined surface 2034 and compresses the spring 1066, and continues to slide in the through groove 2031 until it slides to the limiting groove 2033 on the other side, completing the installation of the first thermal insulation plug-in 2; the installation method of the second thermal insulation plug-in 3 is the same as the installation method of the first thermal insulation plug-in 2.

[0046] The length of the second partition 301 is the sum of the height of the building block 1 and the thickness of the first partition 201 , and the length of the second insert 302 is the difference between the height of the building block 1 and the thickness of the two first inserts 202 .

[0047] The surface of the outer layer 101 is coated with a nano titanium dioxide coating or a reflective heat-insulating coating with a thickness of 10-100 μm. The coating has a reflective heat-insulating function and improves the heat-insulating effect.

[0048] To prepare the building block 1, follow these steps:

[0049] Step 1: Material preparation:

[0050] Outer layer slurry: Mix kaolin, talcum powder and foaming agent in proportion, and add water to make slurry;

[0051] Intermediate layer slurry: geopolymer or ceramic fiber is mixed with inorganic binder to make slurry;

[0052] Inner layer slurry: aerogel or nanoporous material is mixed with a binder to form a slurry;

[0053] Step 2: Layering

[0054] Using compression molding technology, the outer layer, middle layer and inner layer slurry are filled layer by layer;

[0055] Step 3: High temperature sintering

[0056] Sinter the formed blocks at 800-1200℃ for 2-4 hours to make each layer tightly bonded;

[0057] Step 4: Surface Preparation

[0058] Nano titanium dioxide or reflective heat-insulating coating is sprayed on the surface of the blocks with a thickness of 10-100 μm.

[0059] Step 5: Functional Integration

[0060] Phase change material microcapsules are injected into the pores of the inner layer, and a locking device 106 is installed at the corresponding position of the outer layer using an adhesive to complete the preparation of the building block.

[0061] A method for constructing a lightweight building insulation block comprises the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: insert the first heat-insulating insert 2 into the first slot 104 at the top of the building block 1 until the locking device 106 fixes the first heat-insulating insert 2;

[0063] Step 2: insert the second heat-insulating plug 3 into the second slot 105 on one side of the building block 1 until the locking device 106 fixes the first heat-insulating plug 2;

[0064] Step 3: Place a building block 1 on one side of the bottom of the wall with the outer layer 101 facing outward, align the second slot 105 of another building block 1 with the second insulation plug 3 to connect the two building blocks 1 and extend them in the length direction of the wall;

[0065] Step 4: Install the second layer of building blocks 1 above the bottom layer of building blocks 1 and extend them in the height direction of the wall until a continuous heat-insulating wall is formed.

[0066] Experimental data

[0067] Performance Indicators Example building blocks Traditional blocks Thermal conductivity of wall (W / (m·K)) 0.045 0.1-0.2 Compressive strength(MPa) 2.3 1-1.5 <![CDATA[Density (kg / m 3 )]]> 480 600-800 Connection node tensile strength (kN) 1.2 0.7-0.9 <![CDATA[Thermal resistance value at the joint (m 2 ·K / W)]]> 0.35 0.15-0.25

[0068] It can be seen from the experimental data that the building blocks of this embodiment can significantly improve the comprehensive performance of lightweight building insulation blocks, meet diverse application needs, and have high market competitiveness.

[0069] It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second, etc. are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the statement "comprise a ..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device including the elements.

[0070] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A lightweight building insulation block, characterized in that: include: A building block (1), the building block (1) being of a rectangular parallelepiped structure, the building block (1) comprising an outer layer (101), an intermediate layer (102) and an inner layer (103), the intermediate layer (102) being arranged between the outer layer (101) and the inner layer (103), the top and bottom of the outer layer (101) being both provided with a first slot (104), the left and right sides of the outer layer (101) being both provided with a second slot (105), the first slot (104) being inserted with a first heat-insulating plug-in (2), the second slot (105) being inserted with a second heat-insulating plug-in (3), the outer layer (101) being inside and located at the first slot (104), A locking device (106) is also provided at the intersection of the slot (104) and the second slot (105), and the locking device (106) is used to fix the first heat-insulating plug-in (2) in the first slot (104) and the second heat-insulating plug-in (3) in the second slot (105); a pore structure is provided in the outer layer (101), the middle layer (102) and the inner layer (103); the pores in the outer layer (101) are smaller than the pores in the middle layer (102); the pores in the middle layer (102) are smaller than the pores in the inner layer (103); and the pores in the inner layer (103) are filled with phase change material; The first heat-insulating plug-in (2) comprises a first partition (201), first inserting strips (202) adapted to the first slot (104) are arranged on both sides of the first partition (201), and a first fixing slot (203) adapted to the locking device (106) is arranged on the surface of the first inserting strip (202); The second heat-insulating plug-in (3) comprises a second partition (301), and second insertion strips (302) adapted to the second slot (105) are arranged on both sides of the second partition (301), and a second fixed sliding groove (303) adapted to the locking device (106) is arranged on the surface of the second insertion strip (302).

2. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device (106) comprises a shell (1061), the interior of the shell (1061) is fixedly connected to a fixing seat (1062), both sides of the fixing seat (1062) are provided with fixing rods (1063), the two fixing rods (1063) are arranged perpendicular to each other, one end of the fixing rod (1063) is slidably connected to a clamping block (1064), one end of the clamping block (1064) passes through the shell (1061) and extends to the outside of the shell (1061), one end of the clamping block (1064) located inside the shell (1061) is fixedly connected to a limiting block (1065), and a spring (1066) is arranged between the limiting block (1065) and the fixing seat (1062).

3. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder (1067) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the shell (1061) at a position corresponding to the limit block (1065); the surface of the limit block (1065) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (1067); and a connecting block (1068) is fixedly connected to the surface of the shell (1061).

4. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fixed sliding groove (203) comprises a through groove (2031), the length of the through groove (2031) is the same as the length of the first insertion strip (202), both ends of the through groove (2031) are provided with a first inclined surface (2032), and one side of the first inclined surface (2032) is provided with a limiting groove (2033) and a second inclined surface (2034) in sequence.

5. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first inclined surface (2032), the limiting groove (2033) and the second inclined surface (2034) are arranged continuously, the limiting groove (2033) is arranged on one side of the first inclined surface (2032) close to the middle of the first fixed sliding groove (203), and the second inclined surface (2034) is arranged on one side of the limiting groove (2033) close to the middle of the first fixed sliding groove (203), and the first inclined surface (2032) and the second inclined surface (2034) have the same slope.

6. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first slot (104) and the second slot (105) are one of a T-slot, a dovetail slot or an L-slot, and the pore structures in the outer layer (101), the middle layer (102) and the inner layer (103) are one of a honeycomb, a spherical or a polygonal shape.

7. A lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material of the outer layer (101) is foamed ceramic or foamed glass, the material of the middle layer (102) is inorganic polymer composite material or ceramic fiber composite material, the material of the inner layer (103) is aerogel or nanoporous material, and the material of the first thermal insulation plug-in (2) and the second thermal insulation plug-in (3) is ceramic fiber material.

8. The lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The length of the second partition (301) is the sum of the height of the building block (1) and the thickness of the first partition (201), and the length of the second insert (302) is the difference between the height of the building block (1) and the thickness of the two first inserts (202).

9. The lightweight building insulation block according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface of the outer layer (101) is coated with a nano titanium dioxide coating or a reflective heat-insulating coating, the coating thickness is 10-100 μm, and the phase change temperature of the phase change material is 20-30° C.

10. A method for constructing a lightweight building insulation block according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: inserting the first heat-insulating insert (2) into the first slot (104) at the top of the building block (1) until the locking device (106) secures the first heat-insulating insert (2); Step 2: inserting the second heat-insulating insert (3) into the second slot (105) on one side of the building block (1) until the locking device (106) fixes the first heat-insulating insert (2); Step 3: Place a building block (1) on one side of the bottom of the wall with the outer layer (101) facing outwards, align the second slot (105) of another building block (1) with the second heat-insulating plug (3), connect the two building blocks (1), and extend along the length direction of the wall; Step 4: Install a second layer of building blocks (1) on top of the bottom layer of building blocks (1) and extend in the height direction of the wall until a continuous heat-insulating wall is formed.

Images