A guiding device for long-distance and complex formation construction

Abstract

The present invention discloses a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata, which relates to the technical field of stratum drilling. It includes a first guiding component, a second guiding component, and a third guiding component connected in series in sequence. Among them, the first guiding component is a gravity cylinder, and the gravity cylinder is used to provide a limit for the second guiding component; the second guiding component includes: an annular cylinder, and an elastic seal is arranged between the inner wall of the annular cylinder and the outer wall of the gravity cylinder; a plurality of first telescopic cylinders are circumferentially and spaced apart, one end of the first telescopic cylinder is universally hinged to the inner wall of the gravity cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the annular cylinder; wherein, a laser emitter is arranged in the annular cylinder, and a laser receiver corresponding to the laser emitter is arranged in the gravity cylinder; the third guiding component axially slides through the second guiding component along the axial direction of the second guiding component so as to provide guidance for the second guiding component, and further provide precise guidance for the entire drilling process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of stratum drilling, in particular to a guiding device used for long-distance complex stratum construction. Background Art

[0002] As an advanced method of laying underground pipelines, pipe jacking is a process of digging deep underground through construction holes to efficiently complete the task of laying pipelines. During the construction process, the drilling equipment must strictly follow the predetermined straight trajectory, which is the key to ensuring the quality and efficiency of pipeline laying. However, the complexity of the formation conditions, such as the uneven distribution of soil hardness and the fluctuation of soil moisture content, may bring many challenges to the advancement of the drilling equipment, making it easy to deviate from the predetermined straight trajectory.

[0003] Therefore, laser systems are often used as guides. However, in long-distance pipe jacking operations, laser guide lines also face certain limitations. On the one hand, the laser beam is easily disturbed by external factors such as air refraction and scattering during propagation, resulting in reduced light intensity and beam deviation, which will have a negative impact on the receiving effect of the laser receiver and reduce the accuracy of the guidance. On the other hand, in order to ensure the stability and reliability of the laser beam in long-distance propagation, it is necessary to increase the laser power and select a more stable emission source, which undoubtedly increases the complexity and cost of the equipment.

[0004] In addition, even if laser guidance is used, corresponding straightening equipment is still required to ensure the straightness of the construction. In long-distance construction, it is undoubtedly difficult to achieve this.

[0005] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a guiding device for long-distance and complex stratum construction to solve the above problems. Summary of the invention

[0006] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a guide device for long-distance complex stratum construction, comprising a first guide assembly, a second guide assembly, and a third guide assembly connected in series in sequence, wherein the first guide assembly is a gravity cylinder, and the gravity cylinder is used to provide a limit for the second guide assembly;

[0007] The second guide assembly comprises:

[0008] An annular cylinder, wherein an elastic sealing member is disposed between the inner wall of the annular cylinder and the outer wall of the gravity cylinder;

[0009] A plurality of first telescopic cylinders are circumferentially spaced apart, one end of the first telescopic cylinder being universally hinged to the inner wall of the gravity cylinder, and the other end being rotatably connected to the ring cylinder;

[0010] Among them, a laser emitter is arranged in the annular cylinder, and a laser receiver corresponding to the laser emitter is arranged in the gravity cylinder;

[0011] The third guiding component slides axially along the second guiding component through the second guiding component to provide guidance for the second guiding component.

[0012] Preferably, during construction, the first guiding component remains stationary, and the first telescopic cylinder is used to drive the second guiding component forward. When the laser receiver senses that the offset of the laser emitter is greater than the first threshold, at this time, the first telescopic cylinder drives the second guiding component to reset, and then the third guiding component is used to move forward to realize the guidance of the second guiding component.

[0013] Preferably, a partition plate is integrally formed on the inner side of the annular cylinder, and a drill bit is rotatably arranged on the partition plate.

[0014] Preferably, the partition plate is used to divide the annular cylinder into two spaces, namely a first space and a second space. The central connection line of the two spaces is parallel to the axis of the annular cylinder;

[0015] The first space is located on the side of the annular cylinder away from the first guiding component, and the drill bit is also arranged in the first space. A hydraulic driving member is arranged in the second space to provide rotational power for the drill bit.

[0016] Preferably, a collecting cylinder is also arranged in the second space. The collecting port of the collecting cylinder penetrates through the partition plate and is located in the first space, and a screw conveyor is arranged in the collecting cylinder.

[0017] Preferably, the third guiding component is a guiding column, and the guiding column slides through the partition plate and the drill bit;

[0018] A stress plate is fixed at one end of the guiding column close to the first guiding component, and a second telescopic cylinder is connected between the partition plate and the stress plate.

[0019] Preferably, a flow channel is provided in the middle of the guiding column, and at least one water jet cutting head is embedded at one end of the guiding column away from the first guiding component.

[0020] Preferably, a plurality of hydraulic support arms are embedded in the side of the guiding column and are circumferentially spaced apart.

[0021] Preferably, a plurality of pressure sensors are embedded at positions on the partition plate close to the third guiding component and are circumferentially spaced apart. The positions of the respective pressure sensors correspond one-to-one to the positions of the hydraulic support arms.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata, having the following beneficial effects:

[0023] In the present invention, through the relative positional relationship between the annular cylinder and the gravity cylinder, precise guidance of the advancing direction of the second guiding component is achieved without relying on a long-distance laser propagation path. This not only improves the accuracy and stability of the guidance, but also greatly enhances the practicality and economy of the entire guiding device.

[0024] In the present invention, the first guiding component, the second guiding component, and the third guiding component can work together, effectively restricting the movement ranges of the second guiding component and the third guiding component, and ensuring the stability of the overall structure and the accuracy of the guidance. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata;

[0026] Figure 2 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata;

[0027] Figure 3 is a sectional structural schematic diagram of a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata;

[0028] Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second guiding component and the third guiding component in a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the second guiding component and the third guiding component in a guiding device for construction in long-distance complex strata Figure 2 ;

[0030] In the figures: 1, the first guiding component; 2, the second guiding component; 3, the third guiding component; 4, the first telescopic cylinder; 5, the elastic seal; 6, the second telescopic cylinder; 7, the laser emitter; 8, the laser receiver; 21, the annular cylinder; 22, the partition plate; 23, the drill bit; 24, the hydraulic drive; 25, the collection cylinder; 26, the auger; 31, the water jet cutting head; 32, the hydraulic support arm; 33, the force-bearing plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0031] In the description, claims and the above accompanying drawing description of this application, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that these terms can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, which is only a way of distinguishing objects with the same attributes when describing the embodiments of this application. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of units does not have to be limited to those units, but may include other units that are not clearly listed or are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0032] Embodiment: Please refer to Figures 1-5 , wherein, Figure 4 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the second guiding component and the third guiding component in a guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction Figure 1 ; Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the second guiding component and the third guiding component in a guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction Figure 2 ; Figure 4 and Figure 5 show the three-dimensional structures of the second guiding component and the third guiding component in a guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction from different directions;

[0033] In an embodiment of the present invention, a guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction is provided, which includes a first guiding component 1, a second guiding component 2, and a third guiding component 3 connected in series in sequence. Among them, the first guiding component 1 is a gravity cylinder, and the gravity cylinder is used to provide a limit for the second guiding component 2;

[0034] The second guiding component 2 includes:

[0035] A ring cylinder 21, between the inner wall of which and the outer wall of the gravity cylinder, an elastic seal 5 is provided;

[0036] A plurality of first telescopic cylinders 4 circumferentially spaced apart, one end of the first telescopic cylinder 4 is universally hinged to the inner wall of the gravity cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the ring cylinder 21;

[0037] Among them, a laser emitter 7 is provided in the ring cylinder 21, and a laser receiver 8 corresponding to the laser emitter 7 is provided in the gravity cylinder;

[0038] The third guiding component 3 axially slides through the second guiding component 2 along the axis of the second guiding component 2 to provide guidance for the second guiding component 2.

[0039] Among them, a laser emitter 7 is integrated inside the annular cylinder 21, and a laser receiver 8 is correspondingly arranged in the gravity cylinder. The laser beam propagates stably between the annular cylinder 21 and the gravity cylinder, ensuring the accuracy of guiding the second guiding component 2 even in the face of complex strata.

[0040] In addition, since the gravity cylinder is used as a reference, there is no need to arrange the laser emitter 7 and the laser receiver 8 over a long distance, overcoming many difficulties faced by traditional guiding technologies in long-distance operations. For example, traditional laser guiding methods may require arranging laser emitters and receivers along the entire operation path, which not only increases the complexity and cost of the equipment but may also be interfered by various environmental factors during long-distance operations.

[0041] In contrast, this guiding device achieves precise guidance of the advancing direction of the second guiding component 2 through the relative position relationship between the annular cylinder 21 and the gravity cylinder, without relying on a long laser propagation path. It not only improves the accuracy and stability of guiding but also greatly enhances the practicality and economy of the entire guiding device.

[0042] During construction, the first guiding component 1 remains stationary, and the first telescopic cylinder 4 is used to drive the second guiding component 2 to advance for drilling. When the laser receiver 8 senses that the offset of the laser emitter 7 is greater than the first threshold, at this time, the first telescopic cylinder 4 drives the second guiding component 2 to reset, and then the third guiding component 3 is used to advance. After the third guiding component 3 advances, the third guiding component 3 and the first guiding component 1 are used together to achieve the guiding of the second guiding component 2 to ensure the accuracy of the drilling route.

[0043] That is to say, during construction, the following steps are included:

[0044] The first guiding component 1 remains stationary, serving as the reference and support for the entire guiding device.

[0045] Using the driving force of the first telescopic cylinder 4, the second guiding component 2 is pushed forward to achieve the drilling action. During this process, the laser emitter 7 in the annular cylinder 21 continuously emits a laser beam, and the laser receiver 8 in the gravity cylinder receives and monitors the offset of the laser beam in real time.

[0046] When the laser receiver 8 senses that the offset of the laser emitter 7 exceeds the preset first threshold, it indicates that the advancing direction of the second guiding component 2 has deviated from the predetermined trajectory.

[0047] At this time, the first telescopic cylinder 4 drives the second guiding component 2 to reset.

[0048] After the second guiding component 2 is reset, the third guiding component 3 starts to move forward. The presence of the first guiding component 1 and the second guiding component 2 effectively restricts the moving range of the third guiding component 3, enabling it to move only along the axial direction of the first guiding component 1 and the second guiding component 2.

[0049] After that, the third guiding component 3 and the first guiding component 1 jointly provide guiding support for the second guiding component 2 to ensure the accuracy of the drilling route. At this time, driven by the first telescopic cylinder 4, the second guiding component 2 is pushed forward to achieve the drilling action.

[0050] After the second guiding component 2 moves forward, the first telescopic cylinder 4 contracts. At the same time, the pipe jacking machine pushes the pipe body forward synchronously, which enables the third guiding component 3 to move forward with the advancement of the pipe body, thus maintaining the continuity of the entire guiding device.

[0051] That is to say, when this guiding device is in use, it needs to cooperate with the pipe jacking machine to achieve the laying of the pipe body. After the third guiding component 3 moves forward, when the third guiding component 3 and the first guiding component 1 jointly guide the second guiding component 2, after the first telescopic cylinder 4 drives the second guiding component 2 forward to complete the drilling, the first telescopic cylinder 4 resets. At the same time, the pipe jacking machine pushes the pipe body forward synchronously, so that the third guiding component 3 moves forward with the advancement of the pipe body. Therefore, although the first telescopic cylinder 4 resets, the second guiding component 2 still remains in that position.

[0052] It should also be explained that the accuracy requirement of the guiding device is an important factor affecting the first threshold range. If the guiding device requires high-precision guiding and positioning, then the range of the first threshold should be set relatively small to ensure that the reset adjustment mechanism can be triggered under a small offset amount, thereby maintaining the accuracy of the drilling direction. On the contrary, if the accuracy requirement of the guiding device is relatively low, then the range of the first threshold can be appropriately relaxed.

[0053] In addition, the specific conditions of the construction environment will also affect the range of the first threshold. For example, if the construction formation is relatively complex with many obstacles or unstable factors, then the range of the first threshold should be set relatively small so that adjustments can be made in a timely manner when a small offset occurs, avoiding larger deviations or accidents. Conversely, if the construction formation is relatively simple and stable, then the range of the first threshold can be appropriately relaxed.

[0054] In this embodiment, a partition plate 22 is integrally formed on the inner side of the annular cylinder 21, and a drill bit 23 is rotatably provided on the partition plate 22.

[0055] The partition plate 22 is used to divide the annular cylinder 21 into two spaces, namely the first space and the second space. The central connection line of the two spaces is parallel to the axial direction of the annular cylinder 21;

[0056] The first space is located on the side of the annular cylinder 21 away from the first guiding assembly 1. The drill bit 23 is also provided in the first space, and a hydraulic driving member 24 is provided in the second space for providing rotational power to the drill bit 23.

[0057] That is to say, by the design of dividing the annular cylinder 21 into two spaces by the partition plate 22 and respectively arranging the drill bit 23 and the hydraulic driving member 24 therein, the guiding device not only provides precise guidance but also has high drilling ability.

[0058] The hydraulic driving member 24 refers to a device or component driven by hydraulic power. Hydraulic drive is a driving method that uses the pressure energy of liquid for energy conversion and transmission, and has the advantages of large output force, smooth transmission, easy realization of stepless speed regulation and overload protection.

[0059] For example, a hydraulic motor, a combination of a hydraulic motor and a reducer.

[0060] In this embodiment, a collecting cylinder 25 is further provided in the second space. The collecting port of the collecting cylinder 25 penetrates through the partition plate 22 and is located in the first space. A screw conveyor 26 is provided in the collecting cylinder 25 for collecting and discharging formation debris.

[0061] In this embodiment, the third guiding assembly 3 is a guiding column, and the guiding column slidably penetrates through the partition plate 22 and the drill bit 23;

[0062] A stress plate 33 is fixed to one end of the guiding column close to the first guiding assembly 1, and a second telescopic cylinder 6 is connected between the partition plate 22 and the stress plate 33.

[0063] Among them, the guiding column is one of the key components in the whole guiding device. The guiding column needs to move along a predetermined trajectory to ensure the accuracy of the drilling direction. However, due to the complexity and uncertainty of the formation conditions, the guiding column may be affected by various factors during the movement, resulting in deviation from the predetermined trajectory.

[0064] To avoid this situation, the first guiding assembly 1 and the second guiding assembly 2 play a crucial restrictive role. They ensure that the guiding column does not deviate from the predetermined trajectory during the movement through physical constraints and guiding mechanisms. Specifically, first, the first guiding assembly 1 serves as the reference and fixed support of the whole guiding device. It provides a stable foundation for subsequent guiding and drilling actions to be carried out on this basis.

[0065] Secondly, the second guiding component 2 is located on one side of the first guiding component 1 and moves through the first telescopic cylinder 4. The function of the second guiding component 2 is to further guide the drilling direction on the basis of the first guiding component 1 and gradually advance as the drilling progresses. Due to the relative positional relationship between the second guiding component 2 and the first guiding component 1, they jointly constitute a stable guiding system.

[0066] Therefore, during implementation, the second telescopic cylinder 6 can be used to push the guiding column forward. During the forward movement of the guiding column, the first guiding component 1 and the second guiding component 2 play a crucial restrictive role. They can ensure that the guiding column does not deviate from the predetermined trajectory during movement but moves along the axial directions of the first guiding component 1 and the second guiding component 2. This characteristic not only improves the guiding accuracy but also enhances the stability of the device.

[0067] In order to make the third guiding component 3 move more smoothly, in this embodiment, a flow channel is configured in the middle of the guiding column, and at least one water jet cutting head 31 is embedded at one end of the guiding column away from the first guiding component 1.

[0068] The design of the flow channel helps to balance the force on the guiding column during the drilling process, reduce the jamming or deviation of the guiding column caused by formation resistance or friction, so as to ensure that the guiding column can move smoothly along the predetermined trajectory. In addition, the water jet cutting head 31 uses high-pressure water flow to cut and break the formation, thereby assisting the guiding column in the drilling operation. Especially when encountering hard or difficult-to-drill formations, the water jet cutting head 31 can play an important role in helping the guiding column quickly break through obstacles.

[0069] In addition, the water jet cutting head 31 can also be adjusted and controlled as needed to adapt to different drilling conditions and formation characteristics. For example, the cutting effect of the water jet cutting head 31 can be changed by adjusting the pressure and flow rate of the water flow, so as to achieve precise control and adjustment of the drilling direction.

[0070] In addition, in the subsequent stage, after the third guiding component 3 advances, the third guiding component 3 and the first guiding component 1 are used together to realize the guiding of the second guiding component 2 and ensure the accuracy of the drilling route. Therefore, a plurality of hydraulic support arms 32 distributed at circumferential intervals are embedded in the side of the guiding column.

[0071] When the third guiding component 3 advances in place, it will cooperate with the first guiding component 1 to achieve precise guiding of the second guiding component 2. To achieve this goal, in this embodiment, a plurality of hydraulic support arms 32 distributed at circumferential intervals are embedded in the side of the guiding column.

[0072] The hydraulic support arm 32 can adjust its extended length according to actual needs, so as to temporarily support and limit the guide column, ensuring its stable position. This design not only improves the stability and reliability of the guiding device, but also provides a solid foundation for the subsequent cooperation with the first guiding component 1.

[0073] During the actual operation process, when the guide column advances to the predetermined position, the extended length of the hydraulic support arm 32 is adjusted through the control system, so that they are in close contact with the formation and provide the necessary supporting force. In this way, the guide column can be firmly fixed at the predetermined position, providing accurate guidance for the subsequent drilling operation.

[0074] Further, a plurality of pressure sensors are embedded at positions of the partition plate 22 close to the third guiding component 3 and are distributed at circumferential intervals, and the positions of the respective pressure sensors correspond one-to-one to the positions of the hydraulic support arm 32.

[0075] In order to further improve the accuracy and reliability of guiding, in this embodiment, a plurality of pressure sensors (not shown in the figure) are embedded at positions of the partition plate 22 close to the third guiding component 3. The positions of these pressure sensors correspond one-to-one to the positions of the hydraulic support arm 32, and can real-time monitor the contact pressure between the hydraulic support arm 32 and the formation.

[0076] By reading the data of the pressure sensors, the force-bearing condition of the hydraulic support arm 32 can be understood, and their extended length and supporting force can be adjusted accordingly.

[0077] The above is only the preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitution or change, and should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction, characterized in that, It includes a first guiding component (1), a second guiding component (2), and a third guiding component (3) connected in series in sequence. Among them, the first guiding component (1) is a gravity cylinder, and the gravity cylinder is used to provide a limit for the second guiding component (2). The second guiding component (2) includes: A ring cylinder (21), between the inner wall of which and the outer wall of the gravity cylinder, an elastic seal (5) is provided; A plurality of first telescopic cylinders (4) circumferentially spaced apart, one end of the first telescopic cylinder (4) is gimbal-jointed to the inner wall of the gravity cylinder, and the other end is rotatably connected to the ring cylinder (21); Among them, a laser emitter (7) is provided in the ring cylinder (21), and a laser receiver (8) corresponding to the laser emitter (7) is provided in the gravity cylinder; The third guiding component (3) axially slides through the second guiding component (2) along the second guiding component (2) to provide guidance for the second guiding component (2); An integral partition plate (22) is formed on the inner side of the ring cylinder (21), and a drill bit (23) is rotatably provided on the partition plate (22); The partition plate (22) is used to divide the ring cylinder (21) into two spaces, namely a first space and a second space, and the central connection line of the two spaces is parallel to the axis of the ring cylinder (21); The first space is located on the side of the ring cylinder (21) away from the first guiding component (1), and the drill bit (23) is also provided in the first space. A hydraulic driving member (24) is provided in the second space to provide rotational power for the drill bit (23).

2. The guiding device for long-distance complex stratum construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, During construction, the first guiding component (1) remains stationary, and the first telescopic cylinder (4) is used to drive the second guiding component (2) to advance. When the laser receiver (8) senses that the offset of the laser emitter (7) is greater than a first threshold, at this time, the first telescopic cylinder (4) drives the second guiding component (2) to reset, and then the third guiding component (3) is used to advance to realize the guidance of the second guiding component (2).

3. The guiding device for long-distance complex stratum construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, A collection cylinder (25) is also provided in the second space. The collection port of the collection cylinder (25) penetrates through the partition plate (22) and is located in the first space, and a screw conveyor (26) is provided in the collection cylinder (25).

4. A guiding device for long-distance complex stratum construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third guiding component (3) is a guiding column, and the guiding column slides through the partition plate (22) and the drill bit (23); One end of the guiding column close to the first guiding component (1) is fixed with a force-bearing plate (33), and a second telescopic cylinder (6) is connected between the partition plate (22) and the force-bearing plate (33).

5. A guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, The middle part of the guiding column has a flow channel, and at least one water jet cutting head (31) is embedded at one end of the guiding column away from the first guiding component (1).

6. The guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction according to claim 4, characterized in that, A plurality of circumferentially spaced hydraulic support arms (32) are embedded on the side of the guiding column.

7. The guiding device for long-distance complex formation construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, A plurality of pressure sensors are embedded at positions of the partition plate (22) close to the third guiding assembly (3) and are distributed at circumferential intervals, and the positions of the respective pressure sensors correspond to the positions of the hydraulic support arms (32) one by one.

Images