A drilling perpendicularity control mechanism, a drilling rig and a drilling method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a drilling perpendicularity control mechanism, which includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve with adjustable barrel diameters respectively. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected along the radial direction by a first telescopic cylinder. When the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve is in a contracted state, it can hold the drill pipe by clamping. When the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve is in an expanded state, it can support against the inner wall of the external pile hole. The present invention also discloses a drilling rig, which includes a drill pipe and a drill bit arranged at its bottom end, and the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism is sleeved on the drill pipe. The present invention further discloses a drilling method, which uses the drilling rig and includes the following steps: sleeving the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism on the drill pipe, contracting the inner sleeve to form a fixation with the drill pipe; when the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism follows the drill pipe into the external pile hole, expanding the outer sleeve to support against the inner wall of the external pile hole; expanding the inner sleeve to a preset barrel diameter. The present invention can ensure the perpendicularity of the drilling and improve the construction efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of engineering equipment, and particularly relates to a drilling verticality regulation mechanism, a drilling rig, and a drilling method. Background Art

[0002] As an important structural form of deep foundation, the pile foundation plays a key bearing role in engineering fields such as construction engineering and bridge engineering. The verticality of the pile hole directly determines the load transfer efficiency between the pile foundation and the formation. When the verticality deviation exceeds the allowable range, it will not only weaken the vertical bearing performance of the pile body, but also may cause potential safety hazards such as eccentric compression of the pile body and structural stress concentration.

[0003] Existing drilling technologies for drilling rigs usually use rigid limiting devices such as guide frames and hydraulic stabilizing arms to mechanically restrict the movement trajectory of the drill pipe, and maintain the axis of the formed hole by restricting the lateral displacement of the drill pipe. Such technical solutions can effectively suppress the random swing of the drill pipe under homogeneous formation conditions, and control the verticality of the formed hole within the allowable range of conventional engineering.

[0004] However, engineering practice shows that when the drill pipe operates in complex formations, the amplitude of the drill pipe has a great influence on the verticality of the pile hole, and there is a dynamic coupling relationship between its vibration amplitude, formation stiffness, and drill bit penetration resistance. Excessive amplitude in soft soil formations will exacerbate the disturbance of the hole wall, while insufficient amplitude during rock drilling will cause the drill bit to get stuck. Due to the lack of dynamic amplitude adjustment ability of the existing rigid restraint devices, their fixed limiting gaps cannot adjust the restraint range according to the real-time drilling conditions. When encountering sudden changes in formation hardness, they can neither release the reasonable vibration energy of the drill pipe by increasing the restraint gap nor enhance the restraint strength in time when the vibration exceeds the standard. This mismatch between mechanical restraint and dynamic conditions leads to a significant reduction in the control effect of the verticality of the formed hole under complex geological conditions. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a drilling verticality regulation mechanism that can adjust the restraint range of the drilling rig amplitude at any time during the drilling process and adjust the advancing direction of the drilling rig at any time to ensure the verticality of the drill hole in view of the complexity and instability of the rock formation itself under complex geological conditions. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies and defects in the background art, and provide a drilling verticality regulation mechanism, a drilling rig, and a drilling method that can adjust the restraint range of the drilling rig amplitude at any time during the drilling process and adjust the advancing direction of the drilling rig at any time to ensure the verticality of the drill hole.

[0006] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A drilling verticality control mechanism includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve with adjustable barrel diameters respectively. The inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are connected along the radial direction by a first telescopic cylinder. When the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve is in a contracted state, it can hug the drill pipe. When the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve is in an expanded state, it can support against the inner wall of the external pile hole.

[0008] In the above drilling verticality control mechanism, preferably, the inner sleeve includes at least three inner barrel petals distributed circumferentially. Adjacent inner barrel petals are connected by a second telescopic cylinder. Driven by the second telescopic cylinder, the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve changes. This setting enables the inner sleeve to contract and hug the drill pipe through the drive of the second telescopic cylinder, adapting to drill pipes of different sizes with strong adaptability. Also, the inner sleeve can expand to disconnect from the drill pipe. When the drill pipe is working, it can restrain the amplitude of the drill pipe. At the same time, according to different geological conditions and drilling depths encountered during drilling, the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve can be dynamically adjusted to reasonably restrain the amplitude of the drill pipe. Additionally, at least three inner barrel petals distributed circumferentially can restrain the drill pipe in multiple directions, effectively limiting the radial vibration of the drill pipe and enhancing the control ability of the drill pipe amplitude.

[0009] In the above drilling verticality control mechanism, preferably, the outer sleeve includes at least three outer barrel petals distributed circumferentially. Adjacent outer barrel petals are connected by a third telescopic cylinder. Driven by the third telescopic cylinder, the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve changes. This setting enables the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve to be flexibly adjusted through the drive of the third telescopic cylinder to adapt to pile holes of different inner diameters, so that the outer sleeve can stably support against the inner wall of the external pile hole. Additionally, at least three outer barrel petals are evenly distributed circumferentially and support against the inner wall of the pile hole, enabling full contact with the hole wall and forming a stable support structure.

[0010] In the above drilling verticality control mechanism, preferably, the number of inner barrel petals is the same as that of outer barrel petals, and the first telescopic cylinder is respectively connected to the corresponding inner barrel petal and outer barrel petal. With this setting, the inner barrel petal and the outer barrel petal are connected by the first telescopic cylinder, and the three work together. The first telescopic cylinder can provide a stable supporting force for the inner barrel petal through the outer barrel petal, enabling the inner barrel petal to effectively and stably restrain the vibration amplitude of the drill pipe. When the verticality of the drill pipe deviates, the first telescopic cylinder can quickly adjust the position of the inner barrel petal, so that the inner barrel petal on the offset side can promptly resist the drill pipe and correct its offset direction, ensuring the drilling verticality.

[0011] In the above-mentioned drilling verticality control mechanism, preferably, a plurality of bumps for increasing the friction with the inner wall of the external pile hole are provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder flap. This setting makes the distribution of the contact points more dispersed and irregular during the contact with the hole wall, increasing the actual contact area. When the device has a relative motion tendency with other objects, the bumps will form more microscopic interlocks with the contact surface, generating more adhesive friction, which can better adapt to the unevenness of the pile hole inner wall or the changes in geological conditions and enhance the support stability of the outer cylinder flap.

[0012] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a drilling rig, including a drill pipe and a drill bit provided at its bottom end, and the drilling verticality control mechanism is sleeved on the drill pipe. By sleeving the drilling verticality control mechanism on the drill pipe, under complex geological conditions, the constraint range of the drill pipe amplitude can be adjusted at any time during the drilling process, and the advancing direction of the drill pipe can be adjusted at any time, accurately controlling the vibration and offset of the drill pipe, enhancing the construction stability, and significantly improving the verticality of the drilling hole.

[0013] As a general technical concept, the present invention also provides a drilling method, using the drilling rig, and including the following steps:

[0014] Step S1, sleeving the drilling verticality control mechanism on the drill pipe;

[0015] Step S2, the inner sleeve shrinks and forms a fixation with the drill pipe;

[0016] Step S3, when the drilling verticality control mechanism follows the drill pipe into the external pile hole, the outer sleeve expands to abut against the inner wall of the external pile hole;

[0017] Step S4, the inner sleeve expands to a preset cylinder diameter.

[0018] In the above-mentioned drilling method, preferably, the step S4 further includes:

[0019] Step S41, judging the type of rock stratum where the drill bit is located;

[0020] Step S42, the inner sleeve expands to a preset cylinder diameter according to the type of rock stratum.

[0021] In the above-mentioned drilling method, preferably, it further includes step S5, deviation correction, and the step S5 includes:

[0022] S51, monitoring the drilling verticality;

[0023] S52, when the verticality of the drill pipe exceeds the threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder on the same side of the offset direction extends, the first telescopic cylinder on the opposite side contracts, and the inner sleeve moves to the opposite side of the offset direction to apply a deviation correction force to the drill pipe;

[0024] After the verticality of the drill pipe is restored to the threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder resets to keep the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve coaxial.

[0025] In the above drilling method, preferably, it further includes step S6 of recovering the drilling verticality control mechanism, and the step S6 includes:

[0026] S61, Stop drilling;

[0027] S62, The inner sleeve shrinks to be able to hold the drill pipe;

[0028] S63, The outer sleeve shrinks and disengages from the inner wall of the external pile hole;

[0029] S64, After the outer sleeve is completely shrunk, the drilling verticality control mechanism is lifted out of the hole following the drill pipe.

[0030] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows:

[0031] Through the coordinated action of the inner sleeve, the outer sleeve and the first telescopic cylinder, in complex geological conditions, the outer sleeve can effectively adapt to complex rock stratum conditions and provide stable support. The inner sleeve can adjust the constraint range of the drill pipe amplitude at any time during the drilling process, and can adjust the advancing direction of the drill pipe at any time through the first telescopic cylinder, accurately control the vibration amplitude and offset position of the drill pipe, enhance the stability of construction, ensure the verticality of the drilling hole, improve the quality and efficiency of drilling, reduce the construction difficulty and risk, significantly improve the construction efficiency, and at the same time reduce the rework caused by drilling deviation and lower the construction cost. The present invention has important significance in engineering applications and provides a more reliable and efficient solution for vertical rock stratum drilling operations. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0033] Figure 1 It is an assembly schematic diagram of the drilling verticality control mechanism, drill pipe and drill bit for the embodiment;

[0034] Figure 2 It is a structural schematic diagram of the drilling verticality control mechanism for the embodiment.

[0035] LEGEND DESCRIPTION

[0036] 1. Inner sleeve; 11. Inner cylinder flap; 12. Second telescopic cylinder; 2. Outer sleeve; 21. Outer cylinder flap; 22. Third telescopic cylinder; 23. Bump; 3. First telescopic cylinder; 4. Drill pipe; 5. Drill bit; 6. Power device. Detailed implementation manners

[0037] For the convenience of understanding the present invention, the following will describe the present invention more comprehensively and meticulously in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the specification and preferred embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.

[0038] It should be particularly noted that when a certain element is described as "fixed to, fixedly connected to, connected to or communicated with" another element, it can be directly fixed, fixedly connected, connected or communicated to the other element, or indirectly fixed, fixedly connected, connected or communicated to the other element through other intermediate connecting members.

[0039] Unless otherwise defined, all professional terms used hereinafter have the same meanings as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art. The professional terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0040] Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments and equipment used in the present invention can be obtained through market purchases or can be prepared by existing methods.

[0041] Embodiment:

[0042] As Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown, the drilling verticality control mechanism of this embodiment includes an inner sleeve 1 and an outer sleeve 2 whose barrel diameters can be adjusted respectively, and the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 are connected along the radial direction through a first telescopic cylinder 3; when the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve 1 is in a contracted state, it can hug the drill pipe 4; when the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve 2 is in an expanded state, it can support against the inner wall of the external pile hole.

[0043] In this embodiment, the inner sleeve 1 includes at least three inner cylinder flaps 11 distributed circumferentially, and adjacent inner cylinder flaps 11 are connected through a second telescopic cylinder 12; under the drive of the second telescopic cylinder 12, the barrel diameter of the inner sleeve 1 changes.

[0044] In this embodiment, the outer sleeve 2 includes at least three outer cylinder flaps 21 distributed circumferentially, and adjacent outer cylinder flaps 21 are connected through a third telescopic cylinder 22; under the drive of the third telescopic cylinder 22, the barrel diameter of the outer sleeve 2 changes.

[0045] In this embodiment, the number of the inner cylinder flaps 11 is the same as that of the outer cylinder flaps 21, and the first telescopic cylinder 3 is respectively connected to the corresponding inner cylinder flap 11 and outer cylinder flap 21.

[0046] In this embodiment, a plurality of bumps 23 for increasing the friction with the inner wall of the external pile hole are provided on the outer wall of the outer cylinder flap 21.

[0047] In this embodiment, the number of the inner cylinder flaps 11 and the outer cylinder flaps 21 can be set to four, and the cross-sections of the inner cylinder flaps 11 and the outer cylinder flaps 21 are set to be arc-shaped. The adjacent inner cylinder flaps 11 and outer cylinder flaps 21 are respectively hinged by the second telescopic cylinder 12 and the third telescopic cylinder 22. When the four inner cylinder flaps 11 are closed, a ring-shaped clamping structure that fits the outer wall of the drill pipe 4 is formed. When the four outer cylinder flaps 21 are unfolded, a ring-shaped support structure that fits the inner wall of the pile hole is formed, and the circumferential force is more uniform, improving the stability of the clamping and support. The second telescopic cylinder 12 and the third telescopic cylinder 22 are both set as linear hydraulic cylinders. Of course, in other embodiments, they can also be set as arc-shaped telescopic cylinders. The second telescopic cylinder 12 and the third telescopic cylinder 22 adopt an arc-shaped design, and their bending arcs match the arc profiles of the inner cylinder flaps 11 / outer cylinder flaps 21. Through the arc-shaped driving path, the unfolding / contracting trajectories of the inner cylinder flaps 11 and the outer cylinder flaps 21 are more in line with the preset path, thereby improving the stability of the clamping and support. The second telescopic cylinder 12 and the third telescopic cylinder 22 can be arranged in multiple layers (two layers can be used) along the axial direction to further improve the overall structural stability.

[0048] In this embodiment, a plurality of sonic auxiliary devices and a plurality of infrared positioning devices can be provided at the lower end of the outer cylinder flap 21. The sonic auxiliary device can make the drill bit 5 generate high-frequency vibration during drilling, which can reduce the strength of the rock and has a certain compaction effect on the soil and rock around the hole wall. At the same time, during the drilling process, the situation inside the drill hole can be obtained in real time. By monitoring the changes in these sonic parameters, the type of the formation and the physical properties of the rock (such as elastic modulus, porosity, etc.) can be inferred, providing important data for the drilling of the drill rig. The infrared positioning device, whose principle is similar to the triangulation method, emits infrared rays. After encountering an object, it is reflected to the receiver, and an offset value will be obtained. Through geometric triangle relationships, the distance of the object can be calculated. During the drilling process, the infrared positioning device tracks the position of the drill bit 5 in real time. When the drill rig is affected by factors such as uneven formation and mechanical vibration, resulting in a change in the drilling direction, the infrared positioning device can quickly detect it and issue an alarm. According to the deviation information provided by the infrared positioning device, the operator can accurately correct the angle and advancing direction of the drill rig to ensure that the drill bit 5 can advance along the preset drilling path.

[0049] In this embodiment, the drilling verticality control mechanism further includes a power device 6 provided at the upper ends of the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2. The power device 6 is connected to the inner cylinder flap 11 or the outer cylinder flap 21 through a telescopic connecting member.

[0050] In this embodiment, the power device 6 is a hydraulic device, which includes a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic cylinder, a control valve, etc. that cooperate with each other. At the same time, it is necessary to regularly check the hydraulic oil level and quality of the hydraulic device. If the hydraulic oil is contaminated or deteriorated, it should be replaced in time. Check the working status of each component, and repair or replace it in time when problems are found to ensure that the device can work normally in subsequent construction. In other embodiments, the power device 6 can be an electric drive device, etc.

[0051] In this embodiment, the first telescopic cylinder 3, the second telescopic cylinder 12, and the third telescopic cylinder 22 can be hydraulic telescopic cylinders. The first telescopic cylinder 3 includes a radial hydraulic cavity provided in the outer sleeve 2 and a radial hydraulic rod provided in the radial hydraulic cavity. The outer end of the radial hydraulic rod is connected to the inner sleeve 1; the second telescopic cylinder 12 includes an inner cylinder hydraulic cavity provided in the inner sleeve 1 and an inner cylinder circumferential hydraulic rod provided in the inner cylinder hydraulic cavity, which is connected to the hydraulic device through an inner cylinder hydraulic pipe; the third telescopic cylinder 22 includes an outer cylinder hydraulic cavity provided in the outer sleeve 2 and an outer cylinder circumferential hydraulic rod provided in the outer cylinder hydraulic cavity, which is connected to the hydraulic device through an outer cylinder hydraulic pipe.

[0052] In this embodiment, specifically, the radial hydraulic rods of the first telescopic cylinder 3 extend radially at the same time, which can generate a thrust force to limit the movement of the inner sleeve 1, provide a supporting force for the inner sleeve 1, ensure the position stability of the inner sleeve 1 during the working process, and accurately restrict the amplitude range of the drill pipe 4. At the same time, when the verticality of the drill rig deviates greatly to one side during drilling, the pressure on the deviating side is increased, and the outer wall of the inner sleeve 1 on the deviating side is pushed by the radial hydraulic rod, so that the inner sleeve 1 on the deviating side can push the drill pipe 4 back to its original position, and the pressure on the radial hydraulic rod on the deviating side is stopped after correction; the inner cylinder hydraulic cavity of the second telescopic cylinder 12 transmits energy through the pressure of the liquid to drive the actuating element of the hydraulic equipment to work. The outer end of the inner cylinder circumferential hydraulic rod is connected to the adjacent inner cylinder lobe 11. When the inner cylinder hydraulic cavity is under pressure, it will generate a circumferential thrust force on it, so that the inner cylinder circumferential hydraulic rod extends in all directions, so as to play a role in restricting the amplitude of the drill pipe 4; the outer cylinder hydraulic cavity of the third telescopic cylinder 22 transmits energy through the pressure of the liquid to drive the actuating element of the hydraulic equipment to work. The outer cylinder hydraulic pipe is used to connect the hydraulic device and transport hydraulic oil. The outer end of the outer cylinder circumferential hydraulic rod is connected to the adjacent outer cylinder lobe 21. When the hydraulic piston is under the pressure of the hydraulic oil, it will cause the outer cylinder circumferential hydraulic rods of the adjacent outer cylinder lobes 21 to extend outward along the circumferential direction, so that the entire outer sleeve 2 is firmly placed on the hole wall. The uniform acting force generated by this extension can make the outer wall of the outer sleeve 2 tightly adhere to and fix on the rock wall of the drill hole in a surface contact manner, forming a firm and reliable fixing effect, realizing the reliable connection between the regulating mechanism and the rock wall, and ensuring the stability and safety of the entire regulating mechanism during the drilling operation.

[0053] The drill rig of this embodiment includes a drill pipe 4 and a drill bit 5 provided at the bottom end thereof. A drilling verticality adjustment mechanism is sleeved on the drill pipe 4.

[0054] In this embodiment, the drill bit 5 can be a barrel drill bit. The drill bit 5 rotates at a high speed under the powerful drive of the drill pipe 4. The cutting edge of the drill bit 5 is made of a high-strength alloy material and has extremely high hardness and wear resistance after a special heat treatment process, and can easily cut into the hard rock layer. A sensor can be installed above the drill bit 5. Since the drill bit 5 may be difficult to control the accuracy of the drilled hole diameter due to factors such as formation non-uniformity and drill bit 5 swing during the drilling process, or the lateral pressure in the formation is relatively large, resulting in excessive friction on the side hole wall of the drill bit 5 and causing side wear. The drill bit 5 usually drills at a relatively fast speed in soft rock, its hardness is relatively low, and its compressive strength and shear strength are relatively small, and the cutting edge can cut into the rock more stably; the drill bit 5 drills at a relatively slow speed in hard rock, its hardness and strength are relatively high, and a greater cutting force is required to cut into the rock, and the stability is relatively poor. At this time, a slight deviation of the drill hole may occur. The data can be fed back through the sensor, and the control system starts the automatic adjustment mechanism to correct the slight deviation of the drill bit 5 by adjusting the angle and propulsion direction of the drill pipe 4.

[0055] The drilling method of this embodiment uses the above drill rig and includes the following steps:

[0056] Step S1, sleeving the drilling verticality adjustment mechanism on the drill pipe 4;

[0057] Step S2, the inner sleeve 1 shrinks to form a fixation with the drill pipe 4;

[0058] Step S3, when the drilling verticality adjustment mechanism follows the drill pipe 4 into the external pile hole, the outer sleeve 2 expands to abut against the inner wall of the external pile hole;

[0059] Step S4, the inner sleeve 1 expands to a preset cylinder diameter.

[0060] In this embodiment, step S4 further includes:

[0061] Step S41, judging the type of rock stratum where the drill bit 5 is located;

[0062] Step S42, the inner sleeve 1 expands to a preset cylinder diameter according to the type of rock stratum.

[0063] In this embodiment, it further includes step S5, deviation correction. The step S5 includes:

[0064] S51, monitoring the drilling verticality;

[0065] S52, when the verticality of the drill pipe 4 exceeds the threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder 3 on the same side of the deviation direction extends, the first telescopic cylinder 3 on the opposite side contracts, and the inner sleeve 1 moves to the opposite side of the deviation direction to apply a deviation correction force to the drill pipe 4;

[0066]

[0066] After the perpendicularity of the drill pipe 4 is restored to the threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder 3 resets to keep the inner sleeve 1 and the outer sleeve 2 coaxial.

[0067] In this embodiment, it further includes step S6 of recovering the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism, and the step S6 includes:

[0068] S61, Stop drilling;

[0069] S62, The inner sleeve 1 shrinks until it can hold the drill pipe 4;

[0070] S63, The outer sleeve 2 shrinks and disengages from the inner wall of the external pile hole;

[0071] S64, After the outer sleeve 2 is completely shrunk, the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism is lifted out of the hole together with the drill pipe 4.

[0072] In this embodiment, the specific construction method is as follows: Before construction, the drilling position should be determined according to the engineering design requirements. At the same time, the surrounding environment should be evaluated to ensure that the surrounding buildings, underground pipelines, etc. will not be affected during the construction process. Secondly, assemble and debug the drilling perpendicularity control mechanism. Connect and install components such as the inner sleeve 1, the outer sleeve 2, the hydraulic device, the acoustic wave auxiliary device, and the infrared positioning device according to the design requirements to ensure that the inner sleeve 1 is fixed on the drill pipe 4 by holding. Check the sealing performance of the hydraulic device to ensure that components such as each hydraulic chamber, hydraulic pipe, and hydraulic rod can work normally. Debug the acoustic wave auxiliary device so that it can accurately emit and receive acoustic wave signals to monitor the formation conditions in real time during the drilling process. Calibrate the infrared positioning device to ensure that its positioning accuracy is within the allowable range and can accurately track the position of the drill bit 5.

[0073] During the construction operation, the rotary drilling technology is adopted. During the drilling operation, the drill bit 5 cuts the soil mass and retains the drilled soil material in the internal space of the drill bit 5. First, when the drilling rig starts to operate, the drill pipe 4 starts slowly, and the drill bit 5 gradually obtains the rotation power. The drill pipe 4 starts to push the drill bit 5 to advance into the rock formation. The cutting edge of the drill bit 5 continuously contacts the rock formation under high-speed rotation and breaks the rock formation by using its own hardness and shape. When the drilling verticality control mechanism follows the drill pipe 4 into the pile hole, the outer sleeve 2 expands to abut against the inner wall of the external pile hole, and then the inner sleeve 1 expands to the preset cylinder diameter, and the first telescopic cylinder 3 provides a stable supporting force for the inner sleeve 1. Then, the acoustic wave auxiliary device is used to judge the type of the current formation, the physical properties of the rock, etc., and the cylinder diameter of the inner sleeve 1 is adjusted to reasonably restrict the amplitude range of the drill pipe 4. The infrared positioning device is used to monitor whether the drilling verticality deviates. If the verticality deviation exceeds the threshold range and the drilling verticality deviates to one side, the first telescopic cylinder 3 is controlled to move the inner sleeve 1 to the opposite side of the deviation direction, apply a deviation correction force to the drill pipe 4, and the deviation amount is restored to the allowable range, and the first telescopic cylinder 3 is reset. Finally, when the drill bit 5 drills to a certain depth, the drilling stops. The inner sleeve 1 contracts to be able to hug the drill pipe 4, and the outer sleeve 2 contracts and disengages from the inner wall of the external pile hole. Until the outer sleeve 2 is completely contracted, the drill pipe 4, the drill bit 5 and the drilling verticality control mechanism form an integral structure. The drilling verticality control mechanism follows the drill pipe 4 to be lifted out of the hole, and the soil material in the drill bit 5 is poured to the designated position to complete one soil excavation process. Repeat the above drilling and soil excavation processes until the drilling operation reaches the parameters such as the depth and aperture required by the design. During the whole construction process, timely adjustment is made according to different formation conditions to ensure the safe and efficient progress of the construction.

[0074] When the existing drilling rig drilling technology faces inclined rock formations, it often encounters the problem of verticality deviation, which seriously affects the construction progress and quality. When the drilling rig drills in an inclined rock formation, due to the complexity and instability of the rock formation, it is very easy to have a verticality deviation. Once a deviation occurs, the treatment process is extremely cumbersome: the drilling rig must be lifted and quick-drying concrete is poured. The selection of the concrete needs to comprehensively consider factors such as its setting time and strength development characteristics. After the concrete strength reaches the standard, the drilling rig parameters can be adjusted again to continue drilling. This process not only takes time, but also may cause the repeated occurrence of verticality deviation, forming a vicious cycle and increasing the construction cost. The drilling verticality control mechanism, drilling rig and drilling method of the present invention can significantly improve the drilling verticality under complex rock formation conditions, reduce the construction difficulty and risk, significantly improve the construction efficiency, and reduce the construction cost.

[0075] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drilling method, characterized in that: Use a drilling rig and include the following steps: Step S1, mounting the drilling verticality control mechanism on the drill rod (4); Step S2, the inner sleeve (1) is contracted to be fixed to the drill rod (4); Step S3, when the drilling verticality control mechanism follows the drill rod (4) into the external pile hole, the outer sleeve (2) expands to support the inner wall of the external pile hole; Step S4, the inner sleeve (1) is expanded to a preset diameter; The drilling machine comprises a drill rod (4) and a drill bit (5) arranged at the bottom end thereof, and the drill rod (4) is provided with a drilling verticality regulating mechanism; The drilling verticality control mechanism comprises an inner sleeve (1) and an outer sleeve (2) whose diameters can be adjusted respectively. The inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2) are connected radially via a first telescopic cylinder (3); when the diameter of the inner sleeve (1) is in a contracted state, it can be clamped on a drill rod (4); when the diameter of the outer sleeve (2) is in an expanded state, it can be supported on the inner wall of an external pile hole; the inner sleeve (1) comprises at least three inner sleeve petals (11) distributed in an annular direction, and adjacent inner sleeve petals (11) are connected via a second telescopic cylinder (12); under the drive of the second telescopic cylinder (12), the diameter of the inner sleeve (1) changes.

2. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer sleeve (2) comprises at least three outer sleeve petals (21) distributed in an annular direction, and adjacent outer sleeve petals (21) are connected via a third telescopic cylinder (22); driven by the third telescopic cylinder (22), the diameter of the outer sleeve (2) changes.

3. The drilling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The number of the inner cylinder petals (11) and the outer cylinder petals (21) is the same, and the first telescopic cylinder (3) is respectively connected to the corresponding inner cylinder petals (11) and outer cylinder petals (21).

4. The drilling method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The outer wall of the outer tube flap (21) is provided with a plurality of protrusions (23) for increasing the friction force with the inner wall of the outer pile hole.

5. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step S4 further comprises: Step S41, determining the type of rock formation in which the drill bit (5) is located; Step S42, the inner sleeve (1) is expanded to a preset diameter according to the rock formation type.

6. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S5, correction, wherein step S5 comprises: S51, monitoring the verticality of the borehole; S52, when the verticality of the drill rod (4) exceeds a threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder (3) on the same side of the offset direction is extended, the first telescopic cylinder (3) on the opposite side is contracted, and the inner sleeve (1) moves along the opposite side of the offset direction to apply a corrective force to the drill rod (4); S53, after the verticality of the drill rod (4) is restored to a threshold range, the first telescopic cylinder (3) is reset to maintain the inner sleeve (1) and the outer sleeve (2) in a coaxial state.

7. The drilling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method further comprises step S6, wherein the drilling verticality regulating mechanism is recovered, and the step S6 comprises: S61, stop drilling; S62, the inner sleeve (1) is retracted until it can be clamped on the drill pipe (4); S63, the outer sleeve (2) shrinks and separates from the inner wall of the outer pile hole; S64, after the outer sleeve (2) is completely retracted, the drilling verticality control mechanism follows the drill rod (4) and is pulled out of the hole.

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