Cast-in-place pile reaming equipment and reaming construction method

Abstract

The invention relates to cast-in-place pile reaming equipment and a reaming construction method.The cast-in-place pile reaming equipment comprises an outer pipe, an inner pipe and a drill bit, a first hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the inner pipe is arranged in the outer pipe, the drill bit is located at the bottom of the inner pipe, the inner pipe moves up and down along the outer pipe through the first hydraulic cylinder, and an upper flange is arranged on the outer pipe; an upper flange is arranged on the inner pipe, a lower flange corresponding to the upper flange is arranged on the inner pipe, pressing arm assemblies which are hinged to each other are arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange, reaming plates are arranged on the pressing arm assemblies, and alloy blocks are arranged on the reaming plates. According to the cast-in-place pile reaming equipment and the reaming construction method, through multi-point stress and dynamic angle adjustment, stable supporting and fixing are achieved through the pull rope assembly and the winding assembly, directionality is ensured through the guide assembly, the reaming efficiency and stability are remarkably improved, safety and equipment adaptability in the construction process are enhanced, and the construction efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, the construction quality and the improvement of the overall performance are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a bored pile hole enlarging device and a hole enlarging construction method, belonging to the technical field of engineering machinery. Background Art

[0002] In the field of civil engineering, cast-in-place piles are a common form of foundation structure, widely used in bridges, high-rise buildings, underground structures and other projects. In the construction process of cast-in-place piles, drilling and hole expansion are key steps, which are directly related to the bearing capacity and construction quality of the piles.

[0003] A Chinese patent application with application number CN201910230892.7 discloses a reaming device and a multifunctional hole-forming equipment for drilling and reaming, comprising an inner tube and an outer tube arranged inside and outside, the outer tube being capable of transmitting torque to the reaming arm through an upper flange, the outer tube being capable of applying a downward force to the upper flange through an upper flange limit pressure piece, a clutch component being provided between the inner tube and the outer tube, the clutch component comprising an outer tube block and an inner tube block, when the outer tube block and the inner tube block are in a combined state, the outer tube being capable of transmitting torque to the inner tube and applying a downward force.

[0004] However, when used in complex geological conditions such as hard soil and rock layers, excessive force at a single point can easily lead to equipment damage or increased construction difficulty, which will affect the hole expansion efficiency and stability. In particular, when the hole wall resistance is large, the hole expansion process will become difficult, and when encountering large resistance, it will cause the equipment to vibrate or deviate, affecting the stability and safety of the construction. Summary of the invention

[0005] The invention provides a bored pile hole enlargement device and a hole enlargement construction method, so as to solve the problems in the prior art of equipment damage caused by excessive force on a single point and equipment vibration or deviation caused by encountering large resistance.

[0006] The present invention provides a bored pile hole enlarging device, comprising an outer tube, an inner tube and a drill bit, wherein a first hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the inner tube is arranged in the outer tube, the drill bit is located at the bottom of the inner tube, the inner tube is moved up and down along the outer tube by the first hydraulic cylinder, an upper flange is arranged on the outer tube, a lower flange corresponding to the upper flange is arranged on the inner tube, a mutually hinged pressure arm assembly is arranged between the upper flange and the lower flange, a hole enlarging plate is arranged on the pressure arm assembly, and an alloy block is arranged on the hole enlarging plate.

[0007] Preferably, the inner tube is located below the outer tube and moves up and down along the outer tube by a first hydraulic cylinder;

[0008] The first hydraulic cylinder comprises an upper hydraulic chamber and a lower hydraulic chamber, both of which are provided with corresponding hydraulic through holes, and the upper hydraulic chamber and the lower hydraulic chamber are connected to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through holes.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure arm assembly comprises an upper pressure arm and a lower pressure arm, one end of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm are hinged to the upper flange and the lower flange respectively, and the other ends of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm are hinged to each other and connected to the expansion plate.

[0010] Preferably, the expansion plate is an arc-shaped plate corresponding to the outer wall of the inner tube, and a plurality of the alloy blocks are located on the expansion plate and are distributed linearly in a circumference, and the alloy blocks are designed as pyramids.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure arm assembly is provided with a pull rope assembly and a reel assembly corresponding to the pull rope assembly, and the pull rope assembly is divided into two groups and respectively located on both sides of the hole expansion plate;

[0012] The pull rope assembly includes a first traction rope and a second traction rope. One end of the first traction rope and the second traction rope are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the expansion plate, and the other end thereof is connected to the winding assembly.

[0013] Preferably, the winding assembly includes a winding wheel and a winding roller, the winding wheels are located at both ends of the winding roller, the first traction rope and the second traction rope are respectively wound around the winding wheels at both ends, and the winding roller is connected to a driving motor.

[0014] Preferably, the winding roller is designed to be vertical in the longitudinal direction, and a corresponding lifting support part is provided at the bottom of the winding roller, and the lifting support part includes a support frame, a telescopic rod, and a support plate. The support plate is located inside the support frame and is driven by the telescopic rod to move up and down, and the winding roller passes through the support frame and is fixedly connected to the support plate;

[0015] Preferably, the pressure arm assembly further comprises a pulley, the first traction rope passes through the pulley and is wound around a winding wheel, and the pulley is provided with a groove corresponding to the first traction rope.

[0016] Preferably, the pressure arm assembly also includes a guide assembly, which passes through the inner tube and is connected to the outer tube, the tail of the guide assembly is in contact with the hinge of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm, and a lower pressure assembly corresponding to the guide assembly is provided in the outer tube.

[0017] Preferably, a pipe corresponding to the guide assembly is provided in the inner tube, a bending corner is provided at the bottom of the pipe, and the other end of the bending corner passes through the outside of the inner tube, the guide assembly includes a gooseneck tube and a plurality of steel balls, the gooseneck tube is located in the pipe, the tail of the gooseneck tube is connected to the hinge of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm, the top of the gooseneck tube slides up and down along the pipe through the lower pressure assembly, and the steel balls are multiple and mutually squeezed and connected by a connecting rope;

[0018] The top of the gooseneck tube is open, the bottom of the pressing component penetrates into the gooseneck tube to squeeze the steel ball, and a steel pipe is arranged on the outer side of the tail of the gooseneck tube.

[0019] The present invention also provides a bored pile hole expansion construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0020] 1) Move the reaming device to a suitable position where the hole needs to be reamed, connect the hydraulic station to the first hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic through hole, and ensure that the hydraulic system works normally. At this time, the outer tube, the inner tube, the pressure arm assembly and the reaming plate are all in a retracted state, and their maximum diameters are smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit;

[0021] 2) Start the hydraulic station, inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic lower chamber through the hydraulic through hole, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic upper chamber flows back to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through hole. Under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the inner tube begins to move upward along the outer tube. As the inner tube rises, the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm are squeezed, and the expansion plate begins to expand outward. At this time, the alloy block on the expansion plate gradually contacts the hole wall to be expanded;

[0022] 3) During the hole expansion process in step 2), the driving motor of the winding assembly drives the winding roller to rotate, and the four corners of the hole expansion plate are fixed by the first traction rope and the second traction rope to ensure the smooth progress of the hole expansion process; according to the geological conditions and hole expansion requirements, the height of the winding roller is adjusted by the lifting support part, thereby changing the inclination angle of the hole expansion plate to optimize the entry point and reduce the hole wall resistance; the guide assembly slides along the preset pipe through the pressing assembly to ensure the directional stability of the upper pressing arm and the lower pressing arm during the expansion process, and prevent deviation from the predetermined expansion direction due to the hole wall extrusion resistance;

[0023] 4) When the hole expansion reaches a predetermined diameter, the rotation of the outer tube and the inner tube is stopped;

[0024] 5) Through the reverse operation of the hydraulic station, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic upper chamber, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic lower chamber flows back, the inner tube descends, and the pressure arm assembly and the expansion plate are driven to shrink to the initial state;

[0025] 6) Remove the expansion equipment from the hole and prepare for the next stage of construction.

[0026] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0027] The present invention provides a bored pile hole expansion device and a hole expansion construction method, which arranges multiple alloy blocks on the hole expansion plate so that multiple points are subjected to force at the same time during the hole expansion process, effectively avoiding equipment damage or increased construction difficulty caused by excessive force on a single point, and improving the hole expansion efficiency and stability. In particular, when facing complex geological conditions such as hard soil and rock layers, the construction difficulty can be significantly reduced. Through the cooperation of a winding component and a lifting support part, the inclination angle of the hole expansion plate can be dynamically adjusted to optimize the entry point, thereby reducing the hole wall resistance and improving the hole expansion efficiency. The pull rope component and the winding component can stably pull and support the hole expansion plate during the hole expansion process to prevent it from shaking or shifting during the hole expansion process, thereby ensuring the accuracy and quality of the hole expansion, while greatly reducing the risk of falling off and improving the safety of construction. The guide component slides along the preset pipeline through the down-pressing component to ensure the directional stability of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm during the expansion process, effectively preventing the problem of deviation from the predetermined expansion direction due to the hole wall extrusion resistance, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a bored pile hole enlarging device.

[0029] Figure 2 The present invention is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a bored pile hole enlarging device.

[0030] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a bored pile hole enlarging device in another state according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 4 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a guide assembly of a bored pile hole enlarging device.

[0032] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a winding component of a bored pile expansion device.

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of another part of the winding assembly of the bored pile hole expansion equipment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of a winding component of a bored pile hole expansion device.

[0035] Figure 8 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure of a guide assembly of a bored pile hole enlarging device.

[0036] 1. Outer tube, 11. Upper flange, 12. Hydraulic upper chamber, 13. Hydraulic lower chamber, 2. Inner tube, 21. Lower flange, 3. Drill bit, 4. Pressure arm assembly, 41. Upper pressure arm, 42. Lower pressure arm, 43. Pull rope assembly, 431. First traction rope, 432. Second traction rope, 44. Winding assembly, 441. Winding wheel, 442. Winding roller, 443. Pulley, 45. Lifting support part, 451. Support frame, 452. Telescopic rod, 453. Support plate, 46. Guide assembly, 461. Gooseneck tube, 4611. Steel pipe, 462. Steel ball, 47. Lower pressure assembly, 5. Expanding plate, 51. Alloy block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Example 1

[0038] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0039] The present invention provides a bored pile hole enlarging device, which comprises an outer tube 1, an inner tube 2, and a drill bit 3. The inner tube 2 is located below the outer tube 1, and the drill bit 3 is located below the inner tube 2 and connected to the inner tube 2. A first hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the inner tube 2 is arranged in the outer tube 1, and the inner tube 2 moves up and down along the outer tube 1 through the first hydraulic cylinder. An upper flange 11 is arranged at the bottom of the outer tube 1, and a lower flange 21 corresponding to the upper flange 11 is arranged on the inner tube 2. A mutually hinged pressure arm assembly 4 is arranged between the upper flange 11 and the lower flange 21, and a hole enlarging plate 5 is arranged on the pressure arm assembly 4.

[0040] The first hydraulic cylinder includes an upper hydraulic chamber 12 and a lower hydraulic chamber 13. The upper hydraulic chamber 12 and the lower hydraulic chamber 13 are respectively provided with corresponding hydraulic through holes. The upper hydraulic chamber 12 and the lower hydraulic chamber 13 are connected to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through holes.

[0041] The pressure arm assembly 4 includes an upper pressure arm 41 and a lower pressure arm 42. The outer ends of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 are respectively hinged to the upper flange 11 and the lower flange 21. The inner ends of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 are hinged to each other. The expansion plate 5 is located at the hinge point of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 and connected to the hinge point.

[0042] The expansion plate 5 is an arc-shaped plate corresponding to the outer wall of the inner tube 2. The inner side of the expansion plate 5 is rotatably connected to the hinge of the upper and lower pressure arms. The expansion plate 5 is provided with a plurality of alloy blocks 51. The plurality of alloy blocks 51 are located on the outer side of the expansion plate 5 and are linearly distributed in a circumference. The alloy blocks 51 are designed as pyramids. Preferably, the height of the alloy block 51 is between 20 mm and 50 mm, the width is between 10 mm and 30 mm, the inclination angle of the alloy block 51 is between 15° and 45°, and the cutting edge angle thereof is between 30° and 60°;

[0043] In this embodiment, before use and during the drilling operation, the pressure arm assembly 4 is in a retracted state, wherein the maximum diameters of the outer tube 1, the inner tube 2, the pressure arm assembly 4, and the reaming plate 5 are smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 3, and during the drilling operation, the pressure arm assembly 4 and the reaming plate 5 only follow the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 to rotate idly without doing work;

[0044] When in use, the equipment is moved to a suitable position where the hole needs to be expanded, and the hydraulic station starts to work. The hydraulic station feeds liquid into the hydraulic lower chamber 13 through the hydraulic through hole, and at the same time, the hydraulic upper chamber 12 returns liquid to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through hole. The inner tube 2 begins to move upward under the action of the hydraulic pressure, and the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 are squeezed and begin to drive the hole expansion plate 5 to expand outward. The alloy block 51 contacts the inner wall that needs to be expanded, and the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 begin to rotate and drive the pressure arm assembly 4 and the hole expansion plate 5 to rotate at the same time, and the alloy block 51 begins to expand the inner wall of the hole.

[0045] Compared with the prior art, a plurality of alloy blocks 51 are arranged on the expansion plate 5. The alloy block 51 adopts a pyramid design and has a sharp cutting edge, which can cope with complex geological conditions, such as hard rock layers, soft soil layers, etc. The height between 20 mm and 50 mm can ensure that the alloy block 51 has sufficient cutting force and crushing ability without increasing the overall weight and energy consumption of the equipment. The height between 10 mm and 30 mm can increase the contact area between the alloy block 51 and the hole wall, improve the cutting efficiency and stability, and the inclination angle between 15° and 45° can make the alloy block 51 produce a better self-sharpening effect during the cutting process, maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge, and reduce the vibration and energy consumption of the equipment. The cutting edge angle between 30° and 60° can improve the cutting efficiency and crushing ability of the alloy block 51, and reduce the resistance and energy consumption during the cutting process. When the alloy block 51 contacts the hole wall, it can quickly crush and cut the soil or rock, thereby improving the hole expansion efficiency. The alloy block 51 is distributed linearly in a circular pattern on the hole expansion plate 5, thereby ensuring the uniformity of the hole expansion process, avoiding hole quality problems caused by uneven hole expansion, and improving the overall construction quality.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] In the above embodiment, the expansion plate 5 is driven by the pressure arm assembly 4 to expand the inner side of the hole wall. However, when encountering geological conditions such as hard soil and rock, the expansion plate 5 is easily subject to the resistance of the hole wall, which makes the expansion plate 5 unstable and thus shakes or shifts during expansion. In extreme cases, it may fall off due to uneven force or irregular hole wall. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application optimizes the pressure arm assembly 4 based on the above embodiment.

[0048] In this embodiment, the pressure arm assembly 4 is provided with a pull rope assembly 43 and a reel assembly 44 corresponding to the pull rope assembly 43. The pull rope assembly 43 is divided into two groups and is respectively located at the upper and lower ends of the expansion plate 5;

[0049] The pull rope assembly 43 includes a first pull rope 431 and a second pull rope 432. One end of the first pull rope 431 and the second pull rope 432 are fixedly connected to the upper and lower ends of the inner side of the hole expansion plate 5, respectively, and the other end thereof is connected to the winding assembly 44.

[0050] The winding assembly 44 includes a winding wheel 441 and a winding roller 442. The winding wheel 441 is located at both ends of the winding roller 442. The first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432 are in contact with the corresponding winding wheel 441 at one end away from the expansion plate 5 and are wound around the corresponding winding wheel 441. The winding roller 442 is provided with a corresponding driving motor.

[0051] When the present embodiment is in use, when the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 drive the hole expansion plate 5 to expand outward, the motor drives the winding roller 442 to rotate synchronously, and the winding wheel 441 starts to rotate to loosen the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432. When the hole expansion plate 5 moves to the position designated for hole expansion, the motor starts to drive the winding roller 442 to reverse and tighten the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432, thereby fixing the four corners of the hole expansion plate 5 to ensure stability during hole expansion.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the expansion plate 5 is optimized by adding the pull rope assembly 43 and the reel assembly 44, which can ensure that the expansion plate 5 is stably pulled and supported during the expansion process, reduce shaking and deviation, and through the precise control of the reel assembly 44, the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432 can be quickly tightened after the expansion plate 5 moves to the specified position to fix the four corners of the expansion plate 5. This fixing method not only improves the stability of the expansion plate 5 during the expansion process, but also ensures the accuracy and quality of the expansion. The pull rope assembly 43 and the reel assembly 44 can ensure that the expansion plate 5 is always stably pulled and supported, greatly reducing the risk of falling off, improving the safety of construction, and improving the stability and expansion accuracy of the expansion plate 5 under complex geological conditions, while enhancing the adaptability and safety of the equipment.

[0053] Example 3

[0054] In the process of directly expanding the hole through the expansion plate 5 in the above embodiment, there may be a situation where there is greater resistance from the hole wall, especially when encountering geological conditions such as hard soil and rock. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application optimizes the pressure arm assembly 4 based on the above embodiment.

[0055] In this embodiment, the winding roller 442 is arranged vertically in the longitudinal direction, and a corresponding lifting support part 45 is arranged at the bottom of the winding roller 442. The lifting support part 45 includes a support frame 451, a telescopic rod 452, and a support plate 453. The support frame 451 and the telescopic rod 452 are arranged on the lower flange 21, and the support plate 453 is located inside the support frame 451. The bottom of the support plate 453 is fixedly connected to the top of the telescopic rod 452, and slides up and down inside the support frame 451 through the telescopic rod 452. The bottom of the winding roller 442 penetrates into the support frame 451 and is fixedly connected to the top of the support plate 453. The telescopic rod 452 is an existing telescopic drive device, and specifically, an electric push rod can be selected.

[0056] The pressure arm assembly 4 also includes a plurality of pulleys 443 . The first traction rope 431 passes through the pulley 443 and is wound around the winding wheel 441 . A groove corresponding to the first traction rope 431 is provided in the middle of the pulley 443 , and the first traction rope 431 is located in the groove.

[0057] In this embodiment, when the hole expansion plate 5 is moved to the specified position, the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432 have been tightened and fixed, and the telescopic rod 452 begins to expand and contract up and down according to the use demand, thereby driving the winding roller 442 and the winding wheel 441 to move up and down. When the winding wheel 441 moves up and down, the traction position of the hole expansion plate 5 by the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432 changes. When the winding wheel 441 moves upward, the hole expansion plate 5 tilts downward, and when the winding wheel 441 moves downward, the hole expansion plate 5 tilts downward. The plate 5 is tilted upward so that the expansion plate 5 can contact the hole wall at a more appropriate angle, optimizing the entry point, thereby reducing the resistance of the hole wall to the expansion plate 5, and according to different construction requirements, by adjusting the inclination angle and position of the expansion plate 5, the expansion shape can be finely controlled. The pulley 443 can limit and fix the first traction rope 431, and since the first traction rope 431 is located above the second traction rope 432, it is easy to adhere to broken objects, and the groove on the pulley 443 can effectively remove the broken objects.

[0058] Compared with the prior art, dynamic adjustment of the angle of the hole expansion plate 5 is achieved by arranging a lifting support part 45 at the bottom of the winding roller 442, so that the hole expansion plate 5 can contact the hole wall at a more suitable angle, optimize the entry point, and effectively reduce the resistance of the hole wall to the hole expansion plate 5. By adjusting the inclination angle and position of the hole expansion plate 5, construction personnel can achieve fine control of the hole expansion shape according to the specific construction requirements of the project. The multiple pulleys 443 introduced in the pressure arm assembly 4 can not only limit and fix the first traction rope 431, but also effectively remove broken objects that may be stuck on the rope through its groove design, thereby improving the management efficiency and stability of the rope, and reducing construction interruptions and safety hazards caused by rope problems.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] In the above embodiment, during the hole expansion operation, the hole wall often produces a large extrusion resistance to the pressure arm assembly 4, and the expansion direction of the pressure arm assembly 4 is easily affected. Therefore, the embodiment of the present application optimizes the pressure arm assembly 4 to a certain extent based on the above embodiment.

[0061] In this embodiment, the pressure arm assembly 4 further includes a guide assembly 46. The top of the guide assembly 46 penetrates the inner tube 2 and is connected to the outer tube 1. The tail of the guide assembly 46 is connected to the hinge point of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42. The outer tube 1 is provided with a lower pressure assembly 47 corresponding to the guide assembly 46.

[0062] A pipe corresponding to the guide assembly 46 is provided in the inner tube 2, and a bending corner is provided at the bottom of the pipe, and the other end of the bending corner passes through the outside of the inner tube 2. The guide assembly 46 includes a gooseneck tube 461 and a steel ball 462. The gooseneck tube 461 is located inside the pipe, and the tail end of the gooseneck tube 461 is connected to the hinge of the upper pressure arm and the lower pressure arm. The top end of the gooseneck tube 461 is connected to the lower pressure assembly and slides along the pipe through the lower pressure assembly 47. There are multiple steel balls 462, which are located in the linear part of the gooseneck tube 461. The multiple steel balls 462 are squeezed against each other and connected by a connecting rope.

[0063] The top of the gooseneck 461 is provided with an opening, and the bottom of the pressing assembly 47 penetrates the top opening of the gooseneck 461 to squeeze the steel ball 462. The gooseneck can slide up and down along the pipeline driven by the pressing assembly, and bends when passing through the bending corner and extends out of the inner tube 2. The diameter of the steel ball is adapted to the diameter of the gooseneck, so that a plurality of tightly squeezed steel balls 462 can rigidly support the gooseneck 461, so that the whole has a certain supporting capacity.

[0064] A section of steel pipe 4611 is provided on the outside of the tail of the gooseneck 461. The steel pipe 4611 can extend behind the bent corner and connect with the hinge of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42. The steel pipe 4611 can extend into or out of the horizontal section of the bent corner of the pipeline as the gooseneck 461 slides, without affecting the telescopic movement between the upper and lower pressure arms. The provision of the steel pipe 4611 can strengthen the support capacity of the hinge of the upper and lower pressure arms.

[0065] The pressing assembly 47 in this embodiment adopts telescopic equipment in the prior art, such as an electric push rod, a hydraulic cylinder, etc., and its specific structure is not repeated here.

[0066] When in use, the downward pressure assembly 47 of this embodiment applies pressure downward to the steel ball 462, which drives the gooseneck 461 to move downward along the pipeline to guide the hinged rotation direction of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42. The steel ball 462 begins to be in close contact with the gooseneck 461 when under pressure, and supports the gooseneck 461, so that the gooseneck has a certain rigidity as a whole, and prevents the gooseneck 461 from deformation. In the process of the gooseneck 461 moving downward, the steel pipe 4611 at the tail of the gooseneck 461 is synchronously extended out of the inner tube 2 to further rigidly support the extended gooseneck 461, and accurately guides the direction of expansion of the pressure arm assembly 4 toward the outside, ensuring that the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 can expand smoothly in the predetermined direction, ensuring that the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 maintain stable directionality during the expansion process, and can effectively overcome the resistance of the hole wall, thereby completing the hole expansion task.

[0067] Compared with the prior art, the introduction of the guide assembly 46 provides a clear guide path for the pressure arm assembly 4. The gooseneck 461 slides along the preset pipeline through the lower pressure assembly 47, ensuring the directional stability of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 during the expansion process, effectively preventing the pressure arm assembly 4 from deviating from the predetermined expansion direction due to the squeezing resistance of the hole wall during the hole expansion operation, and improving the accuracy and efficiency of the operation. The steel balls 462 are arranged linearly inside the gooseneck 461, and are squeezed and connected by the connecting rope, which enhances the pressure resistance of the guide assembly 46, so that the pressure arm assembly 4 can better resist the squeezing resistance generated by the hole wall, maintain a stable expansion force, and thus successfully complete the hole expansion task. The steel pipe 4611 at the bottom of the gooseneck 461 is located behind the bending corner of the pipeline, close to one end of the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42, which not only provides precise guidance for the expansion of the pressure arm assembly 4 to the outside, but also further enhances the stability of the pressure arm assembly 4 during the expansion process through the support of the steel pipe 4611. This helps to ensure that the upper pressing arm 41 and the lower pressing arm 42 can expand smoothly in a predetermined direction and overcome the resistance of the hole wall.

[0068] The invention also discloses a bored pile hole expansion construction method, comprising the following steps:

[0069] 1) Move the reaming device to a suitable position where the hole needs to be reamed, connect the hydraulic station to the first hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic through hole, and ensure that the hydraulic system works normally. At this time, the outer tube 1, the inner tube 2, the pressure arm assembly 4 and the reaming plate 5 are all in a retracted state, and their maximum diameters are smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit 3;

[0070] 2) Start the hydraulic station, inject hydraulic oil into the hydraulic lower chamber 13 through the hydraulic through hole, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic upper chamber 12 flows back to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through hole. Under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the inner tube 2 begins to move upward along the outer tube 1. As the inner tube 2 rises, the upper pressure arm 41 and the lower pressure arm 42 are squeezed and begin to drive the expansion plate 5 to expand outward. At this time, the alloy block 51 on the expansion plate 5 gradually contacts the hole wall to be expanded;

[0071] 3) During the hole expansion process in step 2), the drive motor of the winding assembly 44 drives the winding roller 442 to rotate, and the four corners of the hole expansion plate 5 are fixed by the first traction rope 431 and the second traction rope 432 to ensure the smooth progress of the hole expansion process. According to the geological conditions and hole expansion requirements, the height of the winding roller 442 is adjusted by the lifting support part 45, thereby changing the inclination angle of the hole expansion plate 5 to optimize the entry point and reduce the hole wall resistance. The guide assembly 46 slides along the preset pipeline through the pressing assembly 47 to ensure the directional stability of the upper pressing arm 41 and the lower pressing arm 42 during the expansion process, and prevents deviation from the predetermined expansion direction due to the hole wall extrusion resistance;

[0072] 4) When the hole expansion reaches a predetermined diameter, the rotation of the outer tube 1 and the inner tube 2 is stopped;

[0073] 5) Through the reverse operation of the hydraulic station, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic upper chamber 12, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic lower chamber 13 flows back, the inner tube 2 descends, and the pressure arm assembly 4 and the expansion plate 5 are driven to shrink to the initial state;

[0074] 6) Remove the expansion equipment from the hole and prepare for the next stage of construction.

[0075] The present invention and its embodiments are described above, which is not restrictive. The drawings show only one embodiment of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In short, if ordinary technicians in the field are inspired by it and do not deviate from the purpose of the invention, they can creatively design a structure and embodiment similar to the technical solution, which should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bored pile hole enlarging device, comprising an outer tube (1), an inner tube (2), and a drill bit (3), wherein a first hydraulic cylinder corresponding to the inner tube (2) is arranged in the outer tube (1), and the drill bit (3) is located at the bottom of the inner tube (2), characterized in that: The inner tube (2) is moved up and down along the outer tube (1) by a first hydraulic cylinder; an upper flange (11) is provided on the outer tube (1); a lower flange (21) corresponding to the upper flange (11) is provided on the inner tube (2); a mutually hinged pressure arm assembly (4) is provided between the upper flange (11) and the lower flange (21); a hole expansion plate (5) is provided on the pressure arm assembly (4); and a plurality of alloy blocks (51) are provided on the hole expansion plate (5).

2. A bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first hydraulic cylinder comprises an upper hydraulic chamber (12) and a lower hydraulic chamber (13), each of which is provided with corresponding hydraulic through holes, and the upper hydraulic chamber (12) and the lower hydraulic chamber (13) are connected to the hydraulic station via the hydraulic through holes.

3. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure arm assembly (4) comprises an upper pressure arm (41) and a lower pressure arm (42); one end of the upper pressure arm (41) and the lower pressure arm (42) are respectively hinged to the upper flange (11) and the lower flange (21); the other ends of the upper pressure arm (41) and the lower pressure arm (42) are hinged to each other and connected to the expansion plate (5).

4. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion plate (5) is an arc-shaped plate corresponding to the outer wall of the inner tube (2); a plurality of alloy blocks (51) are located on the expansion plate (5) and are distributed linearly in a circumference; and the alloy blocks (51) are designed in the shape of a pyramid.

5. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure arm assembly (4) is provided with a pull rope assembly (43) and a reeling assembly (44) corresponding to the pull rope assembly (43), and the pull rope assembly (43) is divided into two groups and is respectively located on two sides of the expansion plate (5); The pulling rope assembly (43) comprises a first pulling rope (431) and a second pulling rope (432), wherein one end of the first pulling rope (431) and the second pulling rope (432) are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the expansion plate (5), and the other end thereof is connected to the winding assembly (44).

6. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The winding assembly (44) comprises a winding wheel (441) and a winding roller (442), wherein the winding wheel (441) is located at both ends of the winding roller (442), the first traction rope (431) and the second traction rope (432) are respectively wound around the winding wheels (441) at both ends, and the winding roller (442) is connected to a driving motor.

7. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The winding roller (442) is designed to be vertical in the longitudinal direction, and a corresponding lifting support part (45) is provided at the bottom of the winding roller (442), and the lifting support part (45) includes a support frame (451), a telescopic rod (452), and a support plate (453), and the support plate (453) is located inside the support frame (451) and is driven by the telescopic rod (452) to move up and down, and the winding roller (442) passes through the support frame (451) and is fixedly connected to the support plate (453); the pressure arm assembly (4) also includes a pulley (443), and the first traction rope (431) passes through the pulley (443) and is wound around the winding roller (441), and the pulley (443) is provided with a groove corresponding to the first traction rope (431).

8. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure arm assembly (4) also includes a guide assembly (46), which passes through the inner tube (2) and is connected to the outer tube (1), and the tail of the guide assembly (46) is in contact with the hinge of the upper pressure arm (41) and the lower pressure arm (42), and a lower pressure assembly (47) corresponding to the guide assembly (46) is provided in the outer tube (1).

9. The bored pile hole enlarging device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A pipe corresponding to the guide assembly (46) is provided in the inner tube (2), a bending corner is provided at the bottom of the pipe, and the other end of the bending corner passes through the outside of the inner tube (2); the guide assembly (46) comprises a gooseneck tube (461) and a plurality of steel balls (462); the gooseneck tube (461) is located in the pipe, the tail of the gooseneck tube (461) is connected to the hinge of the upper pressure arm (41) and the lower pressure arm (42); the top of the gooseneck tube (561) slides up and down along the pipe driven by the lower pressure assembly (47), and the plurality of steel balls (462) are squeezed against each other and connected by a connecting rope; the top of the gooseneck tube (461) is open, the bottom of the lower pressure assembly (47) passes through the gooseneck tube (461) to squeeze the steel balls (462), and a steel pipe (4611) is provided on the outside of the tail of the gooseneck tube (461).

10. A method for enlarging a bored pile, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) Move the hole-expanding device to a suitable position where the hole needs to be expanded, connect the hydraulic station to the first hydraulic cylinder through the hydraulic through hole, and ensure that the hydraulic system works normally. At this time, the outer tube (1), the inner tube (2), the pressure arm assembly (4) and the hole-expanding plate (5) are all in a retracted state, and their maximum diameters are smaller than the maximum diameter of the drill bit (3); 2) starting the hydraulic station, injecting hydraulic oil into the hydraulic lower chamber (13) through the hydraulic through hole, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic upper chamber (12) flows back to the hydraulic station through the hydraulic through hole. Under the action of the hydraulic pressure, the inner tube (2) begins to move upward along the outer tube (1). As the inner tube (2) rises, the upper pressure arm (41) and the lower pressure arm (42) are squeezed and begin to drive the expansion plate (5) to expand outward. At this time, the alloy block (51) on the expansion plate (5) gradually contacts the hole wall to be expanded; 3) During the hole expansion process in step 2), the driving motor of the winding assembly (44) drives the winding roller (442) to rotate, and the four corners of the hole expansion plate (5) are fixed by the first traction rope (431) and the second traction rope (432) to ensure the smooth progress of the hole expansion process; according to the geological conditions and hole expansion requirements, the height of the winding roller (442) is adjusted by the lifting support part (45), thereby changing the inclination angle of the hole expansion plate (5) to optimize the entry point and reduce the hole wall resistance; the guide assembly (46) slides along the preset pipe through the pressing assembly (47) to ensure the directional stability of the upper pressing arm (41) and the lower pressing arm (42) during the expansion process, and prevent deviation from the predetermined expansion direction due to the hole wall extrusion resistance; 4) When the hole expansion reaches a predetermined diameter, the rotation of the outer tube (1) and the inner tube (2) is stopped; 5) by operating the hydraulic station in reverse, hydraulic oil is injected into the hydraulic upper chamber (12), the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic lower chamber (13) flows back, the inner tube (2) descends, and the pressure arm assembly (4) and the expansion plate (5) are driven to shrink to the initial state; 6) Remove the expansion equipment from the hole and prepare for the next stage of construction.

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