Oil well sealing device and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of surface tools, in particular to an oil well sealing device and method.The oil well sealing device comprises a flange plate, a pressing ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjusting assembly and a rear adjusting assembly, and a vertically-through sealing channel is formed in the center of the flange plate; the method comprises the following steps of: (1) fixedly mounting a flange plate between a secondary packing box and a wellhead small four-way joint through flange connection; the polish rod sealing device is reasonable and compact in structure and ingenious in conception, the front sealing body backwards extends out of the front containing cavity by screwing the adjusting bolt, the rear sealing body forwards extends out of the rear containing cavity, and therefore a polish rod is clamped and sealed in the sealing hole, and a pressure source in a well is cut off; and after the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the adjusting bolt is screwed, so that the front sealing body moves forwards and is retracted into the front storage cavity, the rear sealing body moves backwards and is retracted into the rear storage cavity, the sealing channel is opened, the pressure source in the well is recovered, and the device has the characteristics of rapidness, stability and high efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of well tools, and relates to an oil well sealing device and method. Background Art

[0002] In the production of heavy oil, the rod seal device of the pumping well adopts energy-saving rod seal and injection-production dual-purpose seal. Both seals are composed of upper and lower two-level seals, the upper one is the first-level seal and the lower one is the second-level seal. The installed sealing packing needs to be replaced regularly to ensure the wellhead sealing and the normal production of the oil well. When replacing the upper first-level sealing packing, the lower second-level sealing packing can be screwed in to cut off the pressure source in the well for replacement; but when replacing the lower second-level sealing packing, there is no effective device to cut off the pressure source for replacement. Generally, the on-site replacement is carried out by releasing the casing pressure, that is, opening the wellhead casing valve and releasing the casing pressure in the casing before replacement. This pressure release method has been banned according to the construction requirements of green mines. In addition, the casing pressure and temperature of some wells are high and cannot be replaced in time. It is necessary to kill the well or stop the well for a few days before replacement, which affects the operating efficiency of the oil well. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention provides an oil well sealing device and method, which overcomes the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art and can effectively solve the problem of cumbersome replacement of sealing packing in the secondary seal arranged at the lower part of the existing polished rod sealing device.

[0004] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is achieved through the following measures: an oil well sealing device, comprising a flange, a pressure ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjustment component and a rear adjustment component, a sealing channel penetrating from top to bottom is provided in the center of the flange, the sealing channel comprises an upper waist hole section, a middle waist hole section and a lower circular hole section which are connected in sequence from top to bottom, a pressure ring is fixedly installed in the upper waist hole section, the pressure ring is in a waist circular ring shape matching the upper waist hole section, a front sealing body and a rear sealing body are provided in the middle waist hole section, the front sealing body is in a semicircular ring shape opening backwards, the rear sealing body is in a semicircular ring shape opening forwards, a sealing hole which can clamp the corresponding position of the outer side of the light rod is formed between the front sealing body and the rear sealing body; a front adjusting component which can make the front sealing body move forward and backward is provided at the front of the flange, a front receiving chamber which can be formed at the front of the middle waist hole section after the front sealing body moves forward, a rear adjusting component which can make the rear sealing body move forward and backward is provided at the rear of the flange, and a rear receiving chamber which can be formed at the rear of the middle waist hole section after the rear sealing body moves backwards.

[0005] The following is a further optimization and / or improvement of one of the above-mentioned technical solutions: The front side of the flange corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section can be provided with a front mounting hole that can be connected with the middle waist hole section, and the rear side of the flange corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section is provided with a rear mounting hole that can be connected with the middle waist hole section; the front adjustment component includes an adjusting bolt, a rotating rod and a rotating sleeve, and a rotating sleeve located in the front mounting hole is fixedly installed at the center of the front side of the front sealing body, and a T-shaped notch that is narrow in front and wide in the back is provided on the upper side of the rotating sleeve, and a rotating rod with a front end located in front of it is provided in the T-shaped notch, and the rotating rod is T-shaped that is narrow in front and wide in the back, and an adjusting bolt with the front part located in front of the flange is fixedly installed at the front end of the rotating rod, and the adjusting bolt is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole through a threaded connection; a rear adjustment component is provided in the rear mounting hole, and the rear adjustment component has the same structure as the front adjustment component and is symmetrically arranged front to back.

[0006] The outer side of the front sealing body and the outer side of the rear sealing body may be coated with a fluororubber layer.

[0007] The front side of the flange may be provided with a flat cutout, and the rear side of the flange may be provided with a flat cutout.

[0008] An upper sealing ring groove may be provided on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove may be provided on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the lower round hole section.

[0009] The second technical solution of the present invention is achieved by the following measures: A method of using the above oil well sealing device comprises the following steps: (1) The flange is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead small four-way through the flange connection; (2) When replacing the sealing filler in the secondary packing box, adjust the front adjustment component and the rear adjustment component so that the front sealing body and the rear sealing body clamp the polished rod, close the sealing channel, and cut off the pressure source in the well; (3) After the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body is retracted into the front receiving chamber by adjusting the front adjusting component, and the rear sealing body is retracted into the rear receiving chamber by adjusting the rear adjusting component, thereby opening the sealing channel and restoring the pressure source in the well.

[0010] The present invention has a reasonable and compact structure and an ingenious design. By tightening the adjusting bolt, the front sealing body is extended backward from the front receiving chamber, and the rear sealing body is extended forward from the rear receiving chamber, so that the light rod is clamped and sealed in the sealing hole, and the pressure source in the well is cut off; after the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body is moved forward and retracted into the front receiving chamber, and the rear sealing body is moved backward and retracted into the rear receiving chamber by tightening the adjusting bolt, so that the sealing channel is opened and the pressure source in the well is restored. The present invention has the characteristics of being fast, stable and efficient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] Attached Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of embodiments 1 to 6.

[0012] Attached Figure 2 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at AA.

[0013] Attached Figure 3 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at BB.

[0014] Attached Figure 4 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main cross-sectional structure.

[0015] Attached Figure 5 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left-side sectional structure.

[0016] Attached Figure 6 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure.

[0017] Attached Figure 7 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the middle flange.

[0018] Attached Figure 8 For attachment Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the mid-front sealing body and the front adjustment assembly.

[0019] The codes in the accompanying drawings are: 1 is a flange, 2 is a pressure ring, 3 is a front sealing body, 4 is a rear sealing body, 5 is an upper waist hole section, 6 is a middle waist hole section, 7 is a lower round hole section, 8 is a sealing hole, 9 is a front receiving cavity, 10 is a rear receiving cavity, 11 is a front mounting hole, 12 is an adjusting bolt, 13 is a rotating rod, 14 is a rotating sleeve, 15 is a T-shaped notch, 16 is a rear adjusting assembly, 17 is an upper sealing ring groove, and 18 is a lower sealing ring groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] The present invention is not limited by the following embodiments, and specific implementation methods can be determined based on the technical solution of the present invention and actual conditions.

[0021] In the present invention, for the convenience of description, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the attached Figure 1 The layout is described in detail, such as the positional relationship of front, back, top, bottom, left, right, etc., which is based on the attached manual. Figure 1 It is determined by the layout direction.

[0022] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments and drawings: Embodiment 1: As attached Figures 1 to 8As shown, the oil well sealing device includes a flange 1, a pressure ring 2, a front sealing body 3, a rear sealing body 4, a front adjustment component and a rear adjustment component 16. A sealing channel is provided in the center of the flange 1 and is connected from top to bottom. The sealing channel includes an upper waist hole section 5, a middle waist hole section 6 and a lower circular hole section 7 which are connected in sequence from top to bottom. A pressure ring 2 is fixedly installed in the upper waist hole section 5. The pressure ring 2 is in a waist ring shape matching the upper waist hole section 5. The front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 are provided in the middle waist hole section 6. The front sealing body 3 is in a semicircular shape with an opening facing backwards. The rear sealing body 4 is in the form of a semicircular ring opening forward, and a sealing hole 8 capable of clamping the corresponding position of the outer side of the light rod is formed between the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4; a front adjusting component capable of moving the front sealing body 3 forward and backward is provided at the front of the flange 1, and a front receiving cavity 9 capable of being formed at the front of the middle waist hole section 6 after the front sealing body 3 moves forward; a rear adjusting component 16 capable of moving the rear sealing body 4 forward and backward is provided at the rear of the flange 1, and a rear receiving cavity 10 capable of being formed at the rear of the middle waist hole section 6 after the rear sealing body 4 moves backward. During use, the front sealing body 3 is extended backward from the front receiving chamber 9 through the front adjustment component, and the rear sealing body 4 is extended forward from the rear receiving chamber 10 through the rear adjustment component 16, so that the light rod is clamped and sealed in the sealing hole 8, and the pressure source in the well is cut off; after the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body 3 is moved forward and retracted into the front receiving chamber 9 through the front adjustment component, and the rear sealing body 4 is moved backward and retracted into the rear receiving chamber 10 through the rear adjustment component 16, so as to open the sealing channel and restore the pressure source in the well; the front receiving chamber 9 and the rear receiving chamber 10 are formed by setting the middle waist hole section 6, which can not hinder the sealing channel without sealing the well; the upper waist hole section 5 is set, so that the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 are conveniently installed from the top of the flange 1 into the middle waist hole section 6. According to the needs, the pressure ring 2 can be fixedly installed with the flange 1 by four bolts evenly spaced along the circumference.

[0023] The above oil well sealing device can be further optimized and / or improved according to actual needs: Embodiment 2: As attached Figures 1 to 8As shown, a front mounting hole 11 which can be communicated with the middle waist hole section 6 is provided on the front side of the flange 1 corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section 6, and a rear mounting hole which can be communicated with the middle waist hole section 6 is provided on the rear side of the flange 1 corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section 6; a front adjusting component includes an adjusting bolt 12, a rotating rod 13 and a rotating sleeve 14; a rotating sleeve 14 located in the front mounting hole 11 is fixedly installed at the center of the front side of the front sealing body 3; a T-shaped notch 15 which is narrow in front and wide in rear is provided on the upper side of the rotating sleeve 14; a rotating rod 13 with its front end located in front thereof is provided in the T-shaped notch 15; the rotating rod 13 is T-shaped which is narrow in front and wide in rear; an adjusting bolt 12 with its front part located in front of the flange 1 is fixedly installed at the front end of the rotating rod 13; the adjusting bolt 12 is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole 11 by threaded connection; a rear adjusting component 16 is provided in the rear mounting hole; the rear adjusting component 16 has the same structure as the front adjusting component and is symmetrically arranged front to back. During use, by installing the T-shaped rotating rod 13 in the T-shaped notch 15 provided on the upper side of the rotating sleeve 14, when the adjusting bolt 12 is rotated, it is ensured that the front sealing body 3 and the rotating sleeve 14 move forward and backward and can prevent the two from rotating; when replacing the sealing filler in the secondary packing box, by tightening the adjusting bolt 12, the front sealing body 3 is extended backward from the front receiving chamber 9, and the rear sealing body 4 is extended forward from the rear receiving chamber 10, so that the light rod is clamped and sealed in the sealing hole 8, and the pressure source in the well is cut off; after the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, by tightening the adjusting bolt 12, the front sealing body 3 is moved forward and retracted into the front receiving chamber 9, and the rear sealing body 4 is moved backward and retracted into the rear receiving chamber 10, the sealing channel is opened, and the pressure source in the well is restored.

[0024] Embodiment 3: As attached Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the outer sides of the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 are coated with a fluororubber layer. In the process of use, such an arrangement increases the friction force and improves the sealing effect.

[0025] Embodiment 4: As attached Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a flat cutout is provided on the front side of the flange 1, and a flat cutout is provided on the rear side of the flange 1. In the process of use, such an arrangement makes it easy to rotate the adjusting bolt 12.

[0026] Embodiment 5: As attached Figures 1 to 8 As shown, an upper sealing ring groove 17 is provided on the upper side of the flange 1 corresponding to the outer side of the upper waist hole section 5, and a lower sealing ring groove 18 is provided on the lower side of the flange 1 corresponding to the outer side of the lower round hole section 7. During use, a sealing ring is provided in the upper sealing ring groove 17 to ensure the sealing performance of the flange 1 after being fixedly installed with the secondary packing box on its upper part, and a sealing ring is provided in the lower sealing ring groove 18 to ensure the sealing performance of the flange 1 after being fixedly installed with the wellhead small four-way on its lower part.

[0027] Embodiment 6: As attached Figures 1 to 8As shown, a method for using the above oil well sealing device comprises the following steps: (1) The flange 1 is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead small four-way through the flange connection; (2) When replacing the sealing filler in the secondary packing box, adjust the front adjustment component and the rear adjustment component 16 so that the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 clamp the polished rod, close the sealing channel, and cut off the pressure source in the well; (3) After the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body 3 is retracted into the front receiving chamber 9 by adjusting the front adjusting component, and the rear sealing body 4 is retracted into the rear receiving chamber 10 by adjusting the rear adjusting component 16, thereby opening the sealing passage and restoring the pressure source in the well.

[0028] During use, the present invention can effectively cut off the pressure source in the well when replacing the secondary sealing packing at the bottom of the polished rod sealing device, making it easy to replace the sealing packing and realizing quick replacement of the secondary sealing packing.

[0029] The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the present invention, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the requirements of different situations.

Claims

1. An oil well sealing device, characterized in that It includes a flange, a pressure ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjustment component and a rear adjustment component. A sealing channel that runs through the upper and lower parts is provided in the center of the flange. The sealing channel includes an upper waist hole section, a middle waist hole section and a lower circular hole section that are connected in sequence from top to bottom. A pressure ring is fixedly installed in the upper waist hole section. The pressure ring is in a waist circular ring shape that matches the upper waist hole section. A front sealing body and a rear sealing body are provided in the middle waist hole section. The front sealing body is in a semicircular ring shape that opens backwards, and the rear sealing body is in a semicircular ring shape that opens forwards. A sealing hole that can clamp the corresponding position of the outer side of the light rod is formed between the front sealing body and the rear sealing body; a front adjusting component that can enable the front sealing body to move forward and backward is provided at the front of the flange, a front receiving cavity that can be formed at the front of the middle waist hole section after the front sealing body moves forward, a rear adjusting component that can enable the rear sealing body to move forward and backward is provided at the rear of the flange, and a rear receiving cavity that can be formed at the rear of the middle waist hole section after the rear sealing body moves backward.

2. The oil well sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that A front mounting hole that can be communicated with the middle waist hole section is provided on the front side of the flange corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section, and a rear mounting hole that can be communicated with the middle waist hole section is provided on the rear side of the flange corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section; the front adjustment component includes an adjusting bolt, a rotating rod and a rotating sleeve, a rotating sleeve located in the front mounting hole is fixedly installed at the center of the front side of the front sealing body, a T-shaped notch that is narrow in front and wide in the back is provided on the upper side of the rotating sleeve, a rotating rod with its front end located in front of it is provided in the T-shaped notch, the rotating rod is T-shaped that is narrow in front and wide in the back, an adjusting bolt with its front part located in front of the flange is fixedly installed at the front end of the rotating rod, and the adjusting bolt is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole through a threaded connection; a rear adjustment component is provided in the rear mounting hole, and the rear adjustment component has the same structure as the front adjustment component and is symmetrically arranged front to back.

3. The oil well sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The outer sides of the front sealing body and the rear sealing body are coated with fluororubber layers.

4. The oil well sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that A flat cutout is arranged on the front side of the flange, and a flat cutout is arranged on the rear side of the flange.

5. The oil well sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that A flat cutout is arranged on the front side of the flange, and a flat cutout is arranged on the rear side of the flange.

6. The oil well sealing device according to claim 1, 2 or 5, characterized in that An upper sealing ring groove is arranged on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is arranged on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the lower round hole section.

7. The oil well sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that An upper sealing ring groove is arranged on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is arranged on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the lower round hole section.

8. The oil well sealing device according to claim 4, characterized in that An upper sealing ring groove is arranged on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is arranged on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer side of the lower round hole section.

9. A method for sealing an oil well according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The steps include: (1) The flange is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead small four-way through the flange connection; (2) When replacing the sealing filler in the secondary packing box, adjust the front adjustment component and the rear adjustment component so that the front sealing body and the rear sealing body clamp the polished rod, close the sealing channel, and cut off the pressure source in the well; (3) After the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body is retracted into the front receiving chamber by adjusting the front adjusting component, and the rear sealing body is retracted into the rear receiving chamber by adjusting the rear adjusting component, thereby opening the sealing channel and restoring the pressure source in the well.

Images