Well plugging apparatus and method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of well tools, and is an oil well sealing device and method. The oil well sealing device comprises a flange, a pressing ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjusting assembly and a rear adjusting assembly. The flange is centrally provided with a sealing passage extending through from top to bottom. The method comprises the following steps: (1) fixing and installing the flange through flange connection between a secondary packing box and a wellhead small cross. The present application has reasonable and compact structure, and ingenious design. By rotating the adjusting bolt, the front sealing body is extended from the front receiving cavity to the rear, and the rear sealing body is extended from the rear receiving cavity to the front, so as to clamp and seal the polished rod in the sealing hole and cut off the pressure source in the well. After the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the adjusting bolt is rotated to move the front sealing body to the front receiving cavity and move the rear sealing body to the rear receiving cavity, so as to open the sealing passage and restore the pressure source in the well. The present application has the characteristics of rapidness, stability and high efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of well tools, and is an oil well sealing device and method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In thick oil production, the polished rod sealing device of the pumping unit well adopts an energy-saving polished rod sealer and an injection-production dual-purpose sealer. Both of the two sealers are provided with two-stage sealing, the upper part is one-stage sealing, and the lower part is two-stage sealing. The sealing filler needs to be replaced regularly to ensure the wellhead sealing and the normal production of the oil well. When the one-stage sealing filler in the upper part is replaced, the two-stage sealing filler in the lower part can be screwed in to cut off the pressure source in the well for replacement. However, when the two-stage sealing filler in the lower part is replaced, there is no effective device to cut off the pressure source for replacement. Generally, the release of casing pressure is adopted for replacement, that is, the wellhead casing valve is opened, and the casing pressure is released before replacement. This pressure release method has been prohibited according to the construction requirements of green mines. In addition, the casing pressure and temperature of some wells are high, and the sealing filler cannot be replaced in time, and the well needs to be shut down or stopped for several days before replacement, thereby affecting the running rate of the oil well. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides an oil well sealing device and method, which overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art and effectively solves the problem of complicated replacement of the sealing filler in the two-stage sealing device arranged in the lower part of the existing polished rod sealing device.

[0004] One of the technical solutions of the present application is realized by the following measures: an oil well sealing device, comprising a flange, a compression ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjusting assembly and a rear adjusting assembly, the flange is provided with a sealing channel penetrating upward and downward in the center, the sealing channel comprises an upper waist hole section, a middle waist hole section and a lower circular hole section which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom, the compression ring is fixedly installed in the upper waist hole section and has a waist-circular ring shape matched with the upper waist hole section, the front sealing body and the rear sealing body are arranged in the middle waist hole section, the front sealing body has a semi-circular ring shape with an opening facing backward, the rear sealing body has a semi-circular ring shape with an opening facing forward, and a sealing hole capable of clamping the corresponding position of the outer side of the polished rod is formed between the front sealing body and the rear sealing body; the front part of the flange is provided with the front adjusting assembly capable of moving the front sealing body forward and backward, the front part of the middle waist hole section forms a front receiving cavity after the front sealing body moves forward, the rear part of the flange is provided with the rear adjusting assembly capable of moving the rear sealing body forward and backward, and the rear part of the middle waist hole section forms a rear receiving cavity after the rear sealing body moves backward.

[0005] The following is a further optimization or / and improvement of the above-mentioned one of the technical solutions of the present application:

[0006] The front side of the flange plate corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section is provided with a front mounting hole capable of communicating with the middle waist hole section, and the rear side of the flange plate corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section is provided with a rear mounting hole capable of communicating with the middle waist hole section; the front adjusting assembly comprises an adjusting bolt, a rotating rod and a rotating sleeve, the rotating sleeve is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole at the center of the front side of the front sealing body, the upper side of the rotating sleeve is provided with a T-shaped gap in the shape of front-narrow rear-wide, the rotating rod is arranged in the T-shaped gap and has a front end located in front of the T-shaped gap, the rotating rod is in the shape of front-narrow rear-wide T, the adjusting bolt is fixedly installed at the front of the flange plate at the front end of the rotating rod, and the adjusting bolt is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole through threaded connection; the rear mounting hole is provided with a rear adjusting assembly, and the rear adjusting assembly is the same in structure as the front adjusting assembly and is arranged in front-rear symmetry.

[0007] The outer side of the front sealing body and the outer side of the rear sealing body can be covered with a fluororubber layer.

[0008] The front side of the flange plate can be provided with a flat notch, and the rear side of the flange plate is provided with a flat notch.

[0009] The upper side of the flange plate corresponding to the position of the outer side of the upper waist hole section can be provided with an upper sealing ring groove, and the lower side of the flange plate corresponding to the position of the outer side of the lower circular hole section is provided with a lower sealing ring groove.

[0010] The second technical scheme of the present application is realized through the following measures: a method for using the oil well sealing device, comprising the following steps:

[0011] (1) the flange plate is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead small cross through flange connection;

[0012] (2) when the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front adjusting assembly and the rear adjusting assembly are adjusted to clamp the polished rod with the front sealing body and the rear sealing body, close the sealing channel, and cut off the pressure source in the well;

[0013] (3) after the replacement of the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is completed, the front sealing body is retracted into the front storage cavity by adjusting the front adjusting assembly, the rear sealing body is retracted into the rear storage cavity by adjusting the rear adjusting assembly, the sealing channel is opened, and the pressure source in the well is restored.

[0014] The present application has the advantages of reasonable and compact structure, ingenious design, and the like, the front sealing body is extended out of the front storage cavity and the rear sealing body is extended out of the rear storage cavity by rotating the adjusting bolt, so that the polished rod is clamped and sealed in the sealing hole, the pressure source in the well is cut off, after the replacement of the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is completed, the front sealing body is moved forward to be retracted into the front storage cavity and the rear sealing body is moved backward to be retracted into the rear storage cavity by rotating the adjusting bolt, the sealing channel is opened, and the pressure source in the well is restored, and the present application has the characteristics of rapidness, stability and high efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0015] ATTACHMENT Figure 1Front view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0016] Figure 1 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 2 Figure 2 is a front view structural schematic diagram of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 3 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at A-A of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0017] Figure 4 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at B-B of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 3 Figure 5 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at B-B of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 6 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at C-C of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0018] Figure 7 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at C-C of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 4 Figure 8 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at C-C of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 9 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at D-D of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0019] Figure 10 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at D-D of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 5 Figure 11 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at D-D of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 12 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at E-E of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0020] Figure 13 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at E-E of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 6 Figure 14 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at E-E of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 15 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at F-F of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0021] Figure 16 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at F-F of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 7 Figure 17 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at F-F of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 18 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at G-G of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0022] Figure 19 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at G-G of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 8 Figure 20 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at G-G of the embodiment 1 to 6. Figure 1 Figure 21 is a sectional view structural schematic diagram at H-H of the embodiment 1 to 6.

[0023] The codes in the drawings are as follows: 1 is a flange, 2 is a compression ring, 3 is a front sealing body, 4 is a rear sealing body, 5 is an upper waist hole section, 6 is a middle waist hole section, 7 is a lower circular hole section, 8 is a sealing hole, 9 is a front receiving cavity, 10 is a rear receiving cavity, 11 is a front mounting hole, 12 is an adjusting bolt, 13 is a rotating rod, 14 is a rotating sleeve, 15 is a T-shaped gap, 16 is a rear adjusting assembly, 17 is an upper sealing ring groove, and 18 is a lower sealing ring groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The present application is not limited by the following embodiments, and the specific implementation manners can be determined according to the technical solutions of the present application and the actual situation.

[0025] In the present application, the relative position relationship of each component is described according to the layout mode of the drawings in the specification, such as the position relationship of front, rear, upper, lower, left, right, etc., which is determined according to the layout direction of the drawings in the specification. Figure 1 Figure 1

[0026] The present application will be further described below in combination with the embodiments and the drawings:

[0027] Embodiment 1: as shown in the drawings Figures 1 to 8 ​​As shown, the oil well packer comprises a flange plate 1, a compression ring 2, a front sealing body 3, a rear sealing body 4, a front adjusting assembly and a rear adjusting assembly 16. The flange plate 1 is centrally provided with a sealing passage extending through from top to bottom. The sealing passage comprises an upper waist hole section 5, a middle waist hole section 6 and a lower circular hole section 7 which are sequentially communicated from top to bottom. The compression ring 2 is fixedly installed in the upper waist hole section 5 and has a waist-circular ring shape matching the upper waist hole section 5. The front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 are arranged in the middle waist hole section 6. The front sealing body 3 has a semi-circular ring shape with an opening facing rearward, and the rear sealing body 4 has a semi-circular ring shape with an opening facing forward. The front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 form a sealing hole 8 capable of clamping a corresponding position on the outside of a polished rod. The flange plate 1 is provided with the front adjusting assembly capable of moving the front sealing body 3 forward and backward. The front part of the middle waist hole section 6 forms a front receiving cavity 9 capable of receiving the front sealing body 3 after the front sealing body 3 moves forward. The rear part of the flange plate 1 is provided with the rear adjusting assembly 16 capable of moving the rear sealing body 4 forward and backward. The rear part of the middle waist hole section 6 forms a rear receiving cavity 10 capable of receiving the rear sealing body 4 after the rear sealing body 4 moves rearward. In use, the front sealing body 3 is extended rearward from the front receiving cavity 9 by the front adjusting assembly, and the rear sealing body 4 is extended forward from the rear receiving cavity 10 by the rear adjusting assembly 16, so as to clamp and seal the polished rod in the sealing hole 8 and cut off the pressure source in the well. After the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body 3 is moved forward into the front receiving cavity 9 by the front adjusting assembly, the rear sealing body 4 is moved rearward into the rear receiving cavity 10 by the rear adjusting assembly 16, the sealing passage is opened, and the pressure source in the well is restored. The front receiving cavity 9 and the rear receiving cavity 10 are formed by the middle waist hole section 6, so that the sealing passage is not blocked without sealing the well. The upper waist hole section 5 is arranged to facilitate the installation of the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 into the middle waist hole section 6 from above the flange plate 1. According to requirements, the compression ring 2 can be fixedly installed with the flange plate 1 by four bolts distributed along the circumference.

[0028] The oil well packer can be further optimized or improved according to actual needs.

[0029] Embodiment 2: as shown in the accompanying drawings Figures 1 to 8As shown, the front side of the flange plate 1 corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section 6 is provided with a front mounting hole 11 capable of communicating with the middle waist hole section 6, and the rear side of the flange plate 1 corresponding to the position of the middle waist hole section 6 is provided with a rear mounting hole capable of communicating with the middle waist hole section 6; the front adjusting assembly includes an adjusting bolt 12, a rotating rod 13 and a rotating sleeve 14, and the rotating sleeve 14 is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole 11 on the central front side of the front sealing body 3, the upper side of the rotating sleeve 14 is provided with a T-shaped gap 15 in the shape of front narrow and rear wide, the rotating rod 13 is arranged in the T-shaped gap 15 and has its front end located in front of the T-shaped gap 15, the rotating rod 13 is in the shape of T letter, the adjusting bolt 12 is fixedly installed on the front side of the flange plate 1 and has its front end located in front of the flange plate 1, and the adjusting bolt 12 is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole 11 through threaded connection; the rear mounting hole is provided with a rear adjusting assembly 16, and the rear adjusting assembly 16 is the same in structure as the front adjusting assembly and is arranged in front-rear symmetry. In use, the rotating rod 13 in the shape of T letter is installed in the T-shaped gap 15 arranged on the upper side of the rotating sleeve 14, so that the front sealing body 3 and the rotating sleeve 14 can move forward and backward and can avoid rotation when the adjusting bolt 12 rotates; when the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is replaced, the adjusting bolt 12 is tightened to make the front sealing body 3 stretch out from the front storage cavity 9 to the rear, and the rear sealing body 4 stretch out from the rear storage cavity 10 to the front, so as to clamp and seal the polished rod in the sealing hole 8 and cut off the pressure source in the well; after the replacement of the sealing filler in the secondary packing box is completed, the adjusting bolt 12 is tightened to make the front sealing body 3 move forward and be received in the front storage cavity 9, and the rear sealing body 4 move backward and be received in the rear storage cavity 10, so as to open the sealing channel and restore the pressure source in the well.

[0030] Embodiment 3: as shown in the accompanying Figures 1 to 8 The outer side of the front sealing body 3 and the outer side of the rear sealing body 4 are covered with a fluororubber layer. In use, such arrangement can increase the friction and improve the sealing effect.

[0031] Embodiment 4: as shown in the accompanying Figures 1 to 8 The front side of the flange plate 1 is provided with a flat notch, and the rear side of the flange plate 1 is provided with a flat notch. In use, such arrangement facilitates the rotation of the adjusting bolt 12.

[0032] Embodiment 5: as shown in the accompanying Figures 1 to 8 The upper side of the flange plate 1 corresponding to the position of the outer side of the upper waist hole section 5 is provided with an upper sealing ring groove 17, and the lower side of the flange plate 1 corresponding to the position of the outer side of the lower circular hole section 7 is provided with a lower sealing ring groove 18. In use, a sealing ring is arranged in the upper sealing ring groove 17 to ensure the sealing property of the flange plate 1 and the secondary packing box arranged above the flange plate 1, and a sealing ring is arranged in the lower sealing ring groove 18 to ensure the sealing property of the flange plate 1 and the wellhead small cross arranged below the flange plate 1.

[0033] Embodiment 6: as shown in the accompanying Figures 1 to 8As shown, a method for using the oil well packer includes the following steps:

[0034] (1) The flange plate 1 is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead cross by flange connection;

[0035] (2) When the sealing packing in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body 3 and the rear sealing body 4 are clamped to the polished rod by adjusting the front adjusting assembly and the rear adjusting assembly 16, the sealing passage is closed, and the pressure source in the well is cut off;

[0036] (3) After the sealing packing in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body 3 is retracted into the front receiving cavity 9 by adjusting the front adjusting assembly, the rear sealing body 4 is retracted into the rear receiving cavity 10 by adjusting the rear adjusting assembly 16, the sealing passage is opened, and the pressure source in the well is restored.

[0037] In use, the application can effectively cut off the pressure source in the well when the secondary sealing packing of the polished rod sealing device is replaced, facilitate the replacement of the sealing packing, and achieve quick replacement of the secondary sealing packing.

[0038] The above technical features constitute the best embodiment of the application, which has strong adaptability and best implementation effect. Non-essential technical features can be added or reduced according to actual needs to meet the needs of different situations.

Claims

1. An oil well sealing device, characterized in that... The system includes a flange, a pressure ring, a front sealing body, a rear sealing body, a front adjusting assembly, and a rear adjusting assembly. The flange has a centrally located, vertically connected sealing channel comprising an upper waist-hole section, a middle waist-hole section, and a lower circular hole section connected sequentially from top to bottom. A pressure ring is fixedly installed within the upper waist-hole section, forming an oval ring that matches the upper waist-hole section. The middle waist-hole section contains a front sealing body and a rear sealing body. The front sealing body is a semi-circular ring opening backwards, and the rear sealing body is a semi-circular ring opening forwards. A sealing hole is formed between the front and rear sealing bodies to clamp the corresponding position on the outer side of the polished rod. The front of the flange has a front adjusting assembly that allows the front sealing body to move back and forth. The front of the middle waist-hole section forms a front receiving cavity after the front sealing body moves forward. The rear of the flange has a rear adjusting assembly that allows the rear sealing body to move back and forth. The rear of the middle waist-hole section forms a rear receiving cavity after the rear sealing body moves backwards.

2. The well sealing device according to claim 1, characterized in that... The flange corresponding to the middle waist hole section has a front mounting hole on its front side that communicates with the middle waist hole section, and a rear mounting hole corresponding to the middle waist hole section on its rear side that communicates with the middle waist hole section. The front adjustment assembly includes an adjustment bolt, a rotating rod, and a rotating sleeve. A rotating sleeve located in the front mounting hole is fixedly installed in the center of the front side of the front sealing body. The upper side of the rotating sleeve has a T-shaped notch that is narrower at the front and wider at the rear. A rotating rod with its front end located in front of the T-shaped notch is located in the T-shaped notch. An adjustment bolt located in front of the flange is fixedly installed at the front end of the rotating rod. The adjustment bolt is fixedly installed in the front mounting hole by a threaded connection. A rear adjustment assembly is provided in the rear mounting hole. The rear adjustment assembly has the same structure as the front adjustment assembly and is arranged symmetrically front and rear.

3. The well sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The outer sides of the front and rear seals are covered with fluororubber layers.

4. The well sealing device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that... The flange has a flat cut on the front side and a flat cut on the rear side.

5. The well sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that... The flange has a flat cut on the front side and a flat cut on the rear side.

6. The well sealing device according to claim 1, 2, or 5, characterized in that... An upper sealing ring groove is provided on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is provided on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the lower round hole section.

7. The well sealing device according to claim 3, characterized in that... An upper sealing ring groove is provided on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is provided on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the lower round hole section.

8. The well sealing device according to claim 4, characterized in that... An upper sealing ring groove is provided on the upper side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the upper waist hole section, and a lower sealing ring groove is provided on the lower side of the flange corresponding to the outer position of the lower round hole section.

9. A method for sealing an oil well as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that... The steps include the following: (1) The flange is fixedly installed between the secondary packing box and the wellhead small four-way valve through the flange connection; (2) When replacing the sealing packing in the secondary packing box, adjust the front adjustment component and the rear adjustment component to clamp the smooth rod between the front sealing body and the rear sealing body, close the sealing channel, and cut off the pressure source in the well. (3) After the sealing packing in the secondary packing box is replaced, the front sealing body is retracted into the front receiving cavity by adjusting the front adjustment component, and the rear sealing body is retracted into the rear receiving cavity by adjusting the rear adjustment component, thus opening the sealing channel and restoring the pressure source in the well.

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