A soil sampling device for drilling and mining

Abstract

The present invention relates to a soil sampling device for drilling and excavation, including an outer drill pipe, a sampling rod, an outer sampling tube, a sampling drill bit, a sealing pipe, a sealing sleeve, an elastic binding band, a cutting rod, etc. The device utilizes a foldable sealing sleeve to gradually unfold during the process of the soil sample entering, and then effectively seals the sample by tightening with an elastic binding band. The flip-type cutting rod evenly cuts the soil sample driven by the sampling drill bit to reduce disturbance. A sliding groove is provided between the sealing pipe and the guide rod to prevent relative rotation, and sealing liquid can be provided to the drill bit and the drill block through a through hole to reduce wear and block external pollution. The device has a compact structure, is convenient for installation and disassembly, has high sampling efficiency and good sample integrity, and is applicable to fields such as geotechnical engineering investigation and environmental monitoring.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The soil sampling device for drilling and excavation involved in the present invention, in particular, relates to a soil sampling device for drilling and excavation applied in the field of soil sampling. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous in-depth research on the formation structure and soil properties, how to efficiently obtain undisturbed soil samples during drilling construction or engineering investigation, and minimize the disturbance and pollution to the samples has become a key requirement in the fields of geotechnical engineering and geological monitoring. In the existing technology, although various sampling devices can meet the general requirements of drilling and sampling, there is still room for improvement in aspects such as improving the sampling efficiency, sealing quality, and adaptability to various complex formations.

[0003] To solve the above problems, many patents have proposed their respective improvement schemes. For example:

[0004] Chinese Invention Patent CN112855132B discloses a sampling device for automated mechanical drilling. By setting up a rotating motor assembly, a central axis connection assembly, a drill pipe assembly, a drill bit assembly, etc., the rigidity of the device is improved, the risk of breakage is reduced, and the secondary falling of soil is effectively prevented, thereby improving the sampling efficiency and quality. However, this design mainly focuses on improving the overall rigidity and sampling stability of the device, and there are still deficiencies in how to further reduce the external disturbance received by the sample after extraction, and quickly seal the sample and cut off the deep soil, etc.

[0005] Chinese Invention Patent CN110439552B discloses a method and device for multi-phase flow fidelity sampling based on drilling. By arranging a porous pipe, a packer, an automatic multi-way valve, etc. downhole, the separation sampling of multi-phase fluids is realized, and fluid samples such as oil, water, and gas can be obtained in real-time at a fixed depth and with fidelity. Its advantages are simple structure, wide application range, and low long-term use cost. However, this device focuses more on the multi-phase flow fidelity sampling of the fluid system, and the integrity and disturbance control of soil samples are not its main consideration targets, and it cannot meet the needs of many engineering sites for high-integrity soil samples.

[0006] The above designs improve the efficiency and quality of drilling or fidelity sampling by enhancing rigidity, strengthening multi-way valve control, or porous pipe sampling, etc., but there are still certain limitations. For example, the soil sample lacks functions of rapid sealing and cutting in the later stage of drilling, and is easily polluted by the downhole environment. In actual geotechnical engineering investigation and geological monitoring, if the soil sample cannot be sealed or cut in time, it often leads to the loss of the original state of the soil sample due to interference during the extraction process or subsequent transportation. In addition, due to the complex structure and insufficient adaptability to various deep soils of some devices, the economic cost of equipment maintenance and replacement is often increased. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a soil sampling device for drilling and excavation. By arranging a foldable seal and a cutting structure inside the device, in-situ sealing and rapid cutting of deep soil samples during the sampling process are achieved. Measures such as spraying multi-channel sealing liquid are taken to reduce the erosion of external drilling fluid. This device can be widely applied to scenarios such as geotechnical engineering investigation and environmental geological monitoring. While improving the sampling quality and efficiency, it effectively reduces the economic losses caused by soil sampling failure or pollution, and has important promotion value and application prospects.

[0008] A soil sampling device for drilling and excavation includes an outer drill pipe. A sampling rod is slidably connected inside the outer drill pipe. The bottom end of the outer drill pipe is threadedly connected with an outer sampling pipe. The bottom end of the outer sampling pipe is threadedly connected with a sampling drill bit. The bottom end of the sampling rod is threadedly connected with a fixed pipe. A sealing pipe is slidably connected inside the fixed pipe. The bottom end of the sealing pipe is in contact with a seal. The top end of the seal is in contact with the fixed pipe. The top end of the fixed pipe is fixedly connected with a guide rod. A sealing activation pipe is slidably connected along the axial direction of the outer end of the sealing pipe near its bottom end. There are multiple elastic binding bands between the outer wall of the sealing pipe and the inner wall of the sealing activation pipe. A cutting rod is rotatably connected at a position corresponding to the elastic binding bands on the sampling drill bit.

[0009] The top end of the outer drill pipe is fixedly connected with the power part. The top end of the sampling rod is fixedly connected to the outside. A through hole is provided inside the sampling rod, and the through hole is connected to an external sealing liquid system.

[0010] The outer diameter of the outer end of the outer sampling pipe is equal to the outer diameter of the outer end of the sampling drill bit. The bottom end of the sampling drill bit is a conical structure, and the end with a smaller diameter of the conical structure is arranged away from the outer sampling pipe.

[0011] The seal is foldably arranged between the sealing pipe and the fixed pipe. The top end of the center of the seal is in contact with the inner wall of the fixed pipe. The bottom end of the seal is fixedly connected with a fixed ring. The inner diameter of the fixed ring is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic binding band. The seal, the elastic binding band, and the fixed ring are all made of elastic materials. The top end of the sealing activation pipe abuts against the bottom end of the fixed pipe.

[0012] The outer end of the fixed ring is engaged with the inner wall of the sealing activation pipe. The elastic binding band is in an arc-shaped structure, and both ends of the arc-shaped structure are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing activation pipe. After installation, the elastic binding band is in contact with the outer end of the sealing pipe. Multiple elastic binding bands are in a stretched state after installation.

[0013] Sampling holes are provided along the axial direction on the sampling drill bit, and the diameter of the sampling holes is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed pipe. Multiple drill blocks are clamped at the bottom end of the sampling drill bit, and the multiple drill blocks are distributed in a circumferential array around the axis of the sampling drill bit.

[0014] The sealed tube is of a hollow structure, and the hollow part is filled with a sealing liquid. The top end of the sealed tube is connected to the inner wall of the sampling rod through a through hole. The top end of the guiding rod penetrates through the top end of the sealed tube and extends to the upper side of the sealed tube. Sliding grooves are provided on the outer walls of the sealed tube and the guiding rod to prevent the sealed tube, the guiding rod, and the sealing activation tube from rotating relative to each other.

[0015] The bottom end of the sealed tube abuts against the top end of the sealing sleeve near the fixed ring. Through holes that communicate with each other are provided on the sealing activation tube, the outer sampling tube, the sampling drill bit, and the drilling block. The through hole in the outer sampling tube communicates with the inner wall of the outer sampling tube. The through hole on the drilling block penetrates through the drilling block, and the direction of the through hole on the drilling block is parallel to the axis of the sampling drill bit. The diameter of the through hole on the drilling block is smaller than that of the through hole on the outer sampling tube, so that the sealing liquid can be ejected under a certain pressure.

[0016] The cutting rod is rotatably connected to the sampling drill bit through a rotating shaft. A groove that matches the cutting rod is provided at the corresponding position of the sampling drill bit. After installation, the length direction of the cutting rod is parallel to the axis of the sampling drill bit. The distance from the top end of the cutting rod to the center line of the rotating shaft is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft to the center line of the sampling drill bit. When the length direction of the cutting rod is perpendicular to the axis direction of the sampling drill bit, the ends of multiple cutting rods away from the rotating shaft can contact each other to cut the sample.

[0017] In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The outer drill rod can be directly connected to the power part, and the outer sampling tube and the sampling drill bit are driven by the sampling rod for efficient drilling. The overall assembly is carried out by means of threading or sliding fit. The connection between components is compact, and the installation and replacement are fast and convenient, which is conducive to high-frequency and multi-point sampling operations on site.

[0019] 2. The bottom end of the sampling drill bit is designed as a conical structure, and a through hole is provided inside it, so that the sample can smoothly enter the sealing sleeve during the drilling process. The sealing sleeve does not rotate at a high speed together with the sampling drill bit during sampling, and can better fit and protect the outer end of the sample, significantly reducing the disturbance to the side wall of the sample and ensuring a high sampling integrity.

[0020] 3. By designing a folding structure between the sealed tube, the sealing sleeve, and the fixed tube, combined with the tightening effect of the elastic binding band, a closure can be quickly formed at the bottom end of the sample after sampling. At this time, the sample is protected in multiple ways to prevent the intrusion and contamination of external mud or air, especially suitable for sampling scenarios with high soil sensitivity requirements.

[0021] 4. The flip-type cutting rod structure is adopted. Multiple cutting rods can rotate around the axis driven by the sampling drill bit, and rapid and uniform circumferential cutting is achieved through flipping, reducing the damage to the bottom of the sample. The design of the flipping mechanism simplifies the operation steps, and the cutting surface is more neat and smooth, which is conducive to subsequent geological analysis and testing.

[0022] 5. Communication channels are designed on the sealed tube, external sampling tube, sampling drill bit and drill block, which can spray the sealing liquid stored in the sealed tube or conveyed externally at a certain pressure, playing a comprehensive role of lubrication, flushing and sealing. Such liquid channels can not only timely remove debris, reduce the wear of the cutting surface, but also prevent the secondary contamination of the sample by external mud and maintain the original properties of the sample.

[0023] 6. Chute grooves are arranged on the outer walls of components such as the sealed tube and the guide rod, so that each component can only generate displacement along the axial direction and cannot rotate relatively, thus ensuring their position accuracy during the sampling and sample sealing processes, further improving the overall reliability of the device, and also avoiding unnecessary torque loss.

[0024] 7. Key components such as the sealing sleeve, elastic binding band and cutting rod are assembled and fixed in a modular form. After use, they can be conveniently disassembled and cleaned to ensure that the device still has efficient sealing and cutting functions during long-term and repeated use. If on-site modification is required for different strata or special environments, corresponding components can also be quickly adjusted or replaced on the basis of the original structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present application;

[0026] Figure 2 is the overall exploded view of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 is the partial explosion Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 4 is the partial explosion Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 5 is the partial explosion Figure 3 ;

[0030] Figure 6 is the front view of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 is of the present application Figure 6 sectional view A-A in;

[0032] Figure 8 is of the present application Figure 7 sectional view B-B in;

[0033] Figure 9 is of the present application Figure 7 sectional view C-C in;

[0034] Figure 10 is of the present applicationFigure 7 D - D sectional view;

[0035] Figure 11 This is for Figure 7 E - E sectional view of this application;

[0036] Figure 12 This is for Figure 7 F - F sectional view of this application;

[0037] Figure 13 This is for Figure 7 Enlarged view at G of this application;

[0038] Figure 14 Appearance structure diagram of this application.

[0039] Explanation of reference numerals in the figure:

[0040] 1. Outer drill pipe; 2. Sampling rod; 3. Outer sampling pipe; 4. Sampling bit; 5. Fixed pipe; 6. Sealing pipe; 7. Sealing sleeve; 8. Fixed pipe; 9. Guide rod; 10. Sealing start pipe; 11. Elastic binding band; 12. Cutting rod; 13. Fixed ring; 14. Drill block. Specific implementation mode

[0041] The following will make a detailed description of three embodiments of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0042] Embodiment 1:

[0043] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, this embodiment provides a soil sampling device for drilling and opening, which mainly includes components such as outer drill pipe 1, sampling rod 2, outer sampling pipe 3, sampling bit 4, fixed pipe 5, sealing pipe 6, sealing sleeve 7, fixed pipe 8, guide rod 9, sealing start pipe 10, elastic binding band 11, cutting rod 12 and drill block 14.

[0044] The top of the outer drill pipe 1 is fixedly connected to the power part, which is used to provide rotational power and axial pressure, and the sampling rod 2 is slidably connected inside it.

[0045] The top of the sampling rod 2 can be fixedly connected to the outside and communicated with the sealing liquid system. By opening through holes inside the sampling rod 2, the sampling rod 2 can be connected to the external sealing liquid system, which is used to convey sealing liquid to parts such as the sealing pipe 6 or the sampling bit 4.

[0046] The outer sampling pipe 3 is connected to the bottom end of the outer drill pipe 1 by a threaded method, and its bottom end is then connected to the sampling bit 4 by a threaded method. The outer diameter of the outer end of the outer sampling pipe 3 is equal to that of the outer end of the sampling bit 4 to keep the overall shape of the device smooth and reduce the interference to the hole wall during drilling.

[0047] The bottom end of the sampling drill bit 4 has a conical structure, and the smaller end of the conical structure faces the outer sampling tube 3, which is used to reduce the disturbance to the soil sample during drilling and sampling. A sampling hole is provided along the axis of the sampling drill bit 4 for the soil sample to enter the interior of the device. The diameter of the sampling hole is smaller than the inner diameter of the fixed tube 8. Multiple drill blocks 14 are clamped at the bottom end of the sampling drill bit 4, and the multiple drill blocks 14 are distributed in a circular array around the axis of the sampling drill bit 4, which can improve the efficiency of cutting the soil layer and breaking the rock.

[0048] The fixed tube 5 is connected to the bottom end of the sampling rod 2 by a threaded method, and is used to provide installation and support for components such as the sealing tube 6, the sealing sleeve 7, and the fixed tube 8.

[0049] The bottom end of the sealing tube 6 contacts the sealing sleeve 7. The sealing tube 6 can slide inside the fixed tube 5 and has a certain sealing function, so as to achieve the sealing and protection of the soil sample during the sampling process.

[0050] The sealing sleeve 7 cooperates with the bottom end of the sealing tube 6 and the fixed tube 8, and is used to wrap the outer end of the sample during the sampling process, effectively reducing the disturbance to the outside of the soil sample during drilling.

[0051] The top end of the fixed tube 8 is fixedly connected with a guide rod 9 and contacts the top end of the sealing sleeve 7, and is used to cooperate with the sealing sleeve 7 to move upward with the sample during the sampling drilling process.

[0052] The guide rod 9 is installed at the top end of the fixed tube 8 and is used to play a guiding and limiting role during the sampling process, ensuring that the sealing tube 6 and the sealing sleeve 7 always remain coaxial and stable when moving upward.

[0053] The sealing start tube 10 is slidably connected to the outer end of the sealing tube 6 along the axis of the sealing tube 6. The sealing start tube 10 abuts against the bottom end of the fixed tube 5, and multiple elastic binding bands 11 are arranged inside.

[0054] The elastic binding bands 11 are distributed between the outer wall of the sealing tube 6 and the inner wall of the sealing start tube 10, and are used to tighten and compress the sealing sleeve 7 when needed, and finally achieve the closing and fixing of the bottom end of the sample.

[0055] The cutting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the corresponding position of the sampling drill bit 4 and is connected to the sampling drill bit 4 through a rotating shaft. When it is necessary to cut the sample, the cutting rod 12 can cut the sample during the rotation process, so that the soil sample can be smoothly separated inside the sealing sleeve 7.

[0056] The core of the above structure is to use the sampling drill bit 4, the drill blocks 14 and the outer sampling tube 3 for rotary sampling, which is jointly driven by the outer drill rod 1 and the sampling rod 2; after the sampling is completed, through the cooperation of components such as the sealing tube 6, the sealing sleeve 7 and the elastic binding bands 11, the closing and protection of the outer end of the sample are realized.

[0057] Working process

[0058] After using a conventional drill bit to drill the well hole to the target depth, remove the conventional drill bit and replace it with the soil sampling device for drilling and starting in this embodiment. Install the sampling rod 2 inside the device, and connect the top end of the sampling rod 2 to the external sealing liquid system; at the same time, connect the top end of the outer drill pipe 1 to the power component to ensure that the outer drill pipe 1 can apply force axially and drive components such as the sampling rod 2, the outer sampling pipe 3, and the sampling drill bit 4 to rotate.

[0059] The outer drill pipe 1 starts to rotate and drives the internal sampling rod 2, outer sampling pipe 3, sampling drill bit 4, and drill block 14 to rotate together. The conical structure at the bottom end of the sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14 continuously cut the soil layer or rock formation, gradually obtaining the required soil sample.

[0060] During the drilling process, the soil sample enters the device interior along the sampling holes provided on the sampling drill bit 4 and gradually fills the space where the sealing sleeve 7 is located. Since the sealing sleeve 7 and the fixed pipe 8 can slide relative to each other inside the device, when more soil samples enter, the sealing sleeve 7 will continuously sleeve the outer end of the soil sample under the drive of the outer drill pipe 1 and move upward with the soil sample and the fixed pipe 8 to avoid excessive disturbance of the soil sample.

[0061] With the through hole in the sampling rod 2 that communicates with the external sealing liquid system, when necessary, sealing liquid can be transmitted into the sealing pipe 6 through the sampling rod 2 to locally protect or wash the soil sample entering the sealing sleeve 7, so as to reduce the pollution of other drilling fluids to the soil sample.

[0062] When the device drills to the required depth and the soil sample has fully entered the interior of the sealing sleeve 7, the fixed pipe 8 will be pushed by the soil sample to abut against the top end of the sealing pipe 6, indicating that the sampling depth is in place.

[0063] At this time, if further sample sealing or cutting is required, it can be cut through subsequent sealing operations and the cutting rod 12. However, in this embodiment, the main focus is on the basic sampling function and structural layout of the device. Therefore, the cutting process and the tightening process of the elastic binding band 11 will only be started when necessary.

[0064] Through the above working process, the operator can quickly and safely obtain a relatively complete and less disturbed soil sample in the predetermined formation, providing necessary data support for subsequent geological analysis or engineering detection.

[0065] The outer drill pipe 1 can be directly connected to the power component, driving the sampling rod 2, outer sampling pipe 3, and sampling drill bit 4 to rotate at high speed. With the cutting action of multiple drill blocks 14, it can efficiently cut into the formation and greatly improve the sampling efficiency.

[0066] The sampling drill bit 4 adopts a conical structure and is provided with sampling holes. The sample enters the sealing sleeve 7 layer by layer during the drilling process; the conical bottom end of the sampling drill bit 4 is reasonably matched with the outer sampling pipe 3, which can effectively reduce the disturbance to the side wall and bottom of the sample, thus ensuring the integrity of the soil sample.

[0067] The internal through-hole of the sampling rod 2 is connected to the sealing liquid system. When necessary, clean sealing liquid can be delivered to the sealing tube 6 and the sampling bit 4 to help isolate the intrusion of external drilling fluid and reduce the pollution impact on the soil sample.

[0068] The outer drill rod 1 and the outer sampling tube 3 are connected by threads; components such as the sampling rod 2 and the fixed tube 5 are also connected by threads or sliding fits. The overall structure is compact, and it is convenient to assemble and disassemble on-site. At the same time, the outer ends of the outer sampling tube 3 and the sampling bit 4 have the same diameter, which makes it rotate more smoothly in the wellbore, facilitating operation and reducing damage to the wellbore.

[0069] Although the detailed sample sealing process of the cutting rod 12 and the elastic binding band 11 is not elaborated in this embodiment, the device itself already has the conditions for sealing, sample sealing, and cutting. Once higher requirements for complete sample sealing are needed, the cooperation of the sealing tube 6 and the sealing sleeve 7, as well as the flipping and cutting function of the cutting rod 12, can be combined to package and protect the soil sample with higher specifications.

[0070] In summary, on the premise of ensuring the sampling quality, this embodiment combines drilling and mining with soil sampling, and has the advantages of high sampling efficiency, good sample integrity, and compact structure. It can be widely applied in fields such as soil and geotechnical engineering, providing high-quality soil samples for subsequent engineering design and scientific research.

[0071] Embodiment 2:

[0072] As Figures 1 to 14 shown, on the basis of the main structure and sampling function of Embodiment 1, this embodiment further optimizes and improves components such as the sealing sleeve 7, the sealing tube 6, the fixing ring 13, the elastic binding band 11, the sealing start tube 10, and the cutting rod 12, making the device have higher reliability and operability in sample sealing and cutting.

[0073] The sealing sleeve 7 is installed in a folded manner between the sealing tube 6 and the fixed tube 8. Its central top contacts the inner wall of the fixed tube 8, and the bottom is fixedly connected to the sealing sleeve 7 through the fixing ring 13. Thus, in the initial state, it can maintain a contracted or wrinkled shape, facilitating reserving enough space for the sample at the initial stage of drilling and sampling. As the sample continuously enters the inside of the sealing sleeve 7, the sealing sleeve 7 will gradually unfold and closely adhere to the outer end of the sample.

[0074] The inner diameter of the fixing ring 13 is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic binding band 11, and both the fixing ring 13 and the sealing sleeve 7 are made of elastic materials. On the one hand, the elastic materials can provide sufficient flexibility to ensure that the sample will not be overly squeezed when advancing inside the device; on the other hand, the presence of the fixing ring 13 can enable the sealing sleeve 7 to form a reliable support and sealing structure at the bottom.

[0075] The top end of the sealing starting tube 10 abuts against the bottom end of the fixed tube 5. During subsequent sample sealing operations, when the sealing starting tube 10 is pushed upward along the axial direction, it will abut against the bottom end of the fixed tube 5, thereby applying an external force to the elastic binding band 11, causing it to disengage from the outer end of the sealing tube 6 and tightening and closing the sealing sleeve 7.

[0076] Compared with only a simple description of the elastic binding band 11 in Embodiment 1, the installation and clamping method thereof are described in detail in this embodiment.

[0077] The elastic binding band 11 has an arc-shaped structure, and its two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing starting tube 10. After installation, the elastic binding band 11 contacts the outer end of the sealing tube 6 and presents a certain stretched state.

[0078] The outer end of the fixing ring 13 is clamped with the inner wall of the sealing starting tube 10. In the initial state, the fixing ring 13 and the sealing starting tube 10 can be clamped with each other to ensure that the elastic binding band 11 will not contract or shift randomly without applying an additional external force. Only when the sealing starting tube 10 is pushed upward will it drive the elastic binding band 11 to disengage from the outer surface of the sealing tube 6 and squeeze or close the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7.

[0079] In this embodiment, the sealing tube 6 is a hollow structure, filled with a sealing liquid inside, and can be connected to an external sealing liquid system through the through hole in the sampling rod 2. In this way, during sampling and drilling, the sealing liquid can be injected into the sealing tube 6, the sampling bit 4 or the drill block 14 to provide a more perfect sealing and isolation effect for the sample.

[0080] In order to prevent relative rotation between the sealing tube 6, the guide rod 9 and the sealing starting tube 10, corresponding chute structures are provided on the outer walls of the sealing tube 6 and the guide rod 9 in this embodiment. Their cooperation enables these three components to only slide axially and cannot rotate relative to each other. This can not only ensure the positioning accuracy of the sealing tube 6 and the guide rod 9 during drilling but also reduce unnecessary torsional interference during sample sealing and cutting operations.

[0081] Through holes communicating with each other are opened on the outer sampling tube 3, the sampling bit 4 and the drill block 14. These through holes are connected to the sealing liquid system, and the diameter of the through hole on the drill block 14 is slightly smaller than the diameter of the through hole on the outer sampling tube 3. Such a design is mainly used to spray the sealing liquid from the drill block 14 under a certain pressure during sampling to play a role of timely lubrication and sealing, helping to reduce the interference of external fluids such as mud on the sample.

[0082] The bottom end of the sealing tube 6 abuts against one end of the sealing sleeve 7 close to the fixing ring 13. In the bottom area of the device, the sealing tube 6 will keep in close contact with the sealing sleeve 7 to ensure that an effective sealing channel can be formed during both downward drilling and upward tightening processes.

[0083] The cutting rod 12 is rotatably connected to the sampling drill bit 4 through a rotating shaft, and a groove matching the cutting rod 12 is provided at a corresponding position of the sampling drill bit 4. After installation, the length direction of the cutting rod 12 is parallel to the axis of the sampling drill bit 4. When the cutting rod 12 is flipped to a position perpendicular to the axis of the sampling drill bit 4, the end away from the rotating shaft will contact other cutting rods 12, thereby cutting the sample circumferentially.

[0084] The distance from the top end of the cutting rod 12 to the midline of the rotating shaft is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft to the midline of the sampling drill bit 4. This equidistant design can ensure that the cutting rod 12 forms a regular cutting arc when flipping, the cutting action is stable and the force is evenly distributed, reducing the additional damage to the sample.

[0085] Working process

[0086] Combined with the overall working process of the foregoing Embodiment 1, after sampling is completed in this embodiment, the following sealing and cutting operation steps are mainly added:

[0087] During continuous drilling, the sample continuously enters the inside of the sealing sleeve 7 through the sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14. Since the sealing sleeve 7 is folded and its central top contacts the inner wall of the fixed pipe 8 and the bottom end is connected to the fixed ring 13, the sealing sleeve 7 will gradually unfold from the folded state and smoothly wrap around the outer periphery of the sample. At the same time, the sample and the sealing sleeve 7 jointly push the fixed pipe 8 and the guide rod 9 upward until the top end of the fixed pipe 8 abuts against the top end of the sealing pipe 6, indicating that the sampling depth is in place.

[0088] When the sample drilling is completed, the operator can drive the sampling rod 2 to move upward through the outer drill rod 1, so that the fixed pipe 8 continues to push the sealing pipe 6 upward. At this time, the top end of the sealing start pipe 10 abuts against the bottom end of the fixed pipe 5, and the elastic binding belt 11 is pulled outward from the outer end of the sealing pipe 6. Since the elastic binding belt 11 is initially in a stretched state, once it is separated from the sealing pipe 6, they will tighten the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7 from all around under their own elastic force and the action of the sealing start pipe 10, making the sealing sleeve 7 fit more closely to the outer end of the sample.

[0089] With the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7 tightened by the elastic binding belt 11, the fixed ring 13 generates a certain driving force on the cutting rod 12 under the restoring force of the elastic material, so that the cutting rod 12 relies on the rotating shaft to flip to a position perpendicular to the axis of the sampling drill bit 4. When the sampling drill bit 4 continues to rotate or with the assistance of an external force, multiple cutting rods 12 can perform circumferential rotary cutting around the axis of the sampling drill bit 4, thereby cutting the sample from the lower formation. After cutting, the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7 is in a closed state under the action of the elastic force, forming a closed protection for the bottom of the sample.

[0090] During the sampling and cutting process, the sealing liquid filled in the sealing tube 6 will be sprayed out through the reserved through holes on the external sampling tube 3, the sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14, which can provide a certain lubrication and isolation effect for the soil sample, avoid direct intrusion of external drilling fluid, and also reduce the damage to the integrity of the sample caused by the cutting action.

[0091] When in use, first drill to the sampling position with a conventional drill bit, then replace the conventional drill bit with the sampling device, and set the sampling rod 2 in the drill rod;

[0092] When sampling, the sampling rod 2, the external sampling tube 3, the sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14 are driven to rotate by the external drill rod 1. The sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14 continue to drill during the rotation process. At the same time, the sample to be sampled enters the sealing sleeve 7 from the through hole on the sampling drill bit 4. At this time, the sealing sleeve 7 does not rotate with the sampling drill bit 4, so that the sealing sleeve 7 can be better sleeved on the outer end of the sample to reduce the disturbance to the sample. The conical structure at the bottom end of the sampling drill bit 4 cooperates with the central through hole to better drill the sample and reduce the disturbance to the sample.

[0093] During the sampling process, as the device continues to descend, the sample continues to enter the sealing sleeve 7, and the sealing sleeve 7 gradually wraps the outer end of the sample. At the same time, the sample and the sealing sleeve 7 continue to push the fixed tube 8 and the guide rod 9 upward until the top of the fixed tube 8 abuts against the top of the inner wall of the sealing tube 6. At this time, the sample drilling is completed;

[0094] Then, the sealing tube 6 moves upward under the action of the fixed tube 8 until the top of the fixed tube 8 abuts against the bottom of the sampling rod 2. During this process, since the top of the sealing start tube 10 abuts against the bottom of the fixed tube 5, the multiple elastic binding bands 11 are separated from the outer end of the sealing tube 6 under the push of the sealing start tube 10. At this time, the multiple elastic binding bands 11 squeeze the sealing sleeve 7 from multiple directions under the action of their own elastic force, so that the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7 is tightly attached to the outer end of the sample;

[0095] Then, the cutting rod 12 is turned over by the elastic force of the fixing ring 13 until its length direction is perpendicular to the axis of the sampling drill bit 4. During the turning process of the cutting rod 12, the multiple cutting rods 12 are driven by the sampling drill bit 4 to continuously rotate around the axis of the sampling drill bit 4, thereby cutting off the sample. After the sample is cut off, the elastic force of the multiple elastic binding bands 11 closes the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7.

[0096] During the process of drilling and sampling, the sealing liquid in the sealing tube 6 continuously flows out through the through holes on the sampling drill bit 4 to seal the sample, reducing the contamination and disturbance of the drilling fluid to the sample. By wrapping the sealing sleeve 7 handle at the outer end of the sample for sealing, it effectively reduces the disturbance to the sample during the sampling process. Moreover, there is no relative sliding or rotation between the sealing sleeve 7 and the sample, further reducing the disturbance to the sample. During the sampling process, the sealing sleeve 7 gradually sleevs at the outer end of the sealing sleeve 7. After sampling is completed, the sample is automatically cut off, improving the integrity of the sample.

[0097] Compared with Embodiment 1, in this embodiment, a fixing ring 13 is added at the outer end of the sealing sleeve 7, and in cooperation with the elastic binding band 11 and the sealing start tube 10, a more perfect sample sealing mechanism is achieved. After the soil sample is cut off, it is immediately covered by the bottom end of the sealing sleeve 7, greatly reducing the secondary disturbance caused by operation or transportation.

[0098] The cutting rod 12 adopts a flip - type design. Through the cooperation of the fixing ring 13 and the elastic binding band 11, it can automatically switch from a parallel state to a state perpendicular to the axis of the sampling drill bit 4 to quickly cut off the sample. The flip - type cutting not only has simple operation, but also a cutting structure similar to an "annular blade" can be formed between multiple cutting rods 12, and the cutting surface is flat and clean, which is more conducive to the subsequent analysis of the sample.

[0099] In this embodiment, through - holes communicating with each other are added to the outer sampling tube 3, the sampling drill bit 4 and the drill block 14, enabling the sealing liquid to flow to the sampling area with a certain pressure, playing a role in lubrication, flushing and isolation. Coupled with the fact that the sealing tube 6 itself is a hollow structure and can store and continuously supply the sealing liquid, it further ensures the cleanliness and stability of the sampling and cutting processes.

[0100] The sliding grooves provided on the sealing tube 6 and the guide rod 9 can prevent relative rotation between components. At the same time, the elastic binding band 11 is triggered by the way that the sealing start tube 10 abuts against the fixed tube 5. In each link of sampling and cutting, each component can move in cooperation according to the established trajectory, reducing the risk of misoperation and the assembly difficulty.

[0101] Since the fixing ring 13 and the sealing start tube 10 are connected in a mutually clamped manner, and components such as the elastic binding band 11 can be independently replaced or reset, the entire device can be quickly disassembled for cleaning or maintenance after use, which is conducive to subsequent maintenance.

[0102] In summary, on the basis of Embodiment 1, this embodiment further improves the sealing, fixing and cutting mechanisms. Through the coordinated action of the foldable sealing sleeve 7, the elastic binding band 11 and the cutting rod 12, etc., it realizes the rapid, accurate packaging and stable cutting of the sample, not only maintaining the integrity of the soil sample, but also being convenient for subsequent storage and transportation, and is applicable to various engineering and scientific research projects that require high - quality soil samples.

[0103] Combined with the current actual requirements, the above-described embodiments adopted in the present application, the scope of protection is not limited thereto. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes made without departing from the concept of the present application still fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for drilling and mining, comprising an outer drill pipe (1), characterized in that: A sampling rod (2) is slidably connected inside the outer drill pipe (1). The bottom end of the outer drill pipe (1) is threadedly connected to an outer sampling pipe (3). The bottom end of the outer sampling pipe (3) is threadedly connected to a sampling drill bit (4). The bottom end of the sampling rod (2) is threadedly connected to a first fixing pipe (5). A sealing pipe (6) is slidably connected inside the first fixing pipe (5). A sealing sleeve (7) is arranged in contact with the bottom end of the sealing pipe (6). A second fixing pipe (8) is arranged in contact with the top end of the sealing sleeve (7). A guiding rod (9) is fixedly connected to the top end of the second fixing pipe (8). A sealing starting pipe (10) is slidably connected to the outer end of the sealing pipe (6) near its bottom end along its axis. A plurality of elastic binding bands (11) are arranged between the outer wall of the sealing pipe (6) and the inner wall of the sealing starting pipe (10). A cutting rod (12) is rotatably connected to the sampling drill bit (4) at a position corresponding to the elastic binding band (11). The sealing sleeve (7) is folded between the sealing pipe (6) and the second fixing pipe (8), and the central top end of the sealing sleeve (7) is in contact with the inner wall of the second fixing pipe (8). A fixing ring (13) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing sleeve (7). The inner diameter of the fixing ring (13) is larger than the inner diameter of the elastic binding band (11). The sealing sleeve (7), the elastic binding bands (11) and the fixing ring (13) are all made of elastic materials. The top end of the sealing starting pipe (10) abuts against the bottom end of the first fixing pipe (5). The outer end of the fixing ring (13) is snap-fitted with the inner wall of the sealing starting pipe (10). The elastic binding bands (11) are in a circular arc structure, and both ends of the circular arc structure are fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sealing starting pipe (10). After installation, the elastic binding bands (11) are in contact with the outer end of the sealing pipe (6). A plurality of the elastic binding bands (11) are in a stretched state after installation. The bottom end of the sealing pipe (6) abuts against the top end of the sealing sleeve (7) near the fixing ring (13). Through holes communicating with each other are formed in the sealing starting pipe (10), the outer sampling pipe (3), the sampling drill bit (4) and the drill block (14). The through hole in the outer sampling pipe (3) communicates with the inner wall of the outer sampling pipe (3). The through hole in the drill block (14) penetrates through the drill block (14), and the direction of the through hole in the drill block (14) is parallel to the axis of the sampling drill bit (4). The diameter of the through hole in the drill block (14) is smaller than the diameter of the through hole in the outer sampling pipe (3), so as to enable the sealing liquid to be ejected with a certain pressure. The cutting rod (12) is rotatably connected to the sampling drill bit (4) through a rotating shaft. A groove matching with the cutting rod (12) is formed in the sampling drill bit (4) at a position corresponding to the cutting rod (12). After installation, the length direction of the cutting rod (12) is parallel to the axis of the sampling drill bit (4). The distance from the top end of the cutting rod (12) to the center line of the rotating shaft is equal to the distance from the rotating shaft to the center line of the sampling drill bit (4). When the length direction of the cutting rod (12) is perpendicular to the axis direction of the sampling drill bit (4), the ends of a plurality of cutting rods (12) away from the rotating shaft can contact each other to cut the sample.

2. The soil sampling device for drilling and mining according to claim 1, wherein: The top end of the outer drill pipe (1) is fixedly connected to the power part, the top end of the sampling rod (2) is fixedly connected to the outside, a through hole is formed in the sampling rod (2), and the through hole is connected to an external sealing liquid system.

3. The soil sampling device for drilling and mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer diameter of the outer sampling tube (3) is equal to the outer diameter of the sampling drill bit (4), the bottom end of the sampling drill bit (4) is of a conical structure, and the end with a smaller diameter of the conical structure is arranged away from the outer sampling tube (3).

4. A soil sampling device for drilling and mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sampling hole is formed in the sampling drill bit (4) along its axis direction, and the diameter of the sampling hole is smaller than the inner wall diameter of the second fixed pipe (8). A plurality of drill blocks (14) are clamped at the bottom end of the sampling drill bit (4), and the plurality of drill blocks (14) are distributed in a circumferential array around the axis of the sampling drill bit (4).

5. The soil sampling device for drilling and mining according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing pipe (6) is of a hollow structure, and the hollow part is filled with sealing liquid. The top end of the sealing pipe (6) is communicated with the inner wall of the sampling rod (2) through a through hole. The top end of the guide rod (9) penetrates through the top end of the sealing pipe (6) and extends to the upper side of the sealing pipe (6). Sliding grooves are formed in the outer walls of the sealing pipe (6) and the guide rod (9) to keep the sealing pipe (6), the guide rod (9) and the sealing starting pipe (10) from rotating relative to each other.

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