Alloy rapid supporting device for coal mine tunnel and mounting method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of roadway supporting, and discloses a coal mine roadway alloy rapid supporting device and a mounting method.The coal mine roadway alloy rapid supporting device comprises a first alloy support and a second alloy support, fixing mechanisms are arranged at the tops of the first alloy support and the second alloy support, and a rapid splicing mechanism is arranged at the top end of the first alloy support; a reminding mechanism is arranged on the outer side of the rapid splicing mechanism. The fixing mechanism comprises first piston cylinders, the first piston cylinders are fixedly connected to inner cavities of the first alloy support and the second alloy support respectively, and a plurality of first piston cylinders are arranged in the inner cavities of the first alloy support and the second alloy support. After the first alloy support and the second alloy support are installed and before filling, the fixing blocks can be inserted into the uneven grooves of the tunnel surrounding rock, and the stability of the first alloy support and the second alloy support is ensured; the fixing blocks can also improve the connection strength between the first alloy support and the filling material and between the second alloy support and the filling material.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel support, and specifically relates to a coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device and an installation method. Background Art

[0002] In the process of tunnel construction, such as subway tunnels and mine tunnels, alloy support devices are needed to strengthen the support of the tunnel, thereby improving the stability of the tunnel during subsequent use; The Chinese invention application with application number 202311430571.4 discloses a rapid support device and a tunnel support method. The rapid support device includes multiple groups of splicing structures; each group of splicing structures is composed of at least two or more annular support bodies; the tunnel support method is: tunnel expansion, installation of rapid support devices and paving of the tunnel bottom. The assembled top plate is asymmetrically arranged, so that the connection of the assembled top plate is not on the same horizontal line of the tunnel radial direction, which increases the stability of the rapid support device in supporting the tunnel; During use, the above application can quickly splice the support, and after the support is installed, it is necessary to fill the support and the surrounding rock with filling materials to ensure the stability of the support. However, before filling, it is often necessary to complete the installation of all the supports in this section of the tunnel before filling. This results in a large gap between some uneven tunnel surrounding rocks and the support, resulting in tilting before filling, and after filling, the stability is insufficient if it relies solely on the filler for support. Summary of the invention

[0003] The object of the present invention is to provide a coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device and an installation method to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device, comprising alloy support one and alloy support two, the tops of the alloy support one and alloy support two are both provided with fixing mechanisms, the top of the alloy support one is provided with a rapid splicing mechanism, and the outer side of the rapid splicing mechanism is provided with a reminder mechanism; The fixing mechanism comprises a piston cylinder 1, and the piston cylinder 1 is fixedly connected to the inner cavities of alloy support 1 and alloy support 2 respectively, and there are multiple piston cylinders 1 in the inner cavities of alloy support 1 and alloy support 2, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 is fixedly connected with a support spring, and the top of the support spring is fixedly connected with a piston shaft 1, and the top of the piston shaft 1 passes through the piston cylinder 1 and is fixedly connected with a fixing block, and the inner cavity at the bottom end of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected with a spring assembly 1, and the top of the spring assembly 1 is fixedly connected with an arc plate, and the inner cavity of the arc plate is fixedly connected with a locking rod, and the locking rod is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixing block, and the end of the arc plate away from the spring assembly 1 is fixedly connected with an inclined plate, and the bottom end of the inclined plate is fixedly connected with a fixing rod; The quick splicing mechanism includes a ratchet plate 1, which is fixedly connected to the top of the alloy support 2, a locking hole 1 is opened at the center of the ratchet plate 1, the inner cavity of the top of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected to a spring assembly 2, the top of the spring assembly 2 is fixedly connected to the ratchet plate 2, the top of the inner side of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder 3, the top of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 is fixedly connected to a return spring, the bottom of the return spring is fixedly connected to a piston shaft 2, and the top of the piston shaft 2 is fixedly connected to a ratchet plug rod.

[0005] Preferably, the reminder mechanism includes a vent pipe, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of piston cylinder one, and one end of the vent pipe away from piston cylinder one is fixedly connected to piston cylinder three, and the top of piston cylinder three is fixedly connected to an external tube, and piston shaft two is located below the connection between the vent pipe and piston cylinder three.

[0006] Preferably, a fixing groove is provided in the middle of the ratchet plug rod, the fixing rod is plugged into the inner cavity of the fixing groove, a locking hole 2 is provided at the top of the alloy support 1, and the ratchet plug rod is located below the locking hole 2.

[0007] Preferably, the inclined plate is located on the moving path of the ratchet plate 1, and the arc plate is movably connected to the alloy support 1.

[0008] Preferably, the spring assembly one and the spring assembly two are both composed of a damping telescopic rod and a mounting spring, the damping telescopic rod and the mounting spring located at the top of the alloy support one are respectively fixedly connected to the ratchet plate two and the alloy support one at their upper and lower ends, and the damping telescopic rod and the mounting spring located in the bottom inner cavity of the alloy support one are respectively fixedly connected to the arc plate and the alloy support one at their upper and lower ends.

[0009] Preferably, the reminder mechanism also includes an exhaust pipe, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder three, and the end of the exhaust pipe away from the piston cylinder three is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder two, the inner cavity of the piston cylinder two is fixedly connected to a fixed spring, the side of the fixed spring close to the piston cylinder three is fixedly connected to a piston plate, the side of the piston plate close to the fixed spring is fixedly connected to a connecting block, and the side of the piston cylinder two away from the exhaust pipe is fixedly connected to the power-carrying tube.

[0010] Preferably, a positive electrode sheet is fixedly connected to the top of the power-conducting tube, a negative electrode sheet is fixedly connected to the bottom of the power-conducting tube, the positive electrode sheet and the negative electrode sheet are located on the moving path of the connecting block, a signal transmitter is fixedly connected to the side of the power-conducting tube away from the second piston cylinder, and the positive electrode sheet, the negative electrode sheet and the signal transmitter are electrically connected.

[0011] Preferably, the bottom ends of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 are both provided with bottom supports, and the bottom supports are provided with a connecting frame on the side of the bottom supports away from the alloy support 1.

[0012] A method for installing an alloy rapid support device for a coal mine tunnel comprises inserting a ratchet plate 1 on an alloy support 2 into an inner cavity of the alloy support 1, and allowing the ratchet plate 1 to enter the inner cavity of the alloy support 1 along the teeth of the ratchet plate 2 through the elasticity of a spring assembly 2 and a reset spring. When the ratchet plate 1 contacts an inclined plate, the inclined plate is pushed toward the direction of an arc plate along the inclined surface of the inclined plate, so that the arc plate drives a locking rod to leave the inner cavity of a fixed block, thereby releasing the position limit on the fixed block. At this time, the thrust of the support spring drives a piston shaft 1 to move toward the outer side of the alloy support 1, thereby driving the fixed block to be inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock and closely fit with a groove in the surrounding rock. At this time, since the bottom of the piston cylinder 1 is connected to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 through the ventilation pipe, and the piston shaft 2 is located below the connection between the ventilation pipe and the piston cylinder 3, the ventilation pipe is connected to the external air through the piston cylinder 3 and the external pipe, so that when the support spring drives the piston shaft 1 to move upward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1, the external air can be replenished into the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1; When the locking hole 1 moves to the ratchet plug rod, the elasticity of the reset spring drives the ratchet plug rod to move upward through the locking hole 1 and the locking hole 2, thereby locking and fixing the ratchet plate 1 and the alloy support 1, completing the rapid splicing of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2; At this time, the return spring is located above the connection between the vent pipe and the piston cylinder three. At this time, the vent pipe is connected with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder two through the piston cylinder three and the exhaust pipe, thereby making the inner cavity of the piston cylinder one airtight; Then connect the ratchet plate 1 on the bottom support with the alloy support 2, and then fill the filling material into the gap between the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 and the tunnel surrounding rock. In the future use, if the force applied to the alloy support 1 or the alloy support 2 is abnormal, the fixed block will be subjected to force, and the fixed block will drive the piston shaft 1 to descend in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1, thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the support spring through the ventilation pipe, the fixed spring, and the exhaust pipe to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2, driving the piston plate to move in the direction of the power tube. When the connecting block contacts the positive and negative plates, the positive plate, the connecting block, and the negative plate are connected in series, and the signal transmitter sends a signal to alert the staff.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The present invention realizes the fast and simple splicing of alloy support one and alloy support two without the aid of bolts and other components through the clamping connection between ratchet plate one and ratchet plate two, and the plugging of ratchet plug rods, and ensures the stability of the splicing between alloy support one and alloy support two. After alloy support one and alloy support two are installed and before filling, the fixing block can be plugged into the uneven groove of the tunnel surrounding rock, ensuring the stability of alloy support one and alloy support two. After filling, the fixing block can also increase the connection strength between alloy support one and alloy support two and the filling material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the structural connection of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the positions of the structural alloy support 2 and the alloy support 1 of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the position of a structural spring assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The connection diagram at A is enlarged; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal connection of the structural alloy support of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The connection diagram at B is enlarged; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the three connections of the piston cylinder structure of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the connection between the structural fixing block and the locking rod of the present invention.

[0015] In the figure: 1, alloy support 1; 2, alloy support 2; 3, fixing mechanism; 31, piston cylinder 1; 32, support spring; 33, piston shaft 1; 34, fixing block; 35, spring assembly 1; 36, arc plate; 361, locking rod; 37, inclined plate; 38, fixing rod; 39, fixing groove; 4, reminder mechanism; 41, ventilation pipe; 411, external pipe; 42, exhaust pipe; 43, piston cylinder 2; 44, fixing spring; 45, piston plate; 46. ​​Connecting block; 47. Power supply tube; 471. Positive electrode; 472. Negative electrode; 48. Signal transmitter; 5. Quick splicing mechanism; 51. Ratchet plate one; 52. Locking hole one; 53. Spring assembly two; 531. Damping telescopic rod; 532. Mounting spring; 54. Ratchet plate two; 55. Piston cylinder three; 56. Reset spring; 57. Piston shaft two; 58. Ratchet plug-in rod; 581. Locking hole two; 6. Bottom support; 7. Connecting frame. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0016] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device, including alloy support 1 and alloy support 2, the tops of alloy support 1 and alloy support 2 are both provided with a fixing mechanism 3, the top of alloy support 1 is provided with a rapid splicing mechanism 5, and the outer side of the rapid splicing mechanism 5 is provided with a reminder mechanism 4; The fixing mechanism 3 includes a piston cylinder 31, which is fixedly connected to the inner cavities of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2, respectively. There are multiple piston cylinders 31 in the inner cavities of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2, and the bottom of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 31 is fixedly connected with a support spring 32, and the top of the support spring 32 is fixedly connected with a piston shaft 33. The top of the piston shaft 33 passes through the piston cylinder 31 and is fixedly connected with a fixed block 34. The inner cavity at the bottom end of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected with a spring assembly 35, and the top of the spring assembly 35 is fixedly connected with an arc plate 36. The inner cavity of the arc plate 36 is fixedly connected with a locking rod 361, and the locking rod 361 is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixing block 34. The end of the arc plate 36 away from the spring assembly 35 is fixedly connected with an inclined plate 37, and the bottom end of the inclined plate 37 is fixedly connected with a fixing rod 38. The quick splicing mechanism 5 includes a ratchet plate 51, which is fixedly connected to the top of the alloy support 2, and a locking hole 52 is opened at the center of the ratchet plate 51. The inner cavity at the top of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected to a spring assembly 2 53, and the top of the spring assembly 2 53 is fixedly connected to a ratchet plate 2 54. The top of the inner side of the alloy support 1 is fixedly connected to a piston cylinder 3 55, and the top of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 55 is fixedly connected to a return spring 56. The bottom of the return spring 56 is fixedly connected to a piston shaft 2 57, and the top of the piston shaft 2 57 is fixedly connected to a ratchet plug rod 58.

[0018] The reminder mechanism 4 includes a vent pipe 41, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder 31, and one end of the vent pipe 41 away from the piston cylinder 31 is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder 3 55, and the top of the piston cylinder 3 55 is fixedly connected with an external tube 411, and the piston shaft 2 57 is located below the connection between the vent pipe 41 and the piston cylinder 3 55.

[0019] A fixing groove 39 is provided in the middle of the ratchet plug rod 58 , and the fixing rod 38 is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixing groove 39 . A locking hole 2 581 is provided at the top of the alloy support 1 , and the ratchet plug rod 58 is located below the locking hole 2 581 .

[0020] The inclined plate 37 is located on the moving path of the ratchet plate 51, and the arc plate 36 is movably connected to the alloy support 1.

[0021] Spring assembly 1 35 and spring assembly 2 53 are both composed of a damping telescopic rod 531 and a mounting spring 532. The upper and lower ends of the damping telescopic rod 531 and the mounting spring 532 located at the top of the alloy support 1 are fixedly connected to the ratchet plate 2 54 and the alloy support 1 respectively, and the upper and lower ends of the damping telescopic rod 531 and the mounting spring 532 located in the bottom inner cavity of the alloy support 1 are fixedly connected to the arc plate 36 and the alloy support 1 respectively.

[0022] In this embodiment, the alloy support 1 is first installed in the tunnel through the bottom support 6, and then the alloy support 2 is pushed toward the direction of the alloy support 1, so that the ratchet plate 1 51 moves toward the direction of the ratchet plate 2 54. At this time, the elasticity of the spring assembly 2 53 and the return spring 56 allows the ratchet plate 2 54 and the ratchet plug rod 58 to move, so that the ratchet plate 1 51 can move stably, and because the teeth of the ratchet plate 1 51 are arranged toward the ratchet plate 2 54, it is more convenient to push the ratchet plate 1 51 toward the ratchet plate 2 54, and the force applied to the ratchet plate 2 54 by the spring assembly 2 53 will not cause the ratchet plate 1 51 to slip between the ratchet plate 2 54 and the ratchet plate 2 54. When the ratchet plate 1 51 moves, it also contacts the inclined surface of the inclined plate 37, and then gradually pushes the inclined plate 37 in the direction of the arc plate 36, thereby driving the arc plate 36 to move, and the arc plate 36 drives the locking rod 361 to move out of the inner cavity of the fixed block 34. At this time, the fixed block 34 loses its limit, and then through the thrust of the support spring 32, the piston shaft 1 33 and the fixed block 34 are driven to move outward, and then the fixed block 34 is inserted into the uneven place of the tunnel surrounding rock, and fits tightly with the surrounding rock. At this time, since the piston shaft 2 57 is still located below the connection between the ventilation pipe 41 and the piston cylinder 3 55, the piston cylinder 1 31 can be connected to the external air through the ventilation pipe 41, the piston cylinder 3 55, and the external tube 411, and the air is drawn into the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31 as the piston shaft 1 33 moves; When the ratchet plate 1 51 completely pushes the inclined plate 37 away, the inclined plate 37 drives the fixing rod 38 to be pulled out from the inner cavity of the fixing groove 39. At this time, the locking hole 1 52 is located above the ratchet plug-in rod 58. Then, the elasticity of the reset spring 56 drives the ratchet plug-in rod 58 to pass through the locking hole 1 52 and the locking hole 2 581, so that the ratchet plate 1 51 and the ratchet plate 2 54 are plugged and locked, and then the alloy support 1 1 and the alloy support 2 2 are quickly installed, and bolts and other parts are no longer needed, and the splicing of the alloy support 1 1 and the alloy support 2 2 can be completed, which is more convenient and efficient. At this time, the piston shaft 2 57 is located above the connection between the vent pipe 41 and the piston cylinder 3 55, so that the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 55 and the space below the piston shaft 2 57 are sealed. At this time, the vent pipe 41 is connected with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 43 through the piston cylinder 3 55 and the exhaust pipe 42, so that the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31 is no longer circulated, and the position of the fixing block 34 is locked and fixed, so that the fixing block 34 is inserted into the groove of the uneven tunnel surrounding rock, temporarily ensuring the stability of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 2, and avoiding the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 2 from tilting due to the uneven surrounding rock before filling; Then, the bottom support 6 is connected to the bottom of the alloy support 2, and then the filling material is filled into the gap between the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 and the tunnel surrounding rock. After the filling is completed, the connection strength between the filling material and the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 is improved by the fixing block 34, so as to further ensure the stability of the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 after filling.

[0023] like Figures 1 to 7As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnels, wherein the reminder mechanism 4 also includes an exhaust pipe 42, which is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder three 55, and the end of the exhaust pipe 42 away from the piston cylinder three 55 is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder two 43, and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder two 43 is fixedly connected to the fixed spring 44, and the side of the fixed spring 44 close to the piston cylinder three 55 is fixedly connected to the piston plate 45, and the side of the piston plate 45 close to the fixed spring 44 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 46, and the side of the piston cylinder two 43 away from the exhaust pipe 42 is fixedly connected to the power supply pipe 47.

[0024] A positive electrode sheet 471 is fixedly connected to the top of the power-carrying tube 47, and a negative electrode sheet 472 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the power-carrying tube 47. The positive electrode sheet 471 and the negative electrode sheet 472 are located on the moving path of the connecting block 46. A signal transmitter 48 is fixedly connected to the side of the power-carrying tube 47 away from the piston cylinder 43. The positive electrode sheet 471, the negative electrode sheet 472 and the signal transmitter 48 are electrically connected.

[0025] The bottom ends of alloy support 1 and alloy support 2 are both provided with bottom supports 6, and a connecting frame 7 is provided on the side of bottom support 6 away from alloy support 1.

[0026] In this embodiment, when the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 are used subsequently, if the force applied by the tunnel to the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 increases abnormally, the fixed block 34 will be squeezed first. When the fixed block 34 is squeezed and moved, the piston shaft 1 33 will be driven to move in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31, thereby pushing the air in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31 into the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 55 through the ventilation pipe 41, and then entering the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 43 through the piston cylinder 3 55 and the exhaust pipe 42, thereby driving the piston plate 45 to move toward the direction of the connecting block 46, so that the connecting block 46 contacts the positive electrode plate 471 and the negative electrode plate 472. At this time, the positive electrode plate 471, the connecting block 46, and the negative electrode plate 472 are connected in series, thereby triggering the signal transmitter 48 to sound an alarm to remind the staff so that the staff can quickly check the abnormal points.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 8As shown, the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for installing an alloy rapid support device for a coal mine tunnel, wherein the ratchet plate 51 on the alloy support 2 is inserted into the inner cavity of the alloy support 1, and the ratchet plate 51 enters the inner cavity of the alloy support 1 along the teeth of the ratchet plate 54 through the elasticity of the spring assembly 2 53 and the reset spring 56. When the ratchet plate 51 contacts the inclined plate 37, the inclined plate 37 is pushed toward the direction of the arc plate 36 along the inclined surface of the inclined plate 37, so that the arc plate 36 drives the locking rod 361 to leave the inner cavity of the fixed block 34, thereby releasing the limit on the fixed block 34. At this time, the thrust of the support spring 32 drives the piston shaft 33 to move toward the outside of the alloy support 1, thereby driving the fixed block 34 to be inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock and tightly fit with the groove in the surrounding rock. At this time, since the bottom of the piston cylinder 1 31 is connected with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 55 through the ventilation pipe 41, and the piston shaft 2 57 is located below the connection between the ventilation pipe 41 and the piston cylinder 3 55, the ventilation pipe 41 is connected with the external air through the piston cylinder 3 55 and the external pipe 411, so that the support spring 32 drives the piston shaft 1 33 to move upward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31, so that the external air can be replenished into the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31; When the locking hole 1 52 moves to the ratchet plug rod 58, the elasticity of the reset spring 56 drives the ratchet plug rod 58 to move upward through the locking hole 1 52 and the locking hole 2 581, thereby locking and fixing the ratchet plate 1 51 and the alloy support 1 1, and completing the rapid splicing of the alloy support 1 1 and the alloy support 2 2; At this time, the return spring 56 is located above the connection between the vent pipe 41 and the piston cylinder 3 55. At this time, the vent pipe 41 is connected with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 43 through the piston cylinder 3 55 and the exhaust pipe 42, thereby making the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 31 airtight. Then connect the ratchet plate 51 on the bottom support 6 with the alloy support 2, and then fill the filling material into the gap between the alloy support 1 and the alloy support 2 and the tunnel surrounding rock. During future use, if the force applied to the alloy support 1 or the alloy support 2 is abnormal, the fixed block 34 will be subjected to force, and the fixed block 34 will drive the piston shaft 33 to descend in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 31, thereby squeezing the air in the inner cavity of the support spring 32 through the vent pipe 41, the fixed spring 44, and the exhaust pipe 42 to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 2 43, driving the piston plate 45 to move in the direction of the power tube 47. When the connecting block 46 contacts the positive electrode 471 and the negative electrode 472, the positive electrode 471, the connecting block 46, and the negative electrode 472 are connected in series, and the signal transmitter 48 sends a signal to remind the staff.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations may be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and that the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device, comprising alloy support one (1) and alloy support two (2), characterized in that: The tops of the alloy support 1 (1) and the alloy support 2 (2) are both provided with a fixing mechanism (3), the top of the alloy support 1 (1) is provided with a quick splicing mechanism (5), and the outer side of the quick splicing mechanism (5) is provided with a reminder mechanism (4); The fixing mechanism (3) comprises a piston cylinder (31), wherein the piston cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the alloy support (1) and the inner cavity of the alloy support (2), respectively. There are a plurality of piston cylinders (31) in the inner cavity of the alloy support (1) and the inner cavity of the alloy support (2). The bottom of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (31) is fixedly connected to a support spring (32), and the top end of the support spring (32) is fixedly connected to a piston shaft (33). The top end of the piston shaft (33) passes through the piston cylinder (31) and is fixedly connected to the inner cavity of the alloy support (1). A fixing block (34) is provided, the inner cavity at the bottom end of the alloy support (1) is fixedly connected to a spring assembly (35), the top end of the spring assembly (35) is fixedly connected to an arc plate (36), the inner cavity of the arc plate (36) is fixedly connected to a locking rod (361), the locking rod (361) is inserted into the inner cavity of the fixing block (34), the end of the arc plate (36) away from the spring assembly (35) is fixedly connected to an inclined panel (37), and the bottom end of the inclined panel (37) is fixedly connected to a fixing rod (38); The quick splicing mechanism (5) comprises a ratchet plate 1 (51), the ratchet plate 1 (51) being fixedly connected to the top end of the alloy support 2 (2), a locking hole 1 (52) being provided at the center of the ratchet plate 1 (51), a spring assembly 2 (53) being fixedly connected to the inner cavity at the top end of the alloy support 1 (1), a ratchet plate 2 (54) being fixedly connected to the top end of the spring assembly 2 (53), a piston cylinder 3 (55) being fixedly connected to the top end of the inner side of the alloy support 1 (1), a return spring (56) being fixedly connected to the top end of the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 (55), a piston shaft 2 (57) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the return spring (56), and a ratchet plug-in rod (58) being fixedly connected to the top end of the piston shaft 2 (57).

2. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reminder mechanism (4) comprises a vent pipe (41), the vent pipe (41) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder one (31), the end of the vent pipe (41) away from the piston cylinder one (31) being fixedly connected to the piston cylinder three (55), the top of the piston cylinder three (55) being fixedly connected to an external tube (411), and the piston shaft two (57) being located below the connection between the vent pipe (41) and the piston cylinder three (55).

3. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized by: A fixing groove (39) is provided in the middle of the ratchet plug rod (58), and the fixing rod (38) is plugged into the inner cavity of the fixing groove (39). A locking hole (581) is provided at the top end of the alloy support (1), and the ratchet plug rod (58) is located below the locking hole (581).

4. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inclined plate (37) is located on the moving path of the ratchet plate 1 (51), and the arc plate (36) is movably connected to the alloy support 1 (1).

5. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The spring assembly 1 (35) and the spring assembly 2 (53) are both composed of a damping telescopic rod (531) and a mounting spring (532); the upper and lower ends of the damping telescopic rod (531) and the mounting spring (532) located at the top of the alloy support 1 (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the ratchet plate 2 (54) and the alloy support 1 (1); the upper and lower ends of the damping telescopic rod (531) and the mounting spring (532) located in the inner cavity at the bottom of the alloy support 1 (1) are respectively fixedly connected to the arc plate (36) and the alloy support 1 (1).

6. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 4, characterized in that: The reminder mechanism (4) further comprises an exhaust pipe (42), wherein the exhaust pipe (42) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the piston cylinder three (55), and one end of the exhaust pipe (42) away from the piston cylinder three (55) is fixedly connected to the piston cylinder two (43), and the inner cavity of the piston cylinder two (43) is fixedly connected to a fixing spring (44), and a side of the fixing spring (44) close to the piston cylinder three (55) is fixedly connected to a piston plate (45), and a side of the piston plate (45) close to the fixing spring (44) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (46), and a side of the piston cylinder two (43) away from the exhaust pipe (42) is fixedly connected to an electric pipe (47).

7. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the power-conducting tube (47) is fixedly connected to a positive electrode sheet (471), the bottom of the power-conducting tube (47) is fixedly connected to a negative electrode sheet (472), the positive electrode sheet (471) and the negative electrode sheet (472) are located on a moving path of the connecting block (46), the side of the power-conducting tube (47) away from the second piston cylinder (43) is fixedly connected to a signal transmitter (48), and the positive electrode sheet (471), the negative electrode sheet (472) and the signal transmitter (48) are electrically connected.

8. The alloy rapid support device for coal mine tunnel according to claim 6, characterized in that: The bottom ends of the alloy support 1 (1) and the alloy support 2 (2) are both provided with a bottom support (6), and the bottom support (6) is provided with a connecting frame (7) on a side of the bottom support (6) away from the alloy support 1 (1).

9. A method for installing a coal mine tunnel alloy rapid support device, characterized in that: Insert the ratchet plate 1 (51) on the alloy support 2 (2) into the inner cavity of the alloy support 1 (1), and through the elasticity of the spring assembly 2 (53) and the return spring (56), the ratchet plate 1 (51) enters the inner cavity of the alloy support 1 (1) along the teeth of the ratchet plate 2 (54), and when the ratchet plate 1 (51) contacts the inclined plate (37), the inclined plate (37) is pushed in the direction of the arc plate (36) along the inclined surface of the inclined plate (37), so that the arc plate (36) drives the locking rod (361) to leave the inner cavity of the fixed block (34), thereby releasing the limit of the fixed block (34), and at this time, the piston shaft 1 (33) is driven by the thrust of the support spring (32) to move toward the outside of the alloy support 1 (1), thereby driving the fixed block (34) to be inserted into the inner wall of the tunnel surrounding rock and tightly fit with the groove in the surrounding rock; At this time, since the bottom of the piston cylinder 1 (31) is connected to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 3 (55) through the ventilation pipe (41), and the piston shaft 2 (57) is located below the connection between the ventilation pipe (41) and the piston cylinder 3 (55), the ventilation pipe (41) is connected to the external air through the piston cylinder 3 (55) and the external pipe (411), so that when the support spring (32) drives the piston shaft 1 (33) to move upward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 (31), the external air can be replenished into the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 (31); When the locking hole 1 (52) moves to the ratchet plug rod (58), the elasticity of the return spring (56) drives the ratchet plug rod (58) to move upward through the locking hole 1 (52) and the locking hole 2 (581), thereby locking and fixing the ratchet plate 1 (51) and the alloy support 1 (1), thereby completing the rapid splicing of the alloy support 1 (1) and the alloy support 2 (2); At this time, the return spring (56) is located above the connection between the vent pipe (41) and the piston cylinder (55). At this time, the vent pipe (41) is connected to the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (43) through the piston cylinder (55) and the exhaust pipe (42), thereby making the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (31) airtight. Then, the ratchet plate 1 (51) on the bottom support (6) is connected to the alloy support 2 (2), and then the filling material is filled into the gap between the alloy support 1 (1) and the alloy support 2 (2) and the tunnel surrounding rock. During the subsequent use, if the force applied to the alloy support 1 (1) or the alloy support 2 (2) is abnormal, the fixed block (34) will be subjected to force, and the fixed block (34) will drive the piston shaft 1 (33) to descend in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 1 (31), thereby The air in the inner cavity of the support spring (32) is squeezed into the inner cavity of the second piston cylinder (43) through the vent pipe (41), the fixed spring (44) and the exhaust pipe (42), driving the piston plate (45) to move in the direction of the power supply pipe (47). When the connecting block (46) contacts the positive electrode sheet (471) and the negative electrode sheet (472), the positive electrode sheet (471), the connecting block (46) and the negative electrode sheet (472) are connected in series, and the signal transmitter (48) sends a signal to alert the staff.

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