Anti-explosion anchor rod for monitoring rock burst and monitoring method

Abstract

The invention relates to an anti-explosion anchor rod for monitoring rockburst. The anti-explosion anchor rod comprises a rod body part, a connecting part, an anti-rockburst prevention device part and a computer terminal, the rod body part is detachably connected with the anti-rockburst prevention device part through the connecting part; the length of the rod body part is set to be corresponding according to field requirements; the anti-rockburst prevention device part is in electric signal coupling with the computer terminal; and the anti-rock burst prevention device part is used for absorbing rock burst kinetic energy and monitoring the compression condition of the anti-rock burst anchor rod. The invention further relates to a monitoring method using the anti-explosion anchor rod for monitoring rock burst. According to the invention, the tensile failure in the rock mass is inhibited, the possibility of rock burst is reduced, the convenience of monitoring and the timeliness of rock burst monitoring are improved, and the effect of preventing rock burst is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mining engineering, and in particular to an anti-explosion anchor rod for monitoring rock burst and a monitoring method. Background Art

[0002] Rockburst is a geological disaster in which excavation disturbance in underground engineering causes rock blocks to be ejected from surrounding rocks that have accumulated high elastic strain energy. The occurrence of rockburst disasters usually damages mechanical equipment, delays the progress of the project, and even threatens the safety of personnel and causes serious economic losses. When a rockburst occurs, the elastic energy stored in the surrounding rock is suddenly released and converted into kinetic energy in large quantities, seriously threatening the personal safety of engineering workers, affecting the progress and quality of construction, and sometimes even inducing earthquakes.

[0003] In order to reduce the risk of engineering accidents caused by rock bursts and ensure the safety of construction personnel and equipment, it is particularly important to conduct effective monitoring and early warning of rock bursts. By real-time monitoring of the stress state, deformation and other information of the rock mass, the precursor characteristics of rock bursts can be discovered in time, providing a scientific basis for taking necessary protective measures.

[0004] Anti-rockburst anchor rods improve their structure and materials, increase their stress absorption and stability, and better cope with rockburst disasters. For example, some anti-rockburst anchor rods use sliding rods, elastic rods, combined components, strain sensors, strain indicators and other designs, so that the anchor rods can slide and deform when impacted by rockbursts, thereby absorbing the kinetic energy of the rock, slowing down the speed of the rock, and reducing the damage to surrounding objects. At the same time, through the cooperation of strain sensors and strain indicators, the pressure of the anchor rod can be monitored in real time, providing early warning information to the staff, so as to facilitate timely protective measures.

[0005] The defects of the prior art are:

[0006] 1. The bearing capacity of explosion-resistant anchors is affected by many factors, including soil quality, anchor depth, and anchoring method.

[0007] 2. Currently, there is a lack of reliable monitoring technology and means to monitor the working status of explosion-resistant anchors in real time and accurately. Summary of the invention

[0008] In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an explosion-proof anchor rod and a monitoring method for monitoring rock burst, which aims to inhibit tensile failure in the rock mass, reduce the possibility of rock burst, improve the convenience of monitoring and the timeliness of rock burst monitoring, and achieve the effect of preventing rock burst.

[0009] To solve the above problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is:

[0010] The explosion-proof anchor rod for monitoring rock burst includes a rod body, a fixing part, an anti-rock burst prevention device part, and a computer terminal, wherein:

[0011] The rod body part is detachably connected to the anti-rock burst prevention device part through the fixing part; the length of the rod body part is set to a corresponding length according to on-site requirements; the anti-rock burst prevention device part is electrically signal coupled to the computer terminal; the anti-rock burst prevention device part is used to absorb rock burst kinetic energy and monitor the compression condition of the anti-explosion anchor rod.

[0012] Preferably, the rod body portion comprises a rigid anchor rod body divided into two parts; the rigid anchor rod body is provided with a threaded structure on the outside for connecting with the anti-rock burst prevention device portion.

[0013] Preferably, the fixing part comprises an arched gasket and a nut; the arched gasket and the nut are arranged on the rigid anchor rod body to apply prestress to the explosion-proof anchor rod; the arched gasket and the nut are adjusted to their specific fixed positions according to the required length of the explosion-proof anchor rod.

[0014] Preferably, a spring part is provided inside the anti-rock burst prevention device part; internal thread structures matching the thread structure are provided at the left and right ends of the spring part; the diameter of the internal thread structure is larger than the diameter of the rigid anchor body; the anti-rock burst prevention device part is detachably connected to the thread structures of the two parts of the rigid anchor body through the internal thread structures at both ends; a deformable plastic for synchronously deforming according to the overall deformation of the anti-explosion anchor is fixed inside the spring part.

[0015] Preferably, a full bridge piece for reading the degree of deformation of the anti-explosion anchor is provided on the deformable plastic; both ends of the full bridge piece are electrically coupled to the internal resistance circuit signal of the external kit arranged outside the anti-rock burst prevention device through a connecting line.

[0016] Preferably, the full bridge chip and the external kit are respectively coupled to the static strain gauge electrical signal; the static strain gauge is used to power the full bridge chip and receive the electrical signal transmitted by the external kit; the static strain gauge is coupled to the computer terminal electrical signal.

[0017] Preferably, two sets of the static strain gauges are provided; the two sets of the static strain gauges serve as backup for each other to prevent the explosion-proof anchor from running out of power and stopping working.

[0018] Preferably, the rigid anchor rod body is made of high-strength steel material; and the spring part is made of silicon-manganese spring steel.

[0019] The method for monitoring explosion-resistant anchor bolts using the rockburst monitoring method comprises the following steps:

[0020] S100. Selecting two parts of the rigid anchor body of corresponding length according to the working conditions of the monitoring point, and fixing the fixed part at the corresponding position of the rigid anchor body;

[0021] S200. The threaded ends of the two parts of the rigid anchor body are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the anti-rockburst prevention device;

[0022] S300. Adhere the full bridge sheet to the deformable plastic;

[0023] S400. Take out the strain gauge circuit of the full bridge from the anti-rock burst prevention device part by full bridge method and then connect it to the static strain gauge;

[0024] S500. Install the explosion-proof anchor rod to a preset monitoring point. When the explosion-proof anchor rod is deformed by stress, the deformable plastic is deformed synchronously according to the overall deformation of the explosion-proof anchor rod.

[0025] S600. The full bridge chip reads the deformation degree of the deformable plastic, and then converts the mechanical strain into an electrical signal that can be measured in the external kit;

[0026] S700. When the current passing through the internal resistance circuit of the external kit exceeds the manually preset monitoring threshold, the electrical signal is transmitted to the external static strain gauge;

[0027] S800. The static strain gauge transmits monitoring data to the computer terminal.

[0028] Preferably, the strain gauge circuits of the full-bridge gauge in step S400 are connected in a full-bridge type III circuit.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0030] 1. Since the present invention provides a spring to absorb the kinetic energy generated by the rock mass, the tensile failure in the rock mass is suppressed and the possibility of rock burst is reduced.

[0031] 2. Since the present invention transmits the deformation of the internal plastic to the full bridge piece and finally transmits it to the computer terminal, the convenience of monitoring and the timeliness of rock burst monitoring are improved, thereby achieving the effect of preventing rock burst. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of an explosion-proof anchor rod for monitoring rock burst according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a full-bridge connection method for strain gauges according to a specific embodiment of the present invention:

[0034] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the anti-rockburst monitoring part of a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Among them: 1. Rod body part; 2. Fixed part; 3. Anti-rock burst prevention device part; 4. Rigid anchor rod body; 5. Nut; 6. Arched gasket; 7. Full bridge piece; 8. Static strain gauge; 9. External kit; 10. Deformable plastic; 11. Spring part; 12. Computer terminal. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, various equivalent forms of modifications to the present invention by those skilled in the art all fall within the scope defined by the claims attached to this application.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 3 As shown, the explosion-proof anchor rod for monitoring rock burst comprises a rod body part 1, a fixing part 2, an anti-rock burst prevention device part 3, and a computer terminal 12, wherein:

[0038] The rod body part 1 is detachably connected to the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 through the fixing part 2; the length of the rod body part 1 is set to a corresponding length according to the on-site requirements; the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 is electrically coupled to the computer terminal 12; the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 is used to absorb the kinetic energy of the rock burst and monitor the compression condition of the anti-explosion anchor rod.

[0039] It should be noted that the rod body part 1 includes a rigid anchor rod body 4 divided into two parts; the outside of the rigid anchor rod body 4 is provided with a threaded structure for connecting to the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3.

[0040] It should be noted that the fixing part 2 includes an arched washer 6 and a nut 5; the arched washer 6 and the nut 5 are arranged on the rigid anchor rod body 4 to apply prestress to the anti-explosion anchor rod; the arched washer 6 and the nut 5 are adjusted to the specific fixed position according to the required length of the anti-explosion anchor rod; the arched washer 6 enables it to better fit with the contact surface, effectively increases the contact surface between the internal fixation and the vertebral body, thereby improving the firmness of the fixation. The nut 5 is used to fix the anti-explosion anchor rod to the wall.

[0041] It should be further explained that the arched gasket 6 and the nut 5 are arranged on the rigid anchor rod body 4, and the length of the locking nut can be freely set, and the tray sleeve is detachably arranged on the outside of the rigid anchor rod body 4. The arched gasket 6 and the nut 5 can be flexibly installed on the rigid anchor rod body 4, wherein the nut 5 can be adjusted as needed, and the nut 5 is used to fix the arched gasket 6, and the arched gasket 6 is detachably sleeved on the periphery of the rigid anchor rod body 4.

[0042] It should be noted that a spring part 11 is provided inside the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3; internal thread structures matching the thread structure are provided at the left and right ends of the spring part 11; the diameter of the internal thread structure is larger than the diameter of the rigid anchor body 4; the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 is detachably connected to the thread structures of the two parts of the rigid anchor body 4 through the internal thread structures at both ends; a deformable plastic 10 is fixedly provided inside the spring part 11 for synchronously deforming according to the overall deformation of the anti-explosion anchor.

[0043] It should be further explained that a full bridge piece 7 for reading the deformation degree of the anti-explosion anchor is provided on the deformable plastic 10; both ends of the full bridge piece 7 are electrically coupled to the internal resistance circuit signal of the external kit 9 ​​arranged outside the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 through a connecting line.

[0044] It should be further explained that the full bridge chip 7 and the external kit 9 ​​are respectively electrically signal coupled to the static strain gauge 8; the static strain gauge 8 is used to power the full bridge chip 7 and receive the electrical signal transmitted by the external kit 9; the static strain gauge 8 is electrically signal coupled to the computer terminal 12.

[0045] It should be further explained that the spring part 11 is welded to the outer set 9 to enhance the rock burst resistance of the entire component, and the deformable plastic 10 is fixed between the spring part 11 and the outer set 9; when the entire component is deformed by the kinetic energy of the rock burst, the deformation provides deformation parameters for the full bridge piece 7. The full bridge piece 7 is adhered to the deformable plastic 10 to provide deformation data for the static strain gauge 8.

[0046] It should be further explained that there are two sets of static strain gauges 8; the two sets of static strain gauges 8 are used as backup for each other to prevent the explosion-proof anchor from running out of power and stopping working. The static strain gauges 8 are placed at the location of the explosion-proof anchor, and the static strain gauges 8 transmit the collected data to the computer terminal 12 on the ground through the network to provide real-time deformation data for the staff. When the parameters are abnormal, the possibility of rock burst at the location is provided.

[0047] It should be further explained that the anti-rockburst prevention device part 3 is provided with an internal thread structure and is placed between the two rigid anchor rod bodies 4, and the whole device is arranged inside the external kit 9 ​​of the anti-rockburst prevention device part 3. The anti-rockburst part of the device is realized by relying on the spring part 11 in the middle to absorb the kinetic energy of the rockburst, and the monitoring device is arranged inside the external kit 9. The purpose of fixing the deformable plastic 10 in the middle of the spring part 11 is to show the deformation of the spring part 11 caused by stress as the axial deformation of the plastic to facilitate the testing of the full bridge piece 7. The full bridge piece 7 is pasted on the deformable plastic 10, and the circuit on the full bridge piece 7 is connected from the external kit 9 ​​of the anti-rockburst prevention device part 3 to the static strain gauge 8 on the ground, and finally the data is transmitted to the computer terminal 12.

[0048] It should be further explained that the full-bridge plate 7 is a kind of foil strain gauge, which also includes straight plates, strain gauges, shear plates, full-bridge plates and chain plates. The full-bridge plate has four measuring wires, which are used to measure bidirectional pressure and torsional torque, etc., and is suitable for providing parameters for rock burst measurement.

[0049] It should be noted that the material of the rigid anchor rod body 4 is a high-strength steel material to maintain the stability of the rock mass and prevent the rod body from deformation. The material of the spring part 11 is silicon-manganese spring steel, which has a high elastic limit and fracture toughness; after heat treatment, its hardness can reach HRC40-44, which is stronger than ordinary carbon structural steel, and has good fatigue resistance and wear resistance. The good fatigue resistance of silicon-manganese spring steel can maintain high strength and hardness, and has good plasticity and toughness, and is easy to bend and weld. The external kit 9 ​​is made of anti-static material.

[0050] The method for monitoring anti-explosion anchor rods for monitoring rock bursts is used, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S100. Select two rigid anchor bodies 4 of corresponding lengths according to the working conditions of the monitoring point, and fix the fixing part 2 at the corresponding position of the rigid anchor body 4, and adjust the specific fixing position according to the required length of the explosion-proof anchor.

[0052] S200. The threaded ends of the two rigid anchor rod bodies 4 are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3.

[0053] S300 . Paste the full bridge piece 7 onto the deformable plastic 10 .

[0054] S400. Take out the strain gauge circuit of the full bridge plate 7 from the anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 by the full bridge method and then connect it to the static strain gauge 8.

[0055] S500. Install the explosion-proof anchor rod to a preset monitoring point. When the explosion-proof anchor rod is deformed by stress, the deformable plastic 10 is deformed synchronously according to the overall deformation of the explosion-proof anchor rod.

[0056] S600. The full bridge chip 7 reads the deformation degree of the deformable plastic 10 and then converts the mechanical strain into an electrical signal that can be measured in the external kit 9.

[0057] S700. When the current passing through the internal resistance circuit of the external kit 9 ​​exceeds the manually preset monitoring threshold, the electrical signal is transmitted to the external static strain gauge 8.

[0058] S800. The static strain gauge 8 transmits the monitoring data to the computer terminal 12.

[0059] like Figure 2As shown, it should be noted that the strain gauge circuit of the full bridge sheet 7 in step S400 is connected in a full bridge type III circuit; it has the highest sensitivity and the highest accuracy. The circuit structure of the full bridge is more complex than that of the 1 / 4 bridge and the half bridge, and requires more electronic components to support it. The full bridge is usually used for a wide range of stress and strain measurements and is suitable for stress parameters generated by rock bursts.

[0060] Full-bridge type III is only suitable for measuring axial tension or compression of materials, and is not suitable for situations where materials are bent under pressure. The difference from full-bridge type II is that strain gauge R2 is installed and bonded in the axial direction of the upper surface of the measured piece for measuring tension or compression, and strain gauge R4 is installed and bonded in the axial direction of the lower surface of the measured piece for measuring tension or compression. Strain gauge R1 is installed and bonded in the axial vertical direction of the upper surface for compensating for the strain in the axial vertical direction of the upper surface caused by the Poisson effect. Strain gauge R3 is installed and bonded in the axial vertical direction of the lower surface for compensating for the strain in the axial vertical direction of the lower surface caused by the Poisson effect.

[0061] It should be noted that when an object is subjected to an external force, it will deform, causing the resistance value inside the full bridge piece 7 to change. This change will be captured by the bridge circuit and converted into a voltage output, thereby achieving accurate measurement of the deformation of the object. When the deformation of the spring part 11 reaches a certain limit, the voltage is output to the static strain gauge 8, and the static strain gauge 8 then outputs an electrical signal to the computer terminal 12 to report to the observer.

[0062] It should be further explained that the present invention provides an anti-rock burst prevention device part 3 and connects it to the rod body part 1 through threads. The spring part 11 absorbs the kinetic energy generated by the rock mass, inhibits the tensile damage in the rock mass, and reduces the possibility of rock burst. The deformation of the internal deformable plastic 10 is transmitted to the full bridge piece 7 and finally transmitted to the computer terminal 12. It has the advantages of convenient observation and prevention.

[0063] In the above detailed description, various features are grouped together in a single embodiment to simplify the disclosure. This method of disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the embodiments of the claimed subject matter require more features than are clearly stated in each claim. On the contrary, as reflected in the appended claims, the invention is in a state of having less than all the features of the disclosed individual embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are hereby expressly incorporated into the detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate preferred embodiment of the invention.

[0064] The disclosed embodiments are described above to enable any person skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications of these embodiments are obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may also be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not limited to the embodiments given herein, but is consistent with the broadest scope of the principles and novel features disclosed in this application.

[0065] The above description includes examples of one or more embodiments. Of course, it is not possible to describe all possible combinations of components or methods for the purpose of describing the above embodiments, but it should be recognized by those skilled in the art that the various embodiments may be further combined and arranged. Therefore, the embodiments described herein are intended to cover all such changes, modifications and variations that fall within the scope of protection of the appended claims. In addition, with respect to the term "comprising" used in the specification or claims, the word is covered in a manner similar to the term "including", just as "including," is explained as a transitional word in the claims. In addition, any term "or" used in the specification of the claims is intended to mean "non-exclusive or".

[0066] The specific implementation methods described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific implementation method of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rock burst, characterized in that: It comprises a rod body part (1), a fixing part (2), an anti-rock burst prevention device part (3), and a computer terminal (12), wherein: The rod body part (1) is detachably connected to the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) via the fixing part (2); the length of the rod body part (1) is set to a corresponding length according to on-site requirements; the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) is electrically signal coupled to the computer terminal (12); the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) is used to absorb rock burst kinetic energy and monitor the compression condition of the anti-explosion anchor rod.

2. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rod body part (1) comprises a rigid anchor rod body (4) divided into two parts; the outside of the rigid anchor rod body (4) is provided with a threaded structure for connecting to the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3).

3. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fixing part (2) comprises an arched gasket (6) and a nut (5); the arched gasket (6) and the nut (5) are arranged on the rigid anchor rod body (4) to apply prestress to the explosion-proof anchor rod; the specific fixing positions of the arched gasket (6) and the nut (5) are adjusted according to the required length of the explosion-proof anchor rod.

4. The explosion-proof anchor rod for monitoring rock burst according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) is provided with a spring part (11) inside; the left and right ends of the spring part (11) are provided with internal thread structures matching the thread structure; the diameter of the internal thread structure is greater than the diameter of the rigid anchor rod body (4); the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) is detachably connected to the thread structures of the two parts of the rigid anchor rod body (4) through the internal thread structures at both ends; and a deformable plastic (10) is fixedly provided inside the spring part (11) for synchronously deforming according to the overall deformation of the anti-explosion anchor rod.

5. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 4, characterized in that: The deformable plastic (10) is provided with a full bridge piece (7) for reading the degree of deformation of the anti-explosion anchor rod; the two ends of the full bridge piece (7) are electrically coupled to the internal resistance circuit of the external kit (9) arranged outside the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) through a connecting line.

6. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 5, characterized in that: The full bridge chip (7) and the external kit (9) are respectively coupled to the static strain gauge (8) by electrical signals; the static strain gauge (8) is used to supply power to the full bridge chip (7) and simultaneously receive the electrical signal transmitted by the external kit (9); the static strain gauge (8) is coupled to the computer terminal (12) by electrical signals.

7. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 6, characterized in that: The static strain gauge (8) is provided with two sets; the two sets of the static strain gauge (8) serve as backup for each other and are used to prevent the explosion-proof anchor rod from running out of power and stopping working.

8. The explosion-proof anchor for monitoring rockburst according to claim 7, characterized in that: The material of the rigid anchor rod body (4) is a high-strength steel material; the material of the spring part (11) is silicon-manganese spring steel.

9. The method for monitoring anti-explosion anchor rods for monitoring rock burst according to claim 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S100. Select two parts of the rigid anchor body (4) of corresponding lengths according to the working conditions of the monitoring point, and fix the fixing part (2) at the corresponding position of the rigid anchor body (4); S200. The threaded ends of the two parts of the rigid anchor body (4) are respectively threadedly connected to the two ends of the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3); S300. Adhere the full bridge sheet (7) to the deformable plastic (10); S400. Take out the strain gauge circuit of the full bridge plate (7) from the anti-rock burst prevention device part (3) by full bridge method and then connect it to the static strain gauge (8); S500. The explosion-proof anchor rod is installed at a manually preset monitoring point. When the explosion-proof anchor rod is deformed by stress, the deformable plastic (10) is deformed synchronously according to the overall deformation of the explosion-proof anchor rod. S600. The full bridge sheet (7) reads the deformation degree of the deformable plastic (10), and then converts the mechanical strain into an electrical signal that can be measured in the external kit (9); S700. When the current passing through the internal resistance circuit of the external kit (9) exceeds a manually preset monitoring threshold, the electrical signal is transmitted to the external static strain gauge (8); S800. The static strain gauge (8) transmits the monitoring data to the computer terminal (12).

10. The method for monitoring explosion-resistant anchors for monitoring rockburst according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S400, the strain gauge circuit of the full-bridge plate (7) is connected in a full-bridge type III circuit.

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