Expansion machine volute assembly, air cycle machine and control method

Abstract

The invention provides an expansion machine volute assembly, an air cycle machine and a control method.The expansion machine volute assembly comprises a volute and an air guide part, the volute is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet part, the air guide part is used for being arranged on the air outlet part in a sleeving mode, and a heat exchange cavity is formed between the air outlet part and the air guide part; the gas guide piece is used for introducing heat exchange gas into the heat exchange cavity; a connecting hole is further formed in the volute, the air guide piece is provided with an inserting part, and the air guide piece is inserted into the connecting hole through the inserting part; the expansion machine volute assembly is provided with an air passing channel communicating with the heat exchange cavity and the air inlet. According to the technical scheme, the heat exchange gas subjected to heat exchange with the gas outlet part flows into the gas inlet of the volute from the heat exchange cavity along the gas passing channel, so that the heat exchange gas is sucked into the volute to participate in acting to be reused, the purpose of recycling the residual pressure of the heat exchange gas is achieved, and therefore the energy loss can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of air circulator technology, specifically relating to an expander volute assembly, an air circulator, and a control method. Background Technology

[0002] like Figure 1 As shown, an air circulator used in a compressed air circulating refrigeration system includes an expander with a volute 6. The volute 6 has an inlet T01 and an outlet 1. The outlet 1 has an outlet T02. The expander takes in air through the inlet T01 and exits through the outlet T02. Gas enters the expander through the inlet T01, expands, and performs work. The temperature of the gas decreases after the work is done, and the low-temperature gas flows out through the outlet T02 and is transported to the area requiring cooling. The expansion work drives the compressor to draw in air from CO1, compress it, and discharge it from CO2. The temperature at the outlet T02 is generally below zero degrees Celsius, even below -40 degrees Celsius, making it prone to icing and affecting the reliable operation of the air circulator. Currently, icing is generally prevented by directing the high-temperature gas from the compressor outlet CO2 to the outer wall surface of the outlet 1, allowing heat exchange between the high-temperature gas and the outlet 1. The gas that is led from the compressor outlet CO2 to the outer wall surface of the outlet section 1 for heat exchange can be called the heat exchange gas. The heat exchange gas used for anti-icing has a relatively high airflow pressure. If the heat exchange gas is not effectively utilized after heat exchange with the outlet section 1, it will cause energy loss, thereby reducing the efficiency of air circulation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the present invention provides an expander volute assembly, an air circulator, and a control method. The main technical problem to be solved is how to recover and utilize the residual pressure of the heat exchange gas to reduce energy loss.

[0004] To solve the above problems, the present invention provides an expander volute assembly, which includes a volute and an air guide. The volute has an air inlet and an air outlet. The air guide is used to be sleeved on the air outlet and forms a heat exchange cavity between the two. The air guide is used to introduce heat exchange gas into the heat exchange cavity.

[0005] The volute is also provided with a connecting hole, and the air guide has a plug-in part, through which the air guide is plugged into the connecting hole; the expander volute assembly has an air passage connecting the heat exchange chamber and the air inlet.

[0006] In some embodiments, the direction in which the plug is inserted into the connecting hole is defined as a first direction, and the connecting hole has a first hole segment and a second hole segment connected in sequence along the first direction; a first sealing ring is fitted on the plug, and the plug is sealed to the second hole segment through the first sealing ring;

[0007] Wherein, an air passage is formed between the plug-in part and the first hole section, the air passage includes an air passage section and a first air passage hole disposed on the first hole section, the air passage section connects the heat exchange chamber and the air passage chamber, and the first air passage hole penetrates to the inner wall of the air inlet; the inner diameter of the first hole section is D60204, the inner diameter of the second hole section is D60206, D60204 is greater than D60206, and (D60204-D60206) / D60206=0.003~0.03.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first hole segment is an annular groove arranged around the center line of the connecting hole, the inner diameter of the bottom surface of the annular groove is D60204, and the first vent hole is arranged on the bottom surface of the annular groove.

[0009] In some embodiments, the diameter of the first vent hole is D601, wherein D601 / D60204 = 0.01 to 0.1.

[0010] In some embodiments, the annular groove has a first annular groove wall connecting the bottom surface and the second hole segment. The first annular groove wall is in the shape of a frustum cone, and the second hole segment is a straight hole segment. The center lines of the first annular groove wall and the second hole segment coincide. The angle between the first annular groove wall and its center line is a2, where a2 = 10° to 30°.

[0011] In some embodiments, the connecting hole further has a third hole segment connected to the first hole segment, the third hole segment being located on the side of the first hole segment opposite to the second hole segment; the insertion part is fitted with a second sealing ring, and the insertion part is sealed to the third hole segment through the second sealing ring.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the third hole segment is D60202, and D60206 is less than or equal to D60202.

[0013] In some embodiments, the air venting section includes a second air vent disposed on the air guide member to connect the heat exchange chamber and the air venting chamber; wherein the centerline of the second air vent coincides with the centerline of the first air vent.

[0014] In some embodiments, the connecting hole has a flared section at the opening, the flared section being a frustoconical hole section, and the angle between the hole wall of the flared section and its centerline being a1, where a1 = 10° to 30°.

[0015] In some embodiments, the expander volute assembly further includes a temperature sensor and a flow control structure, wherein the temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the airflow in the air passage; and the flow control structure is used to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber.

[0016] The present invention also provides an air circulator comprising the expander volute assembly described in any one of the above-described embodiments.

[0017] The present invention also provides a control method for an air circulator, wherein the expander volute assembly further includes a temperature sensor and a flow control structure, the temperature sensor being used to detect the temperature of the airflow in the air passage, and the flow control structure being used to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber, the control method includes:

[0018] Step S1: After the air circulator has been running for a first preset time, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage and obtains the collected temperature t71.

[0019] Step S2: After the air circulator continues to run for a second preset time, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage and obtains the collected temperature t72; if t71 is greater than t72 and (t71-t72) / t71≥50%~80%, then the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber is increased.

[0020] In some embodiments, the method further includes the following after step S2:

[0021] Step S3: After the air circulator continues to run for a third preset time, the temperature sensor detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage and obtains the collected temperature t73; if t73 is greater than t72 and (t73-t72) / t73 ≥ 50%~80%, then the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber is reduced to the initial value.

[0022] The expander volute assembly, air circulator, and control method provided by this invention have the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The air guide introduces heat exchange gas into the heat exchange chamber. The heat exchange gas is a high-temperature gas. After flowing into the heat exchange chamber, the heat exchange gas can exchange heat with the outlet section to heat the outlet section and prevent it from freezing. The heat exchange gas, after heat exchange with the outlet section, flows from the heat exchange chamber along the air passage into the air inlet of the volute, where it is drawn into the volute to participate in work and is reused. This achieves the purpose of recovering and utilizing the residual pressure of the heat exchange gas, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0024] 2. By making (D60204-D60206) / D60206 = 0.003 to 0.03, the present invention can prevent the first sealing ring from being scratched when it crosses the first air outlet, and also make the air outlet cavity have a suitable volume, which is conducive to the airflow L3 of the air outlet section crossing the air outlet cavity and entering the first air outlet.

[0025] 3. The temperature sensor and flow control structure work together to control the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber based on the temperature of the airflow in the air passage, which solves the problem that a fixed flow rate cannot adapt to de-icing and improves the anti-icing effect. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. The drawings described below are merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art can derive other embodiments based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the working principle of an air circulator;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a partial cross-sectional view of an expander volute assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the structural portion of the volute of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point B in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a partial cross-sectional view of another expander volute assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] The attached figures are labeled as follows:

[0034] 1. Air outlet; 2. Air guide; 4. Third sealing ring; 5. Fourth sealing ring; 6. Volute; 7. First sealing ring; 8. Second sealing ring; 9. Temperature sensor; 10. Flow control structure; 21. Insertion part; 61. Connecting hole; 62. Air passage; 201. Air inlet; q01. Heat exchange chamber; q02. Air passage chamber; 101. Outer surface of the air outlet; 102. Inner surface of the air outlet; 202. Second air outlet; 203. Inner surface of the air guide; 204. Outer surface of the insertion part; 601. First air outlet; 602. First hole section; 603. Air inlet; 60201. Flared section; 60202. Third hole section; 60203. Second annular groove wall; 60204. Bottom surface of the annular groove; 60205. First annular groove wall; 60206. Second hole section; a. First direction. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0037] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "on top of," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation beyond the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures were inverted, a device described as "above" or "on top of" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0038] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0039] See also Figure 2-5 As shown, according to an embodiment of the present invention, an expander volute assembly is provided, comprising a volute 6 and an air guide 2. The volute 6 has an air inlet 603 and an air outlet 1. The air guide 2 is fitted onto the air outlet 1, forming a heat exchange cavity q01 between the two. The air guide 2 is used to introduce heat exchange gas into the heat exchange cavity q01, allowing the heat exchange gas to exchange heat with the air outlet 1. The volute 6 is also provided with a connecting hole 61, and the air guide 2 has a plug-in portion 21, through which the air guide 2 is plugged into the connecting hole 61. The expander volute assembly has an air passage 62 connecting the heat exchange cavity q01 and the air inlet 603.

[0040] In the above example, the air guide 2 introduces heat exchange gas into the heat exchange chamber q01. The heat exchange gas is a high-temperature gas. After flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01, the heat exchange gas can exchange heat with the outlet 1 to heat the outlet 1 and prevent it from freezing. The heat exchange gas after heat exchange with the outlet 1 flows from the heat exchange chamber q01 into the air inlet 603 of the volute 6 along the air passage 62, so that it can be drawn into the volute 6 to participate in work and be reused. This achieves the purpose of recovering the residual pressure of the heat exchange gas, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0041] In some embodiments, the aforementioned air outlet 1 is the expansion wheel cover of the volute 6.

[0042] In some embodiments, the direction in which the plug-in portion 21 is inserted into the connecting hole 61 is defined as a first direction a. The connecting hole 61 has a first hole segment 602 and a second hole segment 60206 connected sequentially along the first direction a. A first sealing ring 7 is fitted onto the plug-in portion 21, and the plug-in portion 21 is sealed to the second hole segment 60206 via the first sealing ring 7. An air venting cavity q02 is formed between the plug-in portion 21 and the first hole segment 602. The air venting channel 62 includes an air venting section and a first air venting hole 601 disposed on the first hole segment 602. The air venting section connects the heat exchange cavity q01 and the air venting cavity q02. The first air venting hole 601 extends to the inner wall of the air inlet 603 to communicate with the air inlet 603. The inner diameter of the first hole segment 602 is D60204, and the inner diameter of the second hole segment 60206 is D60206. D60204 is larger than D60206, and (D60204-D60206) / D60206 = 0.003 to 0.03. Preferably, (D60204-D60206) / D60206 = 0.01.

[0043] The air passage 62 is connected to the heat exchange chamber q01 through the air passage section, and is connected to the air inlet 603 through the first air passage 601.

[0044] In the above example, the first sealing ring 7 prevents air leakage from the first vent hole 601 through the second hole segment 60206. When the insertion part 21 is inserted into the connecting hole 61, the first sealing ring 7 is easily scratched by the edge of the hole as it crosses the first vent hole 601, resulting in sealing failure. Furthermore, if D60204 is much larger than D60206, the volume of the vent cavity q02 is larger, which is not conducive to the airflow L3 of the vent segment crossing the vent cavity q02 to enter the first vent hole 601. Therefore, this invention makes (D60204-D60206) / D60206 = 0.003 to 0.03. On the one hand, this prevents the first sealing ring 7 from being scratched when crossing the first vent hole 601; on the other hand, it also allows the vent cavity q02 to have a suitable volume, facilitating the airflow L3 of the vent segment crossing the vent cavity q02 to enter the first vent hole 601.

[0045] In some embodiments, the aforementioned first hole segment 602 can be an annular groove provided around the center line of the connecting hole 61. The inner diameter of the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove is the aforementioned D60204. The aforementioned first vent hole 601 is provided on the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove. The opening of the first vent hole 601 on the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove is the first opening. The width W60204 of the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove includes the opening edge of the first opening. This can prevent the insertion part 21 from scratching the first sealing ring 7 when it is inserted into the connecting hole 61.

[0046] In the above example, by designing the first hole segment 602 as an annular groove, the aforementioned goal of D60204 being greater than D60206 can be achieved.

[0047] In some implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the diameter of the aforementioned first vent 601 is D601, where D601 / D60204 = 0.01 to 0.1. Preferably, D601 / D60204 = 0.044.

[0048] In the above example, if the diameter D601 of the first vent 601 is too small, it will hinder the flow of air into the aforementioned air inlet 603. Since the first vent 601 is located on the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove, the diameter of the first vent 601 should not be too large. If it is too large, there will be a problem of a sudden increase in the cross-sectional area from the vent 202 to the vent 601. If the cross-sectional area changes too abruptly, eddy current loss will be formed, which will be detrimental to the flow of airflow L3. However, the present invention, by making D601 / D60204 = 0.01 to 0.1, facilitates the flow of air into the aforementioned air inlet 603 on the one hand, and also facilitates processing on the other hand.

[0049] In some implementations, such as Figure 4-5 As shown, the aforementioned annular groove has a first annular groove wall 60205 connecting the bottom surface 60204 and the second hole segment 60206. The first annular groove wall 60205 is shaped like a frustum cone, and the second hole segment 60206 is a straight hole segment. The centerlines of the first annular groove wall 60205 and the second hole segment 60206 coincide. The angle between the first annular groove wall 60205 and its centerline is a2, where a2 = 10° to 30°. Preferably, a2 = 20°.

[0050] In the above example, the angle between the first annular groove wall 60205 and its centerline is the same as the angle between the first annular groove wall 60205 and the second hole segment 60206. If the angle a2 between the first annular groove wall 60205 and the second hole segment 60206 is too large, the guiding performance of the insertion part 21 into the connecting hole 61 will be poor. If a2 is too small, the first annular groove wall 60205 will be too wide, making it difficult to implement due to space constraints. The present invention, by making a2 = 10° to 30°, can improve the guiding performance of the insertion part 21 into the connecting hole 61 and facilitate processing.

[0051] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned connecting hole 61 also has a third hole segment 60202 connected to the first hole segment 602, and the third hole segment 60202 is located on the side of the first hole segment 602 opposite to the second hole segment 60206. The aforementioned insertion part 21 is fitted with a second sealing ring 8, and the insertion part 21 is sealed with the third hole segment 60202 through the second sealing ring 8.

[0052] In the above example, the second sealing ring 8 can prevent the first vent 601 from leaking air from the third hole segment 60202. The second sealing ring 8, together with the aforementioned first sealing ring 7, seals both sides of the first hole segment 602, which can improve the sealing performance of the aforementioned vent cavity q02 and prevent air leakage from the vent cavity q02.

[0053] In some embodiments, the inner diameter of the third hole segment 60202 is D60202, and D60206 is less than or equal to D60202. This facilitates the insertion of the plug part 21 into the connecting hole 61 and is also beneficial for processing and manufacturing.

[0054] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned air venting section may include a second air vent 202 disposed on the air guide 2. The air venting section connects the heat exchange chamber q01 and the air venting chamber q02 through the second air vent 202. The centerline of the second air vent 202 coincides with the centerline of the first air vent 601, which facilitates the flow of gas from the second air vent 202 into the first air vent 601, thus providing a convenient air venting effect.

[0055] In some implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the aforementioned connecting hole 61 has a flared section 60201 located at the opening. The flared section 60201 is a frustoconical hole section, and the angle between the hole wall of the flared section 60201 and its center line is a1, where a1 = 10° to 30°. Preferably, a1 = 20°.

[0056] In the above example, if the angle α1 between the hole wall of the flared section 60201 and its centerline is too large, the guiding performance of the insertion part 21 into the connecting hole 61 will be poor. If α1 is too small, the hole wall of the flared section 60201 will be too wide, resulting in limited space and making it difficult to implement. However, by making α1 = 10° to 30°, the present invention can improve the guiding performance of the insertion part 21 into the connecting hole 61 and facilitate processing.

[0057] In some embodiments, the aforementioned third hole segment 60202 is a straight hole segment, and the center lines of the aforementioned flared segment 60201 and the third hole segment 60202 coincide.

[0058] It should be noted that in some embodiments, the hole wall of the second hole segment 60206, the hole wall of the third hole segment 60202, and the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove are all cylindrical surfaces, and their center lines coincide.

[0059] In some implementations, such as Figure 6As shown, the aforementioned expander volute assembly may further include a temperature sensor 9 and a flow control structure 10. The temperature sensor 9 is used to detect the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62. The flow control structure 10 is used to regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01.

[0060] In the above example, the temperature sensor 9 and the flow control structure 10 work together to control the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01 based on the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62.

[0061] In some embodiments, the aforementioned flow control structure 10 may include a regulating valve, which can regulate the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01.

[0062] The present invention also provides an air circulator, which may include the expander volute assembly described above. Because the air circulator uses the expander volute assembly, the air guide 2 introduces heat exchange gas into the heat exchange chamber q01. The heat exchange gas is a high-temperature gas. After flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01, the heat exchange gas can exchange heat with the outlet 1 to heat the outlet 1 and prevent it from freezing. The heat exchange gas, after heat exchange with the outlet 1, flows from the heat exchange chamber q01 along the air passage 62 into the air inlet 603 of the volute 6, where it is drawn into the volute 6 to participate in work and is reused. This achieves the purpose of recovering residual pressure in the heat exchange gas, thereby reducing energy loss.

[0063] The present invention also provides a control method for an air circulator. When the expander volute assembly further includes a temperature sensor 9 and a flow control structure 10, wherein the temperature sensor 9 is used to detect the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62, and the flow control structure 10 is used to adjust the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01, the control method includes:

[0064] Step S1: After the air circulator has been running for a first preset time, the temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62 and obtains the collected temperature t71. This first preset time is X, where X = 2 to 10 minutes. Preferably, X = 5 minutes.

[0065] Step S2: After the air circulator continues to run for the second preset time, the temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62 and obtains the collected temperature t72. If t71 is greater than t72, and (t71-t72) / t71≥50%~80%, then the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01 is increased.

[0066] In the above example, if t71 is greater than t72 and (t71-t72) / t71≥50%~80%, it indicates that there is icing in the outlet section 1. At this time, increasing the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01 is beneficial to improve the heat exchange between the heat exchange gas and the outlet section 1 and reduce icing.

[0067] In some implementations, the method further includes the following after step S2:

[0068] Step S3: After the air circulator continues to run for the third preset time, the temperature sensor 9 detects the temperature of the airflow in the air passage 62 and obtains the collected temperature t73. If t73 is greater than t72, and (t73-t72) / t73 ≥ 50%~80%, then the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01 is reduced to the initial value.

[0069] In the above example, if t73 is greater than t72 and (t73-t72) / t73≥50%~80%, it means that the icing phenomenon in the outlet section 1 has been eliminated. At this time, by reducing the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber q01 to the initial value, the introduction of heat exchange gas can be reduced, and energy loss can be reduced.

[0070] It should be noted that: In step S1, the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into heat exchange chamber q01 is the initial value G10. In step S2, after increasing the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into heat exchange chamber q01, the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into heat exchange chamber q01 is G11, and G11 is greater than G10. In step S3, after decreasing the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into heat exchange chamber q01, the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into heat exchange chamber q01 is the initial value G10. The unit of heat exchange gas flow rate is kg / s.

[0071] This invention effectively solves the problem of ice formation at the air outlet and fully utilizes the residual pressure energy of the anti-icing airflow, i.e., the aforementioned heat exchange gas, ensuring high performance during reliable operation of the air circulator. Furthermore, by incorporating a temperature sensor 9 and a flow control structure 10, the problem of fixed flow rates being unsuitable for de-icing is solved, improving the anti-icing effect.

[0072] For ease of understanding, the overall structure of the present invention will be described below, and its working principle will be explained.

[0073] like Figure 2As shown, the air guide 2 can draw a small stream of high-temperature, high-pressure airflow L1 from the compressor outlet CO2. It flows through the inlet 201 and into the heat exchange chamber q01. The high-temperature airflow L2 surrounds the outer surface 101 of the outlet section 1, transferring heat to the outlet section 1 and preventing ice formation on the inner surface 102 of the outlet section 1. After the airflow L2 heats the outlet section 1, its temperature decreases, but its pressure remains high, forming a low-temperature, high-pressure airflow L3. The airflow L3 passes through the second outlet 202, through the outlet chamber q02, and flows into the inlet 603 from the first outlet 601, participating in the work.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the heat exchange chamber q01 is formed by the outer surface 101 of the air outlet 1, the inner surface 203 of the air guide 2, the third sealing ring 4, and the fourth sealing ring 5. The heat exchange chamber q01 has an air inlet 201 and a second air outlet 202. The high-temperature and high-pressure airflow L1 flows into the heat exchange chamber q01 in an orderly manner from the air inlet 201. The airflow L2 in the heat exchange chamber q01 flows around the outer surface 101 of the air outlet 1 to form airflow L3, and the airflow L3 flows out of the heat exchange chamber q01 through the second air outlet 202.

[0075] like Figure 2 As shown, the air vent q02 is formed by the outer surface 204 of the insertion part 21, the first hole section 602, the second sealing ring 8, and the first sealing ring 7. The air vent q02 has a second air vent 202 and a first air vent 601. The airflow L3 flows into the air vent q02 in an orderly manner from the second air vent 202, and the gas in the air vent q02 flows out of the air vent q02 through the first air vent 601. Both the second air vent 202 and the first air vent 601 are preferably round holes, and their centerlines coincide to reduce flow loss.

[0076] like Figure 3 As shown. The aforementioned connecting hole 61 has a flared section 60201, a third hole section 60202, a second groove wall 60203, a bottom surface 60204 of an annular groove, a first annular groove wall 60205, and a second hole section 60206. The flared section 60201, the third hole section 60202, the second annular groove wall 60203, the bottom surface 60204 of the annular groove, the first annular groove wall 60205, and the second hole section 60206 are connected by arcs, the radius of which is R, where R = 0.1 to 2 mm.

[0077] It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that, without conflict, the advantageous technical features of the above-mentioned methods can be freely combined and superimposed.

[0078] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention. The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An expander volute assembly, characterized in that: The invention comprises a volute (6) and an air guide (2), wherein the volute (6) has an air inlet (603) and an air outlet (1), the air guide (2) is used to be sleeved on the air outlet (1), and a heat exchange cavity (q01) is formed between the two, and the air guide (2) is used to introduce heat exchange gas into the heat exchange cavity (q01); The volute (6) is also provided with a connecting hole (61), the air guide (2) has a plug-in portion (21), and the air guide (2) is plugged into the connecting hole (61) through the plug-in portion (21); the expander volute assembly has an air passage (62) connecting the heat exchange chamber (q01) and the air inlet (603).

2. The expander volute assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The direction in which the plug-in portion (21) is inserted into the connecting hole (61) is defined as a first direction (a), and the connecting hole (61) has a first hole section (602) and a second hole section (60206) that are sequentially connected along the first direction (a); a first sealing ring (7) is sleeved on the plug-in portion (21), and the plug-in portion (21) is sealed and matched with the second hole section (60206) through the first sealing ring (7); An air cavity (q02) is formed between the plug-in portion (21) and the first hole section (602), the air passage (62) comprises an air section and a first air hole (601) arranged on the first hole section (602), the air section connects the heat exchange cavity (q01) and the air cavity (q02), the first air hole (601) penetrates to the inner wall of the air inlet (603); the inner diameter of the first hole section (602) is D60204, the inner diameter of the second hole section (60206) is D60206, D60204 is greater than D60206, and (D60204-D60206) / D60206=0.003~0.

03.

3. The expander volute assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first hole section (602) is an annular groove arranged around the center line of the connecting hole (61), the inner diameter of the bottom surface (60204) of the annular groove is the D60204, and the first air hole (601) is arranged on the bottom surface (60204) of the annular groove.

4. The expander volute assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The aperture of the first air hole (601) is D601, wherein D601 / D60204=0.01-0.

1.

5. The expander volute assembly according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The annular groove has a first annular groove wall connecting the bottom surface (60204) and the second hole segment (60206), the first annular groove wall (60205) is a frustum-shaped hole, the second hole segment (60206) is a straight hole segment, the center lines of the first annular groove wall (60205) and the second hole segment (60206) coincide, and the angle between the first annular groove wall (60205) and its center line is a2, a2=10°~30°.

6. The expander volute assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: The connecting hole (61) also has a third hole section (60202) connected to the first hole section (602), and the third hole section (60202) is located on the side of the first hole section (602) that is away from the second hole section (60206); a second sealing ring (8) is sleeved on the plug-in part (21), and the plug-in part (21) is sealed and matched with the third hole section (60202) through the second sealing ring (8).

7. The expander volute assembly according to claim 6, characterized in that: The inner diameter of the third hole section (60202) is D60202, and D60206 is less than or equal to D60202.

8. The expander volute assembly according to any one of claims 2 to 4 and 7, characterized in that: The air passage section comprises a second air passage hole (202) arranged on the air guide (2), so as to connect the heat exchange cavity (q01) and the air passage cavity (q02) through the second air passage hole (202); wherein the center line of the second air passage hole (202) coincides with the center line of the first air passage hole (601).

9. The expander volute assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 7, characterized in that: The connecting hole (61) has a flared section (60201) located at the opening, the flared section (60201) is a frustoconical hole section, and the angle between the hole wall of the flared section (60201) and its center line is a1, a1 = 10° to 30°.

10. The expander volute assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and 7, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature sensor (9) and a flow control structure (10), wherein the temperature sensor (9) is used to detect the temperature of the air flow in the air passage (62); and the flow control structure (10) is used to adjust the flow of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange cavity (q01).

11. An air cycle machine, characterized in that: The expander volute assembly comprises the expander volute assembly according to any one of claims 1-10.

12. A method for controlling an air cycle machine, characterized in that: When the expander volute assembly further comprises a temperature sensor (9) and a flow control structure (10), the temperature sensor (9) is used to detect the temperature of the airflow in the air passage (62), and the flow control structure (10) is used to adjust the flow of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber (q01), the control method comprises: Step S1: After the air cycle machine is started and operated for a first preset time, the temperature sensor (9) detects the temperature of the air flow in the air passage (62) to obtain a collected temperature t71; Step S2: After the air cycle machine continues to run for a second preset time, the temperature sensor (9) detects the temperature of the air flow in the air passage (62) to obtain a collected temperature t72; if t71 is greater than t72, and (t71-t72) / t71≥50% to 80%, the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber (q01) is increased.

13. The control method of the air cycle machine according to claim 12, characterized in that: After step S2, the method further includes: Step S3: After the air cycle machine continues to run for a third preset time, the temperature sensor (9) detects the temperature of the air flow in the air passage (62) to obtain a collected temperature t73; if t73 is greater than t72, and (t73-t72) / t73≥50% to 80%, the flow rate of the heat exchange gas flowing into the heat exchange chamber (q01) is reduced to an initial value.

Images