Rock soil sampling and detecting device for civil engineering

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of civil engineering, and particularly discloses a geotechnical sampling and detecting device for civil engineering. By arranging the mounting frame, the adjustable supporting frames, the lifting adjusting frame, the hammering assembly, the sampling barrel and the anti-tilt assembly, a user can adjust the multiple adjustable supporting frames into different postures, so that the multiple adjustable supporting frames provide stable support for the mounting frame, the lifting adjusting frame drives the hammering assembly and the sampling barrel to move downwards, and the anti-tilt effect is achieved. The sampling barrel is inserted into a rock-soil layer for sampling, and meanwhile, the anti-deflection assembly is clamped at the end part of the sampling barrel, so that the end part of the sampling barrel cannot deflect when probing into the rock-soil layer, and the sampling barrel can be vertically inserted into the rock-soil layer to obtain a qualified rock-soil layer sample.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of civil engineering, and in particular relates to a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering. Background Art

[0002] In civil engineering, sampling of rock and soil layers is a key step in engineering investigation and design, aiming to obtain the physical, mechanical and chemical properties of rock and soil bodies and provide a scientific basis for engineering. First, sampling can determine the physical properties of rock and soil, such as type, density, porosity and water content, to help evaluate its bearing capacity and stability. Secondly, by testing mechanical properties such as compressive strength, shear strength and deformation characteristics, data support is provided for foundation design, slope stability analysis and pile foundation design. In addition, analyzing the chemical composition and pH of rock and soil can evaluate its corrosiveness to engineering materials and optimize material selection. Sampling can also predict geological disasters and construction risks, so as to formulate effective prevention and control measures. Finally, based on the sampling results, engineers can optimize foundation selection, construction methods and support design to ensure the safety, economy and sustainability of the project. In short, sampling of rock and soil layers is an indispensable part of civil engineering and provides important support for the entire life cycle of the project.

[0003] The existing rock and soil sampling and testing devices for civil engineering mainly consist of an impact hammer and a sampling tube. When sampling, the user uses the impact hammer to continuously hammer the sampling tube vertically inserted into the ground, and drives the sampling tube into the ground to obtain rock and soil samples. When the applicant is operating the existing rock and soil sampling and testing devices, he finds that the existing devices have usage defects, because the impact hammer will continuously impact the sampling tube. In order to avoid damage to the sampling tube or sampling errors, it is necessary to ensure that the sampling tube is vertically inserted into the rock and soil layer. However, the recoil force of the impact hammer will affect the impact angle of the impact hammer, which will cause the sampling tube to tilt and the obtained rock and soil samples to be unqualified. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the existing rock and soil sampling and testing devices to ensure that the sampling tube can vertically penetrate into the rock and soil layer to obtain qualified rock and soil layer samples. Summary of the invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a geotechnical sampling and detection device for civil engineering, so as to solve the problem that the sampling tube of the existing geotechnical sampling device is easily skewed during the sampling process, thereby resulting in the obtained geotechnical samples not meeting the requirements.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering, comprising:

[0007] The mounting frame is composed of a lower mounting plate, a vertical plate connected to the lower mounting plate, and an upper mounting plate connected to the vertical plate, wherein a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower mounting plate, and a side groove and a clamping hole are provided on the vertical plate;

[0008] An adjustable support frame is arranged inside the side groove, comprising an upper support rod connected to the vertical plate through the clamping hole, and a lower support rod is hinged between the upper support rod and the vertical plate;

[0009] The lifting and lowering adjustment frame comprises a lead screw rotatably connected between the lower mounting plate and the upper mounting plate and a first motor connected to the upper mounting plate, wherein the end of the output shaft of the first motor and the lead screw are both connected with mutually meshing transmission gears, a slide cylinder is threadedly connected to the lead screw, and a second motor is connected to the slide cylinder;

[0010] A hammer assembly, disposed on the second motor;

[0011] A sampling tube connected to the hammer assembly;

[0012] The anti-distortion component is connected to the lower mounting plate.

[0013] Preferably, the end of the upper support rod is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the outside through an opening, and the ends of the upper support rod are slidably connected with positioning rods on both sides of the end of the upper support rod, the positioning rod is inserted into the card hole, and the end of the positioning rod is fixedly connected to a sliding rod located inside the cavity and a gap is left between the sliding rod and the inner wall of the cavity, and the sliding rod is provided with a spirally arranged sliding groove, the cavity is connected with a slide rail and is slidably connected to the sliding rod through the slide rail, a rotating plate is provided in the gap between the sliding rod and the cavity, and the rotating plate is attached to the sliding rod, a card block which is engaged in the sliding groove is connected to the rotating plate, and an elastic wire is also provided in the gap between the sliding rod and the cavity to provide a reset elastic force for the rotating plate.

[0014] Preferably, the elastic wire is composed of an intermediate rod, a helical rod connected to both ends of the intermediate rod, and an end rod connected to the end of the helical rod. The intermediate rod abuts against the rotating plate, and the end rod abuts against the sliding rail.

[0015] Preferably, the end of the upper support rod is fixedly connected to a curved hook rod, and longitudinal grooves are provided on the upper support rod and the hook rod, one end of the lower support rod is inserted into the longitudinal groove and hinged to the upper support rod, and the other end is inserted into the side groove and hinged to the vertical plate.

[0016] Preferably, the hammer assembly includes a transmission shaft fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft of the second motor and a side plate fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft, the second motor is fixedly connected to a mounting tube sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft, a wave annular groove is provided on the inner wall of the mounting tube, an impact rod is clamped between the transmission shaft and the mounting tube, a clamping rod inserted into the wave annular groove is fixedly connected to the side wall of the impact rod, a slot for inserting the transmission shaft and the side plate is provided at the upper end of the impact rod, and the lower end of the impact rod is connected to the sampling tube.

[0017] Preferably, a slot is provided at the lower end of the impact rod, and a transmission rod inserted into the slot is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling tube, and the cross sections of the transmission rod and the slot are both rectangular.

[0018] Preferably, the anti-distortion assembly includes an outer cylinder fixedly mounted on the lower mounting plate and an inner cylinder fixedly mounted inside the outer cylinder, a retaining ring is sandwiched between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, and the outer cylinder, the inner cylinder and the retaining ring are coaxially arranged, an annular cavity is arranged between the upper end of the inner cylinder and the inner wall of the outer cylinder, a retaining ball is arranged inside the annular cavity, the upper end of the retaining ring is inserted into the annular cavity, a shift plate extending from the outer cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the retaining ring, and a spring is arranged between the outer cylinder and the retaining ring.

[0019] Preferably, one end of the spring abuts against the lower surface of the abutting ring, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the inner wall of the outer tube.

[0020] Preferably, the upper end of the retaining ring is tilted toward a side close to the locking ball.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0022] The present invention provides a mounting frame, an adjustable support frame, a lifting and adjusting frame, a hammering assembly, a sampling tube and an anti-skew assembly. Users can adjust the multiple adjustable support frames to different postures, so that the multiple adjustable support frames provide stable support for the mounting frame. The lifting and adjusting frame drives the hammering assembly and the sampling tube to move downward, and the sampling tube is inserted into the rock and soil layer for sampling. At the same time, the anti-skew assembly will be clamped on the end of the sampling tube to ensure that the end of the sampling tube will not be skewed when probing into the rock and soil layer, so that the sampling tube can be vertically inserted into the rock and soil layer to obtain qualified rock and soil layer samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0024] Figure 2 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0025] Figure 3 The overall structure of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0026] Figure 4 The cross-sectional structure of the upper support rod end of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 1 ;

[0027] Figure 5 The cross-sectional structure of the upper support rod end of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 2 ;

[0028] Figure 6 The cross-sectional structure of the upper support rod end of the present invention is shown in FIG. Figure 3 ;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the rotating plate structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the elastic yarn structure of the present invention;

[0031] Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the hammer assembly of the present invention;

[0032] Fig.10 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the installation tube of the present invention;

[0033] Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the impact rod of the present invention;

[0034] Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the anti-distortion component of the present invention;

[0035] In the figure: 1. lower mounting plate; 2. vertical plate; 3. upper mounting plate; 4. side groove; 5. clamping hole; 6. upper support rod; 61. positioning rod; 62. sliding rod; 63. slide groove; 64. slide rail; 65. rotating plate; 66. clamping block; 67. elastic wire; 7. lower support rod; 8. hook rod; 9. lead screw; 10. transmission gear; 11. first motor; 12. slide cylinder; 13. second motor; 14. transmission shaft; 15. side plate; 16. mounting cylinder; 17. wave ring groove; 18. impact rod; 19. clamping rod; 20. slot; 21. clamping groove; 22. transmission rod; 23. sampling cylinder; 24. outer cylinder; 25. inner cylinder; 26. clamping ball; 27. push ring; 28. dial plate; 29. ​​spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example:

[0038] See also Figure 1 - Fig.12 As shown, a rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering includes:

[0039] The mounting frame is composed of a lower mounting plate 1, a vertical plate 2 connected to the lower mounting plate 1, and an upper mounting plate 3 connected to the vertical plate 2, wherein a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower mounting plate 1, and a side groove 4 and a clamping hole 5 are provided on the vertical plate 2;

[0040] An adjustable support frame is arranged inside the side groove 4, comprising an upper support rod 6 connected to the vertical plate 2 through the clamping hole 5, and a lower support rod 7 is hinged between the upper support rod 6 and the vertical plate 2;

[0041] The lifting and lowering adjustment frame includes a lead screw 9 rotatably connected between the lower mounting plate 1 and the upper mounting plate 3 and a first motor 11 connected to the upper mounting plate 3, wherein the output shaft end of the first motor 11 and the lead screw 9 are both connected with mutually meshing transmission gears 10, the lead screw 9 is threadedly connected with a slide cylinder 12, and the slide cylinder 12 is connected with a second motor 13;

[0042] A hammer assembly, disposed on the second motor 13;

[0043] A sampling tube 23, connected to the hammer assembly;

[0044] The anti-distortion component is connected to the lower mounting plate 1.

[0045] As can be seen from the above, by setting up a mounting frame, an adjustable support frame, a lifting and adjusting frame, a hammering assembly, a sampling tube 23 and an anti-skew assembly, the user can adjust the multiple adjustable support frames to different postures, so that the multiple adjustable support frames provide stable support for the mounting frame, and the lifting and adjusting frame drives the hammering assembly and the sampling tube 23 to move downward, and the sampling tube 23 is inserted into the rock and soil layer for sampling. At the same time, the anti-skew assembly will be clamped on the end of the sampling tube 23 to ensure that the end of the sampling tube 23 will not be skewed when it is probed into the rock and soil layer, so that the sampling tube 23 can be vertically inserted into the rock and soil layer to obtain qualified rock and soil layer samples.

[0046] In specific adjustment, the lower mounting plate 1 can be placed in the sampling position, and the clamping position between the upper end of the upper support rod 6 and the vertical plate 2 can be adjusted. As the upper support rod 6 rotates out of the side groove 4, the lower support rod 7 will also rotate out of the side groove 4. The vertical plate 2, the upper support rod 6 and the lower support rod 7 are arranged in a triangle, and the end of the upper support rod 6 abuts on the ground. The user can adjust the angle between the upper support rod 6 and the lower support rod 7, thereby changing the abutment point between the end of the upper support rod 67 and the ground, so that the mounting frame can be stably placed on the ground. When the sampling tube 23 needs to be placed downward, the second motor 13 is started, and the output of the first motor 11 drives the screw 9 to rotate through the transmission gear 10, and the screw 9 drives the slide cylinder 12 to move up and down, and then the slide cylinder 12 drives the second motor 13, the hammer assembly and the sampling tube 23 to move.

[0047] See also Figure 4 - Figure 8 As shown, a cavity is provided at the end of the upper support rod 6, and the cavity is communicated with the outside through an opening, and positioning rods 61 are slidably connected on both sides of the end of the upper support rod 6, and the positioning rod 61 is inserted into the inside of the card hole 5, and the end of the positioning rod 61 is fixedly connected to a sliding rod 62 located inside the cavity, and a gap is left between the sliding rod 62 and the inner wall of the cavity, and a spirally arranged sliding groove 63 is provided on the sliding rod 62, and a sliding rail 64 is connected to the cavity and is slidably connected to the sliding rod 62 through the sliding rail 64, and a rotating plate 65 is provided in the gap between the sliding rod 62 and the cavity, and the rotating plate 65 is attached to the sliding rod 62, and a card block 66 that is engaged in the sliding groove 63 is connected to the rotating plate 65, and an elastic wire 67 that provides a reset elastic force for the rotating plate 65 is also provided in the gap between the sliding rod 62 and the cavity.

[0048] See also Figure 8 As shown, the elastic wire 67 is composed of an intermediate rod, a spiral rod connected to both ends of the intermediate rod, and an end rod connected to the end of the spiral rod. The intermediate rod abuts against the rotating plate 65, and the end rod abuts against the sliding rail 64.

[0049] As can be seen from the above, when the user needs to adjust the connection point between the upper support rod 6 and the vertical plate 2, the rotating plate 65 can be rotated to compress the elastic wire 67. The rotating rotating plate 65 will drive the block 66 to move inside the slide groove 63. Under the action of the block 66 and the slide groove 63, the sliding rod 62 will slide along the slide rail 64, and then drag the positioning rod 61 to the inside of the upper support rod 6. At this time, the positioning rod 61 will be disengaged from the clamping hole 5. After losing the restriction of the positioning rod 61 and the clamping hole 5, the upper support rod 6 can be separated from the vertical plate 2, and the user can move the upper end of the upper support rod 6 to a suitable position inside the side groove 4. After releasing the rotating plate 65, the elastic wire 67 is reset to push the rotating plate 65, and the rotating plate 65 returns to its original position, and through the action of the clamping block 66, the positioning rod 61 is driven to extend out of the upper support rod 6 again, and plugged into the clamping hole 5, re-limiting the freedom of the upper support rod 6.

[0050] See also Figure 1 - Figure 3 As shown, the end of the upper support rod 6 is fixedly connected with a curved hook rod 8, and the upper support rod 6 and the hook rod 8 are provided with longitudinal grooves, one end of the lower support rod 7 is inserted into the longitudinal groove and is hinged to the upper support rod 6, and the other end is inserted into the side groove 4 and is hinged to the vertical plate 2. When the upper support rod 6 and the lower support rod 7 return to the side groove 4, the upper end of the lower support rod 7 will be clamped in the longitudinal groove for easy storage, and the hook rod 8 protruding outward can replace the upper support rod 6 to contact the ground, thereby avoiding excessive wear of the upper support rod 6.

[0051] See also Fig. 9 - Fig.11 As shown, the hammer assembly includes a transmission shaft 14 fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft of the second motor 13 and a side plate 15 fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft 14, the second motor 13 is fixedly connected with a mounting tube 16 sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft 14, a wave annular groove 17 is provided on the inner wall of the mounting tube 16, a striking rod 18 is clamped between the transmission shaft 14 and the mounting tube 16, a clamping rod 19 inserted into the wave annular groove 17 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the striking rod 18, a slot 20 for inserting the transmission shaft 14 and the side plate 15 is provided at the upper end of the striking rod 18, and the lower end of the striking rod 18 is connected to the sampling tube 23.

[0052] A slot 21 is formed at the lower end of the impact rod 18 , and a transmission rod 22 inserted into the slot 21 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling tube 23 , and the cross sections of the transmission rod 22 and the slot 21 are both rectangular.

[0053] As can be seen from the above, when the output shaft of the second motor 13 drives the transmission shaft 14 and the side plate 15 to rotate, the transmission shaft 14 and the side plate 15 will drive the impact rod 18 to rotate, and the rotating impact rod 18 drives the clamping rod 19 to slide inside the wave ring groove 17. The wave ring groove 17 and the clamping rod 19 cooperate to make the rotating impact rod 18 reciprocate up and down. At the same time, the rotating impact rod 18 will drive the sampling tube 23 to rotate through the clamping groove 21 and the transmission rod 22, and the impact rod 18 that reciprocates up and down will repeatedly hammer the top of the sampling tube 23, so that the sampling tube 23 can quickly penetrate into the underground for rock and soil sampling.

[0054] See also Figure 3 and Fig.12 As shown, the anti-distortion assembly includes an outer cylinder 24 fixedly mounted on the lower mounting plate 1 and an inner cylinder 25 fixedly mounted inside the outer cylinder 24, a butt ring 27 is sandwiched between the outer cylinder 24 and the inner cylinder 25, and the outer cylinder 24, the inner cylinder 25 and the butt ring 27 are coaxially arranged, an annular cavity is arranged between the upper end of the inner cylinder 25 and the inner wall of the outer cylinder 24, a locking ball 26 is arranged inside the annular cavity, the upper end of the butt ring 27 is inserted into the annular cavity, and the side wall of the butt ring 27 is fixedly connected to a shift plate 28 extending from the outer cylinder 24, a spring 29 is arranged between the outer cylinder 24 and the butt ring 27, one end of the spring 29 abuts against the lower surface of the butt ring 27, and the other end abuts against the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder 24.

[0055] As can be seen from the above, the spring 29 pushes the ring 27 upward, so that the ring 27 is inserted between the outer tube 24 and the inner tube 25. Under the action of the ring 27, the ball 26 protrudes a part of the annular cavity to the middle of the inner tube 25, and the sampling tube 23 can be inserted in the middle of the inner tube 25 and abut against the ball 26. The ball 26 limits the end of the sampling tube 23 to prevent the end of the sampling tube 23 from shaking during rotation. When the user needs to free the sampling tube 23 from the restriction of the ball 26, the plate 28 can be used to drive the ring 27 to move the compressed spring 29. After losing the restriction of the ring 27, the ball 26 will retract into the annular cavity again, thereby freeing the sampling tube 23 from the restriction of the ball 26.

[0056] In order to ensure that the locking ball 26 has enough space to move, the upper end of the retaining ring 27 is tilted near the locking ball 26 .

[0057] The standard parts used in the present invention can all be purchased from the market, and the special-shaped parts can be customized according to the description and the drawings. The specific connection methods of each part adopt conventional means such as mature bolts, rivets, welding, etc. in the prior art. The machinery, parts and equipment all adopt conventional models in the prior art, and the circuit connection adopts the conventional connection method in the prior art, which will not be described in detail here. The contents not described in detail in this specification belong to the prior art known to professional and technical personnel in this field.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. "Multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0060] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, a first feature being "above" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, a first feature being "above", "above" or "above" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. A first feature being "below", "below" or "below" a second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0061] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example" or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, unless they are contradictory.

[0062] In the drawings of the embodiments disclosed in the present invention, only the structures related to the embodiments disclosed in the present invention are involved, and other structures can refer to the general design. In the absence of conflict, the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

Claims

1. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering, characterized in that: include: The mounting frame is composed of a lower mounting plate (1), a vertical plate (2) connected to the lower mounting plate (1), and an upper mounting plate (3) connected to the vertical plate (2), wherein a through hole is provided in the middle of the lower mounting plate (1), and a side groove (4) and a clamping hole (5) are provided on the vertical plate (2); An adjustable support frame is arranged inside the side groove (4), comprising an upper support rod (6) connected to the vertical plate (2) through the clamping hole (5), and a lower support rod (7) is hinged between the upper support rod (6) and the vertical plate (2); The lifting and lowering adjustment frame comprises a lead screw (9) rotatably connected between the lower mounting plate (1) and the upper mounting plate (3) and a first motor (11) connected to the upper mounting plate (3), wherein the end of the output shaft of the first motor (11) and the lead screw (9) are both connected to mutually meshing transmission gears (10), the lead screw (9) is threadedly connected to a slide cylinder (12), and the slide cylinder (12) is connected to a second motor (13); A hammer assembly, arranged on the second motor (13); A sampling tube (23) connected to the hammer assembly; An anti-distortion component is connected to the lower mounting plate (1).

2. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the upper support rod (6) is provided with a cavity, and the cavity is communicated with the outside through an opening, and positioning rods (61) are slidably connected to both sides of the end of the upper support rod (6), and the positioning rod (61) is inserted into the inside of the clamping hole (5), and the end of the positioning rod (61) is fixedly connected to a sliding rod (62) located inside the cavity, and a gap is left between the sliding rod (62) and the inner wall of the cavity, and a spiral sliding groove (63) is provided on the sliding rod (62), and the cavity A slide rail (64) is connected, and is slidably connected to the sliding rod (62) through the slide rail (64); a rotating plate (65) is arranged in the gap between the sliding rod (62) and the cavity, and the rotating plate (65) is attached to the sliding rod (62); a block (66) which is engaged in the sliding groove (63) is connected to the rotating plate (65); an elastic wire (67) which provides a restoring elastic force for the rotating plate (65) is also arranged in the gap between the sliding rod (62) and the cavity.

3. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic wire (67) is composed of an intermediate rod, a spiral rod connected to both ends of the intermediate rod, and an end rod connected to the end of the spiral rod. The intermediate rod abuts against the rotating plate (65), and the end rod abuts against the sliding rail (64).

4. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the upper support rod (6) is fixedly connected to a hook rod (8) arranged in a curved shape, and longitudinal grooves are provided on the upper support rod (6) and the hook rod (8); one end of the lower support rod (7) is inserted into the longitudinal groove and is hinged to the upper support rod (6), and the other end is inserted into the side groove (4) and is hinged to the vertical plate (2).

5. The rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hammer assembly comprises a transmission shaft (14) fixedly mounted on the end of the output shaft of the second motor (13) and a side plate (15) fixedly mounted on the transmission shaft (14); the second motor (13) is fixedly connected with a mounting tube (16) sleeved on the outside of the transmission shaft (14); a wave annular groove (17) is provided on the inner wall of the mounting tube (16); a striking rod (18) is sandwiched between the transmission shaft (14) and the mounting tube (16); a clamping rod (19) plugged into the wave annular groove (17) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the striking rod (18); a slot (20) for plugging the transmission shaft (14) and the side plate (15) is provided at the upper end of the striking rod (18); and the lower end of the striking rod (18) is connected to the sampling tube (23).

6. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 5, characterized in that: A slot (21) is provided at the lower end of the impact rod (18), and a transmission rod (22) inserted into the slot (21) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the sampling tube (23), and the transmission rod (22) and the slot (21) are both rectangular in cross section.

7. A geotechnical sampling and testing device for civil engineering according to claim 1, characterized in that: The anti-distortion assembly comprises an outer cylinder (24) fixedly mounted on the lower mounting plate (1) and an inner cylinder (25) fixedly mounted inside the outer cylinder (24); a retaining ring (27) is sandwiched between the outer cylinder (24) and the inner cylinder (25); the outer cylinder (24), the inner cylinder (25) and the retaining ring (27) are coaxially arranged; an annular cavity is arranged between the upper end of the inner cylinder (25) and the inner wall of the outer cylinder (24); a retaining ball (26) is arranged inside the annular cavity; the upper end of the retaining ring (27) is inserted into the annular cavity; a shifting plate (28) extending from the outer cylinder (24) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the retaining ring (27); and a spring (29) is arranged between the outer cylinder (24) and the retaining ring (27).

8. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: One end of the spring (29) abuts against the lower surface of the abutting ring (27), and the other end abuts against the bottom of the inner wall of the outer cylinder (24).

9. A rock and soil sampling and detection device for civil engineering according to claim 7, characterized in that: The upper end of the retaining ring (27) is arranged obliquely on a side close to the locking ball (26).

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