Geographic and hydrological information collector for reservoirs and lakes

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water level information collection, and discloses a reservoir and lake geohydrological information collector which comprises a base of a cavity structure, a plurality of sampling barrels are installed on the base, one-way exhaust valves are installed on the upper portions of the sampling barrels, one-way water inlet valves are installed at the bottoms of the sampling barrels, and a filtering assembly is installed on the top of the base. A driving rod is installed in the base, the filtering assembly comprises a filtering cylinder, the filtering cylinder communicates with the base and the one-way exhaust valve, and the driving rod is in transmission fit to drive the sliding plate to move. The placement seat dives to a specified depth and then hovers, the control rope is pulled to enable the driving rod to rotate to drive the one-way water inlet valve of one sampling barrel to be opened, gas discharged from the sampling barrel upwards surges from the filter barrel while water enters the sampling barrel, impurities on the outer side of the filter barrel can be taken away, and therefore mixing of water bodies at different depths is avoided; the same operation is carried out by each sampling barrel at different specified depths, so that accurate classification and collection of water bodies at different specified depths in one submergence process are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water level information collection, and in particular to a reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector. Background Art

[0002] Hydrological information collection refers to the technical work of systematically collecting and organizing hydrological data. The main ways of collecting hydrological information are stationed measurement and patrol measurement. Patrol measurement requires observers to observe hydrological elements such as flow at various observation points in a region or basin regularly or irregularly in a patrol manner. Since the sediment content, oxygen content, types and distribution of microorganisms in the same water area at different depths are different, it is necessary to classify and collect water bodies at different depths.

[0003] The water sampling equipment on the market mainly includes simple water samplers and electric deep water samplers. The simple water samplers can only sample water at a certain fixed depth at a time, and sampling water at different depths requires repeated operations. The electric deep water sampler uses a water pump and a water pipe to extract water. When it is necessary to extract water at a deeper depth, the original water in the water pipe must be discharged first to avoid mixing of water at different depths. Neither of them can complete the work of classifying and collecting water at different depths during a single dive. The patent with prior art announcement number CN113281106A discloses a device for sampling water quality at different depths. When water enters the sampling tube, the air inside the sampling tube is compressed by the entering water and then discharged to the bottom end of the main body through the connecting tube and the first one-way exhaust valve. When the gas enters the main body, it drives the impeller to rotate in the opposite direction, and then the impeller drives the central axis to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the end of the arc pressure plate gradually separates from the one-way valve of the first group of sampling tubes, and the other end presses down to open the one-way valve of the second group of sampling tubes, so that the second group of sampling tubes is opened to take water, and multiple groups of sampling tubes are sampled in the same way.

[0004] However, the above device still has the following defects: the device needs to dive to the bottom of the water first to trigger the cam column to rotate. In addition, it is impossible to make it draw water at a specified depth. There are certain limitations in its use. It is also impossible to intercept impurities when collecting water, which can easily lead to blockage of the water inlet hole and inability to close it, causing water at different depths to mix, affecting the water body detection results. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the problem that the existing technology cannot quickly classify and sample water bodies at different depths during a single dive, a reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector is proposed.

[0006] The purpose is to complete the collection of water bodies at different specified depths during a single dive, and to avoid impurities clogging the water inlet holes and mixing of water bodies at different depths.

[0007] The technical solution of the present invention is a reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector, comprising a placement seat, the placement seat comprising a base with a cavity structure, a cylinder fixedly connected to the base, a cover plate threadedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder, a plurality of sampling cylinders installed on the base, a one-way exhaust valve installed on the upper part of the sampling cylinder, a one-way water inlet valve installed at the bottom of the sampling cylinder, a filter assembly installed on the top of the base, and a driving rod installed inside the base; The one-way water inlet valve comprises a valve plate arranged in the sampling tube, the valve plate is elastically connected to the sampling tube, the valve plate abuts and cooperates with the water inlet hole opened at the bottom of the sampling tube, and an L-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve plate, a slide plate abuts and cooperates with one side of the L-shaped rod, and the slide plate is transversely slidably arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube; The filter assembly includes two baffles fixedly connected to the base, a filter cartridge is rotatably connected between the two baffles, the filter cartridge is communicated with the base and a one-way exhaust valve, a control rope is provided on one side of the filter cartridge, the control rope is used to drive the filter cartridge to rotate, and the filter cartridge cooperates with the drive rod to drive the slide to move.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, when the placement seat is located in the water, the impurities in the water can be intercepted on the outside through the cooperation of the baffle and the filter cartridge, and the filtered water enters the base, and the movement of the valve plate is restricted by the contact between the slide plate and the lower end of the limit rod, so that the placement seat will not automatically open due to water pressure when diving in the water. After the placement seat dives to the water intake depth, it remains suspended, and the filter cartridge is driven to rotate a certain angle by pulling the control rope upwards. The driving rod is driven by the filter cartridge to rotate a certain angle, and the driving rod contacts the slide plate in one of the one-way water inlet valves, and drives the slide plate to move horizontally to cancel its contact with the L-shaped rod. At this time, under the action of water pressure, the valve plate in the one-way water inlet valve It opens automatically to allow water to enter the sampling cylinder. At the same time, the gas in the sampling cylinder moves to the filter cylinder through the one-way exhaust valve. The gas forms bubbles in the water and passes through the filter cylinder when it surges upward, taking away impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cylinder. In the same way as above, each time the control rope is pulled, the filter cylinder rotates a certain angle, and the drive rod contacts the next adjacent one-way water inlet valve, so that the corresponding sampling cylinder is opened to collect water samples. The gas in the sampling cylinder is discharged to take away impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cylinder to avoid clogging of the filter cylinder. When the sampling cylinder is full of water, its internal water pressure is the same as the external water pressure, and the valve plate rebounds under the action of elastic force to abut against the water inlet hole, so that the sampling cylinder is automatically sealed.

[0009] Furthermore, the top of the valve plate is elastically connected to a U-shaped frame via a spring, and the U-shaped frame is fixedly installed in the sampling tube.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the spring pair applies downward pressure to the valve plate, so that the valve plate abuts against the water inlet hole, so that the sampling tube remains in a sealed state.

[0011] Furthermore, a water guide pipe is provided on one side of the filter cartridge, and both ends of the water guide pipe are respectively connected and fixed to the base and one of the baffles, and an aeration unit is provided in the filter cartridge, and the aeration unit is connected to a one-way exhaust valve; The aeration unit includes an aeration box arranged in the filter cartridge, the aeration box passes through one of the baffles through an air pipe and is connected to an annular tube, the annular tube is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cartridge, a plurality of sockets are evenly distributed on the annular tube, the sockets pass through the cartridge and are engaged with the one-way exhaust valve.

[0012] By adopting the above technical scheme, a plurality of filter holes are opened on the surface of the filter cartridge, and the filter holes intercept impurities in the water on the outside, and the water enters the base through the water guide pipe, thereby preventing the impurities in the water from clogging the water inlet one-way valve and making it unable to close; when one of the sampling cartridges is collecting water samples, the gas in the sampling cartridge is discharged through the one-way exhaust valve and flows into the annular tube through the holder, and then flows into the aeration box through the air pipe. The gas is discharged through the plurality of aeration holes opened on the upper part of the aeration box to form fine bubbles. The bubbles surge upward and can take away the impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cartridge when passing through the filter cartridge, thereby avoiding clogging of the filter cartridge and enabling the filter cartridge to maintain effective impurity interception work.

[0013] Furthermore, one end of the driving rod is arc-shaped, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the base, the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear, and two arc-shaped racks are symmetrically fixed on the filter cartridge, and the arc-shaped racks are meshed with the gears for transmission.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, each time the filter cartridge rotates, one of the arc-shaped racks meshes with the gear to drive the drive rod to rotate about the axis of the base. The arc-shaped end of the drive rod contacts the slide to drive the slide to move away from the drive rod, so that the slide cancels the limit on the L-shaped rod.

[0015] Furthermore, the slide plate is slidably arranged on a guide rail, the guide rail is fixedly installed on the bottom of the sampling tube, one end of the slide plate is fixedly connected to a fixed block, the bottom of the fixed block is abutted against the L-shaped rod, and the other end of the slide plate is vertically slidably connected to a cylindrical driving rod, and the driving rod is in sliding contact with the arc portion of the driving rod.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the moving direction of the slide plate is set perpendicular to the moving direction of the L-shaped rod. When the lower end of the fixed block abuts against the L-shaped rod, the valve plate cannot move, thereby preventing the water pressure from driving the valve plate to open automatically. After the arc-shaped end of the driving rod contacts the driving rod, it drives the slide plate to slide to the right, and the fixed block cancels the contact with the L-shaped rod. Then the water pressure drives the valve plate to rise, and the L-shaped rod rises until the slide plate rises.

[0017] Furthermore, an L-shaped plate is fixedly connected to the middle part of the skateboard, and a positioning block with a teardrop-shaped structure is provided on the lower side of the L-shaped plate. The upper end of the positioning block is rotatably connected to the skateboard, and the upper end is elastically connected to the skateboard through a torsion spring, and the lower end of the positioning block is provided with a positioning groove adapted to the L-shaped rod.

[0018] When the L-shaped rod is located at the bottom of the positioning block, the torsion spring drives the positioning block to reset, so that the positioning groove is located at the upper end of the L-shaped rod, thereby limiting the upward movement of the L-shaped rod.

[0019] Furthermore, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the filter cartridge, the connecting shaft passes through one of the baffles and is fixedly connected to a driving plate, a winding wheel is rotatably connected to the driving plate, and the control rope is wound on the winding wheel; A plurality of trapezoidal blocks are slidably connected to the driving plate, one side of the block is elastically connected to the driving plate via a second spring, and the other side is abutted and matched with a slot provided on the winding wheel.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, when the control rope is pulled upward, it drives the winding wheel to rotate counterclockwise, and the slot drives the driving plate connected to the block to rotate synchronously, so that the connecting shaft drives the filter cartridge to rotate half a circle, and a rotation damping is provided at the connection between the connecting shaft and the baffle. When the winding wheel rotates in the opposite direction, the inclined surface of the slot abuts against the inclined surface of the block, and the block is forced to slide into the driving plate, driving the second spring to compress, so that the winding wheel can only drive the filter cartridge to rotate in one direction, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of the driving rod causing the water collection sequence of the sampling cylinder to be disordered.

[0021] Furthermore, a fixing plate connected and fixed to the base is provided on one side of the winding wheel, and a plurality of arc springs are elastically connected between the winding wheel and the fixing plate.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, when the winding wheel rotates counterclockwise, the arc spring is stretched and stored. After the pulling of the control rope is cancelled, the arc spring contracts and drives the winding wheel to rotate in the opposite direction and reset. It can be understood that, referring to Figure and Figure, the control rope passes through two limit rods fixedly connected to the cylinder body, and a positioning block is fixedly provided on the position of the control rope between the two limit rods. The positioning block and the limit rod can cooperate to limit the moving distance of the control rope, so that the filter cylinder can be controlled to rotate at the same angle each time.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of water exchange holes are provided on the upper and lower sides of the base, and a sealing plate is abutted against the upper side of the water exchange hole, and the sealing plate is hinged on the base.

[0024] By adopting the above technical solution, when the placement seat dives, the sealing plate can be automatically opened due to the resistance of water, so that water can pass through the base during the descent of the placement seat, so that when the base is at the previous depth, the water inside can be exchanged with the outside world, avoiding water at different depths in the base. When the placement seat is suspended, the sealing plate rotates under the action of gravity to fit the base. At this time, the water in the water area can only enter the base through the filter cartridge.

[0025] Furthermore, a plurality of counterweights are evenly distributed on the outside of the cylinder.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the counterweight block and the sampling tube are arranged at intervals, and the counterweight block is used to overcome the buoyancy of the sampling tube in the water, so that when each sampling tube is unloaded, the counterweight block can drive the entire device to dive in the water.

[0027] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The placement seat dives to the specified depth and then hovers. By pulling the control rope, the drive rod rotates to drive the one-way water inlet valve of one of the sampling tubes to open. When the sampling tube takes in water, the gas discharged from the filter tube surges upward, which can take away the impurities on the outside of the filter tube, avoiding the impurities from entering the base and interfering with the opening and closing of the one-way water inlet valve, thereby avoiding the mixing of water bodies at different depths. The same operation is performed at different specified depths by each sampling tube, thereby realizing accurate classification and collection of water bodies at different specified depths during one dive.

[0028] 2. When the sampling tube is filled with collected water samples, the valve plate abuts against the water inlet hole. At this time, the L-shaped rod is located at the lower side of the positioning block. The positioning block is driven to rotate by the torsion spring so that the positioning groove is located on the upper side of the L-shaped rod. The vertical movement of the L-shaped rod can be restricted, so that the valve plate and the water inlet hole can be stably abutted, thereby preventing the valve plate from being driven to open by water pressure during the continued diving of the sampling tube, causing water bodies of different depths to mix in the sampling tube, thereby ensuring the accuracy of water sample collection.

[0029] 3. During the diving process, the sealing plate of the placement seat automatically rotates open due to the resistance of the water body, which facilitates the exchange of water in the base with that in the water area. When the base is hovering, the water inside is the water at the hovering height. At the same time, the sealing plate rotates in the opposite direction due to gravity to fit the base, and impurities in the water are intercepted by the filter cartridge, which helps to improve the accuracy of water sample collection. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dissection of the placement seat structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the placement seat structure of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional view of the sampling tube structure of the present invention; Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the one-way water inlet valve of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure disassembly of the filter assembly of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the driving rod and the filter cartridge of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aeration assembly of the present invention; Fig. 9 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the winding wheel and the fixing plate structure of the present invention; Fig.10 For the present invention Fig. 9 A is an enlarged schematic diagram of the structural anatomy at center A; Fig.11 It is a schematic diagram of the disassembly of the slide plate and the limit rod structure of the present invention; Fig.12 It is a schematic diagram of the positioning block structure of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure: 1. Placement seat; 101. Base; 102. Cylinder; 103. Cover plate; 104. Sealing plate; 105. Counterweight; 2. Sampling tube; 3. One-way exhaust valve; 4. One-way water inlet valve; 401. Valve plate; 402. Spring 1; 403. U-shaped frame; 404. L-shaped rod; 405. Slide plate; 406. Fixed block; 407. Driving rod; 408. L-shaped plate; 409. Positioning block; 410. Torsion spring; 411. Positioning Groove; 5. Filter assembly; 501. Baffle; 502. Filter cartridge; 503. Water guide pipe; 504. Drive plate; 505. Winding wheel; 506. Control rope; 507. Block; 508. Spring 2; 509. Fixing plate; 510. Arc spring; 511. Slot; 6. Drive rod; 601. Gear; 602. Arc rack; 7. Aeration unit; 701. Aeration box; 702. Ring pipe; 703. Holder. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0033] Example 1, reference Figure 1-Figure 11 , which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides a reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector, including a placement seat 1, the placement seat 1 includes a base 101 with a cavity structure, a cylinder 102 is fixedly connected to the base 101, and a cover plate 103 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder 102, and a plurality of sampling cylinders 2 are installed on the base 101, a one-way exhaust valve 3 is installed on the upper part of the sampling cylinder 2, a one-way water inlet valve 4 is installed at the bottom of the sampling cylinder 2, a filter assembly 5 is installed on the top of the base 101, and a driving rod 6 is installed inside the base 101; the one-way water inlet valve 4 includes a valve plate 401 arranged in the sampling cylinder 2, the valve plate 401 is elastically connected to the sampling cylinder 2, and the valve plate 4 01 is abutted and matched with the water inlet hole opened at the bottom of the sampling tube 2, and the bottom of the valve plate 401 is fixedly connected with an L-shaped rod 404, and one side of the L-shaped rod 404 is abutted and matched with a slide plate 405, and the slide plate 405 is horizontally slidably set at the bottom of the sampling tube 2; the filter assembly 5 includes two baffles 501 fixedly connected to the base 101, and a filter cartridge 502 is rotatably connected between the two baffles 501. The filter cartridge 502 is connected to the base 101 and the one-way exhaust valve 3. A control rope 506 is provided on one side of the filter cartridge 502, and the control rope 506 is used to drive the filter cartridge 502 to rotate, and the filter cartridge 502 is matched with the driving rod 6 to drive the slide plate 405 to move.

[0034] Specifically, when the placement seat 1 is in the water, the baffle plate 501 cooperates with the filter cartridge 502 to intercept impurities in the water on the outside, and the filtered water enters the base 101. The slide plate 405 abuts against the lower end of the L-shaped rod 404 to limit the movement of the valve plate 401, so that the placement seat 1 will not automatically open due to water pressure when diving in the water. After the placement seat 1 dives to the water intake depth, it remains suspended, and the filter cartridge 502 is driven to rotate a certain angle by pulling the control rope 506 upward. The driving rod 6 is driven by the filter cartridge 502 to rotate a certain angle, and the driving rod 6 contacts the slide plate 405 in one of the one-way water inlet valves 4, and drives the slide plate 405 to move horizontally to cancel its contact with the L-shaped rod 404. At this time, under the action of water pressure, the valve in the one-way water inlet valve 4 The plate 401 opens automatically, allowing water to enter the sampling cylinder 2. At the same time, the gas in the sampling cylinder 2 moves into the filter cylinder 502 through the one-way exhaust valve 3. The gas forms bubbles in the water and passes through the filter cylinder 502 when surging upward, which can take away the impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cylinder 502. Similarly, each time the control rope 506 is pulled, the filter cylinder 502 rotates a certain angle, and the driving rod 6 contacts the next adjacent one-way water inlet valve 4, so that the corresponding sampling cylinder 2 is opened to collect water samples. The gas in the sampling cylinder 2 is discharged to take away the impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cylinder 502, avoiding clogging of the filter cylinder 502. When the sampling cylinder 2 is full of water, its internal water pressure is the same as the external water pressure, and the valve plate 401 rebounds under the action of elastic force to abut against the water inlet hole, so that the sampling cylinder 2 is automatically sealed.

[0035] Among them, refer to Figure 2-Figure 4 The base 101 is provided with a socket compatible with the sampling tube 2. After the lower end of the sampling tube 2 is inserted into the base 101, the cover 103 is threadedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder 102 to limit the upper end of the sampling tube 2, so that the sampling tube 2 can be stably placed on the placement seat 1. The sampling tube 2 can be removed by unscrewing the cover 103. The sampling tube 2 is composed of a measuring cup and a sealing cover threadedly connected to its upper end. Different digital labels are engraved on the surface of each sampling tube 2, and the same digital labels corresponding to the numbers of the sampling tube 2 are engraved on the cylinder 102. The numbers of each sampling tube 2 increase sequentially, which can correspond to the gradually diving water sampling depth, and can avoid errors caused by detecting the water sample in the sampling tube 2.

[0036] A cross bar is fixedly provided on the top of the cylinder 102. After one end of the hoisting rope of the winch or the winding drum is bolted to the cross bar, the device can be driven to dive in the water. At the same time, the control rope 506 can be synchronously wound on the winch or the winding drum so that it can be reeled synchronously with the hoisting rope.

[0037] Reference Figure 5 The top of the valve plate 401 is elastically connected to a U-shaped frame 403 through a spring 402, and the U-shaped frame 403 is fixedly installed in the sampling tube 2.

[0038] Specifically, the water inlet hole and the valve plate 401 are both circular, the diameter of the valve plate 401 is larger than the diameter of the water inlet hole, and the spring 1 402 applies downward pressure to the valve plate 401, so that the valve plate 401 abuts against the water inlet hole, so that the sampling tube 2 remains in a sealed state.

[0039] A waterproof ring with telescopic deformation is fixedly provided on the lower side of the valve plate 401, and the sealing performance is improved by the waterproof ring being in close contact with the water inlet hole.

[0040] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 6 , Figure 8 A water guide pipe 503 is provided on one side of the filter cartridge 502, and both ends of the water guide pipe 503 are respectively connected and fixed to the base 101 and one of the baffles 501, and an aeration unit 7 is provided in the filter cartridge 502, and the aeration unit 7 is connected to the one-way exhaust valve 3; the aeration unit 7 includes an aeration box 701 arranged in the filter cartridge 502, the aeration box 701 passes through one of the baffles 501 through an air pipe and is connected to an annular tube 702, the annular tube 702 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder 102, and a plurality of clamping seats 703 are evenly distributed on the annular tube 702, and the clamping seats 703 pass through the cylinder 102 and are clamped and matched with the one-way exhaust valve 3.

[0041] Specifically, a plurality of filter holes are provided on the surface of the filter cartridge 502, and the filter holes intercept impurities in the water on the outside. The water enters the base 101 through the water conduit 503, thereby preventing impurities in the water from clogging the one-way water inlet valve 4 and making it unable to close. When one of the sampling cartridges 2 is collecting water samples, the gas in the sampling cartridge 2 is discharged through the one-way exhaust valve 3 and flows into the annular tube 702 through the holder 703, and then flows into the aeration box 701 through the air pipe. The gas is discharged through the plurality of aeration holes provided on the upper part of the aeration box 701 to form fine bubbles. The bubbles surge upward and carry away impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cartridge 502 when passing through the filter cartridge 502, thereby preventing the filter cartridge 502 from being blocked and enabling the filter cartridge 502 to maintain effective impurity interception.

[0042] Among them, the one-way exhaust valve 3 is used to exhaust the internal gas of the sampling tube 2 to the outside. A rubber pad is fixed on the side of the holder 703 facing the one-way exhaust valve 3. The port of the one-way exhaust valve 3 abuts against the rubber pad to achieve communication with the annular tube 702 to prevent gas leakage.

[0043] Reference Figure 2 , Figure 7 One end of the driving rod 6 is arc-shaped, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, which is rotatably connected to the base 101. A gear 601 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the rotating shaft. Two arc-shaped racks 602 are symmetrically fixed on the filter cartridge 502, and the arc-shaped racks 602 are meshed with the gear 601 for transmission.

[0044] Specifically, the rotating shaft is arranged at the axis center of the base 101. Every time the filter cartridge 502 rotates once, one of the arc-shaped racks 602 engages with the gear 601 to drive the drive rod 6 to rotate about the axis center of the base 101. The arc-shaped end of the drive rod 6 contacts the slide plate 405 to drive the slide plate 405 to move to the side away from the drive rod 6, so that the slide plate 405 cancels the limit on the L-shaped rod 404.

[0045] Reference Fig.11 The slide plate 405 is slidably arranged on the guide rail, and the guide rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sampling tube 2. One end of the slide plate 405 is fixedly connected with a fixed block 406, and the bottom of the fixed block 406 is abutted against the L-shaped rod 404. The other end of the slide plate 405 is vertically slidably connected with a cylindrical driving rod 407, and the driving rod 407 is in sliding contact with the arc portion of the driving rod 6.

[0046] Specifically, the moving direction of the slide plate 405 is set perpendicular to the moving direction of the L-shaped rod 404. When the lower end of the fixed block 406 abuts against the L-shaped rod 404, the valve plate 401 cannot move, thereby preventing the water pressure from driving the valve plate 401 to open automatically. After the arc-shaped end of the driving rod 6 contacts the driving rod 407, it drives the slide plate 405 to slide to the right, and the fixed block 406 cancels the contact with the L-shaped rod 404. Then the water pressure drives the valve plate 401 to rise, and the L-shaped rod 404 rises until the slide plate 405 rises.

[0047] It can be understood that when the sampling tube 2 is suspended in the air, the driving rod 407 slides downward on the slide 405 so that its lower end protrudes from the bottom of the sampling tube 2. When the driving rod 6 rotates, it can contact the driving rod 407. When the sampling tube 2 is placed on the ground or on a table, the driving rod 407 can automatically slide to the upper side of the slide 405, so that the sampling tube 2 can be placed vertically and stably.

[0048] Reference Figure 6 , Fig. 9 , Fig.10 A coupling is fixedly connected to one side of the filter cartridge 502, the coupling passes through one of the baffles 501 and is fixedly connected to a driving plate 504, a winding wheel 505 is rotatably connected to the driving plate 504, and a control rope 506 is wound around the winding wheel 505; a plurality of trapezoidal blocks 507 are slidably connected to the driving plate 504, one side of the block 507 is elastically connected to the driving plate 504 through a spring 508, and the other side abuts and cooperates with a slot 511 provided on the winding wheel 505.

[0049] Specifically, when the control rope 506 is pulled upward, it drives the winding wheel 505 to rotate counterclockwise, and the slot 511 drives the driving plate 504 connected to the block 507 to rotate synchronously, so that the connecting shaft drives the filter cartridge 502 to rotate half a circle, and a rotation damping is provided at the connection between the connecting shaft and the baffle 501. When the winding wheel 505 rotates in the opposite direction, the inclined surface of the slot 511 abuts against the inclined surface of the block 507, and the block 507 is forced to slide into the driving plate 504 to drive the spring 2 508 to compress, so that the winding wheel 505 can only drive the filter cartridge 502 to rotate in one direction, thereby avoiding the reverse rotation of the driving rod 6 causing the water intake sequence of the sampling tube 2 to be disordered.

[0050] Reference Fig. 9 A fixing plate 509 connected and fixed to the base 101 is provided on one side of the winding wheel 505, and a plurality of arc springs 510 are elastically connected between the winding wheel 505 and the fixing plate 509.

[0051] Specifically, when the winding wheel 505 rotates counterclockwise, the arc spring 510 is stretched and stored. After the pulling of the control rope 506 is canceled, the arc spring 510 contracts and drives the winding wheel 505 to rotate in the opposite direction and reset. It can be understood that, referring to Figure 2 and Fig. 9 The control rope 506 passes through two limit rods fixedly connected to the cylinder 102, and a positioning column is fixedly provided at the position of the control rope 506 between the two limit rods. The positioning column cooperates with the limit rod to limit the moving distance of the control rope 506, so that the filter cylinder 502 can be controlled to rotate the same angle each time.

[0052] Reference Figure 3 A plurality of counterweight blocks 105 are evenly distributed on the outside of the cylinder 102 .

[0053] Specifically, the counterweight block 105 is spaced apart from the sampling tube 2, and the counterweight block 105 is used to overcome the buoyancy of the sampling tube 2 in the water, so that when each sampling tube 2 is unloaded, the counterweight block 105 can drive the entire device to dive in the water.

[0054] Example 2, reference Figure 11-Figure 12 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: an L-shaped plate 408 is fixedly connected to the middle of the skateboard 405, and a positioning block 409 with a water drop-shaped structure is provided on the lower side of the L-shaped plate 408. The upper end of the positioning block 409 is rotatably connected to the skateboard 405, and the upper end is elastically connected to the skateboard 405 through a torsion spring 410. The lower end of the positioning block 409 is provided with a positioning groove 411 that is compatible with the L-shaped rod 404.

[0055] Specifically, after the L-shaped rod 404 cancels its contact with the fixed block 406 and moves upward through the sliding plate 405, the arc-shaped end of the driving rod 6 continues to drive the sliding plate 405 to slide, so that the L-shaped plate 408 is located on the lower right side of the L-shaped rod 404. When the sampling tube 2 is full of water, the spring 1 402 drives the valve plate 401 to reset and abut against the lower end of the sampling tube 2. At this time, the L-shaped rod 404 slides and contacts with the positioning block 409 when it descends, and the positioning block 409 rotates counterclockwise. When the L-shaped rod 404 is located on the lower side of the positioning block 409, the torsion spring 410 drives the positioning block 409 to reset, so that the positioning groove 411 is located at the upper end of the L-shaped rod 404, thereby limiting the upward movement of the L-shaped rod 404.

[0056] It is understandable that when the sampling tube 2 is filled with water samples, the pressure inside the sampling tube 2 is the same as that in the water area. At this time, the pressure between the valve plate 401 and the water inlet is relatively small. When the sampling tube 2 continues to dive, the contact between the valve plate 401 and the water may cause a gap between the valve plate 401 and the water inlet, allowing water from a deeper depth to enter the sampling tube 2, thereby causing water at different depths to mix. Using the positioning groove 411 to limit the movement of the L-shaped rod 404 can prevent the valve plate 401 from opening, so that the sampling tube 2 can maintain a stable sealing state after collecting water samples, avoiding mixing with water at other depths, and improving sampling accuracy. The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0057] Example 3, reference Figure 3 , Figure 4 , which is the third embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the second embodiment in that: a plurality of water exchange holes are opened on the upper and lower sides of the base 101, and a sealing plate 104 is abutted against the upper side of the water exchange hole, and the sealing plate 104 is hinged to the base 101.

[0058] Specifically, when the placement seat 1 dives, the sealing plate 104 can automatically open due to the resistance of water, so that the water body can pass through the base 101 during the descent of the placement seat 1, and the water inside can be exchanged with the outside when the base 101 is at the previous depth, avoiding the presence of water at different depths in the base 101. When the placement seat 1 is suspended, the sealing plate 104 rotates under the action of gravity to fit the base 101. At this time, the water body in the water area can only enter the base 101 through the filter cartridge 502.

[0059] A filter is fixed in the water exchange hole to prevent impurities from directly entering the base 101 during the submergence of the placement seat 1. The remaining structure is the same as that of the second embodiment.

[0060] In summary, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: the lifting rope is released by a winch or a winding drum to drive the device to dive in the water. When it dives to a specified depth, the placement seat 1 is suspended, and water enters the base 101 through the filter cartridge 502. The control rope 506 is pulled upward, and the winding wheel 505 drives the driving plate 504 to rotate. The filter cartridge 502 rotates half a circle, and one of the arc-shaped racks 602 is engaged with the gear 601 to drive the driving rod 6 to rotate the moving angle. The arc-shaped end of the driving rod 6 contacts the driving rod 407 to drive the slide plate 405 to move to the side away from the driving rod 6, so that the fixed block 406 cancels the contact with the L-shaped rod 404. Then the water pressure drives the valve plate 401 to rise, and the water enters the corresponding sampling tube 2 through the water inlet hole at the valve plate 401. At the same time, the sampling tube 2 The gas is discharged through the one-way exhaust valve 3 and flows into the annular tube 702 through the holder 703, and then flows into the aeration box 701 through the air pipe. The gas is discharged through the multiple aeration holes opened on the upper part of the aeration box 701 to form fine bubbles. The bubbles surge upward and can take away the impurities on the outer side of the upper part of the filter cartridge 502 when passing through the filter cartridge 502, thereby avoiding blockage of the filter cartridge 502 and enabling the filter cartridge 502 to maintain effective impurity interception. When the sampling cylinder 2 is full of water, its internal water pressure is the same as that of the outside world, and the valve plate 401 rebounds under the elastic force to abut against the water inlet hole, so that the sampling cylinder 2 is automatically sealed, and the L-shaped rod 404 is located at the lower side of the positioning block 409 at this time. The one-way water inlet valve 4 can be prevented from opening again by limiting the movement of the L-shaped rod 404 through the positioning groove 411.

[0061] When it is necessary to continue diving to another designated depth to collect water again, as above, by pulling the control rope 506, the drive rod 6 can drive the one-way water inlet valve 4 in the next adjacent sampling tube 2 to open, so that each sampling tube 2 can collect water bodies at different designated depths separately.

[0062] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector, characterized by: The placing seat (1) comprises a base (101) with a cavity structure, a cylinder (102) is fixedly connected to the base (101), a cover plate (103) is threadedly connected to the upper end of the cylinder (102), a plurality of sampling cylinders (2) are installed on the base (101), a one-way exhaust valve (3) is installed on the upper part of the sampling cylinder (2), a one-way water inlet valve (4) is installed on the bottom of the sampling cylinder (2), a filter assembly (5) is installed on the top of the base (101), and a driving rod (6) is installed inside the base (101); The one-way water inlet valve (4) comprises a valve plate (401) arranged in the sampling tube (2), the valve plate (401) being elastically connected to the sampling tube (2), the valve plate (401) being in abutment with a water inlet hole provided at the bottom of the sampling tube (2), and an L-shaped rod (404) being fixedly connected to the bottom of the valve plate (401), a slide plate (405) being in abutment with one side of the L-shaped rod (404), and the slide plate (405) being transversely slidably arranged at the bottom of the sampling tube (2); The filter assembly (5) comprises two baffles (501) fixedly connected to the base (101); a filter cartridge (502) is rotatably connected between the two baffles (501); the filter cartridge (502) is connected to the base (101) and the one-way exhaust valve (3); a control rope (506) is provided on one side of the filter cartridge (502); the control rope (506) is used to drive the filter cartridge (502) to rotate; and the filter cartridge (502) cooperates with the drive rod (6) to drive the slide plate (405) to move.

2. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the valve plate (401) is elastically connected to a U-shaped frame (403) via a spring 1 (402), and the U-shaped frame (403) is fixedly installed in the sampling tube (2).

3. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water guide pipe (503) is provided on one side of the filter cartridge (502), and two ends of the water guide pipe (503) are respectively connected and fixed to the base (101) and one of the baffles (501), and an aeration unit (7) is provided inside the filter cartridge (502), and the aeration unit (7) is connected to the one-way exhaust valve (3); The aeration unit (7) comprises an aeration box (701) arranged in the filter cartridge (502); the aeration box (701) passes through one of the baffles (501) via an air pipe and is connected to an annular tube (702); the annular tube (702) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the cylinder (102); a plurality of clamping seats (703) are evenly distributed on the annular tube (702); the clamping seats (703) pass through the cylinder (102) and are clamped and matched with the one-way exhaust valve (3).

4. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the driving rod (6) is in an arc shape, and the other end is fixedly connected to a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the base (101), the upper end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected to a gear (601), and two arc-shaped racks (602) are symmetrically fixed on the filter cartridge (502), and the arc-shaped racks (602) are meshed with the gears (601) for transmission.

5. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slide plate (405) is slidably arranged on a guide rail, and the guide rail is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sampling tube (2). One end of the slide plate (405) is fixedly connected to a fixed block (406), and the bottom of the fixed block (406) is abutted against the L-shaped rod (404). The other end of the slide plate (405) is vertically slidably connected to a cylindrical driving rod (407), and the driving rod (407) is in sliding contact with the arc portion of the driving rod (6).

6. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: An L-shaped plate (408) is fixedly connected to the middle of the slide plate (405), and a positioning block (409) in a water drop-shaped structure is provided on the lower side of the L-shaped plate (408). The upper end of the positioning block (409) is rotatably connected to the slide plate (405), and the upper end is elastically connected to the slide plate (405) via a torsion spring (410). The lower end of the positioning block (409) is provided with a positioning groove (411) adapted to the L-shaped rod (404).

7. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting shaft is fixedly connected to one side of the filter cartridge (502), the connecting shaft passes through one of the baffles (501) and is fixedly connected to a driving plate (504), a winding wheel (505) is rotatably connected to the driving plate (504), and the control rope (506) is wound on the winding wheel (505); A plurality of trapezoidal-structured clamping blocks (507) are slidably connected to the driving plate (504); one side of the clamping block (507) is elastically connected to the driving plate (504) via a second spring (508), and the other side is in abutment with a clamping groove (511) provided on the winding wheel (505).

8. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 7, characterized in that: A fixing plate (509) connected and fixed to the base (101) is provided on one side of the winding wheel (505), and a plurality of arc springs (510) are elastically connected between the winding wheel (505) and the fixing plate (509).

9. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (101) is provided with a plurality of water exchange holes on the upper and lower sides, and a sealing plate (104) is abutted against the upper side of the water exchange hole, and the sealing plate (104) is hinged on the base (101).

10. The reservoir and lake geographical and hydrological information collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of counterweight blocks (105) are evenly distributed on the outside of the cylinder (102).

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