Experimental device and experimental method for simulating combustion state of forest combustible

Abstract

The invention provides an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating the combustion state of forest combustibles, and relates to the technical field of forest fire simulation research. Comprising a wind generating system, an experiment cabin, a combustion platform, a temperature control system and an exhaust system, the smoldering combustion characteristic and the smoldering-to-open fire conversion mechanism of forest combustible materials under different environment wind speeds, wind directions, terrain slope angles and heating conditions can be studied through a wind generation system, a combustion platform, a temperature control system and the like with adjustable parameters. Another purpose of the invention is to provide an experimental method for simulating the combustion state of the forest combustible, and through the experimental device for simulating the combustion state of the forest combustible provided by the invention, the combustion process of the forest combustible under different environment wind speeds, wind directions, terrain slope angles and heating conditions can be completely observed and recorded; and a theoretical data basis is further provided for research on forest underground fire and conversion from the underground fire to the surface open fire.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire simulation research, and in particular to an experimental device and an experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles. Background Art

[0002] Forest fire refers to a forest fire that loses human control, spreads and expands freely in woodlands, causing certain harm and losses to forests, forest ecosystems and humans. It is characterized by suddenness, great destructiveness, and difficulty in handling and rescuing.

[0003] Forest humus refers to the residues formed after organic matter such as dead branches and leaves, dead wood and dead grass in the forest ecosystem is decomposed by microorganisms. The transformation of smoldering humus to open flames is an important factor in the initiation and spread of forest fires.

[0004] The smoldering to open flame mechanism (StF) is an important mechanism that induces the resurgence of forest fires. However, the current scientific understanding of the characteristics of forest smoldering to open flame transition is still insufficient. The existing related experimental devices mainly focus on the one-dimensional smoldering to open flame transition research of ambient wind penetrating combustibles (the burner is closed on all sides), which cannot fully and accurately simulate the influence of wind speed above combustibles in nature, which may lead to deviations between the experimental results and the actual forest fire situation; and the existing devices generally use constant heating power to induce combustible smoldering, and generally perform horizontal tests, which cannot simulate the influence of heating power and slope angle on smoldering fires that change over time.

[0005] Furthermore, the existing testing methods mainly test the changes in temperature, mass loss, etc. of combustible solids during the transition from smoldering to open flames, while the monitoring and analysis of other important parameters during the transition from smoldering to open flames (such as the amount of pyrolysis gas generated, the physical structure changes of the carbon layer behind the smoldering zone, etc.) are not comprehensive enough.

[0006] In summary, providing an experimental device that can study the effects of the coupling of environment, terrain and heating conditions on smoldering and the transition from smoldering to open flames will help deepen the understanding of the mechanism of the transition from smoldering to open flames under natural conditions and provide a rich data basis for preventing and controlling forest fires caused by smoldering fires. Summary of the invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating the combustion state of forest combustibles, which can study the combustion characteristics and flame morphology changes (such as the transition from smoldering to open flames) of forest combustibles under different environmental wind speeds, wind directions, terrain slope angles and heating conditions through a wind-generating system, a combustion platform, a temperature control system, etc. with adjustable parameters.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles. Through the experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles provided by the present invention, the combustion process of forest combustibles under different environmental wind speeds, wind directions, terrain slope angles and heating conditions can be fully observed and recorded, thereby further providing a theoretical data basis for studying the occurrence of forest fires.

[0009] The embodiment of the present invention is achieved as follows:

[0010] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles, which includes a wind generation system, an experimental cabin, a combustion platform, a temperature control system, and an exhaust system.

[0011] The wind-generating system comprises a fan and a wind speed control system, the wind speed control system being electrically connected to the fan and used to regulate the wind force generated by the fan;

[0012] The above-mentioned experimental cabin is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet at both ends, and honeycomb panels are fixedly installed at the air inlet and the air outlet. A fairing is also provided at the air inlet, and the fairing is connected to the fan and the air inlet; an opening is provided on the bottom of the experimental cabin for the combustion platform to pass through; and observation windows are provided on the top and front of the experimental cabin;

[0013] The combustion platform comprises a combustion furnace, a lifting platform and a slide rail. The combustion furnace is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. A plurality of heating rods are arranged inside the combustion furnace. The temperature control system is electrically connected to the heating rods to thereby regulate the temperature of the heating rods. The lifting platform is mounted above the slide rail and can slide relative to the slide rail.

[0014] The exhaust system is connected to the air outlet.

[0015] In some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of guide plates are rotatably provided on the honeycomb plate at the air inlet, and the plurality of guide plates are arranged side by side;

[0016] Furthermore, a plurality of openings are evenly distributed on the front and rear side walls of the combustion furnace, and the heating rods extend into the combustion furnace through the openings, and thermocouples are provided on the surfaces of the heating rods;

[0017] Furthermore, the size of the opening is adapted to the size of the combustion furnace, and the combustion furnace is mounted on an angle adjustment plate above the lifting platform, and the angle adjustment plate allows the angle between the combustion furnace and the lifting platform to be adjustable within a range of 0-45°.

[0018] In some embodiments of the present invention, the above-mentioned experimental device also includes a camera system, which includes fill lights installed at the four corners of the top surface of the experimental cabin, a video monitoring device and a data analysis recorder installed on the top of the experimental cabin, and the video monitoring device records the experimental process through the observation window on the top of the experimental cabin, and transmits the shooting results to the data analysis recorder in real time;

[0019] Furthermore, the observation windows on the front of the above-mentioned experimental cabin are hinged to the experimental cabin, and the observation windows are all made of tempered defogger glass. A wind sensor for detecting wind speed and wind direction is also provided on the side of the front of the experimental cabin close to the air inlet.

[0020] In some embodiments of the present invention, the exhaust system includes a 90° exhaust pipe, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected to the air outlet through a flange, the other end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke collecting hood, an exhaust fan is provided inside the smoke collecting hood, and a plurality of gas sampling holes are also provided on the right side of the exhaust pipe;

[0021] Furthermore, the exhaust system also includes a flue gas analyzer, which is detachably connected to the gas sampling hole.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles, which uses an experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles provided in an embodiment of the present application, and includes the following steps:

[0023] S1. Sample processing: select forest humus samples, dry them at 60-90°C for 8-12h, and then crush and sieve the dried samples to obtain the combustible material with a particle size of 1-3cm;

[0024] S2. Loading, filling the above-mentioned combustible material into the combustion furnace, adjusting the position and height of the lifting platform, aligning the combustion furnace with the opening at the bottom of the experimental cabin, and then adjusting the angle between the combustion furnace and the lifting platform to a preset angle through the angle adjustment plate;

[0025] S3. Pretreatment: Before the experiment, the peak temperature, temperature rise rate and temperature holding time of the heating rod are pre-set by the temperature control system, and then several heating rods are inserted into the openings;

[0026] S4. Ventilation: turn on the wind speed control system, adjust the wind speed to the preset value, and use the wind sensor to confirm whether the wind speed and wind direction reach the preset values ​​required for the experiment;

[0027] S5. Ignition. After confirming that the wind speed and wind direction in step S4 have reached the preset values ​​required for the experiment, adjust the height of the lifting platform so that the combustion furnace can completely enter the experimental cabin through the opening, turn on the temperature control system to make the heating rod start heating according to the preset value, and simultaneously turn on the camera system, exhaust fan and flue gas analyzer to record the combustion process and flue gas emission data in real time;

[0028] S6. Ending: After the combustion of the above-mentioned combustibles is completed, the temperature control system, wind speed control system, camera system, exhaust fan and flue gas analyzer are turned off in sequence, and the observation window on the front of the experimental cabin is opened to deal with the embers, and then the data collected during the experiment are analyzed and processed.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0030] 1. This experimental device can simulate the effects of different wind directions, wind speeds, terrain slopes and heating conditions on the smoldering of forest combustibles and the transition from smoldering to open fire;

[0031] 2. This experimental device is more closely related to the scene of the transformation of smoldering combustibles to open flames under forced convection conditions in actual forest fire scenes; it is conducive to deepening the understanding of the mechanism of the transformation from smoldering to open flames under natural conditions, and provides a rich data basis for the prevention and control of forest fires caused by smoldering fires.

[0032] 3. This experimental device effectively solves the current status of combustion testing technology without coupling environment, terrain and heating conditions. At the same time, it can realize fire experiments of forward and reverse smoldering and smoldering to open flame by changing the position of the heating rod, filling the research gap of reverse smoldering and smoldering to open flame under different environmental and terrain conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 It is an overall schematic diagram of the experimental device in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is an overall schematic diagram of a combustion platform in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 3 A perspective view of an experimental cabin in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a diagram analyzing the results of the forward smoldering experiment in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the results of the reverse smoldering experiment in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Icons: 1-fan, 2-wind speed control system, 3-experimental cabin, 301-air inlet, 302-air outlet, 303-opening, 304-observation window, 4-honeycomb panel, 5-fairing, 6-combustion platform, 601-combustion furnace, 602-lifting platform, 603-slide rail, 7-temperature control system, 8-guide plate, 6011-opening, 6021-angle adjustment plate, 9-camera system, 10-wind sensor, 11-smoke exhaust pipe, 12-gas sampling hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0041] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1-Figure 3 , Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall experimental device. This embodiment provides an experimental device for simulating the combustion state of forest combustibles, which includes a wind-generating system, an experimental cabin 3, a combustion platform 6, a temperature control system 7 and an exhaust system.

[0044] The wind-generating system includes a fan 1 and a wind speed control system 2. Optionally, the wind speed control system 2 uses a wind speed control inverter, which is electrically connected to the fan 1 and changes the air volume generated by the fan 1 by changing the speed of the fan 1. At the same time, in order to better simulate the natural wind environment of the forest, and to avoid the combustion temperature of the surface of the combustible material being taken away when the wind speed is too high, causing the smoldering to spread too fast and heat loss, thereby affecting the experimental results, the wind speed is preferably adjusted to 0-6m / s. In addition, the fan 1 can use a 15KW axial flow fan, which can provide sufficient volume flow rate to ensure the stability of the wind speed.

[0045] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 3It is a perspective view of the experimental cabin 3 in the embodiment of the present invention, with an air inlet 301 and an air outlet 302 respectively provided at both ends of the experimental cabin 3, and honeycomb panels 4 are fixedly installed at the air inlet 301 and the air outlet 302 for balancing and stabilizing the flow direction of wind; in addition, a fairing 5 is also provided at the air inlet 301, and the fairing 5 is respectively connected to the fan 1 and the air inlet 301 through flange connectors. Optionally, in order to further ensure the experimental results, a rubber ring can be set at the connection to ensure the air tightness of the entire experimental device.

[0046] Furthermore, a plurality of guide plates 8 are rotatably provided on the honeycomb panel 4 located at the air inlet 301. The plurality of guide plates 8 are arranged side by side from top to bottom. In actual use, the angle of the guide plates 8 needs to be adjusted in advance to determine the wind direction of this experiment.

[0047] The exhaust system includes a 90° exhaust pipe 11, one end of which is connected to the air outlet 302 via a flange; a smoke collecting hood is provided at the other end of the exhaust pipe 11, an exhaust fan is provided inside the smoke collecting hood, and the exhaust gas of the exhaust pipe 11 is discharged outdoors through the smoke collecting hood. In the present invention, the honeycomb panel 4, the axial flow fan and the exhaust pipe 11 are connected to reduce the interference of turbulence on the combustion process.

[0048] Furthermore, a plurality of gas sampling holes 12 are provided on the right side of the smoke exhaust pipe 11, and a Testo flue gas analyzer can be used to synchronously monitor the CO2, CO, CH4 and other gases generated by combustion.

[0049] Please refer to Figure 3 , Figure 2 The figure is an overall schematic diagram of the combustion platform 6 in the embodiment of the present invention. The combustion platform 6 includes a combustion furnace 601, a lifting platform 602 and a slide rail 603. Preferably, the main body of the combustion furnace 601 is made of aluminum silicate ceramic insulation material, with a wall thickness of 5 cm and an overall size of 75 cm×30 cm×5 cm. An angle adjustment plate 6021 is installed above the lifting platform 602, and two adjustment rods that can be extended and retracted in the vertical direction are hinged below the angle adjustment plate 6021, so that the angle adjustment plate 6021 can adjust its angle relative to the lifting platform 602 within the range of 0-45°. The combustion furnace 601 is fixedly installed on the angle adjustment plate 6021. This design can simulate the combustion state of forest combustibles under different slope conditions.

[0050] Optionally, the lifting platform 602 adopts a hydraulic lifting platform 602, which can provide smooth and continuous power to ensure the stability of the lifting platform 602 during the experiment; at the same time, four positioning rods (not shown in the figure) can be installed at the bottom of the combustion furnace 601. The positioning rods can correct the position error when the sample is lifted, so that the combustion furnace 601 can be lifted and lowered more smoothly, further ensuring the accuracy of the experiment and effectively avoiding slight shaking of the combustion furnace 601 during the experiment.

[0051] The bottom surface of the experimental chamber 3 is provided with an opening 303 for the combustion platform 6 to pass through, and its specific size is preferably 88cm×40cm, wherein the length is set to 88cm to ensure that the combustion furnace 601 can be used normally under slope conditions (increased side length).

[0052] Furthermore, four fixed V-shaped wheels are installed at the bottom of the lifting platform 602, two on each side, which are mounted on the slide rail 603 through the fixed V-shaped wheels so that the lifting platform 602 can slide relative to the slide rail 603. When in use, the horizontal position of the combustion furnace 601 is first adjusted by the guide rail, and the height of the combustion furnace 601 is adjusted by the lifting platform 602 so that the top is flush with the bottom opening 303 of the experimental cabin 3, and then the angle adjustment plate 6021 is adjusted to a preset angle.

[0053] Several heating rods are arranged inside the combustion furnace 601, and the surface of each heating rod is distributed with thermocouples. The temperature control system 7 is electrically connected to the heating rods, and can also collect real-time temperature data fed back by the thermocouples. During the experiment, the maximum value of the experimental heating temperature, the temperature rise rate and the insulation time are first pre-set through the temperature control system 7. After setting, the heating rods are inserted into the small holes on the side wall of the combustion furnace 601 one by one for standby.

[0054] Furthermore, observation windows 304 are provided on the top and front of the experimental cabin 3. The observation window 304 on the front of the experimental cabin 3 is hinged to the experimental cabin 3 and can be opened and closed by a knob device on the front of the experimental cabin 3. The observation window 304 on the top is fixedly connected to the experimental cabin 3. The observation windows 304 are all made of tempered defogger glass, which is convenient for visually observing the combustion phenomenon. A wind sensor 10 for detecting wind speed and wind direction is also provided on the side of the front of the experimental cabin 3 near the air inlet 301, which is convenient for real-time acquisition of wind speed and wind direction data during the experiment, and convenient for users to make adaptive adjustments.

[0055] The experimental device is also equipped with a camera system 9, which includes LED fill lights (not shown in the figure) installed at the four corners of the top surface of the experimental cabin 3, video monitoring equipment and data analysis recorder installed on the top of the experimental cabin 3. The video monitoring equipment can use an HDR high-definition digital camera, which records the experimental process through the observation window 304 on the top of the experimental cabin 3, and transmits the shooting results to the data analysis recorder in real time.

[0056] As a preferred embodiment, the multiple guide plates 8 in this example can also be connected by a rotating shaft, and a rotating rod is set to connect to the outside of the experimental cabin 3. The rotating shaft and the guide plate 8, the rotating rod and the rotating shaft are respectively engaged by gears. The user can adjust the angle of the guide plate 8 by turning the rotating rod, thereby adjusting the experimental wind direction.

[0057] Example 2

[0058] This embodiment provides an experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles, which uses Figure 1-Figure 3 The experimental setup shown in the figure has the following specific steps:

[0059] S1. Sample processing: select humus samples (dead leaves, dead branches, bark, etc.) picked up from the forest, put them into a drying oven, dry them at 90°C for 12 hours, and then crush and sieve the dried samples to obtain the combustible materials with a particle size of 1-3 cm;

[0060] S2. Loading, evenly filling the combustion furnace 601 with the material to be combusted, adjusting the horizontal position and height of the lifting platform 602, aligning the combustion furnace 601 with the opening 303 at the bottom of the experimental chamber 3, and then adjusting the angle between the combustion furnace 601 and the lifting platform 602 to the angle required for the experiment through the angle adjustment plate 6021 to simulate the slope terrain; in this embodiment, the slope terrain can be adjusted within the range of 0-45°, and the specific value can be adaptively adjusted according to the experimental requirements;

[0061] S3. Pretreatment. Before the experiment, the peak temperature of the heating rod is pre-set to 480°C, the temperature rise rate is 160°C / min, and the temperature holding time is 1h by the temperature control system 7. Then, several heating rods are inserted into the opening 6011 of the combustion furnace 601 one by one;

[0062] It should be noted that the openings 6011 on the front and rear side walls of the combustion furnace 601 are evenly distributed. When in use, the heating rod does not need to be inserted into every opening 6011, but should be adaptively adjusted according to the research object and conditions of this experiment. For example: if you want to study the combustion effect of the combustible under the condition of forward smoldering, you only need to insert the heating rods into the openings 6011 near the air inlet 301; similarly, to study the combustion effect of the combustible under the condition of reverse smoldering, you only need to insert the heating rods into the openings 6011 near the air outlet 302;

[0063] S4. Ventilation, open the wind speed control system 2, adjust the wind speed to 1m / s; adjust the deflector 8 so that the wind direction flows toward the 5 o'clock direction; then turn on the fan 1 for ventilation for a period of time, and confirm through the wind sensor 10 whether the wind speed and wind direction have reached the set value and whether the wind speed is stable;

[0064] S5. Ignition. After confirming that the wind speed and wind direction in the above step S4 have reached the preset values ​​required for the experiment, adjust the height of the lifting platform 602 so that the combustion furnace 601 can completely enter the experimental chamber 3 through the opening 303, and then turn on the temperature control system 7 to make the heating rod start heating according to the preset value, and simultaneously turn on the camera system 9, exhaust fan and flue gas analyzer to record the combustion process and flue gas emission data in real time;

[0065] S6. Ending: After the combustion of the combustible material is completed, the temperature control system 7, the wind speed control system 2, the camera system 9, the exhaust fan and the flue gas analyzer are turned off in sequence, and the observation window 304 on the front of the experimental cabin 3 is opened to deal with the embers, and then the data collected during the experiment are analyzed and processed.

[0066] Example 3

[0067] This embodiment adopts an experimental method provided in Embodiment 2 to simulate the combustion state of forest combustibles. By setting heating rods in different positions, the combustion state of forest humus under the conditions of forward smoldering and reverse smoldering is studied. The forward smoldering experiment was repeated 8 times, and the depth of the heating rod was set to 0.5cm, 2.5cm and 4.5cm from the surface, respectively. The wind speed was set to 0.3m / s, and the combustion state of the humus and the temperature of the heating rod were observed. Similarly, the reverse smoldering experiment had basically the same data as the forward smoldering experiment, with the only difference being the position of the heating rod. The experimental results are as follows. Figure 4 (Forward smoldering test result analysis diagram) and Figure 5 (Analysis diagram of reverse smoldering experiment results) shown.

[0068] pass Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be analyzed that under the same wind speed, the temperature required for forward smoldering is about 450°C, which increases with the increase of the depth of the heating rod, and the time required for the transition from smoldering to open flame is about 2800s; the temperature required for reverse smoldering is about 400°C, which also increases with the increase of the depth of the heating rod, and the time required for the transition from smoldering to open flame is about 2400s.

[0069] The above experimental results provide data support for studying the smoldering of forest combustibles and the transition from smoldering to open flames. Those skilled in the art can also study the effects of humus particle size and density, wind speed, etc. on the smoldering propagation speed by setting different parameters, which can provide certain data guidance for the prediction and prevention of forest smoldering fires.

[0070] In summary, the embodiment of the present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the combustion state of forest combustibles, which can simulate and study the effects of the coupling effects of different wind directions and wind speeds, terrain slopes and heating conditions on the smoldering of forest combustibles and the transition from smoldering to open flames through a wind-generating system with adjustable parameters, a combustion platform 6, a temperature control system, etc.

[0071] This experimental device is more closely related to the scene of the transformation of smoldering to open flames under forced convection conditions in actual forest fire scenes; it is conducive to deepening the understanding of the mechanism of the transformation from smoldering to open flames under natural conditions, and provides a rich data basis for the prevention and control of forest fires caused by smoldering fires;

[0072] This experimental device can also effectively solve the current status of combustion testing technology without coupling environment, terrain and heating conditions. At the same time, it can realize fire experiments of forward and reverse smoldering and smoldering to open flame by changing the position of the heating rod, filling the research gap of reverse smoldering and smoldering to open flame under different environmental and terrain conditions.

[0073] Another object of the present invention is to provide an experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles. Through the experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles provided by the present invention, the combustion process of forest combustibles under different environmental wind speeds, wind directions, terrain slope angles and heating conditions can be fully observed and recorded, thereby further providing a theoretical data basis for studying the occurrence of forest fires.

[0074] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the combustion state of forest combustibles, comprising a wind-generating system, an experimental cabin, a combustion platform, a temperature control system and an exhaust system, characterized in that: The wind-generating system comprises a fan and a wind speed control system, wherein the wind speed control system is electrically connected to the fan and is used to regulate the wind force generated by the fan; An air inlet and an air outlet are respectively provided at both ends of the experimental cabin, and honeycomb panels are fixedly installed at the air inlet and the air outlet. A fairing is also provided at the air inlet, and the fairing connects the fan and the air inlet; an opening is provided on the bottom surface of the experimental cabin for the combustion platform to pass through; and observation windows are provided on the top and front of the experimental cabin; The combustion platform comprises a combustion furnace, a lifting platform and a slide rail. The combustion furnace is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. A plurality of heating rods are arranged inside the combustion furnace. The temperature control system is electrically connected to the heating rods to thereby regulate the temperature of the heating rods. The lifting platform is mounted above the slide rail and can slide relative to the slide rail. The exhaust system is connected to the air outlet.

2. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of guide plates are rotatably provided on the honeycomb plate at the air inlet, and the plurality of guide plates are arranged side by side.

3. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 2, characterized in that: A plurality of openings are evenly distributed on the front and rear side walls of the combustion furnace. The heating rods extend into the combustion furnace through the openings, and thermocouples are arranged on the surfaces of the heating rods.

4. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 3, characterized in that: The size of the opening is matched with the size of the lifting platform, and the combustion furnace is installed on an angle adjustment plate above the lifting platform. The angle adjustment plate can adjust the angle between the combustion furnace and the lifting platform within the range of 0-45°.

5. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a camera system, which includes fill lights installed at the four corners of the top surface of the experimental cabin, a video monitoring device and a data analysis recorder mounted on the top of the experimental cabin. The video monitoring device records the experimental process through the observation window on the top of the experimental cabin, and transmits the shooting results to the data analysis recorder in real time.

6. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 5, characterized in that: The observation window on the front side of the experimental cabin is hinged to the experimental cabin, and the observation window is made of tempered defogger glass. A wind sensor for detecting wind speed and wind direction is also provided on the side of the front side of the experimental cabin close to the air inlet.

7. An experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The exhaust system includes a 90° smoke exhaust pipe, one end of which is connected to the air outlet via a flange, the other end of the smoke exhaust pipe is provided with a smoke collecting hood, an exhaust fan is provided inside the smoke collecting hood, and a plurality of gas sampling holes are also provided on the right side of the smoke exhaust pipe.

8. The experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles according to claim 7, characterized in that: It also includes a flue gas analyzer, which is detachably connected to the gas sampling hole.

9. An experimental method for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles, using the experimental device for simulating the burning state of forest combustibles as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Sample processing: select forest humus samples, dry them at 60-90°C for 8-12h, and then crush and sieve the dried samples to obtain the combustible material with a particle size of 1-3cm; S2. Loading, filling the burner with the material to be burned, adjusting the position and height of the lifting platform so that the combustion furnace is aligned with the opening at the bottom of the experimental chamber, and then adjusting the angle between the combustion furnace and the lifting platform to a preset angle through the angle adjustment plate; S3. Pretreatment: Before the experiment, the peak temperature, temperature rise rate and temperature holding time of the heating rod are pre-set by the temperature control system, and then a number of the heating rods are inserted into the opening; S4. Ventilation, turn on the wind speed control system, adjust the wind speed to a preset value, and confirm through the wind sensor whether the wind speed and wind direction reach the preset values ​​required for the experiment; S5. Ignition, after confirming that the wind speed and wind direction in step S4 have reached the preset values ​​required for the experiment, the height of the lifting platform is adjusted so that the combustion furnace can completely enter the experimental cabin through the opening, the temperature control system is turned on to make the heating rod start heating according to the preset value, and the camera system, the exhaust fan and the flue gas analyzer are turned on simultaneously to record the combustion process and flue gas emission data in real time; S6. Ending: After the combustion of the combustible material is completed, the temperature control system, the wind speed control system, the camera system, the exhaust fan and the flue gas analyzer are turned off in sequence, and the observation window on the front of the experimental chamber is opened to deal with the embers, and then the data collected during the experiment are analyzed and processed.

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