Water ecology monitoring system and method based on Internet of Things

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of water ecology monitoring, in particular to a water ecology monitoring system and method based on the Internet of Things, and the system comprises a box body, a sampling pipe, a conveying pipe, a lifting unit, a monitoring unit and a cleaning assembly; the cleaning assembly comprises a fixed pipe, a plurality of communicating pipes and two backwashing pipes, the communicating pipes are separated from the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe, and meanwhile the two backwashing pipes are located between the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe and are in butt joint with the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe; backwash cleaning of the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe is performed through the backwash pipe; and after cleaning is finished, the multiple communicating pipes rotate, then a new communicating pipe is located between the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe, and the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe are communicated again. Therefore, the sampling pipe and the conveying pipe can be backwashed at the same time, meanwhile, the communicating pipe used for communicating is replaced, then after the depth is switched, residual water of the previous depth does not exist on the inner wall of the pipeline, finally, the sampling quality is guaranteed, and the accuracy of ecological monitoring of water at different depths is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water ecology monitoring, and in particular to a water ecology monitoring system and method based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] In reservoirs or breeding ponds, in order to ensure the breeding environment of fish, it is necessary to monitor the water ecology so that timely intervention can be made when the water quality deteriorates. Currently, a base is set on the ground, and a lifting device is installed on the base. The lifting device then drives the sampling tube to move to different water depths for sampling, thereby completing comprehensive water ecological monitoring.

[0003] However, in the aforementioned prior art, after the sampling water pipe is sampled, when it moves to the next water depth, some residual water from the previous depth will remain on the inner wall, while in traditional sampling, sampling at different depths is usually carried out directly; therefore, the residual water on the inner wall of the water pipe will affect the accuracy of sampling, and ultimately affect the accuracy of monitoring of water ecology at different depths. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a water ecology monitoring system and method based on the Internet of Things, so as to solve the problem that after the sampling water pipe is sampled in the prior art, when it moves to the next water depth, some residual water from the previous depth will remain on the inner wall, while in traditional sampling, sampling at different depths is usually carried out directly; therefore, the residual water on the inner wall of the water pipe will affect the accuracy of sampling, and ultimately affect the accuracy of water ecology monitoring at different depths.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a box, a sampling tube, a delivery tube, a lifting unit, a monitoring unit and a cleaning component, wherein the lifting unit and the monitoring unit are both arranged inside the box, the sampling tube is arranged on the lifting unit, and the sampling tube is arranged on the monitoring unit;

[0006] The cleaning assembly includes a fixed pipe, a plurality of connecting pipes and two backwashing pipes. The two ends of the fixed pipe are respectively connected to the sampling pipe and the connecting pipe. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe. The two backwashing pipes are arranged inside the box and are located on one side of the connecting pipe.

[0007] Among them, the lifting unit includes a rotating drum, a first driving component, a water pump, a counterweight and a supporting mechanism. The rotating drum is arranged inside the box body, the first driving component is arranged inside the box body, the output end of the first driving component passes through the box body and is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, one end of the sampling tube is wound and arranged on the outside of the rotating drum, the other end of the sampling tube passes through the box body and is located outside the box body, the water pump is arranged at the other end of the sampling tube, the counterweight is arranged on the sampling tube and is located above the water pump, and the supporting mechanism is arranged on the box body.

[0008] Wherein, the supporting mechanism includes a supporting roller and two telescopic components, the two telescopic components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box, the output ends of the two telescopic components are fixedly connected to the supporting roller, and the supporting roller is located below the sampling tube.

[0009] Among them, the monitoring unit includes a first water tank, multiple diversion plates, multiple monitoring cylinders, multiple valves and multiple water ecology monitoring sensors. The first water tank is connected to the end of the delivery pipe away from the connecting pipe. The multiple diversion plates are arranged in sequence inside the first water tank. The multiple monitoring cylinders are connected to the bottom of the first water tank in sequence. The multiple valves and the multiple water ecology monitoring sensors are respectively arranged on the corresponding monitoring cylinders.

[0010] Among them, the cleaning component also includes an inclined plate, an Internet of Things controller, a bracket, a second driving component, a plurality of support rods and a plurality of connecting sealing units, the box body has a drain port, the inclined plate is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the box body, the Internet of Things controller is arranged on one side of the box body, the bracket is arranged on the inner top wall of the box body, the second driving component is arranged on the bracket, the plurality of support rods are distributed in sequence around the output end of the second driving component, the plurality of connecting pipes are respectively arranged at one end of the corresponding support rods, and the plurality of connecting sealing units are respectively arranged at both ends of the corresponding connecting pipes.

[0011] Among them, the connecting sealing unit includes two first electric push rods, a movable groove and a first sealing ring. The two first electric push rods are distributed on the outside of the connecting pipe in sequence. The output ends of the two first electric push rods are fixedly connected to the movable groove. The first sealing ring is installed inside the movable groove. The first sealing ring is connected to the conveying pipe and the fixed pipe.

[0012] Wherein, the cleaning assembly further comprises a first backwashing unit, and the first backwashing unit is arranged inside the box;

[0013] The first backwash unit includes a first water tank, a first water pump, a telescopic hose, a pushing component, a second water tank and two backwash docking mechanisms; the first water tank is installed on the inner wall of the box body, the first water pump is arranged on one side of the first water tank, the two ends of the telescopic hose are respectively connected with the water outlet end of the first water pump and the second water tank, the pushing component is arranged inside the box body, the output end of the pushing component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water tank, and the two backwash docking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the second water tank.

[0014] Among them, the backwash docking mechanism includes a second sealing ring, a support frame and a second electric push rod, the backwash pipe is connected to the second water tank, the second sealing ring is arranged at one end of the backwash pipe, the second sealing ring is adapted to the fixed rod and the delivery pipe, the support frame is arranged on one side of the second sealing ring, the second electric push rod is arranged on one side of the second water tank, and the output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the support frame.

[0015] Wherein, the cleaning assembly further comprises a second backwashing unit, and the second backwashing unit is arranged inside the box;

[0016] The second backwash unit includes a second water tank, a second water pump and a nozzle. The second water tank is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, the second water pump is arranged on one side of the second water tank, the water outlet end of the second water pump is connected to the nozzle, and the nozzle is located at one end of the corresponding connecting pipe.

[0017] The present invention also provides a water ecology monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, which adopts the water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things described above, and comprises the following steps:

[0018] By placing the box on the ground;

[0019] The sampling tube is put into water, and the lifting unit is started to adjust the depth of the sampling tube;

[0020] Pumping water into the sampling tube, passing through the fixed tube and the connecting tube, and reaching the delivery tube;

[0021] The sampled water arrives at the monitoring unit for water ecological monitoring;

[0022] After the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth;

[0023] The connecting pipe is separated from between the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe, and the two backwashing pipes are located between the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe and are connected to each other respectively;

[0024] Backwashing and cleaning the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe through the backwashing pipe;

[0025] After the cleaning is completed, the plurality of connecting pipes are rotated, and then a new connecting pipe is located between the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe, so that the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe are reconnected.

[0026] The water ecology monitoring system and method based on the Internet of Things of the present invention are as follows: the box is placed on the ground; the sampling tube is put into the water, the lifting unit is started, and the depth of the sampling tube is adjusted; water is pumped into the sampling tube, passes through the fixed tube and the connecting tube, and reaches the delivery tube; the sampled water reaches the monitoring unit for water ecology monitoring; after the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth; the connecting tube is separated from between the fixed tube and the delivery tube, and the two backwashing tubes are located between the fixed tube and the delivery tube, and are connected respectively; the fixed tube and the delivery tube are backwashed and cleaned through the backwashing tube; after the cleaning is completed, the multiple connecting tubes are rotated, and then the new connecting tube is located between the fixed tube and the delivery tube, and the fixed tube and the delivery tube are reconnected;

[0027] Through the above-mentioned structural setting, the sampling tube and the delivery tube can be backwashed at the same time, and the connecting tube used for connection can be replaced at the same time. Therefore, after switching the depth, there will be no residual water from the previous depth on the inner wall of the pipeline, which ultimately ensures the quality of sampling and improves the accuracy of water ecological monitoring at different depths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 It is a top view of the whole present invention.

[0031] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 AA line section view.

[0032] Figure 4 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at point B.

[0033] Figure 5 The present invention Figure 3 Enlarged view of the local structure at location C.

[0034] Figure 6It is the internal structure diagram of the box body of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a top view of the interior of the box of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 8 The present invention Figure 7 Enlarged view of the local structure at D.

[0037] Fig. 9 It is a flow chart of the steps of the water ecology monitoring method based on the Internet of Things of the present invention.

[0038] 1-box, 2-sampling tube, 3-transport pipe, 4-fixed pipe, 5-connecting pipe, 6-backwash pipe, 7-rotating drum, 8-first driving component, 9-water pump, 10-counterweight, 11-support roller, 12-telescopic component, 13-first water tank, 14-dividing plate, 15-monitoring cylinder, 16-valve, 17-water ecological monitoring sensor, 18-inclined plate, 19-Internet of Things controller, 20-bracket, 21-second driving component, 22-support rod, 23-drainage outlet, 24-first electric push rod, 25-movable groove, 26-first sealing ring, 27-first water tank, 28-first water pump, 29-telescopic hose, 30-pushing component, 31-second water tank, 32-sprinkler, 33-second sealing ring, 34-support frame, 35-second electric push rod, 36-second water tank, 37-second water pump. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, but should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0040] See also Figures 1 to 8The present invention provides a water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, including a box body 1, a sampling tube 2, a delivery tube 3, a lifting unit, a monitoring unit and a cleaning component, the cleaning component includes a fixed pipe 4, multiple connecting pipes 5 and two backwashing pipes 6, the lifting unit includes a rotating drum 7, a first driving component 8, a water pump 9, a counterweight block 10 and a supporting mechanism, the supporting mechanism includes a supporting roller 11 and two telescopic components 12, the monitoring unit includes a first water tank 13, multiple diverter plates 14, multiple monitoring cylinders 15, multiple valves 16 and multiple water ecology monitoring sensors 17, the cleaning component also includes an inclined plate 18, an Internet of Things controller 19, a bracket 20, a second driving component 21. Multiple support rods 22 and multiple connecting sealing units, the box body 1 has a drain port 23, the connecting sealing unit includes two first electric push rods 24, a movable groove 25 and a first sealing ring 26, the cleaning component also includes a first backwash unit, the first backwash unit includes a first water tank 27, a first water pump 28, a telescopic hose 29, a pushing component 30, a second water tank 31 and two backwash docking mechanisms; the backwash docking mechanism includes a backwash pipe 6, a second sealing ring 33, a support frame 34 and a second electric push rod 35, the cleaning component also includes a second backwash unit, the second backwash unit includes a second water tank 36, a second water pump 37 and a nozzle 32.

[0041] Wherein, the lifting unit and the monitoring unit are both arranged inside the housing 1, the sampling tube 2 is arranged on the lifting unit, the sampling tube 2 is arranged on the monitoring unit, the two ends of the fixed tube 4 are respectively connected with the sampling tube 2 and the connecting tube 5, the two ends in the connecting tube 5 are respectively connected with the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and the two backwashing tubes 6 are arranged inside the housing 1 and are located on one side of the connecting tube 5. By placing the housing 1 on the ground; the sampling tube 2 is put into the water, the lifting unit is started to adjust the depth of the sampling tube 2; water is drawn into the sampling tube 2, passes through the fixed tube 4 and the connecting tube 5, and reaches the delivery tube 3; the sampled water reaches the monitoring unit for water ecological monitoring; after the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth; the connecting tube 5 is separated from between the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and at the same time, the two backwashing tubes 6 are located between the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and are connected respectively; through the backwashing The pipe washing 6 performs backwash cleaning of the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3; after the cleaning is completed, the plurality of connecting pipes 5 are rotated, and then the new connecting pipe 5 is located between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, and the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3 are reconnected; the fixed pipe 4 is fixed in position and docked with the sampling pipe 2, so as to facilitate connection with the delivery pipe 3, thereby passing the sampling water through the sampling pipe 2, the fixed pipe 4, the connecting pipe 5 and the delivery pipe 3 to reach the monitoring unit; the backwash pipe 6 is a retractable hose.

[0042] Secondly, the drum 7 is arranged inside the housing 1, the first driving component 8 is arranged inside the housing 1, the output end of the first driving component 8 passes through the housing 1 and is fixedly connected to the drum 7, one end of the sampling tube 2 is wound around the outside of the drum 7, the other end of the sampling tube 2 passes through the housing 1 and is located outside the housing 1, the water pump 9 is arranged at the other end of the sampling tube 2, the counterweight 10 is arranged on the sampling tube 2 and is located above the water pump 9, and the supporting mechanism is arranged on the housing 1. The first driving component 8 is a self-locking motor. When the first driving component 8 is started, it drives the drum 7 to rotate, and then unwinds and rewinds the sampling tube 2, completes the up and down movement of the water pump 9, and samples water at different depths. The counterweight 10 counterweights the sampling tube 2, so that the water pump 9 can fall down stably, and at the same time increases the weight of the water pump 9, and can also prevent the water pump 9 from being offset by collision with fish.

[0043] At the same time, the two telescopic components 12 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box body 1, and the output ends of the two telescopic components 12 are fixedly connected to the support roller 11, and the support roller 11 is located below the sampling tube 2. The telescopic component 12 is a cylinder, and the support roller 11 supports the sampling tube 2 to prevent the friction between the sampling tube 2 and the box body 1 during the lifting process, which may cause damage. When the telescopic component 12 is started, it can drive the support roller 11 to move forward and backward, thereby adjusting the position of the sampling tube 2 relative to the box body 1, thereby adjusting the front and rear position of the water pump 9.

[0044] In addition, the first water tank 13 is connected to the end of the delivery pipe 3 away from the connecting pipe 5, and the plurality of diverter plates 14 are sequentially arranged inside the first water tank 13. The plurality of monitoring tubes 15 are sequentially connected to the lower part of the first water tank 13, and the plurality of valves 16 and the plurality of water ecology monitoring sensors 17 are respectively arranged on the corresponding monitoring tubes 15. The plurality of water ecology monitoring sensors 17 include water ecology temperature sensors, water ecology pH value sensors and water ecology turbidity sensors; thus, the above sensors are respectively installed in the corresponding monitoring tubes 15, and the sampled water is diverted by the plurality of diverter plates 14 after passing through the first water tank 13, and then enters the corresponding monitoring tubes 15 respectively, and the water ecology temperature, pH value and turbidity are monitored respectively. After the monitoring is completed, the valve 16 is opened to discharge the sampled water.

[0045] Then, the inclined plate 18 is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the box body 1, the Internet of Things controller 19 is arranged on one side of the box body 1, the bracket 20 is arranged on the inner top wall of the box body 1, the second driving component 21 is arranged on the bracket 20, and the plurality of support rods 22 are sequentially distributed around the output end of the second driving component 21, the plurality of connecting pipes 5 are respectively arranged at one end of the corresponding support rods 22, and the plurality of connecting sealing units are respectively arranged at both ends of the corresponding connecting pipes 5. The discharged sampled water flows through the inclined plate 18 to the drain port 23 for discharge. The Internet of Things controller 19 is electrically connected to each device of the present application. At the same time, an Internet of Things smart chip is arranged inside the Internet of Things controller 19, so that it can be connected to the Internet of Things so that the staff can control each device and obtain monitoring information; the bracket 20 supports the second driving component 21, and the second driving component 21 is a self-locking motor; when the depth is switched, the second driving component 21 starts, driving the multiple support rods 22 to rotate, so that the multiple connecting pipes 5 rotate, and then the new connecting pipe 5 is moved between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, thereby avoiding the residual liquid water in the connecting pipe 5 causing the monitoring error between different depths.

[0046] Again, the two first electric push rods 24 are sequentially distributed outside the connecting tube 5, the output ends of the two first electric push rods 24 are fixedly connected to the moving groove 25, the first sealing ring 26 is installed inside the moving groove 25, and the first sealing ring 26 is connected to the delivery tube 3 and the fixed tube 4. The first electric push rod 24 is started to drive the moving groove 25 to move, so that the first sealing ring 26 is located outside the delivery tube 3 or the fixed tube 4, thereby achieving docking and sealing of the connecting tube 5, ensuring the stability of sample water delivery and avoiding leakage.

[0047] Furthermore, the first backwash unit is arranged inside the housing 1; the first water tank 27 is installed on the inner side wall of the housing 1; the first water pump 28 is arranged on one side of the first water tank 27; the two ends of the telescopic hose 29 are respectively connected with the water outlet end of the first water pump 28 and the second water tank 31; the pushing component 30 is arranged inside the housing 1; the output end of the pushing component 30 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the second water tank 31; and the two backwash docking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the second water tank 31. The backwash pipe 6 is connected with the second water tank 31; the second sealing ring 33 is arranged at one end of the backwash pipe 6; the second sealing ring 33 is mutually adapted with the fixing rod and the delivery pipe 3; the support frame 34 is arranged on one side of the second sealing ring 33; the second electric push rod 35 is arranged on one side of the second water tank 31; and the output end of the second electric push rod 35 is fixedly connected with the support frame 34. The pushing component 30 is a cylinder, and the first water tank 27 contains clean water; the pushing component 30 is started, driving the second water tank 31 to move, so that the backwash docking mechanism is located between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, and then the second electric push rod 35 is started, driving the support frame 34 to move, so that the second sealing ring 33 and the second telescopic tube on both sides are respectively docked with the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, and at the same time, the second sealing ring 33 and the inner wall of the fixed pipe 4 or the delivery pipe 3 fit each other to complete the sealing, at this time, the first water pump 28 is started, and water is pumped into the telescopic hose 29 to reach the second water tank 31; the water passes through the fixed pipe 4 to reach the sampling pipe 2 for backwashing, and at the same time, the water passes through the delivery pipe 3 to reach the first water tank 13 and the plurality of monitoring tubes 15 for backwashing; and then after the backwashing is completed, when sampling at the next depth is performed, the valve 16 of the monitoring tube 15 can be opened first, so that a part of the sampling water is discharged to take away the residual water after cleaning, and then the valve 16 is closed for monitoring, thereby further improving the monitoring accuracy.

[0048] Finally, the second backwash unit is arranged inside the housing 1; the second water tank 36 is arranged on the inner wall of the housing 1, the second water pump 37 is arranged on one side of the second water tank 36, and the water outlet of the second water pump 37 is connected with the nozzle 32, and the nozzle 32 is located at one end of the corresponding connecting pipe 5. Clean water is stored in the second water tank 36, and the second water pump 37 is started to spray water from the nozzle 32 to clean the connecting pipe 5. After cleaning, when changing the depth, the connecting pipe 5 will be driven to rotate by the second driving component 21, and then the nozzle 32 will continue to clean the next connecting pipe 5.

[0049] When using the water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things of this embodiment, the box 1 is placed on the ground; the sampling tube 2 is put into the water, the lifting unit is started, and the depth of the sampling tube 2 is adjusted; water is pumped into the sampling tube 2, passes through the fixed tube 4 and the connecting tube 5, and reaches the delivery tube 3; the sampled water reaches the monitoring unit for water ecology monitoring; after the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth; the connecting tube 5 is separated from the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and the two backwashing tubes 6 are located between the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and are separated. The fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3 are backwashed and cleaned through the backwash pipe 6; after the cleaning, the multiple connecting pipes 5 are rotated, and then the new connecting pipe 5 is located between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, and the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3 are reconnected; through the above-mentioned structural setting, the sampling pipe 2 and the delivery pipe 3 can be backwashed at the same time, and the connecting pipe 5 used for connection can be replaced, and then after switching the depth, there will be no residual water of the previous depth on the inner wall of the pipeline, which ultimately ensures the quality of sampling and improves the accuracy of water ecological monitoring at different depths.

[0050] See also Fig. 9 The present invention also provides a water ecology monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, comprising the following steps:

[0051] S1: placing the box 1 on the ground;

[0052] S2: the sampling tube 2 is put into the water, and the lifting unit is started to adjust the depth of the sampling tube 2;

[0053] S3: Pump water into the sampling tube 2, pass through the fixed tube 4 and the connecting tube 5, and reach the delivery tube 3;

[0054] S4: The sampled water arrives at the monitoring unit for water ecological monitoring;

[0055] S5: After the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth;

[0056] S6: the connecting pipe 5 is separated from between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3, and the two backwashing pipes 6 are located between the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3 and are connected to each other;

[0057] S7: Backwashing and cleaning the fixed pipe 4 and the delivery pipe 3 through the backwashing pipe 6;

[0058] S8: After the cleaning is completed, the plurality of connecting pipes 5 are rotated, and then the new connecting pipe 5 is located between the fixed pipe 4 and the conveying pipe 3, so as to reconnect the fixed pipe 4 and the conveying pipe 3.

[0059] Among them, the box body 1 is placed on the ground; the sampling tube 2 is put into the water, the lifting unit is started, and the depth of the sampling tube 2 is adjusted; water is pumped into the sampling tube 2, passes through the fixed tube 4 and the connecting tube 5, and reaches the delivery tube 3; the sampled water reaches the monitoring unit for water ecological monitoring; after the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth; the connecting tube 5 is separated from the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and at the same time, the two backwashing tubes 6 are located between the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and are connected respectively; the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3 are backwashed and cleaned through the backwashing tube 6; after the cleaning is completed, the multiple connecting tubes 5 are rotated, and then the new connecting tube 5 is located between the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3, and the fixed tube 4 and the delivery tube 3 are reconnected.

[0060] What is disclosed above is only one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot be used to limit the scope of rights of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can understand that all or part of the processes of implementing the above embodiments and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application are still within the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things, comprising a box, a sampling tube, a delivery tube, a lifting unit and a monitoring unit, wherein the lifting unit and the monitoring unit are both arranged inside the box, the sampling tube is arranged on the lifting unit, and the sampling tube is arranged on the monitoring unit, characterized in that: Also includes a cleaning component; The cleaning assembly includes a fixed pipe, a plurality of connecting pipes and two backwashing pipes. The two ends of the fixed pipe are respectively connected to the sampling pipe and the connecting pipe. The two ends of the connecting pipe are respectively connected to the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe. The two backwashing pipes are arranged inside the box and are located on one side of the connecting pipe.

2. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting unit includes a rotating drum, a first driving component, a water pump, a counterweight and a supporting mechanism. The rotating drum is arranged inside the box, the first driving component is arranged inside the box, the output end of the first driving component passes through the box and is fixedly connected to the rotating drum, one end of the sampling tube is wound and arranged outside the rotating drum, the other end of the sampling tube passes through the box and is located outside the box, the water pump is arranged at the other end of the sampling tube, the counterweight is arranged on the sampling tube and is located above the water pump, and the supporting mechanism is arranged on the box.

3. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: The support mechanism includes a support roller and two telescopic components. The two telescopic components are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the box body. The output ends of the two telescopic components are fixedly connected to the support roller. The support roller is located below the sampling tube.

4. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that: The monitoring unit includes a first water tank, multiple diverter plates, multiple monitoring cylinders, multiple valves and multiple water ecology monitoring sensors. The first water tank is connected to the end of the delivery pipe away from the connecting pipe. The multiple diverter plates are sequentially arranged inside the first water tank. The multiple monitoring cylinders are sequentially connected to the bottom of the first water tank. The multiple valves and multiple water ecology monitoring sensors are respectively arranged on the corresponding monitoring cylinders.

5. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The cleaning component also includes an inclined plate, an Internet of Things controller, a bracket, a second driving component, a plurality of support rods and a plurality of connecting sealing units. The box body has a drain port, the inclined plate is arranged on the inner bottom wall of the box body, the Internet of Things controller is arranged on one side of the box body, the bracket is arranged on the inner top wall of the box body, the second driving component is arranged on the bracket, the plurality of support rods are distributed in sequence around the output end of the second driving component, the plurality of connecting pipes are respectively arranged at one end of the corresponding support rods, and the plurality of connecting sealing units are respectively arranged at both ends of the corresponding connecting pipes.

6. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that: The connecting sealing unit includes two first electric push rods, a movable groove and a first sealing ring. The two first electric push rods are distributed on the outside of the connecting pipe in sequence. The output ends of the two first electric push rods are fixedly connected to the movable groove. The first sealing ring is installed inside the movable groove. The first sealing ring is connected to the conveying pipe and the fixed pipe.

7. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly further includes a first backwashing unit, which is disposed inside the box; The first backwash unit includes a first water tank, a first water pump, a telescopic hose, a pushing component, a second water tank and two backwash docking mechanisms; the first water tank is installed on the inner wall of the box body, the first water pump is arranged on one side of the first water tank, the two ends of the telescopic hose are respectively connected with the water outlet end of the first water pump and the second water tank, the pushing component is arranged inside the box body, the output end of the pushing component is fixedly connected to the bottom of the second water tank, and the two backwash docking mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on the second water tank. The backwash docking mechanism includes a second sealing ring, a support frame and a second electric push rod. The backwash pipe is connected to the second water tank. The second sealing ring is arranged at one end of the backwash pipe. The second sealing ring is adapted to the fixed rod and the delivery pipe. The support frame is arranged on one side of the second sealing ring. The second electric push rod is arranged on one side of the second water tank. The output end of the second electric push rod is fixedly connected to the support frame.

8. The water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning assembly further includes a second backwashing unit, which is disposed inside the box; The second backwash unit includes a second water tank, a second water pump and a nozzle. The second water tank is arranged on the inner wall of the tank body, the second water pump is arranged on one side of the second water tank, the water outlet end of the second water pump is connected to the nozzle, and the nozzle is located at one end of the corresponding connecting pipe.

9. A water ecology monitoring method based on the Internet of Things, using the water ecology monitoring system based on the Internet of Things as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that: The steps include: By placing the box on the ground; The sampling tube is put into water, and the lifting unit is started to adjust the depth of the sampling tube; Pumping water into the sampling tube, passing through the fixed tube and the connecting tube, and reaching the delivery tube; The sampled water arrives at the monitoring unit for water ecological monitoring; After the monitoring is completed, the lifting unit is started again to change the monitoring depth; The connecting pipe is separated from between the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe, and the two backwashing pipes are located between the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe and are connected to each other respectively; Backwashing and cleaning the fixed pipe and the delivery pipe through the backwashing pipe; After the cleaning is completed, the plurality of connecting pipes are rotated, and then a new connecting pipe is located between the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe, so that the fixed pipe and the conveying pipe are reconnected.

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