Electrode structure, liquid crystal lens and liquid crystal lens driving method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal lenses, and particularly relates to an electrode structure, a liquid crystal lens and a liquid crystal lens driving method. The electrode structure comprises a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit, the first electrode unit comprises a first potential generation unit and a first potential diffusion unit, the first potential diffusion unit comprises a plurality of first electrode wires arranged at intervals in the first preset direction, and the second electrode unit comprises a second potential generation unit and a second potential diffusion unit. The second potential diffusion unit comprises a plurality of second electrode wires which are arranged at intervals in the first preset direction, and at least one part of each first electrode wire extends into a gap between every two connected second electrode wires. The phase distribution of the liquid crystal lens can be closer to ideal distribution.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of liquid crystal lenses, and in particular relates to an electrode structure, a liquid crystal lens and a liquid crystal lens driving method. Background Art

[0002] At present, relevant researchers have proposed to use two mutually perpendicular comb-shaped electrodes located on the upper and lower substrates to superimpose a rectangular aperture liquid crystal lens with a parabolic phase distribution. This solution does not require lead-out electrodes, the entire lens area meets the expected voltage distribution and the number of driving voltages is small. However, this solution has the problem of similar voltages in structural design, which makes it impossible to obtain a phase distribution that accurately meets the needs, such as an ideal parabolic phase distribution. Summary of the invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides an electrode structure, a liquid crystal lens and a liquid crystal lens driving method, which are used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the liquid crystal lens electrode structure cannot obtain an ideal phase distribution due to similar voltages.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an electrode structure, comprising a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit;

[0005] The first electrode unit includes a first potential generating unit and a first potential diffusion unit, the first potential diffusion unit includes a plurality of first electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, the first electrode line extends along a second preset direction, the first electrode line is in a straight line shape, one end of the first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit, and the other end opposite to the first potential generating unit is suspended, and a first driving voltage loading position and a second driving voltage loading position are arranged on the first potential generating unit;

[0006] The second electrode unit includes a second potential generating unit and a second potential diffusion unit, the second potential diffusion unit includes a plurality of second electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, the second electrode lines extend along the second preset direction, the second electrode lines are in a straight line shape, one end of the second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit, and the other end opposite to the second potential generating unit is suspended, and the second potential generating unit is provided with a first driving voltage loading position and a second driving voltage loading position;

[0007] At least a portion of the first electrode line extends into a gap between two connected second electrode lines, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

[0008] Preferably, the position where each first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit is between the first driving voltage loading position and the second driving voltage loading position, and the resistance value between the position where each first electrode line is connected on the first potential generating unit and the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit to the first driving voltage loading position in the first preset direction;

[0009] The position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit is between the first driving voltage loading position and the second driving voltage loading position, and the resistance value between the position on the second potential generating unit where each second electrode line is connected to the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit in the first preset direction to the first driving voltage loading position.

[0010] Preferably, the width of each position of the first potential generating unit is the same, and the length between the position on the first potential generating unit connected to each first electrode line and the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position in the first preset direction where each second electrode line and the first potential generating unit are connected and the first driving voltage loading position;

[0011] The width of each position of the second potential generating unit is the same, and the length between the position where the second potential generating unit is connected to each second electrode line and the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position where each second electrode line in the first preset direction is connected to the second potential generating unit and the first driving voltage loading position.

[0012] Preferably, the first potential generating unit comprises a plurality of segments and a plurality of connecting parts, two connected segments are connected via the connecting parts, the segments extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting parts extend along the first preset direction;

[0013] The second potential generating unit includes a plurality of segments and a plurality of connecting parts, two connected segments are connected via the connecting parts, the segments extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting parts extend along the first preset direction.

[0014] Preferably, when two different connecting portions are connected to the same segment, the two connecting portions are respectively connected to opposite ends of the same segment.

[0015] Preferably, the plurality of segments of the first potential generating unit are arranged at equal intervals along the first preset direction and the lengths of the segments increase linearly in the arrangement order, and the connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit is located at the position where the segment is connected to the connecting portion;

[0016] Several segments of the second potential generating unit are arranged at equal intervals along a first preset direction and the lengths of the segments increase linearly in the arrangement sequence. The connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit is located at the position where the segment is connected to the connecting portion.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present invention further provides a liquid crystal lens, comprising a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence, wherein the first electrode layer is a surface electrode, and the second electrode layer comprises the electrode structure described in any one of claims 1 to 6.

[0018] In the third aspect, the present invention also provides a liquid crystal lens, comprising a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate stacked in sequence, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer both comprising the electrode structure described in the first aspect, and a first preset direction of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer is perpendicular to the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer.

[0019] In a fourth aspect, the present invention further provides an electronic product, comprising a control circuit and the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens.

[0020] In a fifth aspect, the present invention further provides a liquid crystal lens driving method, for driving the liquid crystal lens described in the first aspect,

[0021] Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the first electrode layer is V1, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V2;

[0022] Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the second electrode layer is V3, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V4;

[0023] The method comprises the following steps:

[0024] S1: obtaining the liquid crystal linear working range of the liquid crystal lens;

[0025] S2: acquiring a minimum voltage Vmin and a maximum voltage Vmax within the liquid crystal linear working interval according to the liquid crystal linear working interval;

[0026] S3: adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2 and the voltage difference between V3 and V4 according to the minimum voltage Vmin and the maximum voltage Vmax to adjust the optical focal length of the liquid crystal lens, wherein Vmin≤V1≤Vmax, Vmin≤V2≤Vmax, Vmin≤V3≤Vmax, and Vmin≤V4≤Vmax.

[0027] Beneficial effects: The electrode structure of the present invention adopts two electrode units, each of which includes a potential generating unit and a potential diffusion unit. By making at least a part of the first electrode line of the first potential diffusion unit extend into the gap between two adjacent second electrode lines, the electrode lines of the two potential diffusion units are arranged alternately to form a complete diffusion unit. In this way, when the density of the electrode lines is the same, the spacing between the connection points of the two adjacent first electrode lines and the first potential generating unit increases, and the spacing between the connection points of the two adjacent second electrode lines and the second potential generating unit increases, so that the potential between the first electrode line and the second electrode line adjacent thereto has a significant difference, avoiding the situation where the potentials between adjacent electrode lines are close to the same, making the spatial potential distribution closer to the ideal potential distribution requirements, and thus making the phase distribution of the liquid crystal lens closer to the ideal phase distribution. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the embodiment of the present invention, the drawings required for use in the embodiment of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work, and these are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an electrode structure in the prior art;

[0030] Figure 2 It is a voltage distribution simulation diagram of the prior art;

[0031] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the electrode structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a voltage distribution simulation diagram of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of a liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the electrode structure of the rectangular hole liquid crystal lens of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of an experimental device for obtaining a linear working response range of a liquid crystal according to the present invention;

[0036] Figure 8 is a liquid crystal response curve diagram of the present invention;

[0037] Fig. 9 A diagram of an experimental device for obtaining a wavefront image of a liquid crystal lens according to the present invention;

[0038] Fig.10It is a wavefront comparison diagram of the prior art and the present invention under a positive lens;

[0039] Fig.11 It is a wavefront comparison diagram of the prior art and the present invention under a negative lens;

[0040] Fig.12 It is a comparison diagram of the root mean square radius (RMS) between the prior art and the present invention.

[0041] Parts and their numbers in the picture:

[0042] First substrate 1, first electrode layer 2, liquid crystal layer 3, second electrode layer 4, second substrate 5, first electrode unit 7, first potential generating unit 71, first potential diffusion unit 72, segment 721, connecting portion 722, second electrode unit 8, second potential generating unit 81, second potential diffusion unit 82, first driving voltage loading position 91, and second driving voltage loading position 92. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0043] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in combination with the embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that, in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or position relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. is based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, the term "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such a process, method, article or device. In the absence of further restrictions, the elements defined by the phrase "comprising..." do not exclude the existence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the elements. If there is no conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the various features in the embodiments can be combined with each other, all within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] The comb electrodes currently used are Figure 1As shown in the figure, the electrode structure consists of a potential generating unit and a potential diffusion unit, wherein the electrode structure of the generating unit is arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis direction and the length increases linearly, and combined with the diffusion unit to form a complete comb-shaped electrode structure. If the width of the electrode line is a, the electrode line interval is b, and the slope of the electrode line growth is k, then the length of the electrode line from (0,0) to (0,x) is:

[0046]

[0047] Assuming the total width of the electrode line is 2R, according to Ohm's law, the voltage at (0, x) is:

[0048]

[0049] It can be seen from the above derivation that ideally, the aforementioned electrode structure can generate a voltage with a parabolic distribution, thereby driving the liquid crystal lens to form a parabolic phase distribution.

[0050] However, the above derivation process is an ideal situation. In practice, since the resistors are composed of discrete electrode lines, there will be a problem in the diffusion unit that the resistance between two adjacent electrode lines is too small, resulting in almost the same voltage. Therefore, the actual voltage distribution does not conform to the parabola, but is like Figure 2 The voltage distribution is shown.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, in view of the above problems, this embodiment provides an electrode structure, which includes a first electrode unit 7 and a second electrode unit 8;

[0052] The first electrode unit 7 includes a first potential generating unit 71 and a first potential diffusion unit 72. The first potential diffusion unit 72 includes a plurality of first electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction. The first electrode lines extend along a second preset direction. The first electrode lines are in a straight line shape. One end of the first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit 71, and the other end thereof is suspended. The first potential generating unit 71 is provided with a first driving voltage loading position 91 and a second driving voltage loading position 92.

[0053] When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded at the first driving voltage loading position 91 and the second driving voltage loading position 92 of the first potential generating unit 71 respectively, and a certain voltage difference is formed between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, the potential between the two driving voltage loading positions of the first potential generating unit 71 is distributed in a gradient, and different positions on the first potential generating unit 71 have different potentials. Since one end of the first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit 71, and the other end is suspended, the potential on the first electrode line is equal to the potential at the connection between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71.

[0054] The second electrode unit 8 includes a second potential generating unit 81 and a second potential diffusion unit 82. The second potential diffusion unit 82 includes a plurality of second electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction. The second electrode lines extend along the second preset direction. The second electrode lines are in a straight line shape. One end of the second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit 81, and the other end thereof is suspended. The second potential generating unit 81 is provided with a first driving voltage loading position 91 and a second driving voltage loading position 92.

[0055] When the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage are loaded at the second driving voltage loading position 92 and the second driving voltage loading position 92 of the second potential generating unit 81 respectively, and a certain voltage difference is formed between the first driving voltage and the second driving voltage, the potential between the two driving voltage loading positions of the second potential generating unit 81 is distributed in a gradient, and different positions on the second potential generating unit 81 have different potentials. Since one end of the second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit 81 and the other end is suspended, the potential on the second electrode line is equal to the potential at the connection between the second electrode line and the second potential generating unit 81.

[0056] At least a portion of the first electrode line extends into a gap between two connected second electrode lines, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

[0057] After adopting the above structure, the first electrode line of the first potential diffusion unit 72 and the second electrode line of the second potential diffusion unit 82 are alternately arranged along the first direction. In this way, when the density of the electrode lines is the same, the distance between the connection points of the two adjacent first electrode lines and the first potential generating unit 71 increases, and the distance between the connection points of the two adjacent first electrode lines and the second potential generating unit increases, so that the potential between the first electrode line and the second electrode line adjacent thereto has a significant difference, avoiding the situation where the potentials between the adjacent electrode lines are close to the same, making the spatial potential distribution closer to the ideal potential distribution requirement, so that the phase distribution of the liquid crystal lens is also closer to the ideal phase distribution. The voltage distribution simulation diagram is shown in FIG. Figure 4 shown.

[0058] In order to achieve a more ideal lens effect, it is necessary to make the phase of the liquid crystal lens parabolic distribution. In this regard, in the present embodiment, the position where each first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit 71 is between the first driving voltage loading position 91 and the second driving voltage loading position 92, and the resistance value between the position where each first electrode line is connected on the first potential generating unit 71 and the first driving voltage loading position 91 is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit 71 to the first driving voltage loading position 91 in the first preset direction.

[0059] The resistance value between the position on the first potential generating unit 71 where each first electrode line is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 and the distance from the position where each electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 are connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 in the first preset direction are in a parabolic relationship, which means that a curve obtained by taking the resistance value between the position where each first electrode line is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 as the horizontal coordinate and taking the distance from the position where the corresponding first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 are connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 as the vertical coordinate is a parabola.

[0060] That is, the resistance value between the position where each first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 are connected to the first driving voltage loading position 91 is taken as the first coordinate (y), and the distance between the position where the corresponding first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 7161 are connected to the first driving voltage loading position 91 is taken as the second coordinate (x), and the function image obtained in the rectangular coordinate system formed by the first coordinate and the second coordinate is a parabola. That is, y=kx2 is satisfied, where k is a real number not equal to 0.

[0061] The position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit 81 is between the first driving voltage loading position 91 and the second driving voltage loading position 92, and the resistance value between the position on the second potential generating unit 81 where each second electrode line is connected to the first driving voltage loading position 91 is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit 81 in the first preset direction to the first driving voltage loading position 91.

[0062] The resistance value between the position on the second potential generating unit 81 where each second electrode line is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 and the distance from the position where each electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit 81 in the first preset direction to the first drive voltage loading position 91 is a parabolic relationship, which means that a curve obtained by taking the resistance value between the position where each second electrode line is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 as the horizontal coordinate and taking the distance from the position where the corresponding second electrode line and the second potential generating unit 81 is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 as the vertical coordinate is a parabola.

[0063] That is, the resistance value between the position where each second electrode line and the second potential generating unit 81 are connected to the first driving voltage loading position 91 is taken as the first coordinate (y), and the distance between the position where the corresponding second electrode line and the second potential generating unit 8161 are connected to the second driving voltage loading position 92 is taken as the second coordinate (x), and the function image obtained in the rectangular coordinate system formed by the first coordinate and the second coordinate is a parabola. That is, y=kx2 is satisfied, where k is a real number not equal to 0.

[0064] The width of each position of the first potential generating unit 71 is the same, and the length between the position where each first electrode line is connected on the first potential generating unit 71 and the first driving voltage loading position 91 is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position where each second electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 is connected and the first driving voltage loading position 91 in the first preset direction;

[0065] The width of each position of the second potential generating unit 81 is the same, and the length between the position on the second potential generating unit 81 where each second electrode line is connected to the first drive voltage loading position 91 is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position where each second electrode line in the first preset direction is connected to the second potential generating unit 81 and the first drive voltage loading position 91.

[0066] When the width of each potential generating unit is the same, its resistance value is proportional to its length. Therefore, the potential on each electrode line can be conveniently controlled by controlling the length between the connection position of the first potential generating unit 71 and the driving voltage loading position.

[0067] The first potential generating unit 71 includes a plurality of segments 721 and a plurality of connecting portions 722, two connected segments 721 are connected via the connecting portions 722, the segments 721 extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting portions 722 extend along the first preset direction;

[0068] The second potential generating unit 81 includes a plurality of segments 721 and a plurality of connecting portions 722. Two segments 721 are connected via the connecting portions 722. The segments 721 extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting portions 722 extend along the first preset direction. When two different connecting portions 722 are connected to the same segment 721, the two connecting portions 722 are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the same segment 721.

[0069] The above structure can enable the first potential generating unit 71 and the second potential generating unit 81 to form a structure that bends back and forth, thereby reducing the area occupied by the first potential generating unit 71 and the second potential generating unit 81 .

[0070] In this embodiment, the plurality of segments 721 of the first potential generating unit 71 are arranged at equal intervals along the first preset direction and the lengths of the segments 721 increase linearly in the arrangement order, and the connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 is located at the position where the segment 721 is connected to the connecting portion 722;

[0071] Several segments 721 of the second potential generating unit 81 are arranged at equal intervals along the first preset direction and the lengths of each segment 721 increase linearly in the arrangement order. The connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit 71 is located at the position where the segment 721 is connected to the connecting portion 722.

[0072] In this embodiment, the lengths of the segments 721 are increased linearly in the order of arrangement, so that the potential at the connection point between the electrode line and the potential generating unit is distributed parabolically.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens, which includes a first substrate 1, a first electrode layer 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a second electrode layer 4 and a second substrate 5 stacked in sequence, wherein the first electrode layer 2 is a surface electrode, and the second electrode layer 4 includes the electrode structure described in Embodiment 1. Figure 3 As shown, when the driving voltage V1 is applied between the first driving voltage application position 91 and the surface electrode, and the driving voltage V2 is applied between the second driving voltage application position 92 and the surface electrode, a parabolic potential distribution can be formed, so that the phase of the liquid crystal lens is also parabolic, and thus a liquid crystal column lens can be obtained. Since the liquid crystal lens in this embodiment adopts the electrode structure in Embodiment 1, the voltages of adjacent electrode lines will not be close to the same, so that the phase distribution of the liquid crystal lens is closer to the ideal phase distribution.

[0075] Example 3

[0076] like Figure 5 As shown, this embodiment provides a liquid crystal lens, which includes a first substrate 1, a first electrode layer 2, a liquid crystal layer 3, a second electrode layer 4 and a second substrate 5 stacked in sequence. Figure 6 The first electrode layer 2 and the second electrode layer 4 both include the electrode structure in Embodiment 1, and the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer 2 is perpendicular to the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer 4 .

[0077] In this embodiment, the first preset direction and the second preset direction are for a single electrode structure. In a liquid crystal lens having multiple electrode structures, the first preset directions of different electrode structures may be the same or different. Figure 6 The first preset direction of the electrode structure of the first electrode layer 2 is the w direction, and the first preset direction of the electrode structure of the second electrode layer 4 is the u direction.

[0078] When the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer 2 is perpendicular to the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer 4, a liquid crystal lens with a square aperture can be obtained.

[0079] like Figure 6 As shown, when the two first driving voltage loading positions 91 of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer 2 are loaded with driving voltage V1, the two second driving voltage loading positions 92 of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer 2 are loaded with driving voltage V2, and the two first driving voltage loading positions 91 of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer 4 are loaded with driving voltage V3, and the two second driving voltage loading positions 92 of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer 4 are loaded with driving voltage V4, the space where the liquid crystal lens is located can form a potential distribution of a rotating parabola, thereby forming a liquid crystal lens with a square aperture. Since the liquid crystal lens in this embodiment adopts the electrode structure in embodiment 1, the voltages of adjacent electrode lines will not be close to the same, so that the phase distribution of the liquid crystal lens is closer to the ideal phase distribution.

[0080] Example 4

[0081] This embodiment also provides a liquid crystal lens driving method, which is used to drive the liquid crystal lens in Embodiment 4:

[0082] Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the first electrode layer is V1, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V2;

[0083] Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the second electrode layer is V3, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V4;

[0084] The method comprises the following steps:

[0085] S1: obtaining the liquid crystal linear working range of the liquid crystal lens;

[0086] The liquid crystal linear operating range refers to a voltage range in which the liquid crystal phase delay amount and the driving voltage are in a linear relationship.

[0087] The response curve of the liquid crystal lens made by the above scheme can be tested experimentally. The thickness of the liquid crystal in the liquid crystal cell used in the test is 50um, and the liquid crystal material is HTW148700-100 produced by Jiangsu Hecheng Display Technology Co., Ltd., and its optical refractive index is: n e =1.764, n o =1.505. The experimental setup for measuring the phase response diagram is shown in the figure below. Figure 7 As shown, the laser wavelength is 532nm. The laser generates polarized light after passing through the first polarizer. The polarized light can be decomposed into a beam of polarized light that will be modulated by the liquid crystal layer and a beam of polarized light that is not modulated by the liquid crystal layer. The two polarized light beams are orthogonal to each other. After passing through the liquid crystal box, an optical path difference will be generated. After passing through the second polarizer, interference will occur to form interference fringes and be received by the CMOS. The objective lens in the figure is used to amplify the interference fringe pattern for display processing. After the device diagram is built, a voltage is applied to one substrate of the liquid crystal box, and the other substrate is grounded. As the applied voltage changes, the light intensity received by the CMOS will also change.

[0088] According to the interference principle, the phase difference between adjacent light intensity peaks is 2π, so the curve of phase change with voltage can be obtained, such as Figure 8 As shown, it can be seen that the linear response region of phase change with voltage, that is, the linear working range of liquid crystal, is located at 1.6-2.5 V. Subsequent voltage application to the liquid crystal lens will control the voltage difference in this region.

[0089] S2: acquiring a minimum voltage Vmin and a maximum voltage Vmax within the liquid crystal linear working interval according to the liquid crystal linear working interval;

[0090] S3: adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2 and the voltage difference between V3 and V4 according to the minimum voltage Vmin and the maximum voltage Vmax to adjust the optical focal length of the liquid crystal lens, wherein Vmin≤V1≤Vmax, Vmin≤V2≤Vmax, Vmin≤V3≤Vmax, and Vmin≤V4≤Vmax.

[0091] The effect of the above-mentioned liquid crystal lens can be verified by experiments. The electrode structure line width and spacing used in the experiment are both 20um, the lens aperture is 2mm, and the ITO thickness is 35nm. The actual picture of the experimental system is as follows Fig. 9 As shown in the figure, by changing the applied voltages V1, V2, V3 and V4, the voltage difference between the two substrates of the lens can be distributed in a rotating parabola, and the voltage difference at the center and the voltage difference at the four corners can be adjusted. When the voltage difference at the center is smaller than the voltage difference at the four corners, the liquid crystal lens works in a positive lens state; otherwise, the liquid crystal lens works in a negative lens state.

[0092] In order to observe the wavefront images and oblique fringes of the two lenses, the same voltage is applied to the two lenses respectively, and the Fig. 9The experimental device shown collects wavefront images and oblique stripes. For the negative lens, the voltage difference at the four corners is fixed to 1.6V, and the wavefront images with oblique stripes with a voltage difference of 1.7-2.5V at the center and voltage differences of 2.1V, 2.3V, and 2.5V at the center are collected. For the positive lens, the voltage difference at the center is fixed to 1.6V, and the wavefront images with oblique stripes with a voltage difference of 1.7-2.5V at the four corners and voltage differences of 2.1V, 2.3V, and 2.5V at the four corners are collected.

[0093] For the positive lens, the wavefront diagram of the prior art and the present embodiment is compared as follows: Fig.10 As shown, Fig.10 In the figure, a, b, c, and d are wavefront diagrams of a lens manufactured by an electrode structure of the prior art, and e, d, g, and h are wavefront diagrams of a lens manufactured by an electrode structure used in this embodiment. It can be seen from the figure that the lens manufactured by this embodiment has a more obvious contrast between light and dark stripes than the prior art, and the transition from light to dark is softer. It can also be seen from the enlarged figure that the existing structure has a problem of similar voltage, resulting in a jagged protrusion at the junction of light and dark stripes, but this problem does not exist after adopting the electrode structure of the present application.

[0094] Similarly, under the negative lens, the wavefront diagram of the prior art and the present embodiment is compared as follows: Fig.11 As shown, it can be seen that the prior art still has the problem of sawtooth protrusions, but this embodiment does not have such a problem.

[0095] The oblique stripes obtained in the above experiment were imported into FringeXP to measure the root mean square radius (RMS). The results are as follows: Fig.12 As shown, it can be seen that no matter it is a positive lens or a negative lens, the RMS of this embodiment is smaller than the RMS of the prior art.

[0096] Example 5

[0097] This embodiment provides an electronic product, which includes a control circuit and the liquid crystal lens described in Embodiment 2 or Embodiment 3, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens. The electronic product includes but is not limited to an imaging device, a display device, a mobile phone, an AR device, a VR device, a naked-eye 3D product, a wearable device, etc.

[0098] It should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the specific configuration and processing described above and shown in the figure. For the sake of simplicity, a detailed description of the known method is omitted here. In the above embodiment, several specific steps are described and shown as examples. However, the method process of the present invention is not limited to the specific steps described and shown, and those skilled in the art can make various changes, modifications and additions, or change the order between the steps after understanding the spirit of the present invention. The functional blocks shown in the structural block diagram described above can be implemented as hardware, software, firmware or a combination thereof. When implemented in hardware, it can be, for example, an electronic circuit, an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), appropriate firmware, plug-in, function card, etc. When implemented in software, the elements of the present invention are programs or code segments used to perform the required tasks. The program or code segment can be stored in a machine-readable medium, or transmitted on a transmission medium or communication link via a data signal carried in a carrier. "Machine-readable medium" can include any medium capable of storing or transmitting information. Examples of machine-readable media include electronic circuits, semiconductor memory devices, ROM, flash memory, erasable ROM (EROM), floppy disks, CD-ROMs, optical disks, hard disks, optical fiber media, radio frequency (RF) links, and the like. The code segments can be downloaded via a computer network such as the Internet, an intranet, etc. It should also be noted that the exemplary embodiments mentioned in the present invention describe some methods or systems based on a series of steps or devices. However, the present invention is not limited to the order of the above steps, that is, the steps can be performed in the order mentioned in the embodiment, or in a different order from the embodiment, or several steps can be performed simultaneously.

[0099] The above is only a specific implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system, module and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here. It should be understood that the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of various equivalent modifications or replacements within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, and these modifications or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An electrode structure, characterized in that: comprising a first electrode unit and a second electrode unit; The first electrode unit includes a first potential generating unit and a first potential diffusion unit, the first potential diffusion unit includes a plurality of first electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, the first electrode line extends along a second preset direction, the first electrode line is in a straight line shape, one end of the first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit, and the other end opposite to the first potential generating unit is suspended, and a first driving voltage loading position and a second driving voltage loading position are arranged on the first potential generating unit; The second electrode unit includes a second potential generating unit and a second potential diffusion unit, the second potential diffusion unit includes a plurality of second electrode lines arranged at intervals along a first preset direction, the second electrode lines extend along the second preset direction, the second electrode lines are in a straight line shape, one end of the second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit, and the other end thereof is suspended, and the second potential generating unit is provided with a first driving voltage loading position and a second driving voltage loading position; At least a portion of the first electrode line extends into a gap between two adjacent second electrode lines, and the first preset direction is perpendicular to the second preset direction.

2. The electrode structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The position where each first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit is between the first driving voltage loading position and the second driving voltage loading position, and the resistance value between the position where each first electrode line is connected on the first potential generating unit and the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit in the first preset direction to the first driving voltage loading position; The position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit is between the first driving voltage loading position and the second driving voltage loading position, and the resistance value between the position on the second potential generating unit where each second electrode line is connected to the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance from the position where each second electrode line is connected to the second potential generating unit in the first preset direction to the first driving voltage loading position.

3. The electrode structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The width of each position of the first potential generating unit is the same, and the length between the position where each first electrode line is connected to the first potential generating unit and the position where the first driving voltage is applied is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position where each second electrode line and the first potential generating unit are connected to the first driving voltage application position in the first preset direction; The width of each position of the second potential generating unit is the same, and the length between the position where the second potential generating unit is connected to each second electrode line and the first driving voltage loading position is in a parabolic relationship with the distance between the position where each second electrode line in the first preset direction is connected to the second potential generating unit and the first driving voltage loading position.

4. The electrode structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first potential generating unit includes a plurality of segments and a plurality of connecting parts, two connected segments are connected by the connecting parts, the segments extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting parts extend along the first preset direction; The second potential generating unit includes a plurality of segments and a plurality of connecting parts, two connected segments are connected via the connecting parts, the segments extend along the second preset direction, and the connecting parts extend along the first preset direction.

5. The electrode structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: When two different connecting parts are connected to the same segment, the two connecting parts are respectively connected to the opposite ends of the same segment.

6. The electrode structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: Several segments of the first potential generating unit are arranged at equal intervals along a first preset direction and the lengths of the segments increase linearly in the order of arrangement, and the connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit is located at the position where the segment is connected to the connecting portion; Several segments of the second potential generating unit are arranged at equal intervals along a first preset direction and the lengths of the segments increase linearly in the arrangement sequence. The connection position between the first electrode line and the first potential generating unit is located at the position where the segment is connected to the connecting portion.

7. A liquid crystal lens, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate which are stacked in sequence, wherein the first electrode layer is a surface electrode, and the second electrode layer comprises the electrode structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A liquid crystal lens, characterized in that: It includes a first substrate, a first electrode layer, a liquid crystal layer, a second electrode layer and a second substrate which are stacked in sequence, the first electrode layer and the second electrode layer both include the electrode structure described in any one of claims 1 to 6, and a first preset direction of the electrode structure in the first electrode layer is perpendicular to the first preset direction of the electrode structure in the second electrode layer.

9. Electronic products, characterized in that, The invention comprises a control circuit and the liquid crystal lens according to any one of claims 7 or 8, wherein the control circuit is electrically connected to the liquid crystal lens.

10. A liquid crystal lens driving method, characterized in that: for driving the liquid crystal lens in claim 8, Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the first electrode layer is V1, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V2; Assume that the driving voltage loaded at the first driving voltage loading position in the second electrode layer is V3, and the driving voltage loaded at the second driving voltage loading position is V4; The method comprises the following steps: S1: obtaining the liquid crystal linear working range of the liquid crystal lens; S2: acquiring a minimum voltage Vmin and a maximum voltage Vmax within the liquid crystal linear working interval according to the liquid crystal linear working interval; S3: adjusting the voltage difference between V1 and V2 and the voltage difference between V3 and V4 according to the minimum voltage Vmin and the maximum voltage Vmax to adjust the optical focal length of the liquid crystal lens, wherein Vmin≤V1≤Vmax, Vmin≤V2≤Vmax, Vmin≤V3≤Vmax, and Vmin≤V4≤Vmax.

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