A photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell parameter identification, and particularly discloses a photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm, which comprises the following modules: an optimal inclination angle determination module that obtains an optimal inclination angle data set based on an analog model; a height calibration module that obtains a standard radiation curve by fitting according to standard radiation intensities under different height values; obtains a minimum wind speed curve by fitting according to minimum wind speeds at different height values; an angle calibration module that obtains radiation variation coefficients and wind speed variation coefficients under different inclination angle deviation values, and respectively obtains a radiation variation coefficient curve and a wind speed variation coefficient curve by fitting; a working temperature calibration module that determines a temperature variation curve and a temperature reduction curve; and an identification module that calculates a working temperature of a current photovoltaic cell in real time.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic cell parameter identification, and particularly relates to a photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm. BACKGROUND

[0002] The parameters of a photovoltaic cell are numerous, and these parameters are crucial for understanding and evaluating the performance of the photovoltaic cell; common parameters of a photovoltaic cell include open-circuit voltage, short-circuit current, maximum power point, and operating temperature, etc.

[0003] The operating temperature of a photovoltaic cell refers to the temperature reached by the photovoltaic cell when converting solar energy into electrical energy in a photovoltaic power generation system; obtaining the operating temperature of a photovoltaic cell has multiple important purposes, which mainly focus on optimizing the performance of a photovoltaic system, improving power generation efficiency, ensuring system stability, and prolonging equipment life, etc.

[0004] In the prior art, the operating temperature of a photovoltaic cell is usually calculated by using rated parameters and standard test conditions (such as standard test conditions, STC); however, in actual applications, the operating temperature of a photovoltaic cell is often affected by multiple environmental factors, which makes it difficult to accurately reflect its real working state by relying solely on rated parameters; since the operating temperature of a photovoltaic cell is determined according to the amount of solar radiation energy received by the photovoltaic panel, the more solar radiation energy the photovoltaic panel receives, the higher the efficiency of the photovoltaic cell, and the higher the overall operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell; for example, different geographical locations, seasonal changes, and different time periods of the day will cause fluctuations in the intensity of solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel, thereby directly affecting the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell; in high-latitude areas or under direct sunlight, the temperature of the photovoltaic cell may increase significantly. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm, which solves the above technical problems.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0007] A photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm, comprising a best inclination determination module, a height calibration module, an angle calibration module, an operating temperature calibration module, and an identification module, specifically:

[0008] The best inclination determination module comprises a best inclination dataset; the best inclination dataset is obtained based on a pre-constructed simulation model, and the best inclination dataset comprises the best inclination of a photovoltaic panel at different latitudes and longitudes; the best inclination is the inclination of the photovoltaic panel when receiving standard radiation intensity at the same latitude and longitude, and the standard radiation intensity is the maximum solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel.

[0009] The height calibration module sets a standard height and sets a plurality of height values, obtains standard radiation intensities of the photovoltaic panel at different height values when the photovoltaic panel is at the same latitude and longitude, and fits a standard radiation curve according to the standard radiation intensities at different height values.

[0010] The height calibration module sets a standard height and sets a plurality of height values, obtains standard radiation intensities of the photovoltaic panel at different height values when the photovoltaic panel is at the same latitude and longitude, and fits a standard radiation curve according to the standard radiation intensities at different height values.

[0011] The angle calibration module sets different inclination deviation values, the inclination deviation value is an angle value by which the inclination of the photovoltaic panel deviates from the optimal inclination, obtains radiation variation coefficients of the photovoltaic panel at different inclination deviation values, and fits a radiation variation coefficient curve according to the radiation variation coefficients at different inclination deviation values; obtains wind speed variation coefficients of the photovoltaic panel at different inclination deviation values, and fits a wind speed variation coefficient curve according to the wind speed variation coefficients at different inclination deviation values.

[0012] The working temperature calibration module sets different radiation values when the wind speed is 0, the radiation value is the value of the solar radiation intensity, obtains the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell at different radiation values, and fits a temperature variation curve; sets different wind speeds when the radiation value is fixed, obtains the working temperature reduction amount of the photovoltaic cell at different wind speeds, and fits a temperature reduction curve.

[0013] The recognition module obtains the optimal inclination of the current photovoltaic panel in real time, and obtains the working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell in real time through an intelligent optimization algorithm according to the angle calibration module, the height calibration module and the working temperature calibration module.

[0014] As a further scheme of the present application, the construction process of the simulation model comprises:

[0015] A spherical model is established, a latitude and longitude network is established on the spherical model, astronomical parameters and geographical information are collected, the astronomical parameters include the inclination angle of the earth rotation axis and the angle between the equator and the ecliptic, the geographical information includes the sunshine duration, cloud cover and air temperature at each latitude and longitude on the latitude and longitude network, and a simulation model is established according to the spherical model, the astronomical parameters and the geographical information.

[0016] As a further scheme of the present application, the standard height and the height value are the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground, and the setting range of the standard height is [8cm, 10cm].

[0017] As a further scheme of the present application, the inclination of the photovoltaic panel comprises:

[0018] The tilt angle is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the tilt angle when the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the ground is recorded as 0°.

[0019] As a further scheme of the present application, the obtaining process of the radiation variation coefficient comprises:

[0020] The tilt angle deviation value is recorded as k, and the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel at this time is recorded as Fu k The radiation variation coefficient K at this time is obtained as follows: Fu = Fu k / Fu0, wherein Fu0 is the standard radiation intensity at this time.

[0021] As a further scheme of the present application, the obtaining process of the wind speed variation coefficient comprises:

[0022] The wind speed Fe of the photovoltaic panel surface when the tilt angle deviation value is k is obtained. k The wind speed variation coefficient K at this time is obtained as follows: Fe = Fe k / Fe0, wherein Fe0 is the minimum wind speed at this time.

[0023] As a further scheme of the present application, the obtaining process of the working temperature reduction amount comprises:

[0024] In the case of a fixed radiation value, the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell when the minimum wind speed is recorded as t, and the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell when the current wind speed f is recorded as t f The working temperature reduction amount Cv=|t-t f | is obtained.

[0025] As a further scheme of the present application, the obtaining process of the working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell comprises:

[0026] The standard radiation curve is recorded as Fu(a), the minimum wind speed curve is recorded as Fe(a), wherein a is the height value; the radiation variation coefficient curve is recorded as Fub(b), the wind speed variation coefficient curve is recorded as Feb(b), wherein b is the tilt angle deviation value; the temperature variation curve is recorded as Tb(c), c is the radiation value, and the temperature reduction curve is recorded as Tj(d), d is the wind speed.

[0027] The latitude and longitude of the current photovoltaic panel are obtained, the optimal tilt angle of the current photovoltaic panel is obtained according to the optimal tilt angle data set θ 0, and the tilt angle of the current photovoltaic panel is obtained as θ The real-time working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell is obtained as T=Tb[Fub( θ - θ 0)*Fu(H)]-Tj[Fe(H)*Feb( θ -θ 0)], H is the installation height of the current photovoltaic panel.

[0028] Advantages of the present application:

[0029] The present application can adjust the working state of the photovoltaic panel in real time according to the real-time working temperature, ensuring that the photovoltaic cell can operate at the best angle and temperature under various environmental conditions, thereby improving the photoelectric conversion efficiency. The present application can comprehensively consider multiple factors such as inclination, height, wind speed, and radiation intensity, use advanced simulation models and intelligent optimization algorithms to accurately identify the working parameters of the photovoltaic panel, which helps to more accurately predict and optimize the performance of the photovoltaic cell. It is suitable for photovoltaic cells under different latitudes and different environmental conditions, has strong geographical and climatic adaptability, and can be widely used in photovoltaic power stations all over the world. Through automatic parameter identification and adjustment, the need for human intervention is reduced, thereby reducing the long-term operation and maintenance costs. According to the environmental factors of the photovoltaic cell, the working temperature is obtained in real time, improving the accuracy of the working temperature acquisition. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0030] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, not all. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0033] Please refer to Figure 1 The present application is a photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on an intelligent optimization algorithm, which includes an optimal inclination determination module, a height calibration module, an angle calibration module, a working temperature calibration module, and an identification module. Specifically:

[0034] The optimal inclination determination module includes an optimal inclination dataset. The optimal inclination dataset is obtained based on a pre-constructed simulation model, and includes the optimal inclination of the photovoltaic panel at different latitudes and longitudes. The optimal inclination is the inclination of the photovoltaic panel receiving standard radiation intensity at the same latitude and longitude, and the standard radiation intensity is the maximum solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel.

[0035] It can be understood that the solar altitude angle and the azimuth angle change with the season, the date and the time of day, and therefore, in order to maximize the solar energy absorption efficiency, the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel also needs to be adjusted accordingly; the optimal inclination data set provides a scientific basis for the design and installation of the photovoltaic panel, ensures that no matter which corner of the earth, the photovoltaic panel can capture sunlight in the most optimized posture, and then improves the overall energy conversion efficiency and economic benefit; by accurately calculating and applying these optimal inclinations, the light loss caused by improper angles can be significantly reduced; at the same time, when the photovoltaic panel is at the optimal inclination, the solar energy absorption efficiency of the photovoltaic panel is the highest, and the working temperature is also the highest;

[0036] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the construction process of the simulation model comprises: establishing a spherical model, establishing a longitude and latitude network on the spherical model; collecting astronomical parameters and geographical information, the astronomical parameters including the inclination angle of the earth rotation axis, the obliquity of the ecliptic, the geographical information including the sunshine duration, cloud cover and air temperature at each longitude and latitude on the longitude and latitude network; and establishing a simulation model according to the spherical model, the astronomical parameters and the geographical information;

[0037] It can be understood that, in order to establish the optimal inclination data set, firstly, an accurate spherical model needs to be constructed, and a detailed longitude and latitude network needs to be drawn on the surface of the model; this model serves as a basic framework for simulating different positions on the earth's surface, thereby providing a spatial reference for subsequent analysis; after the spherical model is established, a series of key astronomical parameters and geographical information need to be collected; the astronomical parameters mainly include the inclination angle of the earth rotation axis and the obliquity of the ecliptic, which are crucial for understanding the relative position relationship between the earth and the sun, and they directly affect the incidence angle and intensity of sunlight; and the geographical information covers the sunshine duration, cloud cover and air temperature data at each node on the longitude and latitude network, which together determine the specific conditions for the photovoltaic panel to receive solar energy; using the above collected data, combined with advanced calculation methods and algorithms, a highly complex simulation model can be established; the model can consider multiple factors such as geographical location, seasonal variation, weather conditions, etc., to predict the amount of solar radiation that the photovoltaic panel can receive under different inclination angles; by continuously adjusting the model parameters and running simulation experiments, the optimal inclination value at each longitude and latitude point is finally determined, that is, when the photovoltaic panel is at this specific angle, it can maximize the absorption of solar energy;

[0038] High calibration module: set a standard height and set a plurality of height values, obtain the standard radiation intensity of the photovoltaic panel at different height values when the photovoltaic panel is at the same longitude and latitude, and fit the standard radiation curve according to the standard radiation intensity at different height values;

[0039] Obtaining the minimum wind speed of the photovoltaic panel at the same latitude and longitude at different height values, the minimum wind speed being the wind speed of the surface of the photovoltaic panel when the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel is 0°; according to the minimum wind speed at different height values, a minimum wind speed curve is fitted;

[0040] It can be understood that a standard height is set as a reference point, and a plurality of different height values are selected for research on this basis; these selected height values cover a wide range from the ground to a higher position to simulate various situations that may be encountered in actual installation; at each selected height, the standard radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel is measured and recorded; this process involves precise illumination sensors and data acquisition equipment to ensure that the collected data is accurate and reliable; by statistically analyzing the radiation intensity data at different heights, a standard radiation curve can be drawn to intuitively show the trend of the change of radiation intensity with height; in addition to the radiation intensity, the minimum wind speed is also an important factor affecting the stability and safety of the photovoltaic panel; in the height calibration module, the minimum wind speed data of the photovoltaic panel at the same latitude and longitude but at different heights is also obtained; the minimum wind speed here specifically refers to the wind speed experienced by the surface of the photovoltaic panel when the inclination angle is 0°, because this represents the most unfavorable stress condition; similarly, according to these wind speed data, a minimum wind speed curve can be fitted to reveal the law of the change of wind speed with height;

[0041] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the standard height and the height value are the height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground, and the standard height is set in the range of [8cm, 10cm];

[0042] It is worth noting that in general, the installation height of the photovoltaic panel from the ground is about 8-10cm, which is more appropriate; this height can ensure that there is enough space for ventilation and heat dissipation between the panel and the ground, while avoiding corrosion problems caused by the rise of ground moisture;

[0043] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the process of obtaining the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel includes:

[0044] The inclination angle is the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the inclination angle when the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the ground is 0°;

[0045] It can be understood that the angle between the photovoltaic panel and the ground is determined; this angle refers to the angle between the surface of the photovoltaic panel and the ground, which determines the efficiency of the photovoltaic panel in receiving sunlight;

[0046] The angle calibration module sets different inclination deviation values, the inclination deviation values being angle values of inclination deviation of the photovoltaic panel from the optimal inclination angle; obtains radiation variation coefficients of the photovoltaic panel at different inclination deviation values, and fits a radiation variation coefficient curve according to the radiation variation coefficients at different inclination deviation values; obtains wind speed variation coefficients of the photovoltaic panel at different inclination deviation values, and fits a wind speed variation coefficient curve according to the wind speed variation coefficients at different inclination deviation values;

[0047] It can be understood that, according to the collected data points (i.e., radiation variation coefficients corresponding to different inclination deviation values), a curve is fitted using a mathematical method, and the curve can describe the relationship between inclination deviation and radiation receiving amount; similarly, the influence of different inclination deviation values on the wind speed received by the photovoltaic panel also needs to be evaluated; based on the data points of the wind speed variation coefficients, a mathematical fitting method is used again to obtain a curve describing the relationship between inclination deviation and wind speed variation;

[0048] It is worth noting that the process of fitting a curve using a mathematical method includes:

[0049] An orthogonal coordinate system is established with the inclination deviation value as the horizontal coordinate and the radiation variation coefficient as the vertical coordinate; the radiation variation coefficients corresponding to different inclination deviation values are converted into coordinate points at corresponding positions in the orthogonal coordinate system to obtain a discrete point graph; and all coordinate points in the discrete point graph are sequentially connected by a smooth curve, and the curve is recorded as the radiation variation coefficient;

[0050] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the process of obtaining the radiation variation coefficient includes:

[0051] The inclination deviation value is recorded as k, and the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel at this time is recorded as Fu k The radiation variation coefficient K at this time is obtained as follows: Fu = Fu k / Fu0, where Fu0 is the standard radiation intensity at this time;

[0052] The process of obtaining the wind speed variation coefficient includes:

[0053] The wind speed Fe on the surface of the photovoltaic panel when the inclination deviation value is k is obtained k The wind speed variation coefficient K at this time is obtained as follows: Fe = Fe k / Fe0, where Fe0 is the minimum wind speed at this time;

[0054] The working temperature calibration module: when the wind speed is 0, different radiation values are set, the radiation values are values of solar radiation intensity, the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell under different radiation values is obtained, and a temperature change curve is fitted; when the radiation value is fixed, different wind speeds are set, the working temperature reduction of the photovoltaic cell under different wind speeds is obtained, and a temperature reduction curve is fitted;

[0055] It can be understood that the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell is measured at each specific radiation value; this step is to understand how different radiation intensities affect the temperature of the photovoltaic cell; according to the collected data points (i.e. the working temperature corresponding to different radiation values), a curve is fitted using a mathematical method; the curve can describe the relationship between radiation intensity and the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell; the working temperature reduction of the photovoltaic cell is measured at each specific wind speed; this step is to understand how different wind speeds affect the degree of temperature reduction of the photovoltaic cell; based on the data points of the working temperature reduction, a curve describing the relationship between wind speed and temperature reduction is obtained again using a mathematical fitting method;

[0056] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the working temperature reduction is obtained by:

[0057] In the case of a fixed radiation value, the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell when the wind speed is the lowest is recorded as t, and the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell at the current wind speed f under the same radiation value is recorded as t f , then the working temperature reduction Cv = |t-t f | is obtained.

[0058] It can be understood that when the radiation value is fixed, different climate conditions are simulated by changing the wind speed; these different wind speeds represent air flow conditions from stillness to strong wind and the like; the working temperature reduction of the photovoltaic cell is measured at each specific wind speed; based on the data points of the working temperature reduction, a temperature reduction curve can be fitted;

[0059] The recognition module: the optimal inclination angle of the current photovoltaic panel is obtained in real time, and the working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell is obtained in real time through intelligent optimization algorithm according to the angle calibration module, the height calibration module and the working temperature calibration module;

[0060] As a preferred embodiment of the present application, the working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell is obtained by:

[0061] Let the standard radiation curve be Fu(a), and the minimum wind speed curve be Fe(a), where a is the height value; let the radiation variation coefficient curve be Fub(b), and the wind speed variation coefficient curve be Feb(b), where b is the tilt angle deviation value; let the temperature variation curve be Tb(c), where c is the radiation value, and let the temperature reduction curve be Tj(d), where d is the wind speed;

[0062] Obtain the latitude and longitude of the current photovoltaic panel, and obtain the optimal tilt angle of the current photovoltaic panel according to the optimal tilt angle data set θ 0, and obtain the tilt angle of the current photovoltaic panel as θ Obtain the real-time working temperature T of the current photovoltaic cell as T = Tb[Fub(H)*Fu(H)] - Tj[Fe(H)*Feb(H)], where H is the installation height of the current photovoltaic panel θ θ 0 θ θ 0

[0063] It can be understood that this formula comprehensively considers the influence of factors such as tilt angle, height, and wind speed on the working temperature of the photovoltaic cell, thereby obtaining an accurate working temperature value.

[0064] The above describes one embodiment of the present application in detail, but the content described is only a preferred embodiment of the present application, and cannot be considered as limiting the scope of the present application. Any equivalent changes and improvements made according to the scope of the present application should still belong to the scope of the present application.​​

Claims

1. A photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm, characterized in that, The application comprises an optimal inclination determining module, a height calibration module, an angle calibration module, a working temperature calibration module and an identification module. The optimal inclination determining module comprises an optimal inclination dataset, which is obtained based on a pre-constructed simulation model, and the optimal inclination dataset comprises optimal inclinations of a photovoltaic panel at different latitudes and longitudes. The height calibration module sets a standard height and a plurality of height values, obtains standard radiation intensities of the photovoltaic panel at different height values at the same latitude and longitude, and fits a standard radiation curve according to the standard radiation intensities at different height values. The angle calibration module sets different inclination deviation values, which are angle values of the inclination of the photovoltaic panel deviating from the optimal inclination. The working temperature calibration module sets different radiation values when the wind speed is 0, obtains working temperatures of the photovoltaic cell at different radiation values, and fits a temperature change curve. The identification module obtains a current optimal inclination of the photovoltaic panel in real time, and obtains a working temperature of the current photovoltaic cell in real time according to the angle calibration module, the height calibration module and the working temperature calibration module through an intelligent optimization algorithm. The simulation model comprises a standard radiation curve, a minimum wind speed curve, a radiation change coefficient curve, a wind speed change coefficient curve, a temperature change curve and a temperature reduction curve. The simulation model is constructed by the following steps: ​ ​ ​ 2. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, ​ A spherical model is established, and a longitude and latitude network is established on the spherical model; astronomical parameters and geographical information are collected, the astronomical parameters including an inclination angle of an earth rotation axis and an angle between the earth and the equator, the geographical information including a sunshine duration, a cloud cover and a temperature at each longitude and latitude on the longitude and latitude network; and a simulation model is established according to the spherical model, the astronomical parameters and the geographical information.

3. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standard height and the height value are heights of the photovoltaic panel from the ground, and the standard height is set in a range of [8 cm, 10 cm].

4. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process for obtaining the inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel comprises: The inclination angle is an angle between the photovoltaic panel and the ground, and the inclination angle is 0° when the photovoltaic panel is parallel to the ground.

5. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process for obtaining the radiation variation coefficient comprises: Let the said tilt angle deviation value be k, and let the solar radiation intensity received by the photovoltaic panel at this time be Fu k Then the radiation variation coefficient K at this time is obtained Fu = Fu k / Fu0, wherein Fu0 is the standard radiation intensity at this time.

6. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 5, characterized in that, The process for obtaining the wind speed variation coefficient comprises: Obtaining the wind speed Fe of the surface of the photovoltaic panel when the tilt angle deviation value is k k Then the wind speed variation coefficient K at this time is obtained Fe = Fe k / Fe0, wherein Fe0 is the minimum wind speed at this time.

7. The photovoltaic cell parameter identification system based on intelligent optimization algorithm according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process for obtaining the working temperature reduction amount comprises: In the case of a fixed radiation value, let the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell at the lowest wind speed be t, and let the operating temperature of the photovoltaic cell at the current wind speed f be t f , at the same radiation value, then the operating temperature reduction Cv = |t - t f | is obtained.

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