Regional analysis-based stony desertification differentiation treatment method

Abstract

The invention discloses a stony desertification differentiation treatment method based on regional analysis, and relates to the technical field of environmental protection stony desertification treatment, and the method comprises the steps: obtaining the vegetation ecological image data of a stony desertification region through a remote sensing technology, obtaining the vegetation image of the stony desertification region in a manner of taking a remote sensing image as a main part and taking a computer image as an auxiliary part; processing the vegetation image of the stony desertification area to obtain a processed vegetation image; the method comprises the following steps: acquiring meteorological data of a stony desertification area, and performing spatial interpolation through an inverse distance weighting method to obtain gridding meteorological data with the spatial resolution of 1km * 1km; constructing a drought monitoring model of a vegetation moisture index, a vegetation water supply index, a vegetation temperature index, an air temperature and a vegetation drought index in the stony desertification area through the processed vegetation image and the grid meteorological data; according to the method, the drought and vegetation conditions of the stony desertification area are evaluated through the vegetation coverage, the minimum vegetation water demand threshold value and the vegetation suitable ecological water demand threshold value, and the stony desertification treatment efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rocky desertification control, and in particular to a differentiated rocky desertification control method based on regional analysis. Background Art

[0002] The prior art (the invention patent with the publication number CN104737866B) discloses a method for controlling rocky desertification. The present invention adopts the method of using geotextiles and geocells in combination. On the one hand, it can be directly used for soil and water conservation in rocky desertification areas to create conditions for large-scale afforestation. On the other hand, vegetation is planted in the geocell to rebuild the ecosystem; it consolidates rocks and conserves water from the root to prevent the expansion of rocky desertification. The present invention can play a good effect on the control of rocky desertification areas after one implementation, can effectively achieve soil and water conservation, effectively improve the conditions required for the growth of vegetation and shelterbelts, effectively utilize my country's vast rocky desert resources, and save the cost of rocky desertification land control. The prior art cannot evaluate the drought and vegetation conditions in the rocky desertification area through vegetation coverage, the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, cannot control the differences in rocky desertification through dynamic changes, and cannot improve the efficiency of rocky desertification control. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art; to this end, the present invention proposes a differentiated desertification control method based on regional analysis, which evaluates the drought and vegetation conditions in the desertification area through vegetation coverage, minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, controls the differences in desertification through dynamic changes, improves the efficiency of desertification control, and improves environmental protection issues.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the first aspect of the present invention provides a method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis, comprising obtaining vegetation ecological image data of a rocky desertification area through remote sensing technology, obtaining a vegetation image of the rocky desertification area in the form of remote sensing images as the main and computer images as the auxiliary, processing the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area, and obtaining a processed vegetation image;

[0005] Obtain meteorological data of the rocky desertification area, perform spatial interpolation using the inverse distance weighted method, and obtain gridded meteorological data with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km;

[0006] A drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in rocky desertification areas is constructed by using the processed vegetation images and gridded meteorological data;

[0007] The minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are obtained through the drought monitoring model;

[0008] Acquire the vegetation coverage of the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image;

[0009] The rocky desertification area is evaluated based on the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out based on the evaluation results.

[0010] Preferably, the step of processing the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area to obtain the processed vegetation image includes:

[0011] The rocky desertification region vegetation image is used as a basis for calibration processing, the transmittance of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is set to a constant value, a filter is used to reduce noise on the image, and projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is obtained, and an image correlation vector is obtained according to the projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image;

[0012] The vegetation image of the rocky desertification area is calibrated according to the image correlation vector to achieve correction and segmentation of the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area, dividing it into vegetation and land, and obtaining a processed vegetation image.

[0013] Preferably, the drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in rocky desertification areas is constructed by using the processed vegetation image and gridded meteorological data, including:

[0014] The vegetation moisture index is calculated as follows:

[0015]

[0016] Among them, C represents the vegetation moisture index, E represents the actual evaporation of vegetation moisture, and P represents the potential evaporation of vegetation moisture;

[0017] The vegetation water supply index is calculated as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Among them, V represents the vegetation water supply index, N represents the normalized vegetation index, T c It is expressed as vegetation canopy temperature;

[0020] The vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index are calculated as follows:

[0021]

[0022] Among them, V t It is represented by the vegetation temperature index, L represents the surface temperature, and L max Expressed as the maximum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, L minExpressed as the minimum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, T v Expressed as temperature and vegetation drought index.

[0023] Preferably, the obtaining of the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area through the drought monitoring model includes:

[0024] Set the reference vegetation evapotranspiration as ET o , K s is the water stress coefficient;

[0025] The vegetation water requirement is calculated by calculating the reference vegetation evapotranspiration and water stress coefficient, and the expression is:

[0027] ET c =ET o ×K s ×N

[0028] Among them, E.T. c It is expressed as the water requirement quota for vegetation;

[0029] According to the vegetation water demand quota and drought monitoring model, the minimum vegetation water demand threshold and the vegetation suitable ecological water demand threshold in the rocky desertification area are obtained, and the expression is:

[0030]

[0031] Among them, E.T. min Expressed as the minimum water requirement threshold for vegetation, ET copt It is expressed as the threshold of suitable ecological water requirement for vegetation.

[0032] Preferably, obtaining the vegetation coverage of the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image includes:

[0033] The normalized vegetation index is calculated according to the processed vegetation image, and the expression is:

[0034]

[0035] Among them, NIR represents the near infrared band, and R represents the infrared wave;

[0036] The vegetation coverage is calculated based on the vertical projection area of ​​vegetation on the ground to the total area of ​​rocky desertification. The expression is:

[0037]

[0038] Among them, FVC represents vegetation coverage, N veg It is expressed as the N value of the pixel completely covered by vegetation, N soilThe N value represents completely bare soil or uncovered pixels.

[0039] Preferably, the rocky desertification area is evaluated according to the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out according to the evaluation results, including:

[0040] According to the vegetation coverage, the evaluation criteria C is established. n And the evaluation index set A m , the evaluation index set A m Contains {a1, ..., a nm} indicators;

[0041] According to the evaluation index set A m The dominance degree is used to construct an evaluation judgment matrix, and a normalized ranking vector of the evaluation judgment matrix is ​​obtained by the characteristic root method, and a consistency check is performed on the normalized ranking vector to obtain a normalized eigenvector, and the normalized eigenvector is weighted to obtain a total weight W of the evaluation index;

[0042] The influencing factors of the vegetation coverage are classified and differentiated, and a factor set U and an evaluation set V are determined according to the complexity of the vegetation coverage;

[0043] Performing single factor evaluation on each factor in the factor set U, confirming the membership of each factor to the evaluation set V, and obtaining the membership evaluation matrix R;

[0044] According to the total weight W of the indicators and the membership evaluation matrix R, the final evaluation result is calculated and expressed as:

[0045] Z=W*R

[0046] Among them, Z represents the final evaluation result;

[0047] The final evaluation results include five levels: poor, relatively poor, fair, good, and excellent;

[0048] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both greater than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, the rocky desertification area is drought;

[0049] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both less than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the rocky desertification area is humid;

[0050] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both equal to the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the water content in the rocky desertification area is balanced;

[0051] Differentiated management is carried out based on the final evaluation results, the actual minimum water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area and the dynamic changes of the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation.

[0052] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0053] The present invention evaluates the drought and vegetation conditions in the rocky desertification area through vegetation coverage, minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and vegetation suitable ecological water requirement threshold, manages the differences in rocky desertification through dynamic changes, and improves the efficiency of rocky desertification management. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0055] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the process of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] See also Figure 1 , the first aspect of the present application provides a method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis, including obtaining vegetation ecological image data of the rocky desertification area through remote sensing technology, obtaining the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area in the form of remote sensing images as the main and computer images as the auxiliary, processing the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area, and obtaining the processed vegetation image;

[0058] Furthermore, the processing of the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area to obtain the processed vegetation image includes:

[0059] The rocky desertification region vegetation image is used as a basis for calibration processing, the transmittance of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is set to a constant value, a filter is used to reduce noise on the image, and projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is obtained, and an image correlation vector is obtained according to the projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image;

[0060] The vegetation image of the rocky desertification area is calibrated according to the image correlation vector to achieve correction and segmentation of the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area, dividing it into vegetation and land, and obtaining a processed vegetation image.

[0061] It should be explained that in the embodiment of the present invention, the scanning frequency of the sensor carried by the airborne platform through the remote sensing technology is set to 100kHz. The laser wavelength is in the near-infrared band. Before the UAV takes off, the flight route, flight altitude, flight speed, etc. are set in the route planning software. Since it is necessary to extract vegetation information in the desertification area under study, a cross-flight method is adopted, and the flight altitude is set to 50m and the flight speed is set to 5m / s. When acquiring the data, the weather was clear, and a small amount of clouds were distributed high, which had no effect on the data collected by the lidar.

[0062] Obtain meteorological data of the rocky desertification area, perform spatial interpolation using the inverse distance weighted method, and obtain gridded meteorological data with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km;

[0063] A drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in rocky desertification areas is constructed by using the processed vegetation images and gridded meteorological data;

[0064] Furthermore, the drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in the rocky desertification area is constructed by using the processed vegetation image and gridded meteorological data, including:

[0065] The vegetation moisture index is calculated as follows:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, C represents the vegetation moisture index, E represents the actual evaporation of vegetation moisture, and P represents the potential evaporation of vegetation moisture;

[0068] It should be explained that in the embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation moisture index is closely related to the physiological activity of vegetation and is calculated based on the difference between the crop surface temperature and the air temperature. The result has better physical interpretation. Therefore, the present invention uses the vegetation moisture index as part of drought monitoring.

[0069] The vegetation water supply index is calculated as follows:

[0070]

[0071] Among them, V represents the vegetation water supply index, N represents the normalized vegetation index, T c It is expressed as vegetation canopy temperature;

[0072] It should be explained that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the vegetation water supply index is an index established based on the principle that when drought occurs, the stomata of plants are closed, causing the canopy temperature to rise, thereby hindering the growth of plants.

[0073] The vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index are calculated as follows:

[0074]

[0075] Among them, V t It is represented by the vegetation temperature index, L represents the surface temperature, and L max Expressed as the maximum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, L min Expressed as the minimum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, T v Expressed as temperature and vegetation drought index.

[0076] The minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are obtained through the drought monitoring model;

[0077] Furthermore, the method of obtaining the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area through the drought monitoring model includes:

[0078] Set the reference vegetation evapotranspiration as ET o , K s is the water stress coefficient;

[0079] The vegetation water requirement is calculated by calculating the reference vegetation evapotranspiration and water stress coefficient, and the expression is:

[0081] ET c =ET o ×K s ×N

[0082] Among them, E.T. c It is expressed as the water requirement quota for vegetation;

[0083] According to the vegetation water demand quota and drought monitoring model, the minimum vegetation water demand threshold and the vegetation suitable ecological water demand threshold in the rocky desertification area are obtained, and the expression is:

[0084]

[0085] Among them, E.T. min Expressed as the minimum water requirement threshold for vegetation, ET copt It is expressed as the threshold of suitable ecological water requirement for vegetation.

[0086] Acquire the vegetation coverage of the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image;

[0087] Furthermore, obtaining the vegetation coverage of the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image includes:

[0088] The normalized vegetation index is calculated according to the processed vegetation image, and the expression is:

[0089]

[0090] Among them, NIR represents the near infrared band, and R represents the infrared wave;

[0091] The vegetation coverage is calculated based on the vertical projection area of ​​vegetation on the ground to the total area of ​​rocky desertification. The expression is:

[0092]

[0093] Among them, FVC represents vegetation coverage, N veg It is expressed as the N value of the pixel completely covered by vegetation, N soil The N value represents completely bare soil or uncovered pixels.

[0094] The rocky desertification area is evaluated based on the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out based on the evaluation results.

[0095] Furthermore, the rocky desertification area is evaluated according to the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out according to the evaluation results, including:

[0096] According to the vegetation coverage, the evaluation criteria C is established. n And the evaluation index set A m , the evaluation index set A m Contains {a1, ..., a nm} indicators;

[0097] According to the evaluation index set A m The dominance degree is used to construct an evaluation judgment matrix, and a normalized ranking vector of the evaluation judgment matrix is ​​obtained by the characteristic root method, and a consistency check is performed on the normalized ranking vector to obtain a normalized eigenvector, and the normalized eigenvector is weighted to obtain a total weight W of the evaluation index;

[0098] The influencing factors of the vegetation coverage are classified and differentiated, and a factor set U and an evaluation set V are determined according to the complexity of the vegetation coverage;

[0099] Performing single factor evaluation on each factor in the factor set U, confirming the membership of each factor to the evaluation set V, and obtaining the membership evaluation matrix R;

[0100] According to the total weight W of the indicators and the membership evaluation matrix R, the final evaluation result is calculated and expressed as:

[0101] Z=W*R

[0102] Among them, Z represents the final evaluation result;

[0103] The final evaluation results include five levels: poor, relatively poor, fair, good, and excellent;

[0104] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both greater than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, the rocky desertification area is drought;

[0105] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both less than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the rocky desertification area is humid;

[0106] If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both equal to the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the water content in the rocky desertification area is balanced;

[0107] Differentiated management is carried out based on the final evaluation results, the actual minimum water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area and the dynamic changes of the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation.

[0108] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical method of the present invention rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical method of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical method of the present invention.

Claims

1. A differentiated desertification control method based on regional analysis, characterized in that: include: Acquire vegetation ecological image data of the rocky desertification area through remote sensing technology, obtain vegetation images of the rocky desertification area in the form of remote sensing images as the main and computer images as the auxiliary, process the vegetation images of the rocky desertification area, and obtain processed vegetation images; Obtain meteorological data of the rocky desertification area, perform spatial interpolation using the inverse distance weighted method, and obtain gridded meteorological data with a spatial resolution of 1 km × 1 km; A drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in rocky desertification areas is constructed by using the processed vegetation images and gridded meteorological data; The minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are obtained through the drought monitoring model; Acquire the vegetation coverage of the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image; The rocky desertification area is evaluated based on the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out based on the evaluation results.

2. The method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of processing the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area to obtain the processed vegetation image includes: The rocky desertification region vegetation image is used as a basis for calibration processing, the transmittance of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is set to a constant value, a filter is used to reduce noise on the image, and projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image is obtained, and an image correlation vector is obtained according to the projected speckle size information of the rocky desertification region vegetation image; The vegetation image of the rocky desertification area is calibrated according to the image correlation vector to achieve correction and segmentation of the vegetation image of the rocky desertification area, dividing it into vegetation and land, and obtaining a processed vegetation image.

3. The method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drought monitoring model of vegetation moisture index, vegetation water supply index, vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index in the rocky desertification area is constructed by using the processed vegetation image and gridded meteorological data, including: The vegetation moisture index is calculated as follows: Among them, C represents the vegetation moisture index, E represents the actual evaporation of vegetation moisture, and P represents the potential evaporation of vegetation moisture; The vegetation water supply index is calculated as follows: Among them, V represents the vegetation water supply index, N represents the normalized vegetation index, T c It is expressed as vegetation canopy temperature; The vegetation temperature index, air temperature and vegetation drought index are calculated as follows: Among them, V t It is represented by the vegetation temperature index, L represents the surface temperature, and L max Expressed as the maximum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, L min Expressed as the minimum surface temperature corresponding to the normalized vegetation index, T v Expressed as temperature and vegetation drought index.

4. The method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation in the rocky desertification area through the drought monitoring model includes: Set the reference vegetation evapotranspiration as ET o , K s is the water stress coefficient; The vegetation water requirement is calculated by calculating the reference vegetation evapotranspiration and water stress coefficient, and the expression is: AND c =ET o ×K s ×N Among them, E.T. c It is expressed as the water requirement quota for vegetation; According to the vegetation water demand quota and drought monitoring model, the minimum vegetation water demand threshold and the vegetation suitable ecological water demand threshold in the rocky desertification area are obtained, and the expression is: Among them, E.T. min Expressed as the minimum water requirement threshold for vegetation, ET copt It is expressed as the threshold of suitable ecological water requirement for vegetation.

5. The method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The obtaining of vegetation coverage in the rocky desertification area according to the processed vegetation image comprises: The normalized vegetation index is calculated according to the processed vegetation image, and the expression is: Among them, NIR represents the near infrared band, and R represents the infrared wave; The vegetation coverage is calculated based on the vertical projection area of ​​vegetation on the ground to the total area of ​​rocky desertification. The expression is: Among them, FVC represents vegetation coverage, N veg It is expressed as the N value of the pixel completely covered by vegetation, N soil The N value represents completely bare soil or uncovered pixels.

6. The method for differentiated desertification control based on regional analysis according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The rocky desertification area is evaluated according to the minimum water requirement threshold of vegetation, the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation and the vegetation coverage, and differentiated governance is carried out according to the evaluation results, including: According to the vegetation coverage, the evaluation criteria C is established. n With evaluation index set A m , the evaluation index set A m Contains {a1, ..., a nm } indicators; According to the evaluation index set A m The dominance degree is used to construct an evaluation judgment matrix, and a normalized ranking vector of the evaluation judgment matrix is ​​obtained by the characteristic root method, and a consistency check is performed on the normalized ranking vector to obtain a normalized eigenvector, and the normalized eigenvector is weighted to obtain a total weight W of the evaluation index; The influencing factors of the vegetation coverage are classified and differentiated, and a factor set U and an evaluation set V are determined according to the complexity of the vegetation coverage; Performing single factor evaluation on each factor in the factor set U, confirming the membership of each factor to the evaluation set V, and obtaining the membership evaluation matrix R; According to the total weight W of the indicators and the membership evaluation matrix R, the final evaluation result is calculated and expressed as: Z=W*R Among them, Z represents the final evaluation result; The final evaluation results include five levels: poor, relatively poor, fair, good, and excellent; If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both greater than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, the rocky desertification area is drought; If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both less than the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the rocky desertification area is humid; If the actual minimum vegetation water requirement and the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area are both equal to the minimum vegetation water requirement threshold and the suitable ecological water requirement threshold of vegetation, then the water content in the rocky desertification area is balanced; Differentiated management is carried out based on the final evaluation results, the actual minimum water requirement of vegetation in the rocky desertification area and the dynamic changes of the actual suitable ecological water requirement of vegetation.

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